A. Iranpour, Elham Kazemian, Ali Karamoozian, Nouzar Nakhaee, Hamid Sharifi, Mohammad Mahdi Fadakar Davarani
Background: Substance use during pregnancy has an increasing trend in all socio-economic classes. In addition to the fetal consequences, this problem has many other economic and social harmful effects. This study aimed to determine the prevalence of substance use and its related factors in pregnant women. Methods: This cross-sectional study was performed using a self-administered questionnaire on 587 pregnant women in Kerman, Iran who visited public health centers and private offices to receive prenatal care. Participants were recruited from January to February 2020 using a multistage sampling method. Results: The most prevalent substances used during pregnancy were waterpipe (8.5%), opium (2.6%), and alcohol (1.7%). Substance use in the first-degree relatives strongly correlated with substance use in pregnant women (odds ratio [OR]=7.26). The low educational level of pregnant women’s husbands was also a predictor of substance use in pregnant women (OR=3.15). Conclusion: Since substance use by family members was the strongest correlate of drug use during pregnancy, family-based interventions should be tailored to address early detection of such vulnerable women and to provide appropriate counseling services.
{"title":"Prevalence of Substance Use During Pregnancy and the Related Factors: A Study from Southeast Iran","authors":"A. Iranpour, Elham Kazemian, Ali Karamoozian, Nouzar Nakhaee, Hamid Sharifi, Mohammad Mahdi Fadakar Davarani","doi":"10.34172/jkmu.2023.44","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.34172/jkmu.2023.44","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Substance use during pregnancy has an increasing trend in all socio-economic classes. In addition to the fetal consequences, this problem has many other economic and social harmful effects. This study aimed to determine the prevalence of substance use and its related factors in pregnant women. Methods: This cross-sectional study was performed using a self-administered questionnaire on 587 pregnant women in Kerman, Iran who visited public health centers and private offices to receive prenatal care. Participants were recruited from January to February 2020 using a multistage sampling method. Results: The most prevalent substances used during pregnancy were waterpipe (8.5%), opium (2.6%), and alcohol (1.7%). Substance use in the first-degree relatives strongly correlated with substance use in pregnant women (odds ratio [OR]=7.26). The low educational level of pregnant women’s husbands was also a predictor of substance use in pregnant women (OR=3.15). Conclusion: Since substance use by family members was the strongest correlate of drug use during pregnancy, family-based interventions should be tailored to address early detection of such vulnerable women and to provide appropriate counseling services.","PeriodicalId":39002,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Kerman University of Medical Sciences","volume":"35 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139311452","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The COVID-19 disease was first observed in December 2019 and became a big challenge for the World Health Organization in a short period of time. Getting infected with COVID-19 has very dangerous complications and is considered a serious threat to people’s health. One of the most important ways to prevent this disease is vaccination. Like other vaccines, the Covid-19 vaccines also have various side effects, The side effects of existing vaccines are usually mild and transient, and the side effects related to hearing are very rare. In this study, we have presented a report of a 40-year-old woman with a complaint of tinnitus 24 hours after the injection of the second dose of Sinopharm vaccine. The patient did not have any history of hearing problems or tinnitus before the vaccine injection. According to the results of the evaluations, the necessary counseling regarding tinnitus, sound therapy and counseling sessions were provided to reduce the patient’s anxiety. After one month, the patient was very satisfied with the cessation of tinnitus. Tinnitus without hearing loss is reported as a rare side effect of vaccination. Since the exact mechanism of tinnitus after vaccination is not fully clear yet, there is a need for more studies in this field.
