Pub Date : 2024-03-18DOI: 10.32802/asmscj.2023.1399
Nusairah Ramli, Hafizah Noor Isa, Ahmad Faizuddin Ramli, Ramli Awang
This research studies the statement about the splitting of the Moon into two as narrated by Quran & Hadith in accordance to scientific studies related to the subject. The author suggests that current scientific findings of the formation of the equatorial ridge on Iapetus differs from the Islamic classical scholars’ opinions are not in tandem regarding the splitting and fusing of the moon. This research also applies the methodology of hadith from the writings given from various narrations and hadith literature. The application of document analysis methodology is applied to current concepts by the geologists and astrophysicists on the formation of the equatorial ridge of Iapetus and the ice ridge in Antarctica. The findings establishes that the Iapetus equatorial ridge is a genuine existence that occurred, which split into two and fused back. This image was captured by the satellite sent to Saturn.
{"title":"Iapetus Equatorial Ridge: The Understanding from The Quran and The Hadith","authors":"Nusairah Ramli, Hafizah Noor Isa, Ahmad Faizuddin Ramli, Ramli Awang","doi":"10.32802/asmscj.2023.1399","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.32802/asmscj.2023.1399","url":null,"abstract":"This research studies the statement about the splitting of the Moon into two as narrated by Quran & Hadith in accordance to scientific studies related to the subject. The author suggests that current scientific findings of the formation of the equatorial ridge on Iapetus differs from the Islamic classical scholars’ opinions are not in tandem regarding the splitting and fusing of the moon. This research also applies the methodology of hadith from the writings given from various narrations and hadith literature. The application of document analysis methodology is applied to current concepts by the geologists and astrophysicists on the formation of the equatorial ridge of Iapetus and the ice ridge in Antarctica. The findings establishes that the Iapetus equatorial ridge is a genuine existence that occurred, which split into two and fused back. This image was captured by the satellite sent to Saturn.","PeriodicalId":38804,"journal":{"name":"ASM Science Journal","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-03-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140231171","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-02-27DOI: 10.32802/asmscj.2023.1517
Wey-Lim Wong, Shen-Yin Lim, Loo Keat Wei
Acute hepatopancreatic necrosis disease (AHPND) causes massive economic loss in shrimp culture sector. Eco-friendly feed additives, which can reduce antibiotic resistance in bacteria and antibiotic residues present in aquaculture products, have become popular in shrimp farming. These additives have proven to maintain a balance host gut microbiota in preventing pathogen infection. In the present study, gut microbiota of Litopenaeus vannamei, which had been administrated with different diets (probiotic: Bacillus B2; prebiotic: Gracilaria changii, G; and a combination of Bacillus B2 and G. changii, B2+G) and post-challenged with AHPND-causing Vibrio parahaemolyticus strain 3HP, was determined using the PCR-DGGE method. The results showed that the gut microbiota of L. vannamei was dominated by the phylum Proteobacteria. The abundance of Proteobacteria was higher in the B2+G and G treatment groups. High abundance of native gut microbiota, such as Proteobacteria might prevent the adhesion of virulent bacteria by competitive exclusion, and thus, reducing the chance of AHPND infection. Moreover, the shrimp from the B2+G treatment group with higher survival in the challenge tests possessed a higher diversity and species richness of gut microbiota. This suggests that higher diversity and species richness of beneficial gut microbiota probably interfering bacterial communication among the pathogens by either destructing or neutralising their quorum sensing signals. Consequently, this will prevent the colonisation of pathogens in the gut and resulted in a higher survival of the shrimp challenged with V. parahaemolyticus.
