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Are Differences in Empathy Age-Related? 同理心的差异与年龄有关吗?
Q3 Social Sciences Pub Date : 2023-06-20 DOI: 10.5296/ijld.v13i2.21115
Christoph M. Paulus
In this study we wanted to show how different the mean values of the four empathy components Empathic Concern, Perspective Taking, Fantasy, and Personal Distress are in a total of 7 age groups between 15 and over 60 years old. Using questionnaire data from the German version of the Interpersonal Reactivity Index of a total of 9 156 subjects, we were able to show that, with the exception of the variable Fantasy, the youngest group in particular consistently exhibited the weakest expressions, and although the respective mean values differed significantly in some cases, the deviations were very small. Thus, we refute the assumption that empathy decreases with increasing age and were able to show that especially the affective components show a high stability. Finally, we advise against the formation of a total score on empathy because of the unclear diagnostic interpretability.
在这项研究中,我们想要展示共情四个组成部分共情关注、视角采取、幻想和个人困扰的平均值在15岁至60岁以上的7个年龄组中的差异。通过对9156名被试的德文版人际反应指数进行问卷调查,我们发现,除了变量Fantasy外,最年轻的一组表现出最弱的表情,尽管在某些情况下各自的平均值差异很大,但偏差很小。因此,我们反驳了共情随年龄增长而下降的假设,并能够证明特别是情感成分表现出高度的稳定性。最后,由于诊断的可解释性不明确,我们建议不要形成共情总分。
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引用次数: 0
Online Learning During COVID-19 Pandemic: The Mediating Role of Self-Efficacy in the Relationship Between Digital Literacy and Academic Performance COVID-19大流行期间在线学习:自我效能感在数字素养与学业成绩关系中的中介作用
Q3 Social Sciences Pub Date : 2023-06-11 DOI: 10.5296/ijld.v13i2.20933
YNurli Abu Bakar, Maz Ainy Abd Aziz, Zarinah Abdul Rasit, Marshita Hashim, Kamaruzzaman Muhammad
The widespread COVID-19 outbreak in 2020 has forced various organisations to transform their operations from traditional to more advanced approaches through digital technologies. Likewise, fast-changing technologies have also influenced the education system in higher learning institutions (HLI) on the importance of online learning and digital literacy. Earlier studies found several issues related to online learning. Although digital literacy was recognised as a fundamental component to improve students’ performance, the extent to which it improves academic performance remains speculative. This study proposes a relationship between digital literacy and academic performance and highlights the influence of self-efficacy in the relationship. Using a survey method, data were gathered from accounting students studying at one of Malaysia’s public universities. The SEMPLS results indicate a significant positive relationship between digital literacy and academic performance. There is also evidence of the indirect relationship between digital literacy and academic performance, which is influenced by self-efficacy.
2020年COVID-19的大范围爆发迫使各组织通过数字技术将其业务从传统方法转变为更先进的方法。同样,快速变化的技术也影响了高等教育机构(HLI)的教育系统,使其认识到在线学习和数字素养的重要性。早期的研究发现了几个与在线学习有关的问题。虽然数字素养被认为是提高学生成绩的一个基本组成部分,但它能在多大程度上提高学习成绩仍是未知数。本研究提出数字素养与学业成绩之间的关系,并强调自我效能感在关系中的影响。采用调查方法,从马来西亚一所公立大学的会计专业学生中收集数据。SEMPLS结果表明,数字素养与学业成绩之间存在显著的正相关关系。也有证据表明数字素养与学业成绩之间存在间接关系,而学业成绩受自我效能感的影响。
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引用次数: 0
Healing Hearts and Fostering Connections: Mitigating Behavioral Challenges in the Classroom Through Educator Training on Trauma-Transformational Practices 治愈心灵和促进联系:通过创伤转化实践的教育培训减轻课堂上的行为挑战
Q3 Social Sciences Pub Date : 2023-05-27 DOI: 10.5296/ijld.v13i2.20982
Veronica L. Ford, Kimberly Haigh, G. Hernández
Trauma and toxic stress are known to have devastating effects on child development and the number of children reporting Adverse Childhood Experiences (ACEs) is continuously on the rise. Exposure to trauma has been proven detrimental to children’s mental and physical health, socio-emotional wellbeing, behavior, and academic performance leading to decreased school engagement, and increased high school dropout rates. Additionally, the negative effects of trauma and adversity on students’ abilities to process and retain information are sometimes outwardly manifested in the learning environment making classroom management and teaching challenging for educators. Educators have a unique opportunity to intervene and provide support to negate the effects of childhood trauma and ACEs by utilizing trauma-informed practices with their students. This paper explores how engaging education professionals in training on the implementation of trauma-transformational practices - through Child Wellness Institute’s Healing Hearts Series: Trauma 101 Workshop - promotes their ability to build healthy connections with their students that foster healing while learning and improves educational outcomes.
