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Study of Expression of P16 in Premalignant and Malignant Lesions of Penis and Their Significance. 阴茎癌前病变和恶性病变中 P16 表达及其意义研究
Q3 Medicine Pub Date : 2024-01-01 Epub Date: 2024-03-29 DOI: 10.30699/IJP.2024.1998898.3092
Manish Shetty, Deepa Sowkur Anandarama Adiga, Chaithra G V

Background & objective: Penile squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) is an extremely rare malignancy. It is usually caused by chronic human papillomavirus (HPV) 16 and HPV 18 infections. This study was conducted to investigate the immunohistochemical overexpression of p16, a surrogate marker for HPV, and to evaluate its usefulness as a potential diagnostic biomarker.

Methods: In this cross-sectional prospective and retrospective cohort study, 56 penile squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) specimens and five penile premalignant specimens were evaluated in Kasturba Medical College, Mangalore, India, from January 2013- December 2018 in terms of clinical and histopathological features. Immunohistochemical expression for p16 in cases and controls was evaluated. Statistical comparison of p16 expression among clinical features, histological subtype, grade, and stages of tumor were done.

Results: Analysis of the pattern of p16 staining showed diffuse and strong nuclear and cytoplasmic expression in 32.8% of the cases. There was a highly significant association (P<0.001) of pattern of p16 expression among the HPV and non-HPV subtypes of penile carcinoma. p16 expression was not significantly associated with other prognostic parameters like site of the lesion, lymphovascular invasion, perineural invasion, histologic grade, and pathologic stage.

Conclusion: Expression of p16 would be a useful tool in differentiation between the HPV-associated and non-HPV-associated subtypes of penile SCC that may be helpful in prediction of aggressiveness and invasive potential of the respective histologic subtypes.

背景与目的:阴茎鳞状细胞癌(SCC)是一种极为罕见的恶性肿瘤。它通常由慢性人乳头瘤病毒(HPV)16 和 HPV 18 感染引起。本研究旨在调查 HPV 的替代标记物 p16 的免疫组化过表达情况,并评估其作为潜在诊断生物标记物的有用性:在这项横断面前瞻性和回顾性队列研究中,2013年1月至2018年12月期间,印度芒格洛尔卡斯特尔巴医学院对56例阴茎鳞状细胞癌(SCC)标本和5例阴茎癌前病变标本进行了临床和组织病理学特征评估。评估了病例和对照组中 p16 的免疫组化表达。对不同临床特征、组织学亚型、肿瘤分级和分期的 p16 表达进行了统计比较:结果:对 p16 染色模式的分析显示,32.8% 的病例存在弥漫性强核和胞浆表达。结果:p16 染色模式分析显示,32.8%的病例存在弥漫性强核和强胞浆表达,与 PC 有高度相关性:p16的表达是区分阴茎SCC中HPV相关亚型和非HPV相关亚型的有用工具,可能有助于预测各组织学亚型的侵袭性和侵袭潜力。
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引用次数: 0
Pediatric Inflammatory Myofibroblastic Tumor of Rectosigmoid Junction: A Case Report and Review of the Literature. 小儿直肠乙状结肠交界处炎性肌母细胞瘤:病例报告和文献综述。
Q3 Medicine Pub Date : 2024-01-01 Epub Date: 2023-12-29 DOI: 10.30699/ijp.2024.2003653.3122
Mahsa Soti Khiabani, Maryam Monajemzadeh, Hojatollah Raji, Fatemeh Zamani, Mohammad Vaseie, Neda Pak

The occurrence of rectosigmoid junction inflammatory myofibroblastic tumor (IMT) is uncommon in children. This is a rare form of mesenchymal tumor, belonging to the category of soft tissue tumors, and can be found at any anatomical site from the central nervous system to the gastrointestinal tract. Our patient was a 10-year-old male subject complaining of lack of defecation and constipation. The patient had decreased the frequency of defecation and constipation about two weeks before his referral and had not improved despite the use of laxatives. The abdomen was completely distended and there was no tenderness or guarding in the examination. Several airfluid levels are shown on the abdominal X-ray. In the ultrasound, free fluid was reported in the interlobular and pelvic spaces. The patient was transferred into the operating room. A tumor of the rectosigmoid junction was detected. Histopathologic studies showed evidence of IMT. IMT is a rare neoplasm of unknown origin, which may occur in various sites of the body. Complete surgical removal is usually curative, but early detection of recurrence is required. Treatment options include chemotherapy, radiation therapy, and immunotherapy. Further investigations are needed to improve the understanding and management of this rare tumor.