{"title":"Species Richness and Diversity of Gut Microbiota may Reduce AHPND in the Whiteleg Shrimp, Litopenaeus vannamei","authors":"Wey-Lim Wong, Shen-Yin Lim, Loo Keat Wei","doi":"10.32802/asmscj.2023.1517","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.32802/asmscj.2023.1517","url":null,"abstract":"Acute hepatopancreatic necrosis disease (AHPND) causes massive economic loss in shrimp culture sector. Eco-friendly feed additives, which can reduce antibiotic resistance in bacteria and antibiotic residues present in aquaculture products, have become popular in shrimp farming. These additives have proven to maintain a balance host gut microbiota in preventing pathogen infection. In the present study, gut microbiota of Litopenaeus vannamei, which had been administrated with different diets (probiotic: Bacillus B2; prebiotic: Gracilaria changii, G; and a combination of Bacillus B2 and G. changii, B2+G) and post-challenged with AHPND-causing Vibrio parahaemolyticus strain 3HP, was determined using the PCR-DGGE method. The results showed that the gut microbiota of L. vannamei was dominated by the phylum Proteobacteria. The abundance of Proteobacteria was higher in the B2+G and G treatment groups. High abundance of native gut microbiota, such as Proteobacteria might prevent the adhesion of virulent bacteria by competitive exclusion, and thus, reducing the chance of AHPND infection. Moreover, the shrimp from the B2+G treatment group with higher survival in the challenge tests possessed a higher diversity and species richness of gut microbiota. This suggests that higher diversity and species richness of beneficial gut microbiota probably interfering bacterial communication among the pathogens by either destructing or neutralising their quorum sensing signals. Consequently, this will prevent the colonisation of pathogens in the gut and resulted in a higher survival of the shrimp challenged with V. parahaemolyticus.","PeriodicalId":38804,"journal":{"name":"ASM Science Journal","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-02-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140425168","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-02-26DOI: 10.32802/asmscj.2023.1512
Nor Suhaila Mohamad Hanapi, W. N. Wan Ibrahim, Farahnaz Mohammad Anwar, N. Zaini, S. Kamaruzaman, A. L. Anis
Dispersive micro solid phase extraction (D-μ-SPE) method using Graphene Oxide (GO) for the extraction and pre-concentration of selected polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) from beverage samples prior to high-performance liquid chromatography - diode array detector (HPLC - DAD) is reported. Selected PAHs Fluorene (FLU) and Phenanthrene (PHE) were used as targeted analytes. An experimental design using Response Surface Methodology (RSM) and Box–Box–Behnken design (BBD) was performed to evaluate the interactive effects of three significant parameters: mass of sorbent, sample volume and extraction time. Under the optimum conditions, the method revealed good linearity (R2 = 0.9995 – 0.9998) over a concentration range of 0.5 – 5.0 mg L-1. The limit of detection (LOD) was in the range of 0.03 – 0.24 mg L-1 with satisfactory relative recoveries (81 – 99 %) and good relative standard deviation (RSD) of ≤ 3.80 % (n = 3). The method was successfully applied to tea, coffee, and milk samples and proved to be a simple, rapid, and reliable method with good extraction efficiencies for the detection of PAHs in beverage samples.
