Pub Date : 2022-08-16DOI: 10.21708/avb.2022.16.3.10747
R. B. Pontuschka, Analice Timoteo de Araujo, Mayline Álex Contes da Silva, J. V. Dantas Filho, R. P. Marmentini, S. V. Schons, J. Cavali
Handcrafted salted fish is marketed weekly in retail markets and public fairs in the Porto Velho city, Rondônia sate, Brazil. Knowing the microbiological quality of these products is essential for public health, given that such products are not subject to any quality control. The aimed of the study was to evaluate the hygienic-sanitary characteristics and the moisture content of pirarucu and salted and dried shrimp marketed in the Porto Velho city. Twenty samples were collected, 10 pirarucu and 10 shrimp, in February and June 2019. For microbiological analysis, surface plating was performed using acidified potato agar, for molds and yeasts, and PCA agar for halophilic bacterias. Moisture was determined by gravimetry, using an oven at 105° C. Results for molds and yeasts on pirarucu ranged <10 log CFU/g (absent) to 3 log CFU/g. For shrimp, values ranged <10 log CFU/g to 3.57 log CFU/g. For halophilic bacterias, contents ranged <10 log CFU/g to 6.30 log CFU/g in pirarucu samples and <10 log CFU/g to 6.97 log CFU/g in shrimp samples. The variation in moisture content ranged 36.99 to 54.31% for pirarucu, and 40.6 to 56.82% for shrimp. The results obtained may be related to poor hygienic conditions in processing, the lack of hygiene of utensils and places for handling, or even the quality of the raw material used.
{"title":"Hygienic and sanitary characteristics of dry salted fish marketed in Porto Velho city, Rondônia – Brazil","authors":"R. B. Pontuschka, Analice Timoteo de Araujo, Mayline Álex Contes da Silva, J. V. Dantas Filho, R. P. Marmentini, S. V. Schons, J. Cavali","doi":"10.21708/avb.2022.16.3.10747","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21708/avb.2022.16.3.10747","url":null,"abstract":"Handcrafted salted fish is marketed weekly in retail markets and public fairs in the Porto Velho city, Rondônia sate, Brazil. Knowing the microbiological quality of these products is essential for public health, given that such products are not subject to any quality control. The aimed of the study was to evaluate the hygienic-sanitary characteristics and the moisture content of pirarucu and salted and dried shrimp marketed in the Porto Velho city. Twenty samples were collected, 10 pirarucu and 10 shrimp, in February and June 2019. For microbiological analysis, surface plating was performed using acidified potato agar, for molds and yeasts, and PCA agar for halophilic bacterias. Moisture was determined by gravimetry, using an oven at 105° C. Results for molds and yeasts on pirarucu ranged <10 log CFU/g (absent) to 3 log CFU/g. For shrimp, values ranged <10 log CFU/g to 3.57 log CFU/g. For halophilic bacterias, contents ranged <10 log CFU/g to 6.30 log CFU/g in pirarucu samples and <10 log CFU/g to 6.97 log CFU/g in shrimp samples. The variation in moisture content ranged 36.99 to 54.31% for pirarucu, and 40.6 to 56.82% for shrimp. The results obtained may be related to poor hygienic conditions in processing, the lack of hygiene of utensils and places for handling, or even the quality of the raw material used.","PeriodicalId":38626,"journal":{"name":"Acta Veterinaria Brasilica","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-08-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43823213","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-08-16DOI: 10.21708/avb.2022.16.3.10821
J. Cavali, Reginaldo da Silva Francisco, J. V. Dantas Filho, R. B. Pontuschka, Tiago Lucena da Silva, Rodrigo Vieira Alves Amaral
The aimed of this study was to determine proximal composition, fatty acid profile, omegas and lipid quality in the tambaqui (Colossoma macropomum) in “flatted cut”, produced and commercializeded by Rondônia state, Brazil. Three pieces of flatted tambaqui were collected from 40 fish weighing 1.10 ± 0.10 kg. Proximal composition were determined by AOAC Official method 969.23 and 968.08. The fatty acids were grouped to calculate ratio ∑PUFAs/∑SFAs and proportion ∑PUFAs (n-6/n-3), atherogenicity index (AI) were calculated, thrombogenicity index (TI), and ratio between hypocholesterolemic and hypercholesterolemic fatty acids (HH). Were found 1.06 g/100g of mineral matter, 17.64 g/100g of crude protein, 5.74 g/100g of lipids, 75 .54 g/100g of moisture and 122.22 kcal/100g of caloric value. Lipid composition 39.425% of SFAs, 43.518% of MUFAs and 17.057% of PUFAs. It also presented ∑PUFAs/∑SFAs ratios of 2.31 and ∑PUFAs (n-6/n-3) of 3.78. As AI of 0.44, TI of 0.92 and HH of 2.02. Tambaqui meat of 1.10 ± 0.10 kg in flatted cut contains good proximal contents, with high protein content and excellent lipid content, being considered a low-fat meat, with low moisture content and low caloric value and rich in minerals. It can also be considered a good source of MUFAs and PUFAs, especially n-3 and n-6, with high nutritional value, in addition to essential fatty acids, ALA, AA, DHA and EPA, which were crucial to provide good levels of lipid quality.