{"title":"COVID-19 Vaccination and Tinnitus: A Case Report","authors":"Fatemeh Moghadasi Boroujeni, Mehdi Ghadiri","doi":"10.34172/jkmu.2023.51","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.34172/jkmu.2023.51","url":null,"abstract":"The COVID-19 disease was first observed in December 2019 and became a big challenge for the World Health Organization in a short period of time. Getting infected with COVID-19 has very dangerous complications and is considered a serious threat to people’s health. One of the most important ways to prevent this disease is vaccination. Like other vaccines, the Covid-19 vaccines also have various side effects, The side effects of existing vaccines are usually mild and transient, and the side effects related to hearing are very rare. In this study, we have presented a report of a 40-year-old woman with a complaint of tinnitus 24 hours after the injection of the second dose of Sinopharm vaccine. The patient did not have any history of hearing problems or tinnitus before the vaccine injection. According to the results of the evaluations, the necessary counseling regarding tinnitus, sound therapy and counseling sessions were provided to reduce the patient’s anxiety. After one month, the patient was very satisfied with the cessation of tinnitus. Tinnitus without hearing loss is reported as a rare side effect of vaccination. Since the exact mechanism of tinnitus after vaccination is not fully clear yet, there is a need for more studies in this field.","PeriodicalId":39002,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Kerman University of Medical Sciences","volume":"13 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139309563","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Y. Nahidi, Vahid Mashayekhi Goyonlo, Malihe Dadgarmoghaddam, Masoumeh Hoseininezhad, Tahmineh Malakifard, Yasaman Rastgar
Background: Systemic or topical forms of pentavalent antimony compounds such as meglumine antimoniate (MA) are used as standard treatment for cutaneous leishmaniasis (CL). However, an increasing number of studies demonstrate evidence of treatment failure with these drugs. The objective of this study was to determine the factors associated with systemic MA treatment failure in patients with acute CL. Methods: In this case-control study, patients with urban cutaneous referred to leishmaniasis clinics in Mashhad from 2017 to 2018 were followed up 12 months after the start of treatment and were evaluated for improvement or failure according to the national leishmaniasis protocol. Results: A total of 112 cases of CL (59 men and 53 women) with a mean age of 23.3±21.11 years were studied. The number of patients with clinical improvement was significantly higher in women (P=0.005). Age, body mass index (BMI), occupation and education, the possible infection and living location, past medical, drug and leishmaniasis recurrence history, lesion’s characteristics and ulceration were also significantly different between the two groups of improved and unhealed patients. Conclusion: The results of this study showed that the male sex, age less than 18 years, receiving pentostam, previous treatment history, lymphadenopathy, urban leishmaniasis, duration of illness more than 4 months, having a single lesion especially on the face, BMI less than 18 kg/m2 and a lesion size of more than 3 cm is more common in patients with treatment failure.
{"title":"Clinical Risk Factors of Systemic Antimony Treatment Failure in Patients with Acute Cutaneous leishmaniasis referred to the Dermatology Clinics of Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Iran","authors":"Y. Nahidi, Vahid Mashayekhi Goyonlo, Malihe Dadgarmoghaddam, Masoumeh Hoseininezhad, Tahmineh Malakifard, Yasaman Rastgar","doi":"10.34172/jkmu.2023.43","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.34172/jkmu.2023.43","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Systemic or topical forms of pentavalent antimony compounds such as meglumine antimoniate (MA) are used as standard treatment for cutaneous leishmaniasis (CL). However, an increasing number of studies demonstrate evidence of treatment failure with these drugs. The objective of this study was to determine the factors associated with systemic MA treatment failure in patients with acute CL. Methods: In this case-control study, patients with urban cutaneous referred to leishmaniasis clinics in Mashhad from 2017 to 2018 were followed up 12 months after the start of treatment and were evaluated for improvement or failure according to the national leishmaniasis protocol. Results: A total of 112 cases of CL (59 men and 53 women) with a mean age of 23.3±21.11 years were studied. The number of patients with clinical improvement was significantly higher in women (P=0.005). Age, body mass index (BMI), occupation and education, the possible infection and living location, past medical, drug and leishmaniasis recurrence history, lesion’s characteristics and ulceration were also significantly different between the two groups of improved and unhealed patients. Conclusion: The results of this study showed that the male sex, age less than 18 years, receiving pentostam, previous treatment history, lymphadenopathy, urban leishmaniasis, duration of illness more than 4 months, having a single lesion especially on the face, BMI less than 18 kg/m2 and a lesion size of more than 3 cm is more common in patients with treatment failure.","PeriodicalId":39002,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Kerman University of Medical Sciences","volume":"38 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139309659","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
A. Medghalchi, Maryam Dourandeesh, Yousef Alizadeh, Sima Fallah Arzpeima, Reza Soltani-Moghadam, M. Akbari, Sara Khadem, Ehsan Kazemnezhad Leyli
