Pub Date : 2023-11-09DOI: 10.32802/asmscj.2023.1519
MOHAMMAD HARRIS M YAHYA, AHMAD ASNAWI NASIR, NORMALA HASSIM, AMRAN SHAFIE, NOOR AZRIMI UMOR, ZUBIR OTHMAN, MOHD ROZI AHMAD
Allium sativum L. peels were used as raw material to obtain cellulosic pulps for paper making. The peels were treated with sodium hydroxide at different concentrations (5%, 12.5%, and 20%) before the paper production. The sheets were measured for weight and thickness and evaluated for tensile, tear and bursting strength. The chemical compositions of the peels were analysed. The results indicated that the peels are suitable for papermaking due to the appropriate contents of cellulose (37.22%), hemicellulose (35.21%) and lignin (9.96%) values. The colour of the sheets varies from dark to light brown when the amount of sodium hydroxide solution was increased. It was estimated that the weight of peels was in the range of 5.0 - 6.5 % of garlic clove. All the sheet samples have uniform weight and thickness. The results showed that increasing sodium hydroxide concentration from 5% to 20% decreased tensile and bursting strength, except tearing strength. Two kinds of microscopic observations showed that peels treated with the highest sodium hydroxide concentration had a fine and thin layer of binder within the fibres. The sheets appear to be transparent with due to a decrease in the tensile and bursting strength except for the tear strength.
{"title":"The Effect of Different Concentration of NaOH on Mechanical Properties of Allium sativum L. Peels Thin Sheet Paper","authors":"MOHAMMAD HARRIS M YAHYA, AHMAD ASNAWI NASIR, NORMALA HASSIM, AMRAN SHAFIE, NOOR AZRIMI UMOR, ZUBIR OTHMAN, MOHD ROZI AHMAD","doi":"10.32802/asmscj.2023.1519","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.32802/asmscj.2023.1519","url":null,"abstract":"Allium sativum L. peels were used as raw material to obtain cellulosic pulps for paper making. The peels were treated with sodium hydroxide at different concentrations (5%, 12.5%, and 20%) before the paper production. The sheets were measured for weight and thickness and evaluated for tensile, tear and bursting strength. The chemical compositions of the peels were analysed. The results indicated that the peels are suitable for papermaking due to the appropriate contents of cellulose (37.22%), hemicellulose (35.21%) and lignin (9.96%) values. The colour of the sheets varies from dark to light brown when the amount of sodium hydroxide solution was increased. It was estimated that the weight of peels was in the range of 5.0 - 6.5 % of garlic clove. All the sheet samples have uniform weight and thickness. The results showed that increasing sodium hydroxide concentration from 5% to 20% decreased tensile and bursting strength, except tearing strength. Two kinds of microscopic observations showed that peels treated with the highest sodium hydroxide concentration had a fine and thin layer of binder within the fibres. The sheets appear to be transparent with due to a decrease in the tensile and bursting strength except for the tear strength.
","PeriodicalId":38804,"journal":{"name":"ASM Science Journal","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-11-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135242458","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
In hypothesis testing, inference is made by comparing the computed test statistic and the critical value which rely on a specified level of significance and degrees of freedom. This paper examines various study variables to assess whether there exists an interdependency between relationship intimacy and these variables. The chi-square test, likelihood ratio test, the adjusted standardised residual, and the proposed benchmark methods are applied to determine the acceptance or rejection of the null hypothesis and the individual category contribution that enhanced the inference. The comparative analysis involves data collected from a survey conducted before the onset of the Covid-19 pandemic, during the Covid-19 lockdown period, and following the relaxation of post-Covid-19 lockdown measures spanning a duration of six weeks. The findings showed that the null hypothesis cannot be rejected implying that the study variables are independent of relationship intimacy for the periods under study. The adjusted standardised residual and the benchmark methods revealed that sexual intimacy and quarrel are the highest variable contributors to the acceptance of the null hypothesis.