{"title":"Proximal composition, fatty acid profile, omegas and lipid quality in the tambaqui (Colossoma macropomum Cuvier, 1818) (Serrasalmidae) in “flatted cut”","authors":"J. Cavali, Reginaldo da Silva Francisco, J. V. Dantas Filho, R. B. Pontuschka, Tiago Lucena da Silva, Rodrigo Vieira Alves Amaral","doi":"10.21708/avb.2022.16.3.10821","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21708/avb.2022.16.3.10821","url":null,"abstract":"The aimed of this study was to determine proximal composition, fatty acid profile, omegas and lipid quality in the tambaqui (Colossoma macropomum) in “flatted cut”, produced and commercializeded by Rondônia state, Brazil. Three pieces of flatted tambaqui were collected from 40 fish weighing 1.10 ± 0.10 kg. Proximal composition were determined by AOAC Official method 969.23 and 968.08. The fatty acids were grouped to calculate ratio ∑PUFAs/∑SFAs and proportion ∑PUFAs (n-6/n-3), atherogenicity index (AI) were calculated, thrombogenicity index (TI), and ratio between hypocholesterolemic and hypercholesterolemic fatty acids (HH). Were found 1.06 g/100g of mineral matter, 17.64 g/100g of crude protein, 5.74 g/100g of lipids, 75 .54 g/100g of moisture and 122.22 kcal/100g of caloric value. Lipid composition 39.425% of SFAs, 43.518% of MUFAs and 17.057% of PUFAs. It also presented ∑PUFAs/∑SFAs ratios of 2.31 and ∑PUFAs (n-6/n-3) of 3.78. As AI of 0.44, TI of 0.92 and HH of 2.02. Tambaqui meat of 1.10 ± 0.10 kg in flatted cut contains good proximal contents, with high protein content and excellent lipid content, being considered a low-fat meat, with low moisture content and low caloric value and rich in minerals. It can also be considered a good source of MUFAs and PUFAs, especially n-3 and n-6, with high nutritional value, in addition to essential fatty acids, ALA, AA, DHA and EPA, which were crucial to provide good levels of lipid quality.","PeriodicalId":38626,"journal":{"name":"Acta Veterinaria Brasilica","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-08-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45910430","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-08-16DOI: 10.21708/avb.2022.16.3.10440
Artur Bibiano de Vasconcelos, Danilo Alves de França, M. N. Ferreira, Dayane Kelly Gomes de Oliveira Araújo, Catarina Bibiano de Vasconcelos, K. Silva
Salmonellosis is a disease that worries poultry farmers and can seriously impact the food safety of the population that consumes products of animal origin. The present study sought to detect the presence of Salmonella spp. in eggs intended for consumption from family poultry farms in municipalities of Alagoas State. The study was carried out from eight farms, where the sample from each farm was obtained by making pools of shell and internal contents of six randomly selected eggs. The pools were submitted to microbiological culture and the colonies were characterized and evaluated by means of laboratory tests. To this end, 50% (4/8) of the shell samples and 75% (6/8) of the internal contents of the eggs were positive for Salmonella spp. In addition, Klebsiella pneumoniae 12.5% (1/8) and Proteus spp. 25% (2/8) were found in the shell samples, and Yersinia spp. 12.5% (1/8) in the internal contents of the eggs. Salmonella spp. and other enterobacteria were confirmed to occur in eggs intended for consumption. The way the birds were raised did not seem to have a significant influence on the results obtained, and the presence of passerines on the farms may have contributed to the existence of bacteria there. Being aware of the risk to public health that some of these bacteria can present, it is necessary to take decisions that support the small producer in search of food safety for all.
