Pub Date : 2022-10-02DOI: 10.1080/00947679.2022.2124756
Suzannah Evans Comfort, Lauren Ulrich
ABSTRACT While environmental degradation has long been a fact of American life, the environment did not become an integral part of American newsmaking until the late 1960s. Then, news organizations began assigning reporters to the environmental beat in the wake of increased public interest in environmental issues. This study examines the emergence of environmental journalism at the New York Times through analysis of the newspaper’s organizational archives, to reveal internal discussions about the newsworthiness of the environment, and a comparative analysis of coverage of two similar environmental controversies: first, a 1950s struggle over dam construction in a protected area, and second, a 1960s–70s effort to build a Disney ski resort in a national forest. It demonstrates how the newsworthiness of the environment changed as later stories were reported with more prominence, reporting depth, and narrative emphasis on ecology compared to recreation. Important figures within the Times who advocated for coverage of environmental issues, including publisher Arthur Hays Sulzberger and editorial page editor John B. Oakes, were less influential in promoting environmental news than the broader societal changes that gave rise to the American environmental movement in the 1960s.
{"title":"From Distant to Devastating: The Newsworthiness of Environmental Controversies at the New York Times, 1950s–1970s","authors":"Suzannah Evans Comfort, Lauren Ulrich","doi":"10.1080/00947679.2022.2124756","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/00947679.2022.2124756","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT While environmental degradation has long been a fact of American life, the environment did not become an integral part of American newsmaking until the late 1960s. Then, news organizations began assigning reporters to the environmental beat in the wake of increased public interest in environmental issues. This study examines the emergence of environmental journalism at the New York Times through analysis of the newspaper’s organizational archives, to reveal internal discussions about the newsworthiness of the environment, and a comparative analysis of coverage of two similar environmental controversies: first, a 1950s struggle over dam construction in a protected area, and second, a 1960s–70s effort to build a Disney ski resort in a national forest. It demonstrates how the newsworthiness of the environment changed as later stories were reported with more prominence, reporting depth, and narrative emphasis on ecology compared to recreation. Important figures within the Times who advocated for coverage of environmental issues, including publisher Arthur Hays Sulzberger and editorial page editor John B. Oakes, were less influential in promoting environmental news than the broader societal changes that gave rise to the American environmental movement in the 1960s.","PeriodicalId":38759,"journal":{"name":"Journalism history","volume":"48 1","pages":"349 - 364"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-10-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48412440","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-10-02DOI: 10.1080/00947679.2022.2125780
Gerry Lanosga, Alexia Little, Lillie M. Fears, Candi S. Carter Olson
ABSTRACT In anticipation of Journalism History’s fiftieth year of publication, the History Division of the Association for Education in Journalism and Mass Communication commissioned this audit of the journal’s content beginning with the first issue in 1974. A total of 727 research essays were coded for author demographics and focus on historical period and media type as well as various diversity factors. While the analysis showed an increasing research focus on gender and race/ethnicity, it revealed a dearth of scholarship examining disability and sexual orientation in historical context. In addition, it found a substantial gender gap in gender-related research, with nearly half of articles by women focused on gender versus less than 20% of articles by men. The discussion addresses implications and opportunities for future scholarship.