直肠乙状结肠交界处炎性肌纤维母细胞瘤(IMT)在儿童中并不常见。这是一种罕见的间叶肿瘤,属于软组织肿瘤,可发生在从中枢神经系统到胃肠道的任何解剖部位。我们的患者是一名 10 岁男性,主诉排便不畅和便秘。在转诊前两周左右,患者的排便和便秘次数减少,尽管使用了泻药,但情况仍未改善。腹部完全胀满,检查时没有触痛或压迫感。腹部 X 光片显示有多处积气。超声波检查显示,小叶间隙和骨盆间隙有游离液体。患者被转入手术室。发现直肠乙状结肠交界处有肿瘤。组织病理学研究显示,该肿瘤为IMT。IMT是一种原因不明的罕见肿瘤,可能发生在身体的不同部位。完全手术切除通常可以治愈,但需要及早发现复发。治疗方法包括化疗、放疗和免疫疗法。为了更好地了解和治疗这种罕见肿瘤,还需要进一步的研究。
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引用次数: 0
Prospective Analytical Case-Control Study of COVID-19 Positive Versus Negative Patients for Subclinical Placental Dysfunction. COVID-19阳性与阴性患者亚临床胎盘功能障碍的前瞻性分析病例对照研究
Q3 Medicine Pub Date : 2024-01-01 Epub Date: 2024-07-24 DOI: 10.30699/IJP.2024.2017566.3225
Poojan Dogra Marwaha, Jyoti Bala, Suchi Sharma, Asmita Kaundal, Neha Chauhan

Background & objective: Placenta provides nutrition and protection from various infections and toxins to the baby while they are in the mother's womb. The present study was done to see the effects of coronavirus infection on the placenta of infected mothers and the final pregnancy outcome.

Methods: A total of 50 antenatal women (25 infected with coronavirus and 25 uninfected women) were enrolled and their placentae were examined for any significant histopathological changes. These changes were then correlated with the final pregnancy outcome.

Results: A significant number of placentae from infected mothers demonstrated features of maternal (54%) and fetal malperfusion (76%). However, no significant adverse pregnancy outcome was noted.

Conclusion: Increased rates of maternal malperfusion, and fetal malperfusion may be seen in placentae from infected women. However, these changes may not progress to any adverse fetal outcomes.

背景和目的:胎盘为胎儿在母体内提供营养,并保护胎儿免受各种感染和毒素的侵害。本研究旨在了解冠状病毒感染对受感染母亲胎盘的影响以及最终的妊娠结果:方法:共招募了 50 名产前妇女(25 名感染冠状病毒的妇女和 25 名未受感染的妇女),对她们的胎盘进行检查,以确定是否存在明显的组织病理学变化。然后将这些变化与最终的妊娠结果联系起来:结果:大量受感染母亲的胎盘表现出母体(54%)和胎儿(76%)灌注不良的特征。结论:受感染母亲的胎盘中,母体(54%)和胎儿(76%)有灌注不良的特征,但没有发现明显的不良妊娠结局:结论:受感染妇女的胎盘可能会出现母体灌注不良和胎儿灌注不良的情况。结论:受感染妇女的胎盘可能会增加母体灌注不良和胎儿灌注不良的比例,但这些变化可能不会对胎儿造成任何不良后果。
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引用次数: 0
Evaluation of Secondary Bacterial Infections and Determination of Antibiogram Susceptibility Testing in Hospitalized Patients with COVID-19.
Q3 Medicine Pub Date : 2024-01-01 Epub Date: 2024-10-02 DOI: 10.30699/IJP.2024.2006587.3141
Tahmineh Mollasharifi, Mahmoud Zamani, Atoosa Gharib

Background & objective: COVID-19 is a global pandemic that has caused an increase in hospitalization rates and high mortality. Secondary bacterial infections in hospitalized patients are one of the common complications of this viral disease. Due to the increased prevalence of antibiotic resistance, treating these patients is challenging. Therefore, this study aimed to evaluate the secondary bacterial infection and antimicrobial sensitivity test in hospitalized patients with COVID-19 in a tertiary hospital.

