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A Framework for Catering Software Complexity Issues Using Architectural Patterns 一个使用架构模式解决软件复杂性问题的框架
Pub Date : 2021-11-15 DOI: 10.1109/IEEECONF53624.2021.9668115
Abdulla Muaz, Muhammad Ehsan Rana, Vazeerudeen Abdul Hameed
Software systems need to be maintained and updated regularly to meet new requirements and to adapt to improvements in technology. However, every time an update is made, more codes are added that result in the increasing complexity of the software. High complexity in software makes it challenging for developers to update and maintain. To improve the complexity issues in software systems, architectural patterns play an important role. With the in-built concept of modularity in architectural patterns, they have a general tendency to reduce the complexity of software systems. This also improves other quality factors of the software, such as maintainability and testability. This research is conducted to study the impact of commonly used architectural patterns on different types of applications by applying the patterns on both desktop and web-based applications. As per the findings of the literature review, the survey results, and the empirical evaluation, it proves that complexity issues in software can be improved using architectural patterns. The findings of this research is used to propose a framework for improving complexity issues in software using architectural patterns. This framework will help stakeholders to reduce complexity by choosing suitable architectural patterns.
软件系统需要定期维护和更新,以满足新的需求和适应技术的改进。然而,每次进行更新时,都会添加更多的代码,从而导致软件的复杂性增加。软件的高度复杂性给开发人员更新和维护带来了挑战。为了改善软件系统的复杂性问题,体系结构模式扮演着重要的角色。由于架构模式中内置的模块化概念,它们通常倾向于降低软件系统的复杂性。这也提高了软件的其他质量因素,比如可维护性和可测试性。本研究通过在桌面和基于web的应用程序上应用常用的体系结构模式,来研究这些模式对不同类型应用程序的影响。根据文献综述的结果、调查结果和实证评估,它证明了软件中的复杂性问题可以使用体系结构模式来改进。这项研究的结果被用来提出一个框架,用于使用架构模式改善软件中的复杂性问题。这个框架将帮助涉众通过选择合适的体系结构模式来降低复杂性。
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引用次数: 0
The effects of planned urban development on the comfort of healthy urban living 规划城市发展对健康城市生活舒适度的影响
Pub Date : 2021-11-15 DOI: 10.1109/IEEECONF53624.2021.9668183
M. Selim
The objective of this study is to examine and identify the factors that may contribute to increase the comfort of healthy urban living. Currently, most of the mega cities are facing tremendous problems, such as traffic congestion, air pollution, narrow streets, Shanti-towns and slums, and open sewer. Many homeless people are trying to save themselves in temporary tents and shacks without proper amenities of life. This study attempts to address these issues and focuses on finding feasible and acceptable solutions for increasing the comfort of healthy urban living for all urban dwellers. The major findings of this study suggest that planned urban development is the key to increase in the comfort of healthy urban living. This study is conceptual in nature. However, the theoretical model suggests that building straight and wide roads and highways, constructing healthy urban residences, establishing efficient, fast and comfortable urban transportation, building wide open urban parks, high quality academic and training institutions, state of the art health care delivery system including high quality hospitals, building physical exercise and sports facilities in urban areas, establishing renewable energy sources for securing continuous and permanent energy supply and protecting heritage, culture and historical monuments and art-effects may contribute greatly to enrich and increase the comfort of healthy urban living. This study is one of the latest attempts to emphasis the need for planned urban development which is expected to increase the comfort of healthy urban living. This study will be immensely useful to urban planners, governments, municipalities, policy makers, research scholars, NGOs, and academicians across the globe.
