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Assessing mental health in Vietnam with the Personality Assessment Inventory: Cross-cultural comparability 用人格评估量表评估越南人的心理健康:跨文化的可比性
Q1 Social Sciences Pub Date : 2018-01-29 DOI: 10.1080/17542863.2018.1428641
Mai-Phuong Bach-Nguyen, L. Morey
ABSTRACT This study examined the cross-cultural comparability of the Personality Assessment Inventory (PAI: Morey, 1991) in Vietnam, employing a sample of 128 nonclinical Vietnamese native speakers and 53 bilingual Vietnamese/English speakers. The Vietnamese version demonstrated comparable internal consistency to that obtained in the original PAI US standardization sample, with Cronbach's αs ranging from .41 to .94 and similar trends in reliability across scales. Exploratory factor analysis yielded factors replicating components commonly obtained in prior studies of the PAI. Vietnamese-English bilingual subjects who completed both the Vietnamese adaption and the original PAI showed few differences in their responses across versions. The Vietnamese sample generally scored higher than the US standardization sample on the majority of PAI scales; however, none of these mean scores were elevated to levels of clinical significance. Covariance analyses suggested that a negative response style drove many of these differences, potentially indicating cultural differences in approaches to self-reporting emotional distress. Methodological limitations, potential mediating factors, and future research directions are discussed.
摘要本研究考察了越南人格评估量表(PAI: Morey, 1991)的跨文化可比性,采用128名非临床越南语母语者和53名越南语/英语双语者作为样本。越南版本显示出与原始PAI美国标准化样本相当的内部一致性,Cronbach αs范围为0.41至0.94,各量表的可靠性趋势相似。探索性因子分析产生了与先前PAI研究中常见成分重复的因素。完成越南语改编和原始PAI的越英双语被试在不同版本的反应上差异不大。越南样本在大多数PAI量表上的得分普遍高于美国标准化样本;然而,这些平均得分都没有提高到具有临床意义的水平。协方差分析表明,消极的反应风格驱动了许多这些差异,潜在地表明了自我报告情绪困扰方法的文化差异。讨论了方法的局限性、潜在的中介因素和未来的研究方向。
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引用次数: 0
Cross-national validity of the Beck Hopelessness Scale for children and adolescents: findings from the YouthSave-Impact Study Kenya 贝克绝望量表对儿童和青少年的跨国效度:来自肯尼亚青年拯救影响研究的结果
Q1 Social Sciences Pub Date : 2018-01-07 DOI: 10.1080/17542863.2017.1417457
Njeri Kagotho, N. Bowen, F. Ssewamala, M. Vaughn, Gwyneth Kirkbride
ABSTRACT A sense of hopelessness is common but under-identified among poor children in sub-Saharan Africa (SSA). Given the concomitant inadequate screening, assessment, and a lack of culturally and developmentally appropriate measures in much of SSA, identifying reliable and valid measures of hopelessness is needed. One promising candidate, the Beck Hopelessness Scale (BHS), has undergone limited evaluation in the region and none with non-adult populations. The present study assesses the psychometric properties of the BHS using data from a diverse sample of 3965 school-going youth (M = 12.2, SD = 1.1) in Kenya. Given inconclusive results from model comparisons of previously established factor structures, we used parallel analysis, exploratory factor analysis, and confirmatory factor analysis to ascertain the factor structure of the BHS in this sample. We also evaluated measurement invariance of the scale across two key developmental ages (9–12 and 13–18), given distinct cognitive and emotional differences. Models supported a one-factor 20-item structure with partial invariance across child and adolescent samples. Concurrent criterion validity correlations were in the small to medium range. Findings provide evidence of the utility of the BHS as a psychometrically sound measure that possesses cultural relevance to Kenyan youth.