{"title":"Chi-square and Adjusted Standardised Residual Analysis","authors":"Nor Aishah Ahad, Friday Zinzendoff Okwonu, Joshua Sarduana Apanapudor, Festus Irimisose Arunaye, Sunday Amoju Ojobor","doi":"10.32802/asmscj.2023.985","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.32802/asmscj.2023.985","url":null,"abstract":"In hypothesis testing, inference is made by comparing the computed test statistic and the critical value which rely on a specified level of significance and degrees of freedom. This paper examines various study variables to assess whether there exists an interdependency between relationship intimacy and these variables. The chi-square test, likelihood ratio test, the adjusted standardised residual, and the proposed benchmark methods are applied to determine the acceptance or rejection of the null hypothesis and the individual category contribution that enhanced the inference. The comparative analysis involves data collected from a survey conducted before the onset of the Covid-19 pandemic, during the Covid-19 lockdown period, and following the relaxation of post-Covid-19 lockdown measures spanning a duration of six weeks. The findings showed that the null hypothesis cannot be rejected implying that the study variables are independent of relationship intimacy for the periods under study. The adjusted standardised residual and the benchmark methods revealed that sexual intimacy and quarrel are the highest variable contributors to the acceptance of the null hypothesis.","PeriodicalId":38804,"journal":{"name":"ASM Science Journal","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-11-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135635385","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-11-01DOI: 10.32802/asmscj.2023.1578
SITI NUR AMANI AZAMI
In Malaysia, chilli sauce is extremely popular and widely consumed because it is used as a condiment in everyday life; it is a must-have in every home. At present, there is relatively little data available in scientific journals yet about the physicochemical properties of local commercial chilli sauce in Malaysia. This research was conducted to learn more about the physicochemical properties of commercial chilli sauce. A variety of five chilli sauces (SK, SH, SM, SL, SJ) from popular options were purchased locally, and the following parameters were determined by measuring: pH, total soluble solids (°Brix), water activity, syneresis, viscosity, salt content and colour. According to the result, it was discovered that all of the sauces tested were acidic (2.63-3.42). Furthermore, total soluble solids ranged from 33.93-51.86. Brix is a fluid indicator of total soluble solids, and it was found that the chilli sauce samples are predominantly sugar. In addition, the result for water activity was in the range of (0.89-0.97). Furthermore, the colour of the sample was determined by using L*, a*, and b* values. The range of L*, a* and b* values was (27.41-34.11), (13.77-23.66) and (9.43-20.56), respectively. The a* value shows that most chilli sauce samples were bright red. None of the samples had any water syneresis. Every company used an appropriate stabiliser in the chilli sauce, resulting in acceptable flavour after storing at room temperature for extended periods after opening.
{"title":"Physicochemical Properties of Various Commercial Chilli Sauces in Malaysia","authors":"SITI NUR AMANI AZAMI","doi":"10.32802/asmscj.2023.1578","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.32802/asmscj.2023.1578","url":null,"abstract":"In Malaysia, chilli sauce is extremely popular and widely consumed because it is used as a condiment in everyday life; it is a must-have in every home. At present, there is relatively little data available in scientific journals yet about the physicochemical properties of local commercial chilli sauce in Malaysia. This research was conducted to learn more about the physicochemical properties of commercial chilli sauce. A variety of five chilli sauces (SK, SH, SM, SL, SJ) from popular options were purchased locally, and the following parameters were determined by measuring: pH, total soluble solids (°Brix), water activity, syneresis, viscosity, salt content and colour. According to the result, it was discovered that all of the sauces tested were acidic (2.63-3.42). Furthermore, total soluble solids ranged from 33.93-51.86. Brix is a fluid indicator of total soluble solids, and it was found that the chilli sauce samples are predominantly sugar. In addition, the result for water activity was in the range of (0.89-0.97). Furthermore, the colour of the sample was determined by using L*, a*, and b* values. The range of L*, a* and b* values was (27.41-34.11), (13.77-23.66) and (9.43-20.56), respectively. The a* value shows that most chilli sauce samples were bright red. None of the samples had any water syneresis. Every company used an appropriate stabiliser in the chilli sauce, resulting in acceptable flavour after storing at room temperature for extended periods after opening.","PeriodicalId":38804,"journal":{"name":"ASM Science Journal","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135272640","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-10-30DOI: 10.32802/asmscj.2023.1139
Mohd Rizman Sultan Mohd, Juliana Johari, Fazlina Ahmat Ruslan
Neural Network is one of the Machine Learning methods that has been applied in various Artificial Intelligence system development including solar radiation prediction modelling. Since there are multiple approaches had been developed using the Neural Network method, the study has been focusing on the development of a Multi-layer Neural Network model that can handle non-linearities and highly dynamic data. The integration of the Multi-layer Neural Network and the Non-linear Autoregressive Model with Exogenous Input (NARX) developed a compromising non-linear Neural Network model which can be applied in the modelling of solar radiation. This paper develops a systematic review of the Neural Network Autoregressive Model with Exogenous Input (NNARX) for solar radiation prediction modelling starts from the architecture and the comparative selection for the Training Function. The model is developed and analysed using MATLAB R2019a software. Results showed that the Levenberg-Marquardt Training Function performed better with the R2 value of 0.94 for training and 0.91 for testing, making it the most suitable for the NNARX in the development of solar radiation prediction modelling.