Methods: In this retrospective descriptive study, all patients with COVID-19 who were admitted to Shahid Modares Hospital (Tehran-Iran) from October 2020 to March 2021 with positive culture results for bacterial infections, were assessed. The significance level was lower than 0.05.

Results: Ninety-seven patients with a mean age of 65.23 ± 16.72 years were assessed. The male patients accounted for 58.8% of the patients, while 41.2% were female. The ICU admitted patients with critical COVID-19 severity accounted for 59.8%, while 40.2% were hospitalized in the ward with a severe form of the disease. Age, length of hospitalization, and mortality rate were significantly higher in patients with ICU admission (all P-values<0.05). The most antibiotic-resistant bacteria were Klebsiella pneumoniae (32.98%). ICU admission showed a significantly higher rate in patients who were resistant to Cefotaxime, Ceftriaxone, Gentamicin, and Co-trimoxazole compared to the patients who were hospitalized in the ward (all P-values<0.05).

Conclusion: Secondary bacterial infection in hospitalized patients with COVID-19 may lead to high mortality.

背景与目的:COVID-19 是一种全球性流行病,导致住院率和死亡率上升。住院患者继发细菌感染是这种病毒性疾病的常见并发症之一。由于抗生素耐药性的增加,治疗这些患者具有挑战性。因此,本研究旨在评估一家三甲医院 COVID-19 住院患者的继发性细菌感染和抗菌药物敏感性试验:在这项回顾性描述性研究中,对 2020 年 10 月至 2021 年 3 月期间在伊朗德黑兰 Shahid Modares 医院住院、细菌感染培养结果呈阳性的所有 COVID-19 患者进行了评估。显著性水平低于 0.05:接受评估的 97 名患者的平均年龄为 65.23±16.72 岁。男性患者占 58.8%,女性患者占 41.2%。重症监护室收治的 COVID-19 重症患者占 59.8%,而在病房住院的重症患者占 40.2%。入住重症监护室的患者的年龄、住院时间和死亡率都明显较高(所有 P 值均为肺炎克雷伯菌(32.98%)。与在病房住院的患者相比,入住重症监护室的患者对头孢他啶、头孢曲松、庆大霉素和复方新诺明的耐药率明显更高(所有 P 值均为结论:结论:COVID-19住院患者的继发性细菌感染可能会导致高死亡率。
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引用次数: 0
Is Oral Mucosal Micronucleus Testing an Effective Tool for Biomonitoring Pathology Laboratory Workers Chronically Exposed to Formalin?
Q3 Medicine Pub Date : 2024-01-01 Epub Date: 2024-10-15 DOI: 10.30699/ijp.2024.2017360.3224
Rosana Xavier, Andrea Cristina de Moraes Malinverni, Thiago Guedes Pinto, Fernando Cintra Magalhaes, Daniel Araki Ribeiro
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引用次数: 0
Role of Notch1 Signaling Pathway in Small Cell Lung Carcinoma.
Q3 Medicine Pub Date : 2024-01-01 Epub Date: 2024-10-30 DOI: 10.30699/IJP.2024.2013339.3184
Mohammed Ahmed Charbat, Yousuf Hafez Abdulhalim, Mohammed Abdullatif Alrabeei, Wael Abdo Hassan