绝望感在撒哈拉以南非洲(SSA)的贫困儿童中很常见,但却没有得到充分认识。考虑到伴随而来的筛查、评估不足,以及在许多SSA中缺乏与文化和发展相适应的措施,需要确定可靠和有效的绝望措施。贝克绝望量表(BHS)是一个很有希望的候选量表,在该地区进行了有限的评估,而且没有对非成年人口进行评估。本研究利用肯尼亚3965名学龄青年(M = 12.2, SD = 1.1)的不同样本数据,评估了BHS的心理测量特性。鉴于先前建立的因子结构的模型比较结果不确定,我们使用平行分析、探索性因子分析和验证性因子分析来确定本样本中BHS的因子结构。考虑到明显的认知和情感差异,我们还评估了两个关键发育年龄(9-12岁和13-18岁)量表的测量不变性。模型支持单因素20项结构,在儿童和青少年样本中具有部分不变性。并发效度相关性在小到中等范围。研究结果提供了证据,证明BHS作为一种心理测量学上合理的测量方法,与肯尼亚青年具有文化相关性。
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引用次数: 4
The outlook for psychiatry in the age of informatization 信息化时代的精神病学展望
Q1 Social Sciences Pub Date : 2018-01-02 DOI: 10.1080/17542863.2017.1394651
A. Bobrov
ABSTRACT Psychiatry is evolving rapidly. Psychopathology needs a fundamentally new understanding of the accumulated facts. Information technologies are an extremely promising tool in this respect. Their implementation in the near future will not only radically change the organizational foundations of psychiatric care, but also enable the creation of new tools for diagnosing and correcting mental disorders. Analysis of existing theoretical controversies in the field of diagnostics, therapy and prevention of mental disorders provides evidence that the key scientific paradigms of psychiatry are changing. Development of scientific methodology is moving from the classical phenomenology of Jaspers to evidence-based medicine and criteria-based diagnostics, implemented in DSM-III and ICD-10. Further progress will, in all likelihood, be associated with the development of new methods based on information science which will be supplemented by the principles of system-based and functional analysis. This will make it possible to implement integrated bio-psycho-social programmes in the prevention and treatment of mental disorders.
精神病学正在迅速发展。精神病理学需要对积累的事实有一个全新的认识。在这方面,信息技术是一个极有前途的工具。在不久的将来,它们的实施不仅会从根本上改变精神病学护理的组织基础,而且还会创造出诊断和纠正精神障碍的新工具。对精神障碍诊断、治疗和预防领域现有理论争议的分析提供了证据,表明精神病学的关键科学范式正在发生变化。科学方法论的发展正在从雅斯贝尔斯的经典现象学转向DSM-III和ICD-10中实施的循证医学和基于标准的诊断。进一步的进展很可能与发展基于信息科学的新方法有关,这些新方法将得到基于系统和功能分析原则的补充。这将使在预防和治疗精神疾病方面实施生物-心理-社会综合方案成为可能。
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引用次数: 0
Psychosocial rehabilitation as an essential area of psychiatric care targeting the social recovery of mentally ill patients 心理社会康复是精神病学护理的一个重要领域,其目标是精神病患者的社会康复
Q1 Social Sciences Pub Date : 2018-01-02 DOI: 10.1080/17542863.2017.1394006
I. Gurovich, A. Shmukler, O. Papsuev
ABSTRACT This paper deals with the problems of psychosocial rehabilitation and social recovery of patients with schizophrenia spectrum disorders and severe social incompetence lasting throughout their lifetime which defines the classification of these disorders in the group of ‘most highly disabling illnesses’ (up to 40%). New forms of care, proven to be effective, are discussed. The paper presents the organizational principles and possibilities for implementing a psychosocial rehabilitation system right across the country.
摘要:本文讨论了精神分裂症谱系障碍患者的社会心理康复和社会恢复问题,并在其一生中持续存在严重的社会无能,这定义了这些疾病在“最高度致残疾病”组中的分类(高达40%)。讨论了证明有效的新护理形式。本文提出了在全国范围内实施社会心理康复系统的组织原则和可能性。
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引用次数: 0
Standards of physical beauty and mental health in children and young people in the era of the information revolution 信息革命时代儿童和青少年的身体美与心理健康标准
Q1 Social Sciences Pub Date : 2018-01-02 DOI: 10.1080/17542863.2017.1394007
A. Kholmogorova, P. Tarhanova, O. Shalygina
ABSTRACT This study examines negative consequences of promotion of unhealthy beauty standards for the mental health of young people. The article provides the review of literature on the effects of promotion of unhealthy beauty standards in cyberspace on eating disorders and narcissistic attitudes, the role of fashion dolls in the formation of unhealthy physical beauty standards, as well as the research into dissatisfaction with appearance and physical perfectionism at a young age. Vygotsky’s cultural-historical theory of cognitive development serves as a framework to describe the mechanisms by which young people form perceptions of physical attractiveness and attitudes toward their body. The article presents results of two studies conducted by authors. The first study demonstrates internalization of unhealthy beauty standards among preschool-aged Russian girls using the original experimental method ‘Choose a doll’. The other shows significantly higher levels of dissatisfaction with own body and physical perfectionism in young men and women living in big cities compared to their peers from large provincial towns and identifies high level of parental criticism and other communication dysfunction in families as a significant predictor of physical perfectionism in children. The authors conclude that social factors play an important role in the formation of unhealthy standards of physical attractiveness among children and young people.