本研究的目的是检查和确定可能有助于提高健康城市生活舒适度的因素。目前,大多数特大城市都面临着交通拥堵、空气污染、街道狭窄、棚户区和露天下水道等巨大问题。许多无家可归的人试图在没有适当生活设施的临时帐篷和棚屋里自救。本研究试图解决这些问题,并着重于寻找可行和可接受的解决方案,以增加所有城市居民健康城市生活的舒适度。本研究的主要结果表明,有计划的城市发展是提高健康城市生活舒适度的关键。这项研究本质上是概念性的。然而,理论模型建议建设笔直宽阔的道路和高速公路,建设健康的城市住宅,建立高效、快速和舒适的城市交通,建设开阔的城市公园,高质量的学术和培训机构,包括高质量医院在内的最先进的医疗服务体系,在城市地区建设体育锻炼设施,建立可再生能源,以确保持续和永久的能源供应,并保护遗产、文化和历史遗迹以及艺术效果,可大大有助于丰富和提高健康城市生活的舒适度。这项研究是强调有计划的城市发展的必要性的最新尝试之一,预计城市发展将增加健康城市生活的舒适度。这项研究将对全球的城市规划者、政府、市政当局、政策制定者、研究学者、非政府组织和学者非常有用。
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引用次数: 0
Do technological innovation, financial development, and economic freedom limit energy demand The analysis of ASEAN+3 技术创新、金融发展和经济自由是否限制了能源需求
Pub Date : 2021-11-15 DOI: 10.1109/IEEECONF53624.2021.9668042
Ala’ Fathi, Aliya Zhakanova Isiksal
The study investigates the effect of the five selected variables on fossil fuel energy demand in the ASEAN+3 group during 1998–2018. The P.M.G.-ARDL approach was applied. The results revealed that financial development, growth, and environmental pollution significantly increase energy consumption. While technological innovation reduce it. While the result of economic freedom has been neglected. Moreover, there is a one-way causality extending from financial development, economic freedom, environmental pollution, and technological innovation to energy consumption except for the expansion of the economy which has a bidirectional causal relationship. This study recommends promoting the encouragement of green investment and environmentally friendly policies to control the sustainability of the economy and the environment.
该研究调查了1998-2018年东盟+3集团五个选定变量对化石燃料能源需求的影响。采用P.M.G.-ARDL方法。结果表明,金融发展、增长和环境污染显著增加了能源消耗。而技术创新则减少了。而经济自由的结果却被忽视了。此外,从金融发展、经济自由、环境污染、技术创新到能源消费,除了经济扩张具有双向因果关系外,存在单向因果关系。本研究建议促进鼓励绿色投资和环境友好政策,以控制经济和环境的可持续性。
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引用次数: 2
Soil quality index to assess soil management practices in the semi-arid of Morocco 评价摩洛哥半干旱地区土壤管理实践的土壤质量指数
Pub Date : 2021-11-15 DOI: 10.1109/IEEECONF53624.2021.9668092
Hiba Et-Tayeb, K. I. Namr, El Houssine El Mzouri, Bouchra El Bourhrami
The indexing methods offer a powerful tool to estimate soil quality and detect the impact of various soil management practices over time. This research was conducted in the semi-arid area of Morocco, to test the impact of two types of tillage (conventional tillage (CT) and no-till), crop residues (vetch and no cover), and three nitrogen fertilization rates (30, 60, and 90 kg/ha) on soil quality index (SQI) and crop yield. To assess SQI, principal component analysis (PCA) was used for selecting the minimum soil data set (MDS). Four indicators were taken as MDS (Soil organic carbon (SOC), Exchangeable Potassium (Kexg), pH, Total Nitrogen (TN) and SOC, Kexg, TN, (Sodium) Na+ for 0–20 and 20–40 cm depth respectively), and scored using linear and nonlinear approaches. SQI produced by the linear method (SQIL) was the most reliable, due to its ability to differentiate soil quality in different layers. SQIL (additive and weighted linear) showed a higher soil quality score (>0.7) at the soil surface (0–20 cm) and medium to low soil quality score (0.46-0.69) at 20–40 cm depths and it reported higher soil quality under CT compared to no-till. Soft wheat under both systems produced an equivalent yield and exhibited no correlation with SQI.