Background: External dacryocystorhinostomy (DCR) failure is sometimes due to pathologies located within the nasal cavity. Preoperative computerized tomography (CT) scan is useful in the assessment of nasolacrimal drainage and adjacent anatomical structures; however, it is not routinely performed before DCR. The present study evaluates abnormal findings in CT scans of patients with nasolacrimal duct obstruction (NLDO) and its effect on changing treatment approaches. Methods: This prospective descriptive cross-sectional study included 162 patients with NLDO. All the patients underwent a supine axial CT scan. Patients with signs of rhinosinusitis, sinus mucositis, nasal septal deviation, nasal polyps or masses, and turbinate deformities were referred to an otolaryngologist. The rest of the patients underwent external DCR. The demographics and radiologic characteristics of the patients undergoing CT scan and their effect on changing treatment approaches were evaluated. Results: The study participants included 162 patients with a mean±SD age of 62.5±14.0 years (age range of 35-93 years). The percentage of endonasal DCR in cases with an abnormal nasal cavity on CT scan was almost 30% higher compared to those without this problem (59.6% vs. 30.2%). Septum deviation and turbinate deformity led to 3.6-fold and 3.9-fold changes in the surgical approach, respectively. Conclusion: A significant association existed between the sinonasal pathologies in patients with NLDO and changing surgical approaches. It is believed that a preoperative CT scan is necessary to detect such pathologies and manage them appropriately.
{"title":"Preoperative Orbital CT Scan Findings in Patients with Nasolacrimal Duct Obstruction and its Impact on Surgical Planning","authors":"A. Medghalchi, Maryam Dourandeesh, Yousef Alizadeh, Sima Fallah Arzpeima, Reza Soltani-Moghadam, M. Akbari, Sara Khadem, Ehsan Kazemnezhad Leyli","doi":"10.34172/jkmu.2023.42","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.34172/jkmu.2023.42","url":null,"abstract":"Background: External dacryocystorhinostomy (DCR) failure is sometimes due to pathologies located within the nasal cavity. Preoperative computerized tomography (CT) scan is useful in the assessment of nasolacrimal drainage and adjacent anatomical structures; however, it is not routinely performed before DCR. The present study evaluates abnormal findings in CT scans of patients with nasolacrimal duct obstruction (NLDO) and its effect on changing treatment approaches. Methods: This prospective descriptive cross-sectional study included 162 patients with NLDO. All the patients underwent a supine axial CT scan. Patients with signs of rhinosinusitis, sinus mucositis, nasal septal deviation, nasal polyps or masses, and turbinate deformities were referred to an otolaryngologist. The rest of the patients underwent external DCR. The demographics and radiologic characteristics of the patients undergoing CT scan and their effect on changing treatment approaches were evaluated. Results: The study participants included 162 patients with a mean±SD age of 62.5±14.0 years (age range of 35-93 years). The percentage of endonasal DCR in cases with an abnormal nasal cavity on CT scan was almost 30% higher compared to those without this problem (59.6% vs. 30.2%). Septum deviation and turbinate deformity led to 3.6-fold and 3.9-fold changes in the surgical approach, respectively. Conclusion: A significant association existed between the sinonasal pathologies in patients with NLDO and changing surgical approaches. It is believed that a preoperative CT scan is necessary to detect such pathologies and manage them appropriately.","PeriodicalId":39002,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Kerman University of Medical Sciences","volume":"82 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139310775","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Fariba Azarkish, N. Soltani, E. Eftekhar, Hossein Farshidi, S. A. Sobhani, Mahdiye Eslami, A. Dehghani
Background: Lysyl oxidase (LOX) and magnesium contribute to vascular development and stability. This research describes how magnesium sulfate (MgSO4 ) regulates the serum levels of LOX and nitric oxide in patients with moderate coronary artery disease (CAD). Methods: This was a randomized double-blind placebo-controlled clinical trial with 76 patients with moderate CAD divided into four groups. The subjects were randomly assigned to groups that took either capsules containing placebo or MgSO4 (300 mg) daily for 6 months. Thus, the experiment included Mg-treated groups with one and two vessels with atherosclerotic plaque (MgVR1 and Mg-VR2) and placebo-treated groups with one and two vessels with atherosclerotic plaque (placebo-VR1 and placeboVR2). Every 3 months, LOX, homocysteine, nitrite, and lipid profile levels were measured. Women and men with moderate CAD who were more than 55 and 50 years old, respectively, were included. Results: Total cholesterol and triglyceride (TG) levels significantly decreased 6 months after intervention (P<0. 01). Decrease of serum homocysteine levels was seen in all groups during the study, but the reduction in the placebo groups was greater than the Mg-treated groups (P<0.001). Three months after treatment with MgSO4 , LOX had stayed at high levels, and it then returned to baseline in the 6-month follow up (P<0.001). The rise in nitrite levels in the placebo-VR2 group was significantly greater than in the Mgso4 -VR2 group (P<0.001). Conclusion: magnesium sulfate may prevent the progression of arteriosclerosis through modulating LOX and homocysteine levels and preventing the increase of nitrite levels. Trial Registration: Identifier: IRCT20151028024756N3; https://www.irct.ir/trial/29097.