众所周知,创伤和毒性压力对儿童发育具有破坏性影响,报告不良童年经历(ace)的儿童人数不断上升。创伤暴露已被证明对儿童的身心健康、社会情感健康、行为和学习成绩有害,导致学校参与度下降,高中辍学率上升。此外,创伤和逆境对学生处理和保留信息能力的负面影响有时会在学习环境中表现出来,使课堂管理和教学对教育者构成挑战。教育工作者有一个独特的机会来干预和提供支持,通过对学生进行创伤知情的实践来消除童年创伤和ace的影响。本文探讨了如何让教育专业人员参与实施创伤转化实践的培训——通过儿童健康研究所的心灵愈合系列:创伤101研讨会——提高他们与学生建立健康联系的能力,从而在学习中促进愈合,提高教育成果。
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引用次数: 0
Social Studies Education: A Veritable Tool for Achieving Value Re-Orientation and Sustainable Development in Nigeria 社会学教育:尼日利亚实现价值重新定位和可持续发展的名副其实的工具
Q3 Social Sciences Pub Date : 2023-05-25 DOI: 10.5296/ijld.v13i2.21021
Mofoluwawo Esther Omoniyi
Education has been viewed by the international community as a fundamental human right and key development index. A key to sustainable development, peace and stability within and among countries. The rot in Nigerian society has affected the standard of value and moral character formation, greatly. This has manifested in so many anti-social vices exhibited by the Nigerian citizens. Antisocial vices exhibited include violent crimes, lack of accountability, greed, indiscipline, corruption, disrespect to constituted authority and a host of other vices. These have posed a serious moral problem for the Nigerian state and have set back all sincere efforts targeted at achieving sustainable development goals by 2030. This paper is out to examine how social studies education can serve as a veritable tool in achieving value re-orientation and sustainable development in Nigeria. The paper adopts descriptive approach and content analysis as its methodologies. Using a systematic random sampling method, a total of 100 respondents from five secondary schools in the two local government areas within Oyo metropolis was used. The data collected was analyzed using descriptive statistics of mean and standard deviation. The paper concludes that the problem is not lack of wealth but lack of essential value system in Nigerian society and that re – orientation in educational system would lead to redemption, and as well salvage the national character and image, which would lead to vibrant economy and sustainable development. The author suggests that the re - orientation of positive values through social studies education would promote national image, respect for human and corporate values while faithful and honest individual children and citizens should be rewarded and celebrated. It is high time the Nigerian government shunned the idea of celebrating mediocrity.