{"title":"A Systematic Review of Neural Network Autoregressive Model with Exogenous Input for Solar Radiation Prediction Modelling Development","authors":"Mohd Rizman Sultan Mohd, Juliana Johari, Fazlina Ahmat Ruslan","doi":"10.32802/asmscj.2023.1139","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.32802/asmscj.2023.1139","url":null,"abstract":"Neural Network is one of the Machine Learning methods that has been applied in various Artificial Intelligence system development including solar radiation prediction modelling. Since there are multiple approaches had been developed using the Neural Network method, the study has been focusing on the development of a Multi-layer Neural Network model that can handle non-linearities and highly dynamic data. The integration of the Multi-layer Neural Network and the Non-linear Autoregressive Model with Exogenous Input (NARX) developed a compromising non-linear Neural Network model which can be applied in the modelling of solar radiation. This paper develops a systematic review of the Neural Network Autoregressive Model with Exogenous Input (NNARX) for solar radiation prediction modelling starts from the architecture and the comparative selection for the Training Function. The model is developed and analysed using MATLAB R2019a software. Results showed that the Levenberg-Marquardt Training Function performed better with the R2 value of 0.94 for training and 0.91 for testing, making it the most suitable for the NNARX in the development of solar radiation prediction modelling.","PeriodicalId":38804,"journal":{"name":"ASM Science Journal","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"136104283","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-10-30DOI: 10.32802/asmscj.2023.1073
Wan Iryani Wan Ismail, Dhenmolly Arumugam, Mohd Ulul Ilmie Ahmad Nazri, Izwandy Idris
Diopatra claparedii has the potential to serve as an animal model for Neurodegenerative Disease (ND) studies due to its complete nervous system and regenerative ability. However, the characteristics of the nervous system in intact D. claparedii and during the regeneration process are still unknown. In this study, the intact samples were fixed with Hematoxylin and Eosin (H&E) staining for characterisation. Amputated samples were let to regenerate for 60 days with a 20-day interval before histology assessment. The major findings suggested that the intact D. claparedii’s nervous system is built by an anterior dorsal brain and ventral nerve cord, which is segmentally ganglionated. Histology also revealed that the nervous system of regenerated samples on day 60 differs morphologically in terms of brain size. The presence of the brain and ventral nerve cord validates that D. claparedii’s nervous system resembles the nervous system organisation in humans. Thus, it is potentially suitable for further investigation of neurodegenerative studies.