{"title":"Identifying Research Gaps and Opportunities as Journal’s Fiftieth Anniversary Nears","authors":"Gerry Lanosga, Alexia Little, Lillie M. Fears, Candi S. Carter Olson","doi":"10.1080/00947679.2022.2125780","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/00947679.2022.2125780","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT In anticipation of Journalism History’s fiftieth year of publication, the History Division of the Association for Education in Journalism and Mass Communication commissioned this audit of the journal’s content beginning with the first issue in 1974. A total of 727 research essays were coded for author demographics and focus on historical period and media type as well as various diversity factors. While the analysis showed an increasing research focus on gender and race/ethnicity, it revealed a dearth of scholarship examining disability and sexual orientation in historical context. In addition, it found a substantial gender gap in gender-related research, with nearly half of articles by women focused on gender versus less than 20% of articles by men. The discussion addresses implications and opportunities for future scholarship.","PeriodicalId":38759,"journal":{"name":"Journalism history","volume":"48 1","pages":"269 - 282"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-10-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44871166","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-10-02DOI: 10.1080/00947679.2022.2125775
P. Myers, L. Parcell
ABSTRACT Brothers John Harvey Kellogg and William Keith Kellogg understood the importance of public health concerns, particularly those relating to constipation, and of home economics and dietetics research. The Kellogg’s Corn Flake Company’s investment into home economics became integral to the brand itself and helped establish Kellogg’s as a leader in addressing the growing dietary health concerns of the early twentieth century and in the breakfast food industry. The Kellogg’s Corn Flake Company used “reason why” advertising appeals for its bran cereals to teach consumers about the connections between eating bran and health. While the campaigns changed over time, the main focus of eating bran to prevent constipation remained consistent. The company’s success today can clearly be traced back to its original efforts to address health concerns through advertisements that taught women how to use bran cereal as both a curative and preventative food for constipation and related symptoms. Perhaps more significantly, the Kellogg’s Company’s Home Economics Department influenced early dietary standards established by the government for both the American public and military.
摘要John Harvey Kellogg和William Keith Kellogg兄弟理解公共卫生问题的重要性，尤其是与便秘有关的问题，以及家政学和营养学研究的重要性。家乐氏玉米片公司对家政的投资成为该品牌本身不可或缺的一部分，并帮助家乐氏成为解决20世纪初日益严重的饮食健康问题和早餐食品行业的领导者。家乐氏玉米片公司（Kellogg's Corn Flake Company）利用其麸皮谷物广告的“理由”，向消费者传授食用麸皮与健康之间的联系。虽然运动随着时间的推移而改变，但吃麸皮预防便秘的主要重点仍然一致。该公司今天的成功显然可以追溯到其最初通过广告解决健康问题的努力，这些广告教会女性如何使用麸皮谷物作为治疗和预防便秘及相关症状的食物。也许更重要的是，凯洛格公司的家政部影响了政府为美国公众和军队制定的早期饮食标准。
{"title":"Beauty and the Bran: Kellogg’s Campaign to “Correct Faulty Elimination” and Conquer the Cereal Industry","authors":"P. Myers, L. Parcell","doi":"10.1080/00947679.2022.2125775","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/00947679.2022.2125775","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT Brothers John Harvey Kellogg and William Keith Kellogg understood the importance of public health concerns, particularly those relating to constipation, and of home economics and dietetics research. The Kellogg’s Corn Flake Company’s investment into home economics became integral to the brand itself and helped establish Kellogg’s as a leader in addressing the growing dietary health concerns of the early twentieth century and in the breakfast food industry. The Kellogg’s Corn Flake Company used “reason why” advertising appeals for its bran cereals to teach consumers about the connections between eating bran and health. While the campaigns changed over time, the main focus of eating bran to prevent constipation remained consistent. The company’s success today can clearly be traced back to its original efforts to address health concerns through advertisements that taught women how to use bran cereal as both a curative and preventative food for constipation and related symptoms. Perhaps more significantly, the Kellogg’s Company’s Home Economics Department influenced early dietary standards established by the government for both the American public and military.","PeriodicalId":38759,"journal":{"name":"Journalism history","volume":"48 1","pages":"324 - 348"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-10-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43518235","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-07-03DOI: 10.1080/00947679.2022.2088000
Alexia Little
ABSTRACT Following continued conflicts over Confederate monuments in American society, this study explores Civil War memory encapsulated in newspaper coverage of the initial construction and dedication of four Confederate monuments. Discourse and narrative analyses of 258 articles published in seven US newspapers in the 1890s and 1920s examine how the American public negotiated terms of heroes, victims, and villains, largely in a hegemonic “Lost Cause” myth that took primacy over fact, thus distorting collective memory of the war.