教育一直被国际社会视为一项基本人权和重要的发展指标。这是国家内部和国家间可持续发展、和平与稳定的关键。尼日利亚社会的腐败严重影响了价值标准和道德品质的形成。这表现在尼日利亚公民所表现出的许多反社会的恶习上。反社会的恶习包括暴力犯罪、缺乏责任感、贪婪、无纪律、腐败、不尊重权威和其他恶习。这给尼日利亚政府带来了严重的道德问题,并阻碍了所有旨在到2030年实现可持续发展目标的真诚努力。本文旨在探讨社会研究教育如何成为尼日利亚实现价值重新定位和可持续发展的真正工具。本文采用描述法和内容分析法作为研究方法。采用系统随机抽样的方法,共使用了来自Oyo大都市内两个地方政府区域的5所中学的100名受访者。收集的数据采用均值和标准差描述性统计进行分析。本文认为,尼日利亚社会的问题不在于缺乏财富,而在于缺乏基本的价值体系,教育体系的重新定位将带来救赎,并挽救国家的性格和形象,从而使经济充满活力和可持续发展。作者建议,通过社会研究教育重新定位积极的价值观,可以提升国家形象,尊重人类和企业价值观,同时应该奖励和赞扬忠诚和诚实的个人儿童和公民。现在是尼日利亚政府避免庆祝平庸的时候了。
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引用次数: 0
The Use of Open Educational Resources as Teaching Tools in Primary Education: Activities by Postgraduate Students of the Hellenic Open University 开放教育资源作为小学教学工具的运用:希腊开放大学研究生的活动
Q3 Social Sciences Pub Date : 2023-05-24 DOI: 10.5296/ijld.v13i3.21010
Filippos Evangelou
This paper attempts to explore the views of postgraduate students of the Hellenic Open University on the use of Open Educational Resources (OER) as teaching tools in teaching and learning for primary school students and more specifically the potential and limitations of OER. In this context, the research sample consisted of twenty-six (26) postgraduate students of the Hellenic Open University, who simultaneously worked as teachers in various Primary Schools in Greece. The sampling method followed was “convenience sampling”. The research tool for data collection was the use of an appropriately designed anonymous questionnaire in the form of a written questionnaire. It contained two open-ended questions which were considered - for the purposes of the research - as a questionnaire in the form of an open-ended structured interview.  From the analysis and processing of the research data, the main conclusions are: i) the main potentials of OER as teaching tools recorded by the research subjects are open and easy access to information and virtual environments, reuse and continuous adaptation, modernization and innovation, variety and different forms of OER, saving financial resources, saving time for the teacher, etc. ii) the main constraints are the difficulty of quality control of OER, copyright restrictions, the lack of pedagogical and teaching criteria, the lack of logistical infrastructure, the need for internet access, the amount of time the teacher has to spend to identify them, the lack of knowledge and training on OER, the difficulty of finding OER relevant to the subjects, the lack of accessibility tools for students with special educational needs.
本文试图探讨希腊开放大学的研究生对在小学生的教学和学习中使用开放教育资源(OER)作为教学工具的看法,更具体地说,OER的潜力和局限性。在此背景下,研究样本由希腊开放大学的26名研究生组成,他们同时在希腊各所小学担任教师。采用“方便抽样”的抽样方法。数据收集的研究工具是使用适当设计的书面问卷形式的匿名问卷。它包含两个开放式问题,为了研究的目的,这两个问题被认为是开放式结构化访谈形式的问卷。通过对研究数据的分析和处理,主要得出以下结论:i)研究对象记录的OER作为教学工具的主要潜力是信息和虚拟环境的开放和易于获取、重用和持续适应、现代化和创新、OER形式的多样化和不同、节省财政资源、节省教师时间等。ii)主要制约因素是OER质量控制的困难、版权限制、教学和教学标准的缺乏、后勤基础设施的缺乏;对互联网接入的需求,教师必须花费大量时间来识别它们,缺乏关于开放式教育资源的知识和培训,寻找与主题相关的开放式教育资源的困难,缺乏为有特殊教育需求的学生提供的无障碍工具。
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引用次数: 0
From Data to Insights: An Analysis of Enrollment, Retention and Completion Rates at the Cagayan State University 从数据到洞察:卡加延州立大学的入学、保留和完成率分析
Q3 Social Sciences Pub Date : 2023-05-11 DOI: 10.5296/ijld.v13i2.20896
E. Bravo