{"title":"Characterisation and Regeneration of Diopatra claparedii Nervous System","authors":"Wan Iryani Wan Ismail, Dhenmolly Arumugam, Mohd Ulul Ilmie Ahmad Nazri, Izwandy Idris","doi":"10.32802/asmscj.2023.1073","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.32802/asmscj.2023.1073","url":null,"abstract":"Diopatra claparedii has the potential to serve as an animal model for Neurodegenerative Disease (ND) studies due to its complete nervous system and regenerative ability. However, the characteristics of the nervous system in intact D. claparedii and during the regeneration process are still unknown. In this study, the intact samples were fixed with Hematoxylin and Eosin (H&E) staining for characterisation. Amputated samples were let to regenerate for 60 days with a 20-day interval before histology assessment. The major findings suggested that the intact D. claparedii’s nervous system is built by an anterior dorsal brain and ventral nerve cord, which is segmentally ganglionated. Histology also revealed that the nervous system of regenerated samples on day 60 differs morphologically in terms of brain size. The presence of the brain and ventral nerve cord validates that D. claparedii’s nervous system resembles the nervous system organisation in humans. Thus, it is potentially suitable for further investigation of neurodegenerative studies.","PeriodicalId":38804,"journal":{"name":"ASM Science Journal","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"136067890","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-10-27DOI: 10.32802/asmscj.2023.1477
Sumit Shahaji Surve
The research article investigates the thermal performance of heat pipe-based evacuated tube solar collector (ETSC) experimentally using graphene oxide (GO) and deionised (DI) water as working fluid with a mass flow rate of 0.5 lit/min, 0.75 lit/min, and 1 lit/min. The different volumetric concentrations of 0.001%, 0.002%, and 0.003% graphene oxide nanofluid samples were prepared in the deionised water. The X-ray diffraction (XRD) was used to determine the structural properties of graphene oxide and the morphology of graphene oxide was studied by scanning electron microscope (SEM). To evaluate the stability of nanofluid samples, the Zeta potential analysis was carried out which showed that prepared nanofluid samples remain stable for up to 30 days. The effect of different nanofluid concentrations on various thermo physical properties of nanofluid was studied and discussed. The thermal performance of ETSC was investigated by considering the effect of volumetric concentrations of nanofluid and mass flow rates. According to the findings, there is a significant increment in temperature difference and energy gain by using nanofluid samples, and the maximum thermal efficiency of ETSC was found to be 37.1% for a volumetric concentration of 0.003% at 1 lit/min mass flow rate as compared to water.
{"title":"Enhancing Thermal Performance of Evacuated Tube Solar Collector using Novel Graphene Oxide Nanofluid","authors":"Sumit Shahaji Surve","doi":"10.32802/asmscj.2023.1477","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.32802/asmscj.2023.1477","url":null,"abstract":"The research article investigates the thermal performance of heat pipe-based evacuated tube solar collector (ETSC) experimentally using graphene oxide (GO) and deionised (DI) water as working fluid with a mass flow rate of 0.5 lit/min, 0.75 lit/min, and 1 lit/min. The different volumetric concentrations of 0.001%, 0.002%, and 0.003% graphene oxide nanofluid samples were prepared in the deionised water. The X-ray diffraction (XRD) was used to determine the structural properties of graphene oxide and the morphology of graphene oxide was studied by scanning electron microscope (SEM). To evaluate the stability of nanofluid samples, the Zeta potential analysis was carried out which showed that prepared nanofluid samples remain stable for up to 30 days. The effect of different nanofluid concentrations on various thermo physical properties of nanofluid was studied and discussed. The thermal performance of ETSC was investigated by considering the effect of volumetric concentrations of nanofluid and mass flow rates. According to the findings, there is a significant increment in temperature difference and energy gain by using nanofluid samples, and the maximum thermal efficiency of ETSC was found to be 37.1% for a volumetric concentration of 0.003% at 1 lit/min mass flow rate as compared to water.","PeriodicalId":38804,"journal":{"name":"ASM Science Journal","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"136318002","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-10-26DOI: 10.32802/asmscj.2023.1088
Nurhaslina Binti Che radzi
Kaempferia galanga Linn is an endangered medicinal plant that contains high value essentials. This plant belongs to the Zingiberaceae family and is used in pharmaceuticals and cosmetics, as well as food. This paper aims to review the research progress on K. galanga Linn, particularly on the phytochemistry and extraction process of this plant, including a new perspective on its pharmacological activities. Data and information on this aromatic ginger were collected and summarised from various resources, mainly from Science Direct and Web of Science. The main bioactive compounds extracted from its rhizome were ethyl cinnamate, ethyl p-methoxycinnamate, kaempferol, camphene, linoleoyl, borneol, and 1,8-cineole. These bioactive compounds have numerous nutraceutical properties, such as antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, anti-microbial, analgesic, anti-tuberculosis, anticancer, wound healing, and mosquito repellent. Furthermore, chemical characterisation, in vitro analysis, and in vivo biological studies have confirmed the traditional uses of this plant.