{"title":"Detection of Salmonella spp. in eggs for human consumption from poultry farms in municipalities of Alagoas State, Brazil","authors":"Artur Bibiano de Vasconcelos, Danilo Alves de França, M. N. Ferreira, Dayane Kelly Gomes de Oliveira Araújo, Catarina Bibiano de Vasconcelos, K. Silva","doi":"10.21708/avb.2022.16.3.10440","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21708/avb.2022.16.3.10440","url":null,"abstract":"Salmonellosis is a disease that worries poultry farmers and can seriously impact the food safety of the population that consumes products of animal origin. The present study sought to detect the presence of Salmonella spp. in eggs intended for consumption from family poultry farms in municipalities of Alagoas State. The study was carried out from eight farms, where the sample from each farm was obtained by making pools of shell and internal contents of six randomly selected eggs. The pools were submitted to microbiological culture and the colonies were characterized and evaluated by means of laboratory tests. To this end, 50% (4/8) of the shell samples and 75% (6/8) of the internal contents of the eggs were positive for Salmonella spp. In addition, Klebsiella pneumoniae 12.5% (1/8) and Proteus spp. 25% (2/8) were found in the shell samples, and Yersinia spp. 12.5% (1/8) in the internal contents of the eggs. Salmonella spp. and other enterobacteria were confirmed to occur in eggs intended for consumption. The way the birds were raised did not seem to have a significant influence on the results obtained, and the presence of passerines on the farms may have contributed to the existence of bacteria there. Being aware of the risk to public health that some of these bacteria can present, it is necessary to take decisions that support the small producer in search of food safety for all.","PeriodicalId":38626,"journal":{"name":"Acta Veterinaria Brasilica","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-08-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41466404","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-08-16DOI: 10.21708/avb.2022.16.3.10717
K. Filgueira, M. C. Chalita, F. P. Sellera, Archivaldo Reche-Júnior
It is estimated that a quarter of all feline neoplasms affect the integumentary system. Cytological examination is of admirable importance for detection of neoplasms in companion animals, being considered a simple and non-invasive method. To date, there are limited information regarding the prevalence of feline skin cancer as well as the use of cytopathology as a diagnostic tool. In this sense, the study aimed to characterize cutaneous and subcutaneous tumors in 192 cats from the archives of a private clinic in São Paulo-SP, Brazil, specialized in the care of felines. Data regarding the animal (breed definition, sex, and age group) and tumor characteristics (biological behavior, cytomorphological category of neoplasm, and cytological suggestion for neoplasm) were obtained in a five-year period. A 95% confidence interval (CI) was estimated to verify the statistical difference between the animal and tumor characteristics. The chi-square test was carried out to verify the association between the tumor biological behavior and animal variables, as well as other tumor characteristics. Most cats were mixed breed and aged 11 to 15 years. Malignant tumors were predominant. A statistical association was observed between cytomorphological category of neoplasm and biological behavior (p<0.001). Mesenchymal (24.5%) and epithelial tumors (25%) presented the highest frequency among those benign and malignant, respectively. The cytological suggestion for neoplasm was also statistically associated with biological behavior (p<0.001). The highest percentage of occurrence of benign and malignant tumors consisted of lipomas (22.9%) and sarcomas (19.3%), respectively.