摘要:本研究探讨了不健康的审美标准对青少年心理健康的负面影响。本文综述了网络空间中不健康的审美标准对饮食失调和自恋态度的影响,时尚玩偶在不健康身体审美标准形成中的作用,以及对年轻时外表不满和身体完美主义的研究。维果茨基的文化历史认知发展理论作为一个框架来描述年轻人形成对身体吸引力的感知和对自己身体的态度的机制。这篇文章介绍了作者进行的两项研究的结果。第一项研究使用原始的实验方法“选择一个娃娃”,展示了俄罗斯学龄前女孩对不健康美丽标准的内化。另一项研究表明,与来自大城市的同龄人相比,生活在大城市的年轻男女对自己的身体和身体完美主义的不满程度要高得多,并且发现父母的高度批评和家庭中的其他沟通障碍是儿童身体完美主义的重要预测因素。作者得出结论,社会因素在儿童和青少年中形成不健康的外表吸引力标准方面发挥了重要作用。
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引用次数: 8
The evolution of psychiatry in Russia 俄罗斯精神病学的演变
Q1 Social Sciences Pub Date : 2018-01-02 DOI: 10.1080/17542863.2017.1394013
P. Morozov
ABSTRACT The history of Russian psychiatry goes back many centuries. Since time immemorial, insane people in Russia lived in monasteries. In 1760, two special asylums were opened. The year 1824 saw the opening of the psychiatric department in St. Petersburg. The first written work appeared in 1825 (Solntsev’s thesis on hypochondria). European psychiatry has influenced the development of Russian psychiatry. Magnan visited Russia repeatedly; Korsakov, Bekhterev, Serbsky were regularly published in foreign psychiatric journals. The names of Kandinsky and Clerambault were joined forever in the syndrome title for mental automatism [Morozov, P. V. (2014b). From psychopathology – To biological correlates (Kandinsky-Clerambault Syndrome). Dynamic Psychiatry, 47(2–3), 182–194.]. Prior to the 1917 revolution, psychiatric legislation in Russia closely followed French law. A new law focusing on the development of outpatient service networks and free medical care, including free medication, was established. Later the influence of German and Swiss psychiatry increased. The Gannushkin school paid more attention to borderline psychiatry; the Snezhnevsky school focused on the study of schizophrenia. The last years are characterized by the consequences of the new law, the restructuring of mental health services, deinstitutionalization and the transition to a bio-psychosocial model; the formation of multi-disciplinary teams helps the growing numbers of outpatient psychiatric and psychological services at general hospitals. Underfunding of psychiatry is the main problem today.
俄罗斯精神病学的历史可以追溯到许多世纪以前。自古以来,俄罗斯的疯子就住在修道院里。1760年,开设了两所特殊收容所。1824年,圣彼得堡开设了精神科。第一部书面作品出现在1825年(索尔采夫关于疑病症的论文)。欧洲精神病学影响了俄罗斯精神病学的发展。马格南多次访问俄罗斯;Korsakov, Bekhterev, Serbsky定期在国外精神病学期刊上发表文章。康定斯基和克莱兰博特的名字永远地结合在心理自动性的综合征名称中[Morozov, P. V. (2014b)]。从精神病理学到生物学相关性(Kandinsky-Clerambault综合征)。精神病学杂志,47(2-3),182-194。在1917年革命之前,俄国的精神病学立法紧跟法国法律。制定了一项新的法律,重点是发展门诊服务网络和免费医疗,包括免费药品。后来,德国和瑞士精神病学的影响增加了。甘努什金学派更关注边缘精神病学;斯涅日涅夫斯基学派专注于精神分裂症的研究。过去几年的特点是新法律的实施、精神保健服务的重组、非机构化和向生物-社会心理模式过渡;组建多学科小组有助于综合医院提供越来越多的门诊精神病和心理服务。精神病学的资金不足是当今的主要问题。
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引用次数: 3
Organizational issues relating to the inpatient psychiatric care of children and adolescents in the context of current trends 在当前趋势的背景下,与儿童和青少年住院精神病护理有关的组织问题
Q1 Social Sciences Pub Date : 2018-01-02 DOI: 10.1080/17542863.2017.1394665
O. Pankova, E. Usacheva, A. Abramov, Margarita Yurevna Danilova, Irina Vladimirovna Dorina, I. Smirnov, A. Svintsova
ABSTRACT This article shows current trends in Moscow Child and Adolescent Psychiatry. The main aim of this research is to identify significant trends in the psychopathological, nosological and age and gender structure of mental disorders in children and adolescents at the beginning of the twenty-first century (the period 1999–2015) and subsequently to make scientifically based proposals regarding the optimization of inpatient psychiatric care for children and adolescents.