Lung cancer is the leading cause of cancer-related death around the globe. It is generally divided into small-cell and non-small-cell lung carcinomas. Small-cell lung cancer (SCLC) is a malignant tumor characterized by rapid growth, high metastatic potential, and a frequent rate of relapse after chemotherapy. All the features may worse aggressiveness of this cancer and increase the possibility of unsuccessful therapeutic attempts. Notch1 signaling is a crucial molecular pathway in the regulation of many cellular functions, including cell-cell communication and gene regulation. Moreover, it was proposed previously that Notch1 might be oncogenic in various types of cancer, but the question arises as to why many SCLC cell lines do not express this pathway. This review aims to explore the role of this complex pathway in SCLC in both vitro and vivo studies and whether it has a tumor-promoting or suppressive effect. After an extensive literature review, it was found that the expression of Notch1 signaling in SCLC reduces its proliferative ability while promoting increased cell apoptosis. Furthermore, it reduces cell motility, invasion, and metastatic ability and enhances cell-cell adhesion by inhibiting epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT). Furthermore, it contributes to cell chemo-resistance by altering multidrug resistance-associated protein-1 (MRP-1), demonstrating an overall tumor-suppressive effect. Given these findings, induction of Notch1 using histone deacetylase inhibitor (HDACi) may be a potential future therapeutic strategy for SCLC management. Nevertheless, the effect of such a sophisticated signaling pathway in tumor carcinogenesis can't be generalized to all human cancers, and further studies are needed to better tailor therapeutic plans based on the specific cellular context.

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引用次数: 0
Outcomes of Patients with COVID-19 and Fungal Coinfections: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis Study. COVID-19 和真菌合并感染患者的疗效:系统回顾与元分析研究
Q3 Medicine Pub Date : 2024-01-01 Epub Date: 2024-02-15 DOI: 10.30699/IJP.2024.2010087.3160
Sadegh Khodavaisy, Haleh Sarrafnia, Alireza Abdollahi

Background & objective: Fungal co-infections increase the incidence and mortality of viral respiratory tract infections. This study systematically reviews and conducts a meta-analysis to evaluate the prevalence of COVID-19 patients with fungal coinfections. The aim is to provide a concise overview of the impact of these infections on patient outcomes especially association with risk of mortality, informing future research and optimizing patient management strategies.

Methods: To identify relevant studies on COVID-19 patients, we conducted a systematic search of databases from the beginning of the year until July 2023, including fungal co-infections, mortality, and sequelae. Eligibility criteria were developed using the PICO framework, and data extraction was carried out separately by two authors using standard techniques. Statistical analysis was performed using the correlation model and differences between studies were evaluated using the I2 test. R and RStudio were used for statistical analysis and visualization.

Results: We initially identified 6,764 studies, and after checking for equivalence and consistency, 41 studies were included in the final analysis. The overall COVID-19 odds ratio for people who died from fungal infections was 2.65, indicating that patients infected with both COVID-19 and fungal infections had a higher risk of death compared to patients with COVID-19 alone. Specifically, COVID-19-associated pulmonary aspergillosis (CAPA) has a higher odds ratio of 3.36, while COVID-19-associated candidiasis (CAC) has an odds ratio of 1.84, and both are much more associated with death. However, coinfection of the fungus with other fungal species did not show a significant difference in the risk of mortality.

Conclusion: This study identified CAPA and CAC as the most common infections acquired in healthcare settings. Fungal coinfections may be associated with an increased risk of death in COVID-19 patients.