This study utilized the data visualization technique to explore the enrollment and graduation data of Cagayan State University- Carig Campus (CSU Carig). The study analyzed data for first-time full-time first year students entering the university from the first semester of school year 2018-2019 school year to the second semester of school year 2021-2022.The findings revealed that there were more female students enrolled in the eight colleges of the campus than male students, with the average ratio being 6:7. Most colleges had retention rates of 85% or greater, which was relatively high. However, the College of Veterinary Medicine had a retention rate of 72.47% in 2021–2022 which was substantially lower than that of the other colleges.The study also found that in terms of gender, the retention rates varied significantly across the colleges. The College of Industrial Technology has the largest male to female ratio, which may indicate that the technical and blue collar-related nature of the degrees it offers may draw a greater share of male students. On the other hand, the College of Arts and Sciences   has the lowest male to female ratio, which suggests that women are more likely to pursue careers in the humanities, social sciences, and the arts.The retention rate for male students at the College of Engineering and Architecture was 62.13% in the academic year 2019–2020, but it significantly rose to 92.63% in 2020-2021 and 88.45% in 2021-2022, while it remained consistently higher than 80% for female students throughout all three academic years.With 100% of students graduating in the academic year 2021–2022, the College of Medicine achieved the highest graduation rate. These findings provide useful insights for CSU Carig that can help them in their decision-making about academic programs, student support services, and overall institutional performance.
本研究利用数据可视化技术,对卡加延州立大学卡里格校区(CSU卡里格校区)的入学和毕业数据进行了研究。该研究分析了从2018-2019学年第一学期到2021-2022学年第二学期进入大学的首次全日制一年级学生的数据。调查结果显示,该校8个学院的女生比男生多,男女比例平均为6:7。大多数大学的留校率都在85%以上,这是相对较高的。然而,兽医学院在2021-2022年度的保有率为72.47%,远低于其他学院。研究还发现,就性别而言,各个学院的留校率差异很大。工业技术学院的男女比例最大,这可能表明它提供的学位的技术和蓝领相关性质可能会吸引更多的男性学生。另一方面,文理学院的男女比例最低,这表明女性更有可能追求人文、社会科学和艺术方面的职业。2019-2020学年,工程与建筑学院男学生的保留率为62.13%,但在2020-2021学年和2021-2022学年,这一比例显著上升至92.63%和88.45%,而在所有三个学年中,女学生的保留率一直高于80%。医学院以100%的学生在2021-2022学年毕业,取得了最高的毕业率。这些发现为CSU Carig提供了有用的见解,可以帮助他们在学术项目、学生支持服务和整体机构绩效方面做出决策。
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引用次数: 0
Giftedness as Disorder: Examining the Dimensionality of the Debate 作为障碍的天赋:检查辩论的维度
Q3 Social Sciences Pub Date : 2023-04-26 DOI: 10.5296/ijld.v13i2.20939
Robb Elton
Determining what must be included in a common description for what constitutes disorder is a crucial task for resolving the debate over whether giftedness is a disorder, and if ethics/responsibility demands its inclusion in the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual (DSM). Without a clear and agreed-upon definition of what constitutes a disorder, it is difficult to make meaningful comparisons between different conditions or to assess the relative costs and benefits of including certain conditions in future DSM editions. Moreover, it is important to establish clear criteria for what constitutes a disorder non-illness (DNI) and disorder underlying-illness (DUNI) as spectral in the context of mental health, education, and intelligence research, drawing on the insights and expertise of researchers, clinicians—including the gifted. By doing so, we can promote a more productive and evidence-based conversation around the inclusion of giftedness in the DSM and whether giftedness demands heightened, and just attention, which would invigorate the perspectives of social inclusion and social acceptance thereby. Using thematic analysis to evaluate arguments has contributed to the suggestion that a resolution to this argument already exists.