{"title":"Cytopathology of cutaneous and subcutaneous neoplasms in feline species: a retrospective study","authors":"K. Filgueira, M. C. Chalita, F. P. Sellera, Archivaldo Reche-Júnior","doi":"10.21708/avb.2022.16.3.10717","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21708/avb.2022.16.3.10717","url":null,"abstract":"It is estimated that a quarter of all feline neoplasms affect the integumentary system. Cytological examination is of admirable importance for detection of neoplasms in companion animals, being considered a simple and non-invasive method. To date, there are limited information regarding the prevalence of feline skin cancer as well as the use of cytopathology as a diagnostic tool. In this sense, the study aimed to characterize cutaneous and subcutaneous tumors in 192 cats from the archives of a private clinic in São Paulo-SP, Brazil, specialized in the care of felines. Data regarding the animal (breed definition, sex, and age group) and tumor characteristics (biological behavior, cytomorphological category of neoplasm, and cytological suggestion for neoplasm) were obtained in a five-year period. A 95% confidence interval (CI) was estimated to verify the statistical difference between the animal and tumor characteristics. The chi-square test was carried out to verify the association between the tumor biological behavior and animal variables, as well as other tumor characteristics. Most cats were mixed breed and aged 11 to 15 years. Malignant tumors were predominant. A statistical association was observed between cytomorphological category of neoplasm and biological behavior (p<0.001). Mesenchymal (24.5%) and epithelial tumors (25%) presented the highest frequency among those benign and malignant, respectively. The cytological suggestion for neoplasm was also statistically associated with biological behavior (p<0.001). The highest percentage of occurrence of benign and malignant tumors consisted of lipomas (22.9%) and sarcomas (19.3%), respectively.","PeriodicalId":38626,"journal":{"name":"Acta Veterinaria Brasilica","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-08-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41387480","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-08-16DOI: 10.21708/avb.2022.16.3.10790
J. Cavali, Reginaldo da Silva Francisco, J. V. Dantas Filho, R. B. Pontuschka, Tiago Lucena da Silva, Rodrigo Vieira Alves Amaral
This study aimed to determine the mineral composition, fatty acid profile, omegas and lipid quality indexes in the visceral fat residues of tambaqui (C. macropomum). Three pieces of visceral fat were collected from 20 fish weighing 1.10 ± 0.10 kg, which were homogenized and sent for compositional analysis. Minerals were determined by AOAC Official method 969.23 and 968.08. The fatty acids were grouped to calculate the ∑PUFAs/∑SFAs fatty acids ratio and the proportion of polyunsaturated fatty acids ∑PUFAs (n-6/n-3), atherogenicity indixes (AI) were calculated, thrombogenicity (TI), and ratio between hypocholesterolemic and hypercholesterolemic fatty acids (HH). Mineral elements were found, 0.68 ± 0.015 mg/100g of total iron, 159.16 ± 14.32 mg/100g of Na+, 63.90 ± 5.11 mg/100g of K+, 10.28 ± 0. 62 mg/100g of Ca2+and 7.31 ± 0.58 mg/100g of Mg2+. As for fatty acids, 40.10% of SFAs, 38.10% of MUFAs and 21.80% of PUFAs. The calculations indicated significant values of omegas, 3, 6, 7 and n-7. There were ∑PUFAs/∑SFAs ratios of 1.84 and ∑PUFAs(n-6/n-3) of 6.22, with an AI of 0.50 and a TI of 0.93 and HH of 2.16. The 1.0 ± 0.10 kg tambaqui visceral fat residues can be evaluated as having high nutritional value, in addition to being a viable option for oil extraction and inclusion in animal feed.
{"title":"Mineral composition, omegas and lipid quality in the visceral fat residues of tambaqui (Colossoma macropomum Cuvier, 1818)","authors":"J. Cavali, Reginaldo da Silva Francisco, J. V. Dantas Filho, R. B. Pontuschka, Tiago Lucena da Silva, Rodrigo Vieira Alves Amaral","doi":"10.21708/avb.2022.16.3.10790","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21708/avb.2022.16.3.10790","url":null,"abstract":"This study aimed to determine the mineral composition, fatty acid profile, omegas and lipid quality indexes in the visceral fat residues of tambaqui (C. macropomum). Three pieces of visceral fat were collected from 20 fish weighing 1.10 ± 0.10 kg, which were homogenized and sent for compositional analysis. Minerals were determined by AOAC Official method 969.23 and 968.08. The fatty acids were grouped to calculate the ∑PUFAs/∑SFAs fatty acids ratio and the proportion of polyunsaturated fatty acids ∑PUFAs (n-6/n-3), atherogenicity indixes (AI) were calculated, thrombogenicity (TI), and ratio between hypocholesterolemic and hypercholesterolemic fatty acids (HH). Mineral elements were found, 0.68 ± 0.015 mg/100g of total iron, 159.16 ± 14.32 mg/100g of Na+, 63.90 ± 5.11 mg/100g of K+, 10.28 ± 0. 