这篇文章展示了莫斯科儿童和青少年精神病学的当前趋势。本研究的主要目的是确定21世纪初(1999-2015年)儿童和青少年精神障碍的精神病理学、分类学、年龄和性别结构的显著趋势,并随后提出关于优化儿童和青少年住院精神病学护理的科学建议。
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引用次数: 2
Social motivation in patients with schizophrenia spectrum disorders: how it is recognized in the rehabilitation process 精神分裂症谱系障碍患者的社会动机:如何在康复过程中被识别
Q1 Social Sciences Pub Date : 2018-01-02 DOI: 10.1080/17542863.2017.1394668
O. Rychkova, A. Kholmogorova
ABSTRACT The practice of psychosocial intervention for schizophrenia patients is dominated by cognitive–behavioural techniques. There is good justification for this on the basis of the empirical evidence, which speaks in favour of the efficacy of these approaches. Deficits in neurocognition and poor social skills in patients are considered the main targets of psychiatric rehabilitation programmes. However, there are research findings that suggest that distorted social motivation in the form of social anhedonia affects social cognition in schizophrenia patients. The authors describe a compound model of social cognition that includes its motivational component. The model rests on methodological assumptions of the Vygotskian Cultural-Historical Theory of Development, including that of the unity of intellectual and affective processes. The authors review the history of research into cognitive deficits in schizophrenia based on this assumption, and also the most recent empirical evidence confirming that social anhedonia contributes significantly to the impaired social cognition in schizophrenia. The authors conclude that rehabilitation programmes for schizophrenia patients must include psychosocial interventions focused on the remediation of social cognition impairment by means of techniques targeting the remediation of social motivation deficits.
精神分裂症患者的心理社会干预实践以认知行为技术为主。在经验证据的基础上,这是有充分理由的,这些证据支持这些方法的有效性。患者的神经认知缺陷和社交技能低下被认为是精神康复计划的主要目标。然而,有研究发现,以社会快感缺乏症的形式出现的社会动机扭曲影响了精神分裂症患者的社会认知。作者描述了一个包含动机成分的社会认知复合模型。该模型基于维果茨基的文化历史发展理论的方法论假设,包括智力和情感过程的统一。作者回顾了基于这一假设的精神分裂症认知缺陷的研究历史,以及最近的经验证据,证实了社会快感缺乏症是精神分裂症社会认知障碍的重要原因。作者得出结论,精神分裂症患者的康复计划必须包括社会心理干预,重点是通过针对社会动机缺陷的修复技术来修复社会认知障碍。
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引用次数: 0
Models of the influence of socio-economic factors on the indicators of mental health among the population of the Russian Federation 社会经济因素对俄罗斯联邦人口心理健康指标的影响模型
Q1 Social Sciences Pub Date : 2018-01-02 DOI: 10.1080/17542863.2017.1394655
V. Mitikhin, V. Yastrebov, I. Mitikhina, T. Solokhina
ABSTRACT Models obtained at the population level evaluate the impact of socio-economic, medical and demographic factors on the dynamics of the main indicators (prevalence, incidence, level of suicides) of mental health among the Russian population in the period 1992–2014. The article provides a qualitative interpretation of the dynamics of indicators of mental health among the Russian population. The models developed can be used for the planning of health and social programmes in the field of mental health.
在人口水平上获得的模型评估了1992-2014年期间俄罗斯人口中社会经济,医疗和人口因素对主要指标(患病率,发病率,自杀率)动态的影响。这篇文章对俄罗斯人口心理健康指标的动态进行了定性解释。所开发的模型可用于规划心理健康领域的保健和社会方案。
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引用次数: 0
Women and mental health 妇女与心理健康
Q1 Social Sciences Pub Date : 2018-01-02 DOI: 10.1080/17542863.2017.1394675
N. Semenova
ABSTRACT Women’s mental health stands out for a number of particular characteristics which are deserving of special research, psychosocial treatment approaches and a wide range of other measures. The article highlights the work of the Women’s Mental Health section of the Russian Society of Psychiatrists, whose task is one of facilitating the distribution of scientific data on the specific characteristics of the approach to Russian women’s mental health care, and also providing gender-specific foundations for the work of mental health care services.
妇女的心理健康突出了一些特殊的特点,值得专门的研究,心理社会治疗方法和广泛的其他措施。文章重点介绍了俄罗斯精神病学会妇女心理健康科的工作,该科的任务之一是促进传播关于俄罗斯妇女心理健康护理方法的具体特点的科学数据,并为心理健康护理服务的工作提供针对不同性别的基础。
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引用次数: 0
期刊
International Journal of Culture and Mental Health
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