{"title":"Trace Determination of Phenanthrene and Fluorene in Beverages Using D-μ-SPE and Liquid Chromatography Analysis","authors":"Nor Suhaila Mohamad Hanapi, W. N. Wan Ibrahim, Farahnaz Mohammad Anwar, N. Zaini, S. Kamaruzaman, A. L. Anis","doi":"10.32802/asmscj.2023.1512","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.32802/asmscj.2023.1512","url":null,"abstract":"Dispersive micro solid phase extraction (D-μ-SPE) method using Graphene Oxide (GO) for the extraction and pre-concentration of selected polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) from beverage samples prior to high-performance liquid chromatography - diode array detector (HPLC - DAD) is reported. Selected PAHs Fluorene (FLU) and Phenanthrene (PHE) were used as targeted analytes. An experimental design using Response Surface Methodology (RSM) and Box–Box–Behnken design (BBD) was performed to evaluate the interactive effects of three significant parameters: mass of sorbent, sample volume and extraction time. Under the optimum conditions, the method revealed good linearity (R2 = 0.9995 – 0.9998) over a concentration range of 0.5 – 5.0 mg L-1. The limit of detection (LOD) was in the range of 0.03 – 0.24 mg L-1 with satisfactory relative recoveries (81 – 99 %) and good relative standard deviation (RSD) of ≤ 3.80 % (n = 3). The method was successfully applied to tea, coffee, and milk samples and proved to be a simple, rapid, and reliable method with good extraction efficiencies for the detection of PAHs in beverage samples.","PeriodicalId":38804,"journal":{"name":"ASM Science Journal","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-02-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140430299","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-02-23DOI: 10.32802/asmscj.2023.1617
Chee Keong Ch'ng, Xiong Zheng Leong
Lean manufacturing is the optimal way of producing goods through the removal of waste and implementing flow, as opposed to batch processing. Many factories have transformed to align with the goal of lean manufacturing by minimising the resources of factories, such as less worker effort, less time and many more to lead to high efficiency towards good product quality and become highly responsive to customer demand. The condition of product and machinery, arrangement of inventory and equipment, the standard operation procedure of work and workers' safety awareness are the dominant elements in the leaf spring manufacturing process. Due to the crucial role that leaf springs play in the performance and safety of vehicles, it is crucial to eradicate any flaws in the designing and manufacturing processes. This study focuses on 5 core criteria, which are workers, time, safety, machines, and products that need to be enhanced. In the subgroup, each pair of sub-criteria will be compared regarding their importance with respect to each criterion. Analytical Hierarchy Process (AHP) is proposed to rank and aggregate the criteria based on their level of importance. The outcome of AHP showed that Safety (0.233) and Time (0.281) were the prominent criteria that need to be prioritised. Wear Personal Protective Equipment (PPE) (0.394), First Aid (0.324), Die and Pin (0.347), and Forklift Deliver (0.368) are the sub-criteria for safety and time. As a result, prompt and precise actions are needed to increase the quality and reliability of the product.
{"title":"Application of Multi-Criteria Decision-Making in Leaf Spring Manufacturing’s Performance","authors":"Chee Keong Ch'ng, Xiong Zheng Leong","doi":"10.32802/asmscj.2023.1617","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.32802/asmscj.2023.1617","url":null,"abstract":"Lean manufacturing is the optimal way of producing goods through the removal of waste and implementing flow, as opposed to batch processing. Many factories have transformed to align with the goal of lean manufacturing by minimising the resources of factories, such as less worker effort, less time and many more to lead to high efficiency towards good product quality and become highly responsive to customer demand. The condition of product and machinery, arrangement of inventory and equipment, the standard operation procedure of work and workers' safety awareness are the dominant elements in the leaf spring manufacturing process. Due to the crucial role that leaf springs play in the performance and safety of vehicles, it is crucial to eradicate any flaws in the designing and manufacturing processes. This study focuses on 5 core criteria, which are workers, time, safety, machines, and products that need to be enhanced. In the subgroup, each pair of sub-criteria will be compared regarding their importance with respect to each criterion. Analytical Hierarchy Process (AHP) is proposed to rank and aggregate the criteria based on their level of importance. The outcome of AHP showed that Safety (0.233) and Time (0.281) were the prominent criteria that need to be prioritised. Wear Personal Protective Equipment (PPE) (0.394), First Aid (0.324), Die and Pin (0.347), and Forklift Deliver (0.368) are the sub-criteria for safety and time. As a result, prompt and precise actions are needed to increase the quality and reliability of the product.","PeriodicalId":38804,"journal":{"name":"ASM Science Journal","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-02-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140435962","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-02-02DOI: 10.32802/asmscj.2023.1546
Xu Lu, Xingtao Wei, Jurry Foo
Land use changes as a result of urban development are inevitable. This study is based on three aspects: spatial and temporal land use changes, spatial distribution characteristics, and the state of land resource development today. In this study, the land use status of Xingtai City over the previous 20 years is systematically examined using the global and local Moran's I value, information entropy for land use structures, and land use extent models. The results indicate that, firstly, the built-up land in Xingtai City has rapidly increased while farmland land has continued to decline, with a decrease of 9.93% in farmland and an increase of 84.16% in built-up land. Secondly, the utilisation rate of land resources in Xingtai City has increased annually, as has the l information entropy for land use structures, the extent of land use, and the comprehensive land use dynamic extent index. Qiaoxi District and Qiaodong District have the most significant upward trend. And thirdly, the land use types in the study area exhibit spatial aggregation characteristics, and single land use type cold and hot spots demonstrate spatial clustering.