背景与目的:真菌合并感染会增加病毒性呼吸道感染的发病率和死亡率。本研究系统回顾并进行了荟萃分析,以评估 COVID-19 患者合并真菌感染的发病率。目的是简明扼要地概述这些感染对患者预后的影响,尤其是与死亡风险的关联,为未来研究和优化患者管理策略提供参考:为了确定关于 COVID-19 患者的相关研究,我们对年初至 2023 年 7 月的数据库进行了系统检索,包括真菌合并感染、死亡率和后遗症。采用 PICO 框架制定了资格标准,数据提取由两位作者使用标准技术分别进行。统计分析采用相关模型,研究之间的差异采用 I2 检验进行评估。统计分析和可视化使用了 R 和 RStudio:我们初步确定了 6764 项研究,在检查了等效性和一致性后,最终分析纳入了 41 项研究。死于真菌感染的COVID-19患者的总体几率比为2.65,这表明同时感染COVID-19和真菌感染的患者与仅感染COVID-19的患者相比死亡风险更高。具体来说,COVID-19相关性肺曲霉菌病(CAPA)的几率比为3.36,而COVID-19相关性念珠菌病(CAC)的几率比为1.84,两者与死亡的相关性更高。然而,与其他真菌共感染的真菌在死亡风险上并无显著差异:这项研究发现,CAPA 和 CAC 是医疗机构中最常见的感染。真菌合并感染可能与 COVID-19 患者死亡风险的增加有关。
{"title":"Outcomes of Patients with COVID-19 and Fungal Coinfections: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis Study.","authors":"Sadegh Khodavaisy, Haleh Sarrafnia, Alireza Abdollahi","doi":"10.30699/IJP.2024.2010087.3160","DOIUrl":"10.30699/IJP.2024.2010087.3160","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background & objective: </strong>Fungal co-infections increase the incidence and mortality of viral respiratory tract infections. This study systematically reviews and conducts a meta-analysis to evaluate the prevalence of COVID-19 patients with fungal coinfections. The aim is to provide a concise overview of the impact of these infections on patient outcomes especially association with risk of mortality, informing future research and optimizing patient management strategies.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>To identify relevant studies on COVID-19 patients, we conducted a systematic search of databases from the beginning of the year until July 2023, including fungal co-infections, mortality, and sequelae. Eligibility criteria were developed using the PICO framework, and data extraction was carried out separately by two authors using standard techniques. Statistical analysis was performed using the correlation model and differences between studies were evaluated using the I2 test. R and RStudio were used for statistical analysis and visualization.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>We initially identified 6,764 studies, and after checking for equivalence and consistency, 41 studies were included in the final analysis. The overall COVID-19 odds ratio for people who died from fungal infections was 2.65, indicating that patients infected with both COVID-19 and fungal infections had a higher risk of death compared to patients with COVID-19 alone. Specifically, COVID-19-associated pulmonary aspergillosis (CAPA) has a higher odds ratio of 3.36, while COVID-19-associated candidiasis (CAC) has an odds ratio of 1.84, and both are much more associated with death. However, coinfection of the fungus with other fungal species did not show a significant difference in the risk of mortality.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>This study identified CAPA and CAC as the most common infections acquired in healthcare settings. Fungal coinfections may be associated with an increased risk of death in COVID-19 patients.</p>","PeriodicalId":38900,"journal":{"name":"Iranian Journal of Pathology","volume":"19 2","pages":"136-147"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11304463/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141907839","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Histopathological Examination of Lung Necropsy of 11 Patients Who Died Due to COVID-19: A Case Series. 11 名因 COVID-19 死亡患者的肺部组织病理学检查:病例系列。
Q3 Medicine Pub Date : 2024-01-01 Epub Date: 2023-12-29 DOI: 10.30699/IJP.2023.2008773.3153
Bahram Nikkhoo, Karim Naseri, Ramyar Rahimi Darehbagh, Mehrdad Habiby, Bahar Moasses-Ghafari

COVID-19 is known to present with acute respiratory distress syndrome pathological manifestations. Studies have shown that patients with COVID-19 can develop diffuse alveolar damage, acute bronchopneumonia, necrotic bronchiolitis, and viral pneumonia. In this study, we investigated 11 cases. Needle necropsies of 11 patients, hospitalized at Tohid and Kowsar hospitals of Kurdistan University of Medical Sciences, with a positive antemortem SARS-CoV-2 (COVID-19) real-time PCR test, were fixated within 3 hours after death in the negative-pressure isolation morgue. The participants included six men (54%) and five women (46%) with a mean age of 73.82±10.58 (52-86) years old. The average hospitalization was 14.27±15.72 days. The results showed interstitial lymphocytic pneumonitis in most of the cases, varied from mild to moderate and up to severe in some cases. In 7 cases, anthracosis was noted, while one case demonstrated anthracosis with fibrosis. The hyaline membrane was reported in two patients. In one case, severe interstitial lymphocytic pneumonia with intra-alveolar exudate with organization, lithiasis, bronchiolitis pattern (BOOP), intra-alveolar hemorrhage, and mild fibrosis were seen. As a result, it is suggested to keep an eye on these pathologies in management of the severe cases of COVID-19 infection.