要解决关于天赋是否是一种障碍,以及道德/责任是否要求将其纳入诊断与统计手册(DSM)的争论,确定在构成障碍的共同描述中必须包括哪些内容是一项至关重要的任务。如果没有一个明确的、一致同意的定义,就很难对不同的病症进行有意义的比较,也很难评估在未来的DSM版本中纳入某些病症的相对成本和收益。此外,在心理健康、教育和智力研究的背景下,利用研究人员、临床医生——包括天才——的见解和专业知识,建立明确的标准,确定什么是障碍性非疾病(DNI)和障碍性潜在疾病(DUNI)。通过这样做,我们可以促进一个更有成效和基于证据的对话,围绕在DSM中纳入天赋,以及天赋是否需要加强和仅仅关注,这将激发社会包容和社会接受的观点。使用主题分析来评价争论有助于提出这个争论的解决方案已经存在。
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引用次数: 0
Engaging Students in Retrieval Practice Over Academic Breaks 利用课间休息时间让学生参与检索练习
Q3 Social Sciences Pub Date : 2023-04-25 DOI: 10.5296/ijld.v13i2.20819
C. van de Sande
Students lose valuable ground over breaks from school, and this issue is even more problematic given the detrimental effects of the COVID-19 pandemic on student progress and learning. The Keep in School Shape (KiSS) Program represents a way of engaging students in reviewing previously learned material that they need to maintain over academic breaks. The KiSS program repurposes existing online survey software to nudge students to engage in daily retrieval practice opportunities via text message or email, together with supporting resources, including hints, solutions, and empowering feedback messages. This paper describes the design of the KiSS Program and presents select results for a run of the KiSS Program during the 2022 winter break involving introductory level Calculus students at a large university. Findings indicate that such a program can get students to voluntarily rehearse previously learned material over breaks from school, and that students use the program in ways that are consistent with a growth mindset.
学生们在休学期间失去了宝贵的学习机会,考虑到2019冠状病毒病大流行对学生的进步和学习产生的不利影响,这个问题就更成问题了。KiSS (Keep in School Shape)项目是一种让学生在课间休息时复习之前学过的材料的方法。KiSS计划重新利用现有的在线调查软件,通过短信或电子邮件,以及支持资源,包括提示、解决方案和授权反馈信息,推动学生参与日常检索练习机会。本文描述了KiSS项目的设计,并介绍了2022年寒假期间KiSS项目的选择结果,该项目涉及一所大型大学的微积分入门级学生。研究结果表明,这样的项目可以让学生在休息时间自愿排练以前学过的材料,并且学生以与成长心态一致的方式使用该项目。
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引用次数: 0
A Quantitative Study on A Relationship between Job Motivators and Organizational Commitment 工作激励因素与组织承诺关系的定量研究
Q3 Social Sciences Pub Date : 2023-04-11 DOI: 10.5296/ijld.v13i1.20724
The study aims to investigate the job motivators (JMs) that support organizational commitment (OC) for Vietnamese banking service personnel. There are six motivators: Work-itself; Working Physical Environment; Opportunities for promotion; Wages; Subsidies and Fringe Benefits; Relationships with Coworkers and Higher-ups. This study’s theoretical methodology is to analyze JMs among banking service employees. Additionally, to enhance these theories regarding research variables, the previous constructs were utilized. The Likert scale is the quantitative data collection tool. Finally, a research framework is developed along with a fresh questionnaire.In the study, an integrated model was hypothesized, and six motivators directly impacted OC. Further, this research also investigated the relationship between associations between OC and several personal and professional traits (e.g., Age, Sex, Marital status, Education, Job position, Knowledge about labor law, Tenure in a job, Job role, Monthly income, and Type of bank). This research evaluated Vietnamese banking service employees’ attitudes and perceptions regarding OC. The 521 paper questionnaires are distributed to all Vietnamese banking service personnel. After reviewed, 96% of them responded the questionnaires. Frequencies, percentages and corresponding statistics are calculated for all socio-demographic variables. To assess the job correlation index’s motivators, Cronbach’s alpha was calculated. Each factor’s mean and standard deviation were recorded. For each variable in the quantitative model, Pearman’s correlation was computed. In order to identify the predictors of both overall satisfaction and OC, multiple regression analysis was utilized.