城市发展带来的土地利用变化不可避免。本研究从土地利用时空变化、空间分布特征和土地资源开发现状三个方面展开。本研究利用全局和局部莫兰 I 值、土地利用结构信息熵和土地利用程度模型，对邢台市近 20 年的土地利用状况进行了系统研究。结果表明：第一，邢台市建设用地迅速增加，而耕地持续减少，耕地减少了 9.93%，建设用地增加了 84.16%。其次，邢台市土地资源利用率逐年提高，土地利用结构信息熵、土地利用程度和土地利用综合动态程度指数也逐年提高。其中桥西区和桥东区上升趋势最为明显。第三，研究区土地利用类型呈现空间聚集特征，单个土地利用类型冷、热点区域呈现空间集聚特征。
{"title":"Analysis of Urban Land Use Changes in Xingtai City from the Year 2000 to 2020 for Urban Development Planning","authors":"Xu Lu, Xingtao Wei, Jurry Foo","doi":"10.32802/asmscj.2023.1546","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.32802/asmscj.2023.1546","url":null,"abstract":"Land use changes as a result of urban development are inevitable. This study is based on three aspects: spatial and temporal land use changes, spatial distribution characteristics, and the state of land resource development today. In this study, the land use status of Xingtai City over the previous 20 years is systematically examined using the global and local Moran's I value, information entropy for land use structures, and land use extent models. The results indicate that, firstly, the built-up land in Xingtai City has rapidly increased while farmland land has continued to decline, with a decrease of 9.93% in farmland and an increase of 84.16% in built-up land. Secondly, the utilisation rate of land resources in Xingtai City has increased annually, as has the l information entropy for land use structures, the extent of land use, and the comprehensive land use dynamic extent index. Qiaoxi District and Qiaodong District have the most significant upward trend. And thirdly, the land use types in the study area exhibit spatial aggregation characteristics, and single land use type cold and hot spots demonstrate spatial clustering.","PeriodicalId":38804,"journal":{"name":"ASM Science Journal","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-02-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139965371","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-01-24DOI: 10.32802/asmscj.2023.1475
Teoh Sian Hoon, Ilyana Ghazali, Parmjit Singh, T. H. Cheong, Joseph Boon Zik Hong
Learning algebra is a difficult process that necessitates a positive attitude in order to maintain interest and master key concepts. Previous research found that students' attitudes influenced their algebra learning. As a result, more input is required to observe the current influence of attitudes on algebra learning. This study aims to investigate secondary school students’ levels of proficiency and attitudes towards learning algebra. A case study was employed to collect data using an algebra test, a questionnaire on attitude, and task-based interviews. The subjects of this study were Form Three and Form Four students who were in the Dual Language Programme (DLP) in a school in Malaysia. A total of 93 students volunteered to participate in this study, and three of them were interviewed for insights into solving algebra problems. This study revealed that (1) there was no significant difference in algebra achievement between the Form Three and Form Four students; (2) there was a negative correlation between the achievement and attitudes; and (3) the students displayed rather low proficiency in answering the test questions, which could be attributed to difficulties with comprehension of problems in algebra and inadequate reasoning when applying problem solving strategies. These findings have implications for developing positive attitudes towards the learning of algebra. It is recommended that educators look into these areas to equip students with the right attitudes and knowledge for advanced learning at university.
