In this paper, we show, via a design example, how to leverage the parameters of a base off-axis conic to design freeform optical systems using the full-field display driven aberration-based design method discussed in [1]. Off-axis conic sections are often considered when designing unobscured or non-axisymmetric systems, including as base surfaces for freeform optics [2-8]. Likewise, design methods that use nodal aberration theory and full-field displays to gain insight into the aberrations of freeform systems have been demonstrated to be effective at generating starting points and performing designs (e.g., [1, 9-11]). However, in these aberration-based design methods, a central consideration is the correction of coma and astigmatism, which often involves the introduction of orthogonal polynomial astigmatism and coma terms (i.e.,, Z5/Z6 and Z7/Z8 for the Fringe Zernike polynomials). These terms are often major contributors to freeform departures, thus reducing or eliminating the need for orthogonal polynomial astigmatism and coma may improve interferometric testability estimates based on the magnitude of freeform departures. Consequently, in this paper, we leverage the parameters of base off-axis conics to follow the aberration-based design method without the use of additional orthogonal polynomial astigmatism and coma terms. While an off-axis conic is not exactly equivalent to a sphere plus astigmatism and coma, it is shown via a design example that re-designing with base off-axis conic parameters from the start can yield a new design that achieves equivalent optical performance without orthogonal polynomial astigmatism and coma. When these design methods are coupled with design methods aimed at reducing surface departures, significant improvements in interferometric testability estimates can be achieved, including when compared to fitting freeform surfaces designed with base spheres with the best-fit off-axis conic after optimization. For comparison, the design study in this paper is conducted twice: once using base off-axis conics with Fringe Zernike sag departure terms (excluding Zernike astigmatism and coma), and once using base spheres with Fringe Zernike sag departure terms (including Zernike astigmatism and coma).
{"title":"Aberration-based design example for freeform optical designs with base off-axis conics","authors":"Nick Takaki, Aaron Bauer, J. Rolland","doi":"10.1117/12.2603673","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1117/12.2603673","url":null,"abstract":"In this paper, we show, via a design example, how to leverage the parameters of a base off-axis conic to design freeform optical systems using the full-field display driven aberration-based design method discussed in [1]. Off-axis conic sections are often considered when designing unobscured or non-axisymmetric systems, including as base surfaces for freeform optics [2-8]. Likewise, design methods that use nodal aberration theory and full-field displays to gain insight into the aberrations of freeform systems have been demonstrated to be effective at generating starting points and performing designs (e.g., [1, 9-11]). However, in these aberration-based design methods, a central consideration is the correction of coma and astigmatism, which often involves the introduction of orthogonal polynomial astigmatism and coma terms (i.e.,, Z5/Z6 and Z7/Z8 for the Fringe Zernike polynomials). These terms are often major contributors to freeform departures, thus reducing or eliminating the need for orthogonal polynomial astigmatism and coma may improve interferometric testability estimates based on the magnitude of freeform departures. Consequently, in this paper, we leverage the parameters of base off-axis conics to follow the aberration-based design method without the use of additional orthogonal polynomial astigmatism and coma terms. While an off-axis conic is not exactly equivalent to a sphere plus astigmatism and coma, it is shown via a design example that re-designing with base off-axis conic parameters from the start can yield a new design that achieves equivalent optical performance without orthogonal polynomial astigmatism and coma. When these design methods are coupled with design methods aimed at reducing surface departures, significant improvements in interferometric testability estimates can be achieved, including when compared to fitting freeform surfaces designed with base spheres with the best-fit off-axis conic after optimization. For comparison, the design study in this paper is conducted twice: once using base off-axis conics with Fringe Zernike sag departure terms (excluding Zernike astigmatism and coma), and once using base spheres with Fringe Zernike sag departure terms (including Zernike astigmatism and coma).","PeriodicalId":386109,"journal":{"name":"International Optical Design Conference","volume":"70 6","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-11-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"120855854","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
We present useful relations between multiple formulations for specifying and constraining off-axis conics of revolution.
给出了确定和约束离轴二次曲线的多种公式之间的有用关系。
{"title":"Representations of off-axis conics for lens design","authors":"E. Schiesser, Nick Takaki, Bryan P. Stone","doi":"10.1117/12.2603666","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1117/12.2603666","url":null,"abstract":"We present useful relations between multiple formulations for specifying and constraining off-axis conics of revolution.","PeriodicalId":386109,"journal":{"name":"International Optical Design Conference","volume":"37 146","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-11-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"120843774","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
To conform to the widening of head-mounted displays, stereoscopic optical systems require a high resolution of at least 4 K, and a field of view of at least 120°. However, the dimensions of the large-format cameras used to record high-quality content mean an appropriate stereo base cannot be achieved. Moreover, the wide angle of view prevents the use of a half-mirror rig to reduce the stereo base. Therefore, this study presents a solution where the stereo base is reduced using ultrashort throw lenses with a catadioptric relay in which the pupil is formed on the object side. Hence, a basic design for a wide-angle stereoscopic system with a half-field angle of ~126° and a stereo base of 62 mm is proposed.