据了解,COVID-19 具有急性呼吸窘迫综合征的病理表现。研究表明,COVID-19 患者可出现弥漫性肺泡损伤、急性支气管肺炎、坏死性支气管炎和病毒性肺炎。在本研究中,我们调查了 11 个病例。库尔德斯坦医科大学 Tohid 和 Kowsar 医院的 11 名患者死前 SARS-CoV-2 (COVID-19) 实时 PCR 检测结果呈阳性,死后 3 小时内被固定在负压隔离停尸房。参与者包括 6 名男性(54%)和 5 名女性(46%),平均年龄为 73.82±10.58(52-86)岁。平均住院时间为(14.27±15.72)天。结果显示,大多数病例为间质性淋巴细胞性肺炎,病情从轻度到中度不等,部分病例病情严重。有 7 例出现炭疽,1 例炭疽伴有纤维化。有两名患者出现了透明膜。一例患者出现严重的间质性淋巴细胞肺炎,肺泡内渗出物伴有组织、碎石、支气管炎模式(BOOP)、肺泡内出血和轻度纤维化。因此,建议在处理 COVID-19 感染的重症病例时关注这些病变。
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引用次数: 0
Role of CTLA4 and pSTAT3 Immunostaining in Prognosis and Treatment of the Colorectal Carcinoma. CTLA4 和 pSTAT3 免疫染色在结直肠癌的预后和治疗中的作用
Q3 Medicine Pub Date : 2024-01-01 Epub Date: 2024-03-29 DOI: 10.30699/IJP.2024.2009619.3158
Dina Mohamed Allam, Hend Kasem, Amira Hegazy, Shereen F Mahmoud

Background & objective: Colorectal carcinoma (CRC) is the third leading cause of cancer-caused death worldwide and constitutes about 6.48% of all malignancies in Egypt. Studying the molecular profile of CRC is essential for developing targeted therapies. STAT3 and CTLA4 expression are considered as molecular abnormalities involved in the CRC progression and chemo-resistance. Therefore, they could be used as potential therapeutic targets. This study aimed to evaluate pSTAT3 and CTLA4 expression levels and their possible roles as prognostic and predictive biomarkers in CRC using immunohistochemistry (IHC).

Methods: This retrospective study included 113 CRC patients. Tissue microarrays were constructed, followed by pSTAT3 and CTLA4 antibodies immunostaining. Their expression was assessed and compared with the clinicopathological parameters and survival data.

Results: Both pSTAT3 and CTLA4 overexpression were significantly associated with poor prognostic parameters, such as the presence of distant metastasis (P=0.02 & 0.03), high grade (P<0.001 & 0.03), high mitotic count (P<0.001 & 0.03), high tumor budding group (P=0.008 & 0.04), infiltrating tumor border (P<0.001 & 0.007) respectively, and advanced pathological stage with pSTAT3 (P=0.02). A significant association was found between overexpression of both markers and short overall survival. Correlations between the H-score of pSTAT3 and CTLA4 in CRC showed a significant positive correlation (P<0.001).

Conclusion: STAT3 and CTLA4 positivity may be linked to the development and progression of the CRC, and they may provide potential prognostic indicators and therapeutic targets for CRC patients.