索引方法提供了一个强大的工具来估计土壤质量和检测随着时间的推移各种土壤管理措施的影响。本研究在摩洛哥半干旱区试验了两种耕作方式(常规耕作和免耕)、作物残茬(野豌豆和无覆盖)和3种氮肥施用量(30、60和90 kg/ha)对土壤质量指数(SQI)和作物产量的影响。为了评估SQI,采用主成分分析(PCA)选择最小土壤数据集(MDS)。4个指标分别为0 ~ 20 cm和20 ~ 40 cm土壤有机碳(SOC)、交换性钾(keg)、pH、总氮(TN)和土壤有机碳(SOC)、keg、TN、(钠)Na+,分别采用线性和非线性方法进行评分。线性方法(SQIL)产生的SQI最可靠,因为它能够区分不同层次的土壤质量。SQIL(加性加权线性)在0 ~ 20 cm土层的土壤质量评分较高(>0.7),在20 ~ 40 cm土层的土壤质量评分中低(0.46 ~ 0.69),CT下的土壤质量高于免耕。两种制度下软质小麦产量相当,且与SQI无相关性。
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引用次数: 0
Employing a robust data-driven model to assess the environmental damages caused by installing grouted columns 采用稳健的数据驱动模型来评估安装灌浆柱对环境造成的损害
Pub Date : 2021-11-15 DOI: 10.1109/IEEECONF53624.2021.9668027
M. Hameed, Faidhalrahman Khaleel, Deiaaldeen Khaleel
The jet grouting process involves injecting large quantities of highly pressurized fluids into the soil, which may result in a substantial ground displacement and adverse effects on the environment around the excavation. Consequently, the ground displacement must be estimated accurately in the design phase. In this study, two machine learning models namely, extreme learning machine (ELM) and modified K-nearest neighbor (KNN) are used to estimate the ground displacements. The comparison results show that the ELM is superior to the KNN model in terms of estimation accuracy (coefficient of determination is 0.940). Moreover, the ELM model shows an enhancement by 11.43% higher accuracy in terms of reducing the mean absolute error compared to the KNN model. Overall, the results indicate that ELM has the ability to accurately assess the harmful damages caused by installing grouted columns.
喷射注浆是向土体中注入大量高压流体的过程,可能会导致土体发生较大位移,对基坑周围环境造成不利影响。因此,在设计阶段必须准确地估计地面位移。本研究采用极限学习机(ELM)和改进k近邻(KNN)两种机器学习模型来估计地面位移。比较结果表明,ELM的估计精度优于KNN模型(决定系数为0.940)。此外,与KNN模型相比,ELM模型在降低平均绝对误差方面的精度提高了11.43%。综上所述,ELM能够准确地评估注浆柱的有害损害。
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引用次数: 3
Reflections on the Kigali Amendment Implementation in the GCC 《基加利修正案》在海湾合作委员会执行的思考
Pub Date : 2021-11-15 DOI: 10.1109/IEEECONF53624.2021.9668082
Hajar Mahfoodh, S. Naser, Khuld Jabby, Ali Tumayhi, Abdulmohsin Alghamdi
Since activating the implementation of the Kigali Amendment to the Montreal Protocol in 2019, many countries are striving to adopt the amendments to sustain a green environment. The Gulf Cooperation Council (GCC) region has implemented the Kigali Enabling Activities project, which paves the way for future amendments. This paper explores the hurdles faced when implementing this Amendment through three factors: natural, economic, and cultural problems. By adopting the GAP analysis, the paper first presents the ideal procedures of the Kigali Amendment as suggested by the environmental organizations of the United Nations (UN), and this scenario is used to benchmark introducing this Amendment in the GCC region. Then the paper considers the different variations of weather and culture, which comprise the main hurdles that the Amendment is facing. In addition, the paper explores the other problems to conclude with solutions and recommendations that enable the governmental bodies and UN offices to implement the Kigali amendments with minimum errors and lowest cost, thereby promoting the same model in the GCC states.