{"title":"Wide-angle stereoscopic optical system using ultrashort throw lenses with a catadioptric relay","authors":"Jun Nishikawa, M. Nishiyama","doi":"10.1117/12.2603669","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1117/12.2603669","url":null,"abstract":"To conform to the widening of head-mounted displays, stereoscopic optical systems require a high resolution of at least 4 K, and a field of view of at least 120°. However, the dimensions of the large-format cameras used to record high-quality content mean an appropriate stereo base cannot be achieved. Moreover, the wide angle of view prevents the use of a half-mirror rig to reduce the stereo base. Therefore, this study presents a solution where the stereo base is reduced using ultrashort throw lenses with a catadioptric relay in which the pupil is formed on the object side. Hence, a basic design for a wide-angle stereoscopic system with a half-field angle of ~126° and a stereo base of 62 mm is proposed.","PeriodicalId":386109,"journal":{"name":"International Optical Design Conference","volume":"12078 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-11-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130928707","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
A. Rakhman, D. Willis, D. Aikens, J. Mason, W. Blokland, N. Evans, Neal Gerber, Melissa Harvey
An off-axis Schmidt telescope based remote imaging system is under development for in-situ viewing of high-energy proton beam distribution at the Spallation Neutron Source. The optical architecture, design parameters and challenges of this design will be discussed.
{"title":"Off-axis, reflective Schmidt telescope design for proton beam imaging system","authors":"A. Rakhman, D. Willis, D. Aikens, J. Mason, W. Blokland, N. Evans, Neal Gerber, Melissa Harvey","doi":"10.1117/12.2603671","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1117/12.2603671","url":null,"abstract":"An off-axis Schmidt telescope based remote imaging system is under development for in-situ viewing of high-energy proton beam distribution at the Spallation Neutron Source. The optical architecture, design parameters and challenges of this design will be discussed.","PeriodicalId":386109,"journal":{"name":"International Optical Design Conference","volume":"53 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-11-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"116289041","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Farfield beam shaping e.g. with diffusers often enlarges etendue. We discuss etendue conserving, high transmission beam shaping with irregular fly's eye condensers. Examples of automotive LED headlamp demonstrators using this design principle are presented.
{"title":"Light shaping with micro-optical irregular fly′s eye condensers","authors":"P. Schreiber, Leo M. Wilhelm","doi":"10.1117/12.2603648","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1117/12.2603648","url":null,"abstract":"Farfield beam shaping e.g. with diffusers often enlarges etendue. We discuss etendue conserving, high transmission beam shaping with irregular fly's eye condensers. Examples of automotive LED headlamp demonstrators using this design principle are presented.","PeriodicalId":386109,"journal":{"name":"International Optical Design Conference","volume":"39 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-11-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130514033","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Tianyi Yang, David H. Lippman, R. Chou, Nicholas S. Kochan, Ankur X. Desai, Greg R. Schmidt, J. Bentley, D. Moore
Gradient-index (GRIN) optics are commonly optimized with pre-determined materials, but the material choices limit the solution space of optimized index profiles. If the dispersive properties of the materials generating GRIN can be optimized, the performance of the optics can be further improved. This paper proposes a material concentration-based GRIN representation to replace the widely-used index-based representation, allowing simultaneous optimization of materials and the GRIN profile. The paper also proposed an efficient iterative algorithm capable of calculating the refractive indices, Abbe numbers and partial dispersions of material pairs from the optimized GRIN profiles. The new representation and the algorithm are used to optimize an F/2.5 GRIN singlet to diffraction-limited performance over the visible spectrum.