山柰属高良姜是一种含有高价值成分的濒危药用植物。这种植物属于姜科，用于制药和化妆品，以及食品。本文综述了近年来高良姜的研究进展，重点介绍了高良姜的植物化学和提取工艺，并对其药理活性进行了新的研究。本文主要从Science Direct和Web of Science网站收集和总结了有关这种芳香姜的数据和信息。从其根茎中提取的主要活性物质为肉桂酸乙酯、对甲氧基肉桂酸乙酯、山奈酚、莰烯、亚油基、冰片和1,8-桉树脑。这些生物活性化合物具有许多营养成分，如抗氧化、抗炎、抗微生物、镇痛、抗结核、抗癌、伤口愈合和驱蚊。此外，化学特性、体外分析和体内生物学研究证实了这种植物的传统用途。
{"title":"Kaempferia galanga Linn: A Systematic Review of Phytochemistry, Extraction Technique, and Pharmacological Activities","authors":"Nurhaslina Binti Che radzi","doi":"10.32802/asmscj.2023.1088","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.32802/asmscj.2023.1088","url":null,"abstract":"Kaempferia galanga Linn is an endangered medicinal plant that contains high value essentials. This plant belongs to the Zingiberaceae family and is used in pharmaceuticals and cosmetics, as well as food. This paper aims to review the research progress on K. galanga Linn, particularly on the phytochemistry and extraction process of this plant, including a new perspective on its pharmacological activities. Data and information on this aromatic ginger were collected and summarised from various resources, mainly from Science Direct and Web of Science. The main bioactive compounds extracted from its rhizome were ethyl cinnamate, ethyl p-methoxycinnamate, kaempferol, camphene, linoleoyl, borneol, and 1,8-cineole. These bioactive compounds have numerous nutraceutical properties, such as antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, anti-microbial, analgesic, anti-tuberculosis, anticancer, wound healing, and mosquito repellent. Furthermore, chemical characterisation, in vitro analysis, and in vivo biological studies have confirmed the traditional uses of this plant.","PeriodicalId":38804,"journal":{"name":"ASM Science Journal","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"136381775","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-10-02DOI: 10.32802/asmscj.2007.vol1no1
Azrul Liki
The ASM Science Journal (ASM Sc. J.) is intended to be one of the primary vehicles of the Academy of Sciences Malaysiato stimulate and nurture excellence in science and technology for the development of the nation and for the benefit ofmankind. Its purpose is also to widely disseminate significant research developments and deliberate on R&D strategiesand policies. It will further provide a major opportunity for showcasing the effectiveness of scientific and technical effortsand increasing the efficiency of management of research and development which is linked with the ability to communicateinformation about current research efforts and the results of past work. This journal will pay attention to the importanceof scientific and technical endeavour and contribute to the better understanding of problems of science and technologythrough its regular publication and wide circulation, thus promoting cooperation and exchange of views among the sciencecommunity worldwide. All these objectives are fully in line with the aims and objectives of the Academy.In this maiden issue, there are contributions from many fields covering both fundamental and applied research: medicine,engineering, chemistry, electronics, mechanics and physics. Our future plan is to gear one issue a year towards a particulartheme. The papers in that issue will address current and impending issues, and the demands and needs of the scientificcommunity and society pertaining to the selected theme.It is hoped that this varied, vital and vigorous exchange of scientific information that the Journal provides will assist inbetter understanding the various forces and factors that affect the progress of humanity and safeguard its survival. TheAcademy of Sciences Malaysia, therefore, in earnestly discharging its responsibility, proudly associates itself with thisJournal in striving to promote an international exchange of scientific information.