{"title":"Students’ Algebraic Proficiency and Attitude towards Learning Algebra","authors":"Teoh Sian Hoon, Ilyana Ghazali, Parmjit Singh, T. H. Cheong, Joseph Boon Zik Hong","doi":"10.32802/asmscj.2023.1475","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.32802/asmscj.2023.1475","url":null,"abstract":"Learning algebra is a difficult process that necessitates a positive attitude in order to maintain interest and master key concepts. Previous research found that students' attitudes influenced their algebra learning. As a result, more input is required to observe the current influence of attitudes on algebra learning. This study aims to investigate secondary school students’ levels of proficiency and attitudes towards learning algebra. A case study was employed to collect data using an algebra test, a questionnaire on attitude, and task-based interviews. The subjects of this study were Form Three and Form Four students who were in the Dual Language Programme (DLP) in a school in Malaysia. A total of 93 students volunteered to participate in this study, and three of them were interviewed for insights into solving algebra problems. This study revealed that (1) there was no significant difference in algebra achievement between the Form Three and Form Four students; (2) there was a negative correlation between the achievement and attitudes; and (3) the students displayed rather low proficiency in answering the test questions, which could be attributed to difficulties with comprehension of problems in algebra and inadequate reasoning when applying problem solving strategies. These findings have implications for developing positive attitudes towards the learning of algebra. It is recommended that educators look into these areas to equip students with the right attitudes and knowledge for advanced learning at university.","PeriodicalId":38804,"journal":{"name":"ASM Science Journal","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-01-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139601795","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-01-19DOI: 10.32802/asmscj.2023.1485
Ummu Shalihah Mohd Zu, Kai Siong Yow
Social network analysis is commonly used to investigate relationships between a group of objects by modelling them using graphs. Some of its applications include network modelling and sampling, link prediction and social media analytics. In this study, we analyse research collaboration in between 44 researchers in the Department of Mathematics and Statistics, Universiti Putra Malaysia within two periods, from 2015–2017 and 2018–2020, by using social network analysis. We identify the importance of each researcher within the community by using different centrality measures such as degree, closeness, betweenness and eigenvector centralities, based on the collected data. The ten highest values in each measure for both durations are given. The graphs for each centrality measure are plotted, and a comparison on the relevant values across the two periods is made. We also discuss the relationship between each centrality measure, as well as the possible factors that affect the respective values.
{"title":"An Analysis on Research Collaboration Between Mathematicians in Universiti Putra Malaysia","authors":"Ummu Shalihah Mohd Zu, Kai Siong Yow","doi":"10.32802/asmscj.2023.1485","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.32802/asmscj.2023.1485","url":null,"abstract":"Social network analysis is commonly used to investigate relationships between a group of objects by modelling them using graphs. Some of its applications include network modelling and sampling, link prediction and social media analytics. In this study, we analyse research collaboration in between 44 researchers in the Department of Mathematics and Statistics, Universiti Putra Malaysia within two periods, from 2015–2017 and 2018–2020, by using social network analysis. We identify the importance of each researcher within the community by using different centrality measures such as degree, closeness, betweenness and eigenvector centralities, based on the collected data. The ten highest values in each measure for both durations are given. The graphs for each centrality measure are plotted, and a comparison on the relevant values across the two periods is made. We also discuss the relationship between each centrality measure, as well as the possible factors that affect the respective values.","PeriodicalId":38804,"journal":{"name":"ASM Science Journal","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-01-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139612583","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-01-05DOI: 10.32802/asmscj.2023.1574
Narin Taokaenchan
The aim of this study was to assess the yields, total flavonoid content, total phenolic content, and antioxidant activities of 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) assay and 2,2'–azion–bis-3–ethylbenzothiazo line–6-sulphonic acid (ABTS) radical scavenging activity of Piper sarmentosum Roxb. tested after different harvesting maturity (30, 60, 90, and 120 days after planting). A completely randomised design was determined for the field experiments at the Department of Medicinal Plant Science, Faculty of Agricultural Production, Maejo University, Thailand. Results showed that the highest weight for fresh and dried leaves and total flavonoid content were observed at harvesting maturity of 90 days after planting with values of 18.03 ± 0.04 g fresh weight (FW)/plant, 4.08 ± 0.03 g dried weight (DW)/plant, and 4.52 ± 0.16 mg quercetin equivalent (mgQE)/g dried sample, respectively. Furthermore, the harvesting maturity at 120 days also gave the highest total phenolic content (14.53 ± 0.18 mg gallic acid equivalent (mgGAE)/g dried sample) and antioxidant activities in Piper sarmentosum Roxb.