本研究旨在探讨支持越南银行服务人员组织承诺的工作激励因素。有六种激励因素:工作本身;工作物理环境;晋升机会;工资;津贴及附带福利;与同事和上级的关系。本研究的理论方法是分析银行服务员工中的JMs。此外,为了加强这些关于研究变量的理论,我们利用了以前的结构。李克特量表是定量数据收集工具。最后,开发了一个研究框架和一个新的调查问卷。在本研究中,我们假设了一个整合的模型,六个激励因素直接影响OC。此外,本研究还探讨了职业操守与年龄、性别、婚姻状况、教育程度、工作职位、劳动法知识、任职期限、工作角色、月收入、银行类型等个人和职业特征的关联关系。本研究评估越南银行服务业员工对OC的态度与认知。521份纸质问卷分发给所有越南银行服务人员。经过审核,96%的学生回答了问卷。计算所有社会人口变量的频率、百分比和相应的统计数据。为了评估工作相关指数的激励因素,我们计算了Cronbach’s alpha。记录各因子的均值和标准差。对于定量模型中的每个变量,计算Pearman相关。为了确定整体满意度和工作效率的预测因子,我们采用多元回归分析。
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引用次数: 0
Collaborative Τeaching as a Social form of Organizing Teaching in Primary Education: Views and Attitudes of Greek Teachers 协作Τeaching作为小学教育组织教学的社会形式:希腊教师的观点和态度
Q3 Social Sciences Pub Date : 2023-04-07 DOI: 10.5296/ijld.v13i2.20889
Filippos Evangelou
The purpose of this study is to investigate the views and attitudes of active Greek teachers in Primary Education on the implementation of Collaborative Teaching (CT) as a social form of teaching organization regarding the way of cooperation and organization of relationships between students during the teaching and learning process. More specifically, it seeks to investigate whether the application of CT ensures students’ active participation in the learning and teaching process, creates friendly relationships between group members, improves students’ social skills, limits individuality and engages students’ self-expression, and improves students’ academic performance compared to traditional teaching where they work individually. The research sample consisted of two hundred and ten Greek teachers. A structured questionnaire was used to conduct the research and collect data. The main findings of the research are summarized as follows: (i) A fairly high percentage of teachers state that the implementation of CT ensures the active participation of students in the learning and teaching process, creates friendly relationships between group members and improves students’ social skills; (ii) A high percentage of teachers state that the implementation of CT improves students’ academic performance compared to traditional teaching where they work individually.
本研究的目的是调查小学希腊文教师在实施合作教学(Collaborative Teaching, CT)作为一种社会形式的教学组织时,对教与学过程中学生之间的合作方式和关系组织的看法和态度。更具体地说,它旨在调查CT的应用是否能确保学生积极参与学习和教学过程,在小组成员之间建立友好的关系,提高学生的社交技能,限制个性并促进学生的自我表达,以及与传统教学相比,学生的学习成绩得到提高。研究样本包括210名希腊教师。使用结构化问卷进行研究和收集数据。本研究的主要发现如下:(i)相当高比例的教师表示,实施CT确保学生积极参与学习和教学过程,建立小组成员之间的友好关系,提高学生的社交技能;(ii)较高比例的教师表示,与传统的单独教学相比,CT的实施提高了学生的学习成绩。
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引用次数: 0
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International Journal of Technological Learning, Innovation and Development
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