自2019年启动实施《蒙特利尔议定书》基加利修正案以来,许多国家都在努力通过修正案,以维持绿色环境。海湾合作委员会(海合会)区域执行了基加利促进活动项目,为今后的修订铺平了道路。本文从自然、经济和文化三个方面探讨了实施这一修正案所面临的障碍。本文首先通过GAP分析,提出了联合国环境组织建议的基加利修正案的理想程序,并以此情景为基准,在海湾合作委员会地区引入基加利修正案。然后,论文考虑了气候和文化的不同变化,这些变化构成了修正案面临的主要障碍。此外,本文还探讨了其他问题,最后提出了解决方案和建议,使政府机构和联合国办事处能够以最小的错误和最低的成本实施基加利修正案,从而在海湾合作委员会国家推广相同的模式。
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引用次数: 0
Sustainable neighbourhood: A urban improvement strategy for the Kingdom of Bahrain 可持续社区:巴林王国的城市改善战略
Pub Date : 2021-11-15 DOI: 10.1109/IEEECONF53624.2021.9668130
Zahra Iftikhar Ahmed
The Gulf cities have grown exponentially in the last two decades, owing primarily to the discovery of oil. As a result of globalization, large-scale urban developments have been developed, affecting Gulf cities' built environment and urban fabric. Since the discovery of oil in the 1930s, the city's climate has undergone significant change. Cities in Bahrain have extensively faced the challenge of keeping up with growing urban growth in terms of long-term sustainability for current and future generations. While they as well have faced challenges of preserving the current heritage embedded in buildings and traditional communities. One of the areas impacted by urbanization and urban growth is the Block 307 neighborhood in central Manama. This research paper studies the characteristics, opportunities, restrictions, and relationships with the surrounding areas of the Block 307 neighborhood in Manama's main city. The research concept is based on literature review, site analysis of the selected case, and the surrounding context to identify opportunities and obstacles. Lastly, suggesting a plan for the urban redevelopment of block 307 neighborhood to a sustainable Community.
海湾地区的城市在过去二十年里呈指数级增长,这主要是由于石油的发现。由于全球化,大规模的城市发展得到了发展,影响了海湾城市的建筑环境和城市结构。自从20世纪30年代发现石油以来,这座城市的气候发生了重大变化。巴林的城市普遍面临着在当代和后代的长期可持续性方面跟上不断增长的城市增长的挑战。同时,他们也面临着保护建筑和传统社区中现有遗产的挑战。麦纳麦中心的307街区是受城市化和城市增长影响的地区之一。本文研究了麦纳麦主城307街区的特点、机遇、限制及其与周边地区的关系。研究概念是基于文献综述,选定的案例现场分析,和周围的背景,以确定机会和障碍。最后,提出了307街区街区的城市改造方案,使其成为一个可持续发展的社区。
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引用次数: 1
Orientation Effect on Energy Consumption in Building Design 建筑设计中能耗的取向效应
Pub Date : 2021-11-15 DOI: 10.1109/IEEECONF53624.2021.9668102
Brahim Belmahdi, M. Louzazni, A. El bouardi
Energy consumption in a new building design project is nowadays one of the most attractive parameters of development. The building orientation affects directly the amount of energy consumption to achieve energy saving. The main objective of this study focuses on building orientation and its impact on energy consumption. One basic factor in building orientation affects the solar radiation exposure and hence the lighting, thermal acquisition, and equipment. The amount of energy consumption is computed in the Mediterranean climate using several orientations in two typical summer and winter periods. The proposed building simulation is modeled with basic orientation change to assess the energy consumption every 15 degrees using trnsys software and energy plus. The obtained results show that is the building orientation has a very important role in reducing total energy consumption.