{"title":"The Potential of Magnesium Sulfate to Change Serum Lysyl Oxidase and Nitrite Levels in Patients with Atherosclerosis: A Double-Blind Clinical Trial Study","authors":"Fariba Azarkish, N. Soltani, E. Eftekhar, Hossein Farshidi, S. A. Sobhani, Mahdiye Eslami, A. Dehghani","doi":"10.34172/jkmu.2023.46","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.34172/jkmu.2023.46","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Lysyl oxidase (LOX) and magnesium contribute to vascular development and stability. This research describes how magnesium sulfate (MgSO4 ) regulates the serum levels of LOX and nitric oxide in patients with moderate coronary artery disease (CAD). Methods: This was a randomized double-blind placebo-controlled clinical trial with 76 patients with moderate CAD divided into four groups. The subjects were randomly assigned to groups that took either capsules containing placebo or MgSO4 (300 mg) daily for 6 months. Thus, the experiment included Mg-treated groups with one and two vessels with atherosclerotic plaque (MgVR1 and Mg-VR2) and placebo-treated groups with one and two vessels with atherosclerotic plaque (placebo-VR1 and placeboVR2). Every 3 months, LOX, homocysteine, nitrite, and lipid profile levels were measured. Women and men with moderate CAD who were more than 55 and 50 years old, respectively, were included. Results: Total cholesterol and triglyceride (TG) levels significantly decreased 6 months after intervention (P<0. 01). Decrease of serum homocysteine levels was seen in all groups during the study, but the reduction in the placebo groups was greater than the Mg-treated groups (P<0.001). Three months after treatment with MgSO4 , LOX had stayed at high levels, and it then returned to baseline in the 6-month follow up (P<0.001). The rise in nitrite levels in the placebo-VR2 group was significantly greater than in the Mgso4 -VR2 group (P<0.001). Conclusion: magnesium sulfate may prevent the progression of arteriosclerosis through modulating LOX and homocysteine levels and preventing the increase of nitrite levels. Trial Registration: Identifier: IRCT20151028024756N3; https://www.irct.ir/trial/29097.","PeriodicalId":39002,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Kerman University of Medical Sciences","volume":"29 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139311134","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Sodium-glucose cotransporter-2 (SGLT-2) inhibitors are a new class of oral drugs used to treat type 2 diabetes (T2DM). EuGlycemic Diabetic Ketoacidosis (EuDKA) is associated with an almost normal level of blood glucose, causing a delay in its diagnosis and treatment. The diagnosis of EuDKA is a challenge for doctors due to its unusual manifestations. EuDKA is one of the rare complications associated with the use of SGLT-2 inhibitors, but it is serious and dangerous. Early diagnosis and treatment of EuDKA require the knowledge and precision of doctors so that they can quickly and safely restore the acid-base balance. EuDKA appears with a slight increase in blood glucose (less than the level defined in the diagnostic criteria for DKA), metabolic acidosis, and increase in the anion gap. Its manifestations are somewhat different from typical DKA. Patients with type 1 or 2 diabetes who present weakness, nausea and vomiting, and metabolic acidosis and are taking SGLT-2 inhibitors should be evaluated for the presence of urine and/or serum ketones. In this report, we reported a case of euglycemic DKA following the use of SGLT2 inhibitor and its treatment.