{"title":"Cementing Their Heroes: Historical Newspaper Coverage of Confederate Monuments","authors":"Alexia Little","doi":"10.1080/00947679.2022.2088000","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/00947679.2022.2088000","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT Following continued conflicts over Confederate monuments in American society, this study explores Civil War memory encapsulated in newspaper coverage of the initial construction and dedication of four Confederate monuments. Discourse and narrative analyses of 258 articles published in seven US newspapers in the 1890s and 1920s examine how the American public negotiated terms of heroes, victims, and villains, largely in a hegemonic “Lost Cause” myth that took primacy over fact, thus distorting collective memory of the war.","PeriodicalId":38759,"journal":{"name":"Journalism history","volume":"48 1","pages":"199 - 221"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-07-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43299369","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-07-03DOI: 10.1080/00947679.2022.2097515
Monique Freemon, L. Roessner
ABSTRACT This manuscript seeks to recover and properly recognize the public relations efforts of social justice crusader Daisy Gatson Bates (1914–99), the co-owner of the Arkansas State Press and a state-level NAACP organizer, during the early years of the civil rights movement. The purpose of this study is to intervene in the “Great (White) Man’s” account of public relations history by documenting the public relations tactics that Daisy Bates implemented in her advocacy campaign for school integration, analyzing the motivations behind her deployment of the tactics, and evaluating the successes and failures of her strategies. To engage in that endeavor, we analyzed available archival sources, including correspondence between Bates and the NAACP housed at the University of Arkansas and the Library of Congress. We also examined other primary sources, such as official records of the Associated Press, published memoirs of Bates and Melba Pattillo Beals, published editorials in the local Arkansas State Press, and newspaper coverage in White mainstream national news outlets and the Black press, including circulation leaders such as the New York Times and Chicago Defender.
{"title":"Our Forgotten Mother: Daisy Bates and Her School Integration Campaign","authors":"Monique Freemon, L. Roessner","doi":"10.1080/00947679.2022.2097515","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/00947679.2022.2097515","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT This manuscript seeks to recover and properly recognize the public relations efforts of social justice crusader Daisy Gatson Bates (1914–99), the co-owner of the Arkansas State Press and a state-level NAACP organizer, during the early years of the civil rights movement. The purpose of this study is to intervene in the “Great (White) Man’s” account of public relations history by documenting the public relations tactics that Daisy Bates implemented in her advocacy campaign for school integration, analyzing the motivations behind her deployment of the tactics, and evaluating the successes and failures of her strategies. To engage in that endeavor, we analyzed available archival sources, including correspondence between Bates and the NAACP housed at the University of Arkansas and the Library of Congress. We also examined other primary sources, such as official records of the Associated Press, published memoirs of Bates and Melba Pattillo Beals, published editorials in the local Arkansas State Press, and newspaper coverage in White mainstream national news outlets and the Black press, including circulation leaders such as the New York Times and Chicago Defender.","PeriodicalId":38759,"journal":{"name":"Journalism history","volume":"48 1","pages":"242 - 265"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-07-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45240149","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-07-03DOI: 10.1080/00947679.2022.2068321
Bailey Dick
{"title":"Saying the Quiet Part Loud: Applying a Trauma-Informed Lens to Media History Research","authors":"Bailey Dick","doi":"10.1080/00947679.2022.2068321","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/00947679.2022.2068321","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":38759,"journal":{"name":"Journalism history","volume":"48 1","pages":"192 - 194"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-07-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43620931","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-07-03DOI: 10.1080/00947679.2022.2068322
Wendy Melillo
{"title":"“Yellow Peril”: The Evolution of a Monstrous Stereotype","authors":"Wendy Melillo","doi":"10.1080/00947679.2022.2068322","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/00947679.2022.2068322","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":38759,"journal":{"name":"Journalism history","volume":"48 1","pages":"184 - 187"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-07-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45281035","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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