{"title":"Herbal Yield, Secondary Metabolites and Antioxidant Activities of Piper sarmentosum Roxb. affected by Different Harvest Maturity","authors":"Narin Taokaenchan","doi":"10.32802/asmscj.2023.1574","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.32802/asmscj.2023.1574","url":null,"abstract":"The aim of this study was to assess the yields, total flavonoid content, total phenolic content, and antioxidant activities of 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) assay and 2,2'–azion–bis-3–ethylbenzothiazo line–6-sulphonic acid (ABTS) radical scavenging activity of Piper sarmentosum Roxb. tested after different harvesting maturity (30, 60, 90, and 120 days after planting). A completely randomised design was determined for the field experiments at the Department of Medicinal Plant Science, Faculty of Agricultural Production, Maejo University, Thailand. Results showed that the highest weight for fresh and dried leaves and total flavonoid content were observed at harvesting maturity of 90 days after planting with values of 18.03 ± 0.04 g fresh weight (FW)/plant, 4.08 ± 0.03 g dried weight (DW)/plant, and 4.52 ± 0.16 mg quercetin equivalent (mgQE)/g dried sample, respectively. Furthermore, the harvesting maturity at 120 days also gave the highest total phenolic content (14.53 ± 0.18 mg gallic acid equivalent (mgGAE)/g dried sample) and antioxidant activities in Piper sarmentosum Roxb.","PeriodicalId":38804,"journal":{"name":"ASM Science Journal","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-01-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139383379","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-01-05DOI: 10.32802/asmscj.2023.1432
Muhammad Hadif Amri, Adrian Afzal Ariff, A. Supee, M. Z. Mohd Yusop
A chemical bath deposition (CBD) contained sodium thiosulfate (Na2S2O3), iron (II) sulfate heptahydrate (FeSO4.7H2O), and L(+)-tartaric acid (C4H6O6) as the complexing agent has been used to deposit the iron-sulfide-oxide (FeSxOy) films. The effects of different solution pH (5.0-9.0) on film properties were investigated. The thicknesses of the film analysed from the cross-sectional images of Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM) showed the thickness of the film is increasing with increasing pH. The X-Ray Diffraction (XRD) pattern and the hot probe method revealed that all the deposited films are crystalline, and possess n-type semiconductor behaviour due to high oxygen content (around 72-82%). Larger crystallite sizes with extra peaks of goethite and hematite were present for the films with pH > 7.0, while, better film uniformity and grains distribution, as well as clear absorption edge in transmittance measurement, were obtained for the film with pH 5.0.