{"title":"Euglycemic Diabetic Ketoacidosis in a Type II Diabetic Patient Treated with Empagliflozin","authors":"Reza Mohamad Hosein Zade Davatgari, Mahsa Soti Khiabani, Parviz Shahmirzalou, Maryam Habibi","doi":"10.34172/jkmu.2023.50","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.34172/jkmu.2023.50","url":null,"abstract":"Sodium-glucose cotransporter-2 (SGLT-2) inhibitors are a new class of oral drugs used to treat type 2 diabetes (T2DM). EuGlycemic Diabetic Ketoacidosis (EuDKA) is associated with an almost normal level of blood glucose, causing a delay in its diagnosis and treatment. The diagnosis of EuDKA is a challenge for doctors due to its unusual manifestations. EuDKA is one of the rare complications associated with the use of SGLT-2 inhibitors, but it is serious and dangerous. Early diagnosis and treatment of EuDKA require the knowledge and precision of doctors so that they can quickly and safely restore the acid-base balance. EuDKA appears with a slight increase in blood glucose (less than the level defined in the diagnostic criteria for DKA), metabolic acidosis, and increase in the anion gap. Its manifestations are somewhat different from typical DKA. Patients with type 1 or 2 diabetes who present weakness, nausea and vomiting, and metabolic acidosis and are taking SGLT-2 inhibitors should be evaluated for the presence of urine and/or serum ketones. In this report, we reported a case of euglycemic DKA following the use of SGLT2 inhibitor and its treatment.","PeriodicalId":39002,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Kerman University of Medical Sciences","volume":"7 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139311424","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Hossein Ali Ebrahimi Meimand, Mohammad Karim Jahani Moghaddam
Background: Epilepsy is one of the most common disorders of the central nervous system. Many factors affect the occurrence and severity of epileptic attacks (EAs). Food is one of the most challenging of the factors. Fasting during Ramadan is one of the important requirements in Islam, and it has always been challenging for epileptic patients. This study evaluated the number of EA cases admitted to the emergency room (ER) during Ramadan. Methods: This prospective and cross-sectional study evaluated all ER visits by EA patients during the months of Shaaban, Ramadan, and Shawwal (all were convulsions). In this study, the mean average ER visit frequency was compared in the three months. The differences between the mean averages of EA visits were significant (P<0.05). Results: Of the 156 cases, half were male and half were female. The frequency of EAs was 68, 35, and 53 for the months of Shaaban, Ramadan, and Shawwal, respectively. It was found that there was about 40% reduction in ER visits during the month of Ramadan, mainly due to the discontinuation of antiepileptic drugs. Conclusion: During the Holy month of Ramadan, the number of visits to the ER due to EA (convulsions) decreased. Two mechanisms are involved in the reduced number of epileptic occurrences and their control: First, the consumption of a high-fat diet and bigger protein portions, and, second, reduced food consumption. Other possible factors are reduced travel during Ramadan, better administration of drugs, and the peaceful mind attributed to this month.
背景：癫痫是中枢神经系统最常见的疾病之一。许多因素都会影响癫痫发作（EA）的发生和严重程度。食物是其中最具挑战性的因素之一。斋月期间禁食是伊斯兰教的重要要求之一，这对癫痫患者来说一直是个挑战。本研究评估了斋月期间急诊室（ER）收治的 EA 病例数。研究方法这项前瞻性横断面研究评估了 EA 患者在斋月、斋月和腊月期间到急诊室就诊的所有病例（均为惊厥）。在这项研究中，对这三个月中急诊室就诊频率的平均值进行了比较。急诊室就诊次数平均值之间的差异显著（P<0.05）。研究结果在 156 个病例中，男性和女性各占一半。斋月、斋月和腊月的 EA 频率分别为 68、35 和 53。研究发现，斋月期间急诊室就诊人数减少了约 40%，这主要是由于患者停用了抗癫痫药物。结论在神圣的斋月期间，因 EA（抽搐）而到急诊室就诊的人数有所减少。癫痫发生次数的减少及其控制涉及两个机制：第一，摄入高脂肪饮食和更多的蛋白质；第二，减少食物摄入量。其他可能的因素包括：斋月期间旅行减少、用药更好以及斋月期间的平和心态。