62 mg/100g of Ca2+and 7.31 ± 0.58 mg/100g of Mg2+. As for fatty acids, 40.10% of SFAs, 38.10% of MUFAs and 21.80% of PUFAs. The calculations indicated significant values of omegas, 3, 6, 7 and n-7. There were ∑PUFAs/∑SFAs ratios of 1.84 and ∑PUFAs(n-6/n-3) of 6.22, with an AI of 0.50 and a TI of 0.93 and HH of 2.16. The 1.0 ± 0.10 kg tambaqui visceral fat residues can be evaluated as having high nutritional value, in addition to being a viable option for oil extraction and inclusion in animal feed.","PeriodicalId":38626,"journal":{"name":"Acta Veterinaria Brasilica","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-08-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41854997","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-05-20DOI: 10.21708/avb.2022.16.2.10310
C. S. Coelho, T. D. Sodré, M. D. Freitas, L. Moroz, T. L. Nunes, T. Peixoto, P. V. Leal
Rabies is an acute, progressive, and fatal encephalomyelitis caused by a Lyssavirus. Horses affected by the disease may be a source of infection for humans. A rapid diagnosis is crucial to initiate a prompt and adequate infection control and public health measures. This manuscript reports the case of a 4-year-old gelding, 370 kg, healthy and routinely used for veterinary teaching purposes that developed rabies although vaccinated against it. Clinical signs included lameness, ataxia, muscle tremors, decubitus and pedalling, progressive paralysis, profuse salivation, teeth grinding, and whinnying. After 4 days, the animal was euthanised and definitive diagnosis was achieved through an animal inoculation test which was positive. Complementary findings included encephalomyelitis with perivascular cuffs and identification of Negri bodies in various areas of the brain.
{"title":"Rabies in a previously vaccinated horse: case report","authors":"C. S. Coelho, T. D. Sodré, M. D. Freitas, L. Moroz, T. L. Nunes, T. Peixoto, P. V. Leal","doi":"10.21708/avb.2022.16.2.10310","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21708/avb.2022.16.2.10310","url":null,"abstract":"Rabies is an acute, progressive, and fatal encephalomyelitis caused by a Lyssavirus. Horses affected by the disease may be a source of infection for humans. A rapid diagnosis is crucial to initiate a prompt and adequate infection control and public health measures. This manuscript reports the case of a 4-year-old gelding, 370 kg, healthy and routinely used for veterinary teaching purposes that developed rabies although vaccinated against it. Clinical signs included lameness, ataxia, muscle tremors, decubitus and pedalling, progressive paralysis, profuse salivation, teeth grinding, and whinnying. After 4 days, the animal was euthanised and definitive diagnosis was achieved through an animal inoculation test which was positive. Complementary findings included encephalomyelitis with perivascular cuffs and identification of Negri bodies in various areas of the brain.","PeriodicalId":38626,"journal":{"name":"Acta Veterinaria Brasilica","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-05-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43761927","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-05-20DOI: 10.21708/avb.2022.16.2.10648
Bruna Pereira Nunes, Marina Gabriela Ferreira Prado, Luciene Maria Martinello Romão, F. Romão
Nowadays, congestive heart failure is one of the major complications of heart disease in small animals, which is characterized by a clinical condition in which the heart is unable to eject the blood efficiently. At long term, some compensatory mechanisms it will eventually become detrimental and, mainly, due to the congestion caused by it. In dogs, the main cause of CHF is chronic mitral valve degeneration, it is responsible for the degeneration of collagen present in the mitral valve structure that will have detrimental consequences on the entire circulatory system. The aim of the present study was to perform a retrospective study of 498 echocardiographic reports collected at a veterinary cardiology service of the Bauru region, from January 2017 to June 2019. Two groups were formed according to the Doppler echocardiographic alterations found, one that included animals with characteristics of congestive heart failure (CHF), and the other formed by non-CHF patients. Of the total number of animals evaluated, 61 were classified as affected by congestive heart failure and after classification, it was considered the main epidemiological factors (race, sex and age) of animals belonging to this group. Small breed animals were overrepresented and also elderly animals, with no apparent sexual predisposition. In addition, animals with CHF presented higher values when compared to animals without CHF of LA/Ao ratio (2.31 ± 0.30 vs. 1.46 ± 0.35), E/IRTV ratio (2.96 ± 0.39 vs. 1.16 ± 0.43) and E-wave velocity (1.45 m/s ± 0.18 vs. 0.75 m/s ± 0.22) on echocardiographic examination.