{"title":"Effects of Solution pH on Chemical Bath Deposited Iron-Sulfide-Oxide with Tartaric Acid Presence","authors":"Muhammad Hadif Amri, Adrian Afzal Ariff, A. Supee, M. Z. Mohd Yusop","doi":"10.32802/asmscj.2023.1432","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.32802/asmscj.2023.1432","url":null,"abstract":"A chemical bath deposition (CBD) contained sodium thiosulfate (Na2S2O3), iron (II) sulfate heptahydrate (FeSO4.7H2O), and L(+)-tartaric acid (C4H6O6) as the complexing agent has been used to deposit the iron-sulfide-oxide (FeSxOy) films. The effects of different solution pH (5.0-9.0) on film properties were investigated. The thicknesses of the film analysed from the cross-sectional images of Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM) showed the thickness of the film is increasing with increasing pH. The X-Ray Diffraction (XRD) pattern and the hot probe method revealed that all the deposited films are crystalline, and possess n-type semiconductor behaviour due to high oxygen content (around 72-82%). Larger crystallite sizes with extra peaks of goethite and hematite were present for the films with pH > 7.0, while, better film uniformity and grains distribution, as well as clear absorption edge in transmittance measurement, were obtained for the film with pH 5.0.","PeriodicalId":38804,"journal":{"name":"ASM Science Journal","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-01-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139384290","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-01-05DOI: 10.32802/asmscj.2023.1420
Ismail Ismail
Polymer biocomposites are sustainable and environmentally friendly materials that can be applied to the building, furniture, aerospace, and automotive industries. In this study, biocomposites made of coconut shell-reinforced epoxy resin were prepared and characterised. Initially, the coconut shells were 200 mesh. Then, they were milled by using a ball mill for 10, 20, 30, and 40 h. The biocomposites were manufactured by using a compression method while keeping a constant ratio of filler and matrix at 85 vol.%: 15 vol.%. The effects of ball milling duration on the thermal degradation and physical properties of biocomposites were examined. The thermal degradation of coconut shell biocomposite occurred at 250 – 400 °C. Its thermal degradation temperature increased with the increasing milling times. The density of the coconut shell biocomposite was 1.087 g/cm3 for 0 h (without milling the fillers). Its density increased to 1.248 g/cm3 for 40 h of milling duration. Meanwhile, the porosity of coconut shell biocomposite decreased from 17.5% (0 h milling duration) to 12.1% (40 h milling duration). It was found that there was a correlation between thermal degradation and physical properties (density and porosity). This study revealed that the thermal degradation and physical properties of the biocomposites can be enhanced by decreasing the size of the fillers.
{"title":"Milling Time Effects on the Thermal Degradation, Density, and Porosity of Coconut Shell-Reinforced Epoxy Biocomposites","authors":"Ismail Ismail","doi":"10.32802/asmscj.2023.1420","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.32802/asmscj.2023.1420","url":null,"abstract":"Polymer biocomposites are sustainable and environmentally friendly materials that can be applied to the building, furniture, aerospace, and automotive industries. In this study, biocomposites made of coconut shell-reinforced epoxy resin were prepared and characterised. Initially, the coconut shells were 200 mesh. Then, they were milled by using a ball mill for 10, 20, 30, and 40 h. The biocomposites were manufactured by using a compression method while keeping a constant ratio of filler and matrix at 85 vol.%: 15 vol.%. The effects of ball milling duration on the thermal degradation and physical properties of biocomposites were examined. The thermal degradation of coconut shell biocomposite occurred at 250 – 400 °C. Its thermal degradation temperature increased with the increasing milling times. The density of the coconut shell biocomposite was 1.087 g/cm3 for 0 h (without milling the fillers). Its density increased to 1.248 g/cm3 for 40 h of milling duration. Meanwhile, the porosity of coconut shell biocomposite decreased from 17.5% (0 h milling duration) to 12.1% (40 h milling duration). It was found that there was a correlation between thermal degradation and physical properties (density and porosity). This study revealed that the thermal degradation and physical properties of the biocomposites can be enhanced by decreasing the size of the fillers.","PeriodicalId":38804,"journal":{"name":"ASM Science Journal","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-01-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139382263","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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