{"title":"ASM Sci. J., Vol. 1, No. 1, 2007","authors":"Azrul Liki","doi":"10.32802/asmscj.2007.vol1no1","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.32802/asmscj.2007.vol1no1","url":null,"abstract":"The ASM Science Journal (ASM Sc. J.) is intended to be one of the primary vehicles of the Academy of Sciences Malaysiato stimulate and nurture excellence in science and technology for the development of the nation and for the benefit ofmankind. Its purpose is also to widely disseminate significant research developments and deliberate on R&D strategiesand policies. It will further provide a major opportunity for showcasing the effectiveness of scientific and technical effortsand increasing the efficiency of management of research and development which is linked with the ability to communicateinformation about current research efforts and the results of past work. This journal will pay attention to the importanceof scientific and technical endeavour and contribute to the better understanding of problems of science and technologythrough its regular publication and wide circulation, thus promoting cooperation and exchange of views among the sciencecommunity worldwide. All these objectives are fully in line with the aims and objectives of the Academy.In this maiden issue, there are contributions from many fields covering both fundamental and applied research: medicine,engineering, chemistry, electronics, mechanics and physics. Our future plan is to gear one issue a year towards a particulartheme. The papers in that issue will address current and impending issues, and the demands and needs of the scientificcommunity and society pertaining to the selected theme.It is hoped that this varied, vital and vigorous exchange of scientific information that the Journal provides will assist inbetter understanding the various forces and factors that affect the progress of humanity and safeguard its survival. TheAcademy of Sciences Malaysia, therefore, in earnestly discharging its responsibility, proudly associates itself with thisJournal in striving to promote an international exchange of scientific information.","PeriodicalId":38804,"journal":{"name":"ASM Science Journal","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135835894","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-09-13DOI: 10.32802/asmscj.2023.1414
Siti Salwana Mamat, Tahir Ahmad, Siti Rahmah Awang, Noraini Ahmad
Pairwise comparison of alternatives is common in decision-making procedures. A fuzzy weak autocatalytic set (FWACS) is a technique used in solving multi-criteria decision-making problems. A FWACS represented the comparison of a set of alternatives in form of a directed graph with fuzzy edges. This study discusses the implementation of ranking by FWACS on the evaluation of robots’ kinematic structures. A comparison of results generated by FWACS is made with the results using Potential Method (PM). Sensitivity analysis verifies that the decision made by FWACS is stable and consistent, thus comparable to PM.
{"title":"The Application of Fuzzy Weak Autocatalytic Set in Robots Kinematic Structures Evaluation","authors":"Siti Salwana Mamat, Tahir Ahmad, Siti Rahmah Awang, Noraini Ahmad","doi":"10.32802/asmscj.2023.1414","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.32802/asmscj.2023.1414","url":null,"abstract":"Pairwise comparison of alternatives is common in decision-making procedures. A fuzzy weak autocatalytic set (FWACS) is a technique used in solving multi-criteria decision-making problems. A FWACS represented the comparison of a set of alternatives in form of a directed graph with fuzzy edges. This study discusses the implementation of ranking by FWACS on the evaluation of robots’ kinematic structures. A comparison of results generated by FWACS is made with the results using Potential Method (PM). Sensitivity analysis verifies that the decision made by FWACS is stable and consistent, thus comparable to PM.","PeriodicalId":38804,"journal":{"name":"ASM Science Journal","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"134989831","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-08-21DOI: 10.32802/asmscj.2023.983
Siti Amira Othman
Titanium dioxide (TiO2) is one of the most powerful semiconductors used in wastewater treatment. However, TiO2 has a wide band gap that only can be activated by using UV light. To overcome the weakness of this photocatalyst, the doping technique by using the sol-gel method was applied to the TiO2. The sol-gel method is easy, low cost and can be conducted at low temperature. Through this method, the band gap can be narrow and the doped TiO2 can be activated using visible light. The objectives of this research are to study the relationship between variable parameters and the sample characterisations, to analyse the characteristics of modified photocatalysts doped nitrogen and magnesium on the phase. In this research project, nitrogen and magnesium will be used for doping techniques with TiO2. Calcination temperature will be varied at 300oC, 500oC and 700oC to analyse the phase and characteristics of samples at different calcination temperatures. Parameters that are involved in this research include the amount of doping which is varied at 0.5 wt.%, 0.7 wt.% and 0.9 wt.% and type of dopant used (nitrogen and magnesium). The sample will be characterised by using X-Ray Diffraction (XRD).
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