目前，充血性心力衰竭是小动物心脏病的主要并发症之一，其临床特征是心脏不能有效地排出血液。从长期来看，一些代偿机制最终会变得有害，主要是由于它造成的拥堵。在狗身上，CHF的主要原因是慢性二尖瓣变性，它是导致二尖瓣结构中胶原蛋白变性的原因，这将对整个循环系统产生有害后果。本研究的目的是对2017年1月至2019年6月在鲍鲁地区兽医心脏病学服务收集的498份超声心动图报告进行回顾性研究。根据发现的多普勒超声心动图改变组成两组，一组包括充血性心力衰竭(CHF)特征的动物，另一组由非CHF患者组成。在评估的动物总数中，有61只被分类为充血性心力衰竭，分类后认为这是属于这一组动物的主要流行病学因素(种族、性别和年龄)。小品种动物和老年动物的比例过高，没有明显的性倾向。超声心动图LA/Ao比值(2.31±0.30 vs. 1.46±0.35)、E/IRTV比值(2.96±0.39 vs. 1.16±0.43)和E波速度(1.45 m/s±0.18 vs. 0.75 m/s±0.22)均高于非CHF动物。
{"title":"Main risk factors of dogs with congestive heart failure diagnosed by doppler echocardiographic parameters","authors":"Bruna Pereira Nunes, Marina Gabriela Ferreira Prado, Luciene Maria Martinello Romão, F. Romão","doi":"10.21708/avb.2022.16.2.10648","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21708/avb.2022.16.2.10648","url":null,"abstract":"Nowadays, congestive heart failure is one of the major complications of heart disease in small animals, which is characterized by a clinical condition in which the heart is unable to eject the blood efficiently. At long term, some compensatory mechanisms it will eventually become detrimental and, mainly, due to the congestion caused by it. In dogs, the main cause of CHF is chronic mitral valve degeneration, it is responsible for the degeneration of collagen present in the mitral valve structure that will have detrimental consequences on the entire circulatory system. The aim of the present study was to perform a retrospective study of 498 echocardiographic reports collected at a veterinary cardiology service of the Bauru region, from January 2017 to June 2019. Two groups were formed according to the Doppler echocardiographic alterations found, one that included animals with characteristics of congestive heart failure (CHF), and the other formed by non-CHF patients. Of the total number of animals evaluated, 61 were classified as affected by congestive heart failure and after classification, it was considered the main epidemiological factors (race, sex and age) of animals belonging to this group. Small breed animals were overrepresented and also elderly animals, with no apparent sexual predisposition. In addition, animals with CHF presented higher values when compared to animals without CHF of LA/Ao ratio (2.31 ± 0.30 vs. 1.46 ± 0.35), E/IRTV ratio (2.96 ± 0.39 vs. 1.16 ± 0.43) and E-wave velocity (1.45 m/s ± 0.18 vs. 0.75 m/s ± 0.22) on echocardiographic examination.","PeriodicalId":38626,"journal":{"name":"Acta Veterinaria Brasilica","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-05-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41846748","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-05-20DOI: 10.21708/avb.2022.16.2.10822
Maria Eduarda Marques Soutelino, Matheus Dias Valle, Catharine Porto Feres, Luiz Filipe Cabral de Souza Ramos, M. G. Chenard, I. M. Cunha, Marcos Antônio Aguiar Júnior, M. A. Helayel
The Brazilian dairy sector is important for the world agricultural production; however, it presents problems in production efficiency and milk quality, since the occurrence of mastitis in the herds can reach 47%. The present study analyzed data from a rural property with 100 lactating cows in a semi-intensive breeding system, which did not adopt adequate hygiene management for milking processes. Corrective measures were proposed, such as daily strip cup test, biweekly California Mastitis Test, formation of a new milking line, and daily pre dipping and post dipping and cleaning of teat cups. Milk samples from 10 animals with positive clinical mastitis, 10 animals with positive subclinical mastitis, and from the cooling tank were collected at one day before and 90 days after the implementation of the proposed measures and sent to a laboratory for analysis of somatic cell counting (SCC) and total bacteria counting (TBC). An increase of 17% in milk production and decreases of 64% and 40% in clinical and subclinical mastitis, respectively, were found after 90 days, with a consequent decrease in SCC and TBC. The milking duration after this period denoted an adaptation of the employees to the new procedures. The production financial yield was calculated based on the implementation costs of the adopted adequations and increases in milk production, representing a profitability increase of 10.4%. The implemented adequations were efficient for the control of mastitis and increase in milk yield and quality, resulting in a positive economic return.