背景与目的:结直肠癌(CRC)是全球第三大癌症致死病因,在埃及约占所有恶性肿瘤的 6.48%。研究 CRC 的分子特征对于开发靶向疗法至关重要。STAT3 和 CTLA4 的表达被认为是参与 CRC 进展和化疗耐药性的分子异常。因此,它们可作为潜在的治疗靶点。本研究旨在利用免疫组化技术(IHC)评估 pSTAT3 和 CTLA4 的表达水平及其作为 CRC 预后和预测生物标志物的可能作用:这项回顾性研究纳入了 113 例 CRC 患者。方法:这项回顾性研究纳入了 113 例 CRC 患者,构建了组织芯片,然后进行 pSTAT3 和 CTLA4 抗体免疫染色。结果:pSTAT3 和 CTLA4 抗体的表达均呈阳性:结果:pSTAT3和CTLA4的过表达与预后不良参数显著相关,如远处转移(P=0.02和0.03)、高分级(PPP=0.008和0.04)、肿瘤边界浸润(PP=0.02)。这两种标记物的过表达与总生存期短之间存在明显关联。pSTAT3 和 CTLA4 在 CRC 中的 H 评分之间的相关性显示出明显的正相关(PConclusion:STAT3和CTLA4阳性可能与CRC的发生和发展有关,它们可能为CRC患者提供潜在的预后指标和治疗靶点。
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引用次数: 0
Activity Assessment of Antibiotics Used Against Different Bacterial Etiological Agents of UTI in Najaf, Iraq. 伊拉克纳杰夫地区针对不同细菌性尿路感染病原体所使用抗生素的活性评估。
Q3 Medicine Pub Date : 2024-01-01 Epub Date: 2024-08-09 DOI: 10.30699/ijp.2024.2027209.3293
Mohammed Jasim Al-Shamarti

Background & objective: Antibiotic resistance in urinary tract infection (UTI) is increasing nowadays, therefore, the aim of this study was to evaluate the resistance patterns of many pathogens toward several antibiotics that are in common use in our hospitals.

Methods: Subculture and identification of pathogenic bacteria were performed on 1148 hospitals' bacterial primary cultures which were considered positive for UTI. An antibiotic sensitivity test was performed by using the disc diffusion method. The rates of resistance were statistically analyzed and correlated with the types of antibiotics and bacteria.

Results: It was found that 1148 out of 2087 urine samples were UTI positive, the majority of cases (76%) were from females (P<0.0001). Escherichia coli and Klebsiella were the most isolated Gram-negative bacteria, while Staphylococcus spp. was the most isolated Gram-positive pathogen. E. coli showed the highest resistance rate among all bacteria, while Streptococcus spp. was the most sensitive. The highest resistance was noticed to be against gentamicin and ampicillin, while the most effective drugs were imipenem and amikacin. There was a significant difference in resistance rates among the different bacterial categories (P<0.0001), while no significant difference was noticed in resistance rates among antibiotics categories (P>0.05).

Conclusion: Elevated rates of antibiotic resistance were noticed in this study in UTI-causing bacteria; therefore, it is highly important at least to every general hospital to investigate the antibiotic resistance rates occasionally to determine the proper antimicrobial treatment as well as re-evaluate antibiotics which were considered as empirical.

背景与目的:尿路感染(UTI)的耐药性日益增加,因此,本研究的目的是评估多种病原菌对我院常用几种抗生素的耐药模式。方法:对医院1148例尿路感染阳性的细菌原代培养进行传代培养和病原菌鉴定。采用圆盘扩散法进行抗生素敏感性试验。对耐药率进行统计分析,并与抗生素和细菌种类相关。结果:2087份尿样中检出尿路感染阳性1148例,以女性居多(76%)(革兰氏阴性菌以大肠杆菌和克雷伯氏菌最多,革兰氏阳性菌以葡萄球菌最多)。大肠杆菌耐药率最高,链球菌最敏感。对庆大霉素和氨苄西林的耐药性最高,对亚胺培南和阿米卡星的耐药性最强。不同菌种间耐药率差异有统计学意义(p < 0.05)。结论:本研究发现引起尿路感染的细菌中抗生素耐药率升高;因此,至少对每家综合医院来说,偶尔调查抗生素耐药率以确定适当的抗菌药物治疗以及重新评估被认为是经验性的抗生素是非常重要的。
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引用次数: 0
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Iranian Journal of Pathology
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