{"title":"Material optimization in the design of broadband gradient-index optics","authors":"Tianyi Yang, David H. Lippman, R. Chou, Nicholas S. Kochan, Ankur X. Desai, Greg R. Schmidt, J. Bentley, D. Moore","doi":"10.1117/12.2603644","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1117/12.2603644","url":null,"abstract":"Gradient-index (GRIN) optics are commonly optimized with pre-determined materials, but the material choices limit the solution space of optimized index profiles. If the dispersive properties of the materials generating GRIN can be optimized, the performance of the optics can be further improved. This paper proposes a material concentration-based GRIN representation to replace the widely-used index-based representation, allowing simultaneous optimization of materials and the GRIN profile. The paper also proposed an efficient iterative algorithm capable of calculating the refractive indices, Abbe numbers and partial dispersions of material pairs from the optimized GRIN profiles. The new representation and the algorithm are used to optimize an F/2.5 GRIN singlet to diffraction-limited performance over the visible spectrum.","PeriodicalId":386109,"journal":{"name":"International Optical Design Conference","volume":"115 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-11-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"131540618","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Jorge Alvarado-Martínez, F. Granados-Agustin, A. Vázquez-Villa, S. Vázquez-y Montiel
The optical design of a reflective objective system of a thermal camera for a syndromic surveillance system that captures bio-clinical signals, like temperature, directly related to the physical symptoms of the COVID-19 disease through thermal images is presented. The design is based on an off-axis four mirror system that allows for correcting spherical, coma, astigmatism, and field curvature aberrations. The OFOS design works on wavelengths of 7.5 μm - 14 μm, with an f-number less than 5, and a field of view (FOV) greater than 10 degrees.
{"title":"Optical design of an off-axis four-mirror objective system (OFOS) for a thermal camera","authors":"Jorge Alvarado-Martínez, F. Granados-Agustin, A. Vázquez-Villa, S. Vázquez-y Montiel","doi":"10.1117/12.2603677","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1117/12.2603677","url":null,"abstract":"The optical design of a reflective objective system of a thermal camera for a syndromic surveillance system that captures bio-clinical signals, like temperature, directly related to the physical symptoms of the COVID-19 disease through thermal images is presented. The design is based on an off-axis four mirror system that allows for correcting spherical, coma, astigmatism, and field curvature aberrations. The OFOS design works on wavelengths of 7.5 μm - 14 μm, with an f-number less than 5, and a field of view (FOV) greater than 10 degrees.","PeriodicalId":386109,"journal":{"name":"International Optical Design Conference","volume":"13 2 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-11-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"122994147","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Some useful displays that reveal structural performance of lens systems are presented and discussed. They are useful for gleaning into how lenses work, their problems, and their imaging potential. An imaging simulation of a square wave is also presented to complement MTF plots.
{"title":"Some lens structural performance displays","authors":"J. Sasián","doi":"10.1117/12.2603640","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1117/12.2603640","url":null,"abstract":"Some useful displays that reveal structural performance of lens systems are presented and discussed. They are useful for gleaning into how lenses work, their problems, and their imaging potential. An imaging simulation of a square wave is also presented to complement MTF plots.","PeriodicalId":386109,"journal":{"name":"International Optical Design Conference","volume":"29 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-11-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"121075241","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
M. Makarenko, A. Burguete-Lopez, F. Getman, A. Fratalocchi
We introduce a universal design platform for the development of highly-efficient wavefront engineering structures. To validate this methodology, we fabricated many different optical devices with an experimental efficiency exceeding 99%.
{"title":"Highly-efficient flat-optics inverse design platform via fast trained neural predictors","authors":"M. Makarenko, A. Burguete-Lopez, F. Getman, A. Fratalocchi","doi":"10.1117/12.2603689","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1117/12.2603689","url":null,"abstract":"We introduce a universal design platform for the development of highly-efficient wavefront engineering structures. To validate this methodology, we fabricated many different optical devices with an experimental efficiency exceeding 99%.","PeriodicalId":386109,"journal":{"name":"International Optical Design Conference","volume":"12078 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-11-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"129977265","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
David H. Lippman, R. Chou, Ankur X. Desai, Nicholas S. Kochan, Tianyi Yang, Greg R. Schmidt, J. Bentley, D. Moore
Annular folded lenses (AFLs) offer high resolution monochromatic imaging in a low telephoto ratio package. Monolithic designs offer advantages but are inflicted with chromatic aberrations. Applying freeform gradient- index media enables more advanced, diffraction-limited monochromatic AFL designs. By optimizing the GRIN profile along with its dispersion, chromatic aberrations can also be corrected, granting high performing poly- chromatic designs.
{"title":"Design of annular folded lenses using freeform gradient-index optics","authors":"David H. Lippman, R. Chou, Ankur X. Desai, Nicholas S. Kochan, Tianyi Yang, Greg R. Schmidt, J. Bentley, D. Moore","doi":"10.1117/12.2603679","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1117/12.2603679","url":null,"abstract":"Annular folded lenses (AFLs) offer high resolution monochromatic imaging in a low telephoto ratio package. Monolithic designs offer advantages but are inflicted with chromatic aberrations. Applying freeform gradient- index media enables more advanced, diffraction-limited monochromatic AFL designs. By optimizing the GRIN profile along with its dispersion, chromatic aberrations can also be corrected, granting high performing poly- chromatic designs.","PeriodicalId":386109,"journal":{"name":"International Optical Design Conference","volume":"2 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-11-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"129353108","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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