{"title":"Economic and production aspects of milking management in dairy farming","authors":"Maria Eduarda Marques Soutelino, Matheus Dias Valle, Catharine Porto Feres, Luiz Filipe Cabral de Souza Ramos, M. G. Chenard, I. M. Cunha, Marcos Antônio Aguiar Júnior, M. A. Helayel","doi":"10.21708/avb.2022.16.2.10822","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21708/avb.2022.16.2.10822","url":null,"abstract":"The Brazilian dairy sector is important for the world agricultural production; however, it presents problems in production efficiency and milk quality, since the occurrence of mastitis in the herds can reach 47%. The present study analyzed data from a rural property with 100 lactating cows in a semi-intensive breeding system, which did not adopt adequate hygiene management for milking processes. Corrective measures were proposed, such as daily strip cup test, biweekly California Mastitis Test, formation of a new milking line, and daily pre dipping and post dipping and cleaning of teat cups. Milk samples from 10 animals with positive clinical mastitis, 10 animals with positive subclinical mastitis, and from the cooling tank were collected at one day before and 90 days after the implementation of the proposed measures and sent to a laboratory for analysis of somatic cell counting (SCC) and total bacteria counting (TBC). An increase of 17% in milk production and decreases of 64% and 40% in clinical and subclinical mastitis, respectively, were found after 90 days, with a consequent decrease in SCC and TBC. The milking duration after this period denoted an adaptation of the employees to the new procedures. The production financial yield was calculated based on the implementation costs of the adopted adequations and increases in milk production, representing a profitability increase of 10.4%. The implemented adequations were efficient for the control of mastitis and increase in milk yield and quality, resulting in a positive economic return.","PeriodicalId":38626,"journal":{"name":"Acta Veterinaria Brasilica","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-05-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43983228","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-05-20DOI: 10.21708/avb.2022.16.2.10490
Dalvane Di Domenico, M. S. Oliveira, Gabriela Garbossa, G. R. Thomaz, A. C. Abreu, Carolina Rodrigues Depaoli, M. Ornaghi, O. F. Stuani, H. G. Bertagnon
As mycotoxins are consistent contaminants in the dairy cow diet, the use of adsorbents is recommended, although there are no ideal adsorbents. Although there are studies on this subject, few have focused on chronic natural intoxications. Here, we evaluated the effect of bentonite adsorbents associated with liver antioxidants on the health and milk production of dairy cows fed a diet containing naturally-produced fumonisin, zearalenone, and deoxynivalenol. Eighteen dairy cows (bodyweight 550 ±50 kg, 5 ± 2 years old, and 30 ± 1,25 kg/day milk production) in the middle of lactation were divided into groups: treatment (TG, n = 9, 22 g/day of supplement added to diet) and control (CG, n = 9, without supplement). A physical examination was performed, weekly over 56 days and blood was collected for liver and immune assessments. Milk was harvested to evaluate milk production and content (fat protein, somatic cell count, and lactose). The additive promoted beneficial effects on the liver from the 24th day due to a decrease in the enzymatic activities of gamma-glutamyltransferase and lactate dehydrogenase and increased serum protein and albumin levels. There were improvements in health, evidenced as fewer clinical manifestations of the disease, greater leukocyte oxidative metabolism capacity, and a lower neutrophil lymphocytes ratio. The treatment also promoted a 19% increase in milk volume. It was concluded that the additive promoted health benefits and milk production in dairy cows.