在新建建筑设计项目中,能耗是当今最具吸引力的发展参数之一。建筑朝向直接影响着建筑能耗的多少,从而达到节能的目的。本研究的主要目的是研究建筑朝向及其对能耗的影响。建筑朝向的一个基本因素影响太阳辐射暴露,从而影响照明、热采集和设备。在地中海气候下,在两个典型的夏季和冬季使用几个方向来计算能耗。采用trnsys软件和energy plus软件,对每15度的基本朝向变化进行建模,以评估建筑的能耗。研究结果表明,建筑朝向对降低总能耗具有非常重要的作用。
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引用次数: 2
Social Sustainability and Social Innovation Design: towards a memorable family space 社会可持续性与社会创新设计:迈向令人难忘的家庭空间
Pub Date : 2021-11-15 DOI: 10.1109/IEEECONF53624.2021.9668093
Ms. Zuhoor Kadhem, Hanaa Al–Jowder, F. Qaed, Nehal Al–Murbati
This research investigates the concept of social sustainability and social innovation within residential spaces design. Residential spaces and particularly homes hold precious users memory that is associated with space and place. Houses also play an essential role in maintaining social sustainability. Social sustainability means creating inclusive, healthy, and secure communities, starting with families and users' needs and aspirations. This research aims to innovate a family living place design that helps preserve and make memories. Qualitative methodology was used applying the design thinking approach, including responses from the interviewees, which is the most effective method concerning the topic. Different design thinking phases of empathy, ideation, prototyping, and testing were adopted in this research, with six interviewees who took part in this study. Also, the observation method was used to investigate possible design guidelines. Analysis tools included user persona and empathy maps. The observation of users has led to the design guidelines, which have been proved effective through testing them in a simulated design rendering of a living room using 3Ds MAX software. The research concludes the usefulness of implementing proposed design guidelines in solving social and interior issues.
本研究探讨了居住空间设计中社会可持续性和社会创新的概念。居住空间,特别是住宅,拥有与空间和地点相关的宝贵用户记忆。房屋在维持社会可持续性方面也发挥着至关重要的作用。社会可持续性意味着创建包容、健康和安全的社区,从家庭和用户的需求和愿望开始。这项研究旨在创新一个家庭生活场所的设计,帮助保存和制造记忆。定性的方法是运用设计思维的方法,包括受访者的回答,这是最有效的方法关于这个话题。本研究采用了共情、构思、原型、测试等不同的设计思维阶段,共有6位受访者参与了本研究。此外,还采用观察法来研究可能的设计指南。分析工具包括用户角色和移情图。用户的观察导致了设计指南,通过使用3Ds MAX软件在客厅的模拟设计渲染中进行测试,证明了设计指南的有效性。研究总结了实施建议的设计准则在解决社会和室内问题方面的有用性。
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引用次数: 0
Digital Wallet in Supporting Green FinTech Sustainability 数字钱包支持绿色金融科技可持续发展
Pub Date : 2021-11-15 DOI: 10.1109/IEEECONF53624.2021.9667957
M F Anshari, M. Almunawar, Masairol Masri, Mahani Hamdan, Mia Fithriyah, Annisa Fitri
FinTech through Digital Wallet initiative can change public behaviour towards green growth and sustainable development. This study proposes a framework for increasing the number of recycling activities/projects and rewarding public participation through Digital Wallet platform. The study refers to recycle behaviour model to boost incentives and simplify recycling activities, and utilizes secondary data and an in-depth literature review for analysis. Digital Wallet connects all stakeholders in a single platform, and could potentially offer monetary incentives to increase public participation for socioeconomic and environmental benefits. Case studies shall be considered for future research to design a digital ecosystem of Digital Wallet.
金融科技通过数字钱包倡议可以改变公众行为,促进绿色增长和可持续发展。这项研究提出了一个框架,以增加回收活动/项目的数量,并通过数码钱包平台奖励公众参与。本研究采用回收行为模型来提高激励和简化回收活动,并利用二手数据和深入的文献综述进行分析。数字钱包将所有利益相关者连接在一个平台上,并可能提供货币激励,以增加公众参与,从而获得社会经济和环境效益。为了设计数字钱包的数字生态系统,在未来的研究中需要考虑案例研究。
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引用次数: 2
期刊
2021 Third International Sustainability and Resilience Conference: Climate Change
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