{"title":"Evaluation of the Effects of Fasting During the Holy Month of Ramadan on Patients with Epileptic Attacks Who Visited the Emergency Room","authors":"Hossein Ali Ebrahimi Meimand, Mohammad Karim Jahani Moghaddam","doi":"10.34172/jkmu.2023.45","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.34172/jkmu.2023.45","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Epilepsy is one of the most common disorders of the central nervous system. Many factors affect the occurrence and severity of epileptic attacks (EAs). Food is one of the most challenging of the factors. Fasting during Ramadan is one of the important requirements in Islam, and it has always been challenging for epileptic patients. This study evaluated the number of EA cases admitted to the emergency room (ER) during Ramadan. Methods: This prospective and cross-sectional study evaluated all ER visits by EA patients during the months of Shaaban, Ramadan, and Shawwal (all were convulsions). In this study, the mean average ER visit frequency was compared in the three months. The differences between the mean averages of EA visits were significant (P<0.05). Results: Of the 156 cases, half were male and half were female. The frequency of EAs was 68, 35, and 53 for the months of Shaaban, Ramadan, and Shawwal, respectively. It was found that there was about 40% reduction in ER visits during the month of Ramadan, mainly due to the discontinuation of antiepileptic drugs. Conclusion: During the Holy month of Ramadan, the number of visits to the ER due to EA (convulsions) decreased. Two mechanisms are involved in the reduced number of epileptic occurrences and their control: First, the consumption of a high-fat diet and bigger protein portions, and, second, reduced food consumption. Other possible factors are reduced travel during Ramadan, better administration of drugs, and the peaceful mind attributed to this month.","PeriodicalId":39002,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Kerman University of Medical Sciences","volume":"107 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139309801","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Akbar Razaghi, Mehrdad Vahedian, Nouzar Nakhaee, Ali Asadipour, M. Mehrabani, A. Mokhtari Ardekani, M. Mehrbani
Background: Distal polyneuropathy is a common complication of diabetes mellitus with a considerable negative impact on the quality of life. This study aimed to evaluate the effect of dry cupping on distal polyneuropathy in diabetic patients. Methods: This controlled clinical trial was performed on 34 patients with diabetic polyneuropathy (DPN) for eight weeks. The non-invasive dry, fixed cupping therapy was performed on the sole of the right foot in the patients three times a week for 10 minutes, and the left foot of the same patient was considered as a control. The severity of diabetic neuropathy was measured using the modified Toronto Clinical Neuropathy Score (mTCNS), and the symptom and sensory test scores were determined. Results: Twenty patients (40 feet) completed the study. There was a significant difference between the control foot and the treated foot in terms of the mTCNS after four and eight weeks (P values=0.004 and 0.001, respectively), in terms of the sensory test scores after four and eight weeks (P values=0.007 and 0.005, respectively), and in terms of the symptom scores after eight weeks (P value=0.002). Conclusion: For the first time, this study demonstrated that cupping therapy might be effective as a complementary treatment in alleviating the symptoms of DPN, although understanding the underlying mechanism requires further investigation.
{"title":"Effects of Foot Dry Cupping in Diabetic Distal Polyneuropathy: A Pilot Controlled Clinical Trial","authors":"Akbar Razaghi, Mehrdad Vahedian, Nouzar Nakhaee, Ali Asadipour, M. Mehrabani, A. Mokhtari Ardekani, M. Mehrbani","doi":"10.34172/jkmu.2023.48","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.34172/jkmu.2023.48","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Distal polyneuropathy is a common complication of diabetes mellitus with a considerable negative impact on the quality of life. This study aimed to evaluate the effect of dry cupping on distal polyneuropathy in diabetic patients. Methods: This controlled clinical trial was performed on 34 patients with diabetic polyneuropathy (DPN) for eight weeks. The non-invasive dry, fixed cupping therapy was performed on the sole of the right foot in the patients three times a week for 10 minutes, and the left foot of the same patient was considered as a control. The severity of diabetic neuropathy was measured using the modified Toronto Clinical Neuropathy Score (mTCNS), and the symptom and sensory test scores were determined. Results: Twenty patients (40 feet) completed the study. There was a significant difference between the control foot and the treated foot in terms of the mTCNS after four and eight weeks (P values=0.