{"title":"Influence of bentonite adsorbents associated with hepatic antioxidants on the health and production of dairy cows fed diets containing naturally produced mycotoxins","authors":"Dalvane Di Domenico, M. S. Oliveira, Gabriela Garbossa, G. R. Thomaz, A. C. Abreu, Carolina Rodrigues Depaoli, M. Ornaghi, O. F. Stuani, H. G. Bertagnon","doi":"10.21708/avb.2022.16.2.10490","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21708/avb.2022.16.2.10490","url":null,"abstract":"As mycotoxins are consistent contaminants in the dairy cow diet, the use of adsorbents is recommended, although there are no ideal adsorbents. Although there are studies on this subject, few have focused on chronic natural intoxications. Here, we evaluated the effect of bentonite adsorbents associated with liver antioxidants on the health and milk production of dairy cows fed a diet containing naturally-produced fumonisin, zearalenone, and deoxynivalenol. Eighteen dairy cows (bodyweight 550 ±50 kg, 5 ± 2 years old, and 30 ± 1,25 kg/day milk production) in the middle of lactation were divided into groups: treatment (TG, n = 9, 22 g/day of supplement added to diet) and control (CG, n = 9, without supplement). A physical examination was performed, weekly over 56 days and blood was collected for liver and immune assessments. Milk was harvested to evaluate milk production and content (fat protein, somatic cell count, and lactose). The additive promoted beneficial effects on the liver from the 24th day due to a decrease in the enzymatic activities of gamma-glutamyltransferase and lactate dehydrogenase and increased serum protein and albumin levels. There were improvements in health, evidenced as fewer clinical manifestations of the disease, greater leukocyte oxidative metabolism capacity, and a lower neutrophil lymphocytes ratio. The treatment also promoted a 19% increase in milk volume. It was concluded that the additive promoted health benefits and milk production in dairy cows.","PeriodicalId":38626,"journal":{"name":"Acta Veterinaria Brasilica","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-05-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48945645","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-05-20DOI: 10.21708/avb.2022.16.2.10342
Joice Maria Bazerla Andreta, Luiz Henrique Garcia da Silva, Matheus Runyan Belotto, C. M. Mansano, H. A. Netto, Anelise Ribeiro Peres
The reproductive biotechnologies directly assist in the development of different methods of reproductive evaluation. The objective of this study was to develop a new method to determine the estrous cycle phase in equine females through vaginal cytology throughout the seasons, as well as to establish an estimate of inflammatory cells present in the vagina. Six mares were evaluated at different ages without a defined breed and reproductive activity and were subjected to ultrasound evaluation of the reproductive system and cytological analysis of the vaginal region. In the summer, there was a predominance of keratinized epithelial cells in the estrus and intermediate in the diestrus. In the autumn, there was a predominance of keratinized cells in estrus and parabasal cells in estrus and diestrus. In anestrus (winter), a greater number of parabasal cells was identified in relation to the other cell types. In estrus (spring), there was a predominance of parabasal and intermediate cells. Conversely, in diestrus, parabasals were found in greater numbers. The evaluation of inflammatory cells of the vaginal epithelium of mares showed greater activity in the summer; however, there are no reference values for healthy animals in the literature, and it is necessary to conduct studies on the subject. It is concluded that there is an influence of cyclicity on the vaginal epithelium of the equine species, varying according to the season. Additionally, vaginal cytological evaluation is an important complementary tool in the diagnosis of vaginitis in mares, requiring further research on the subject.
{"title":"Vaginal cytology in mares in the different stages of the estral cycle associated with the seasons of the year","authors":"Joice Maria Bazerla Andreta, Luiz Henrique Garcia da Silva, Matheus Runyan Belotto, C. M. Mansano, H. A. Netto, Anelise Ribeiro Peres","doi":"10.21708/avb.2022.16.2.10342","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21708/avb.2022.16.2.10342","url":null,"abstract":"The reproductive biotechnologies directly assist in the development of different methods of reproductive evaluation. The objective of this study was to develop a new method to determine the estrous cycle phase in equine females through vaginal cytology throughout the seasons, as well as to establish an estimate of inflammatory cells present in the vagina. Six mares were evaluated at different ages without a defined breed and reproductive activity and were subjected to ultrasound evaluation of the reproductive system and cytological analysis of the vaginal region. In the summer, there was a predominance of keratinized epithelial cells in the estrus and intermediate in the diestrus. In the autumn, there was a predominance of keratinized cells in estrus and parabasal cells in estrus and diestrus. In anestrus (winter), a greater number of parabasal cells was identified in relation to the other cell types. In estrus (spring), there was a predominance of parabasal and intermediate cells. Conversely, in diestrus, parabasals were found in greater numbers. The evaluation of inflammatory cells of the vaginal epithelium of mares showed greater activity in the summer; however, there are no reference values for healthy animals in the literature, and it is necessary to conduct studies on the subject. It is concluded that there is an influence of cyclicity on the vaginal epithelium of the equine species, varying according to the season. Additionally, vaginal cytological evaluation is an important complementary tool in the diagnosis of vaginitis in mares, requiring further research on the subject.","PeriodicalId":38626,"journal":{"name":"Acta Veterinaria Brasilica","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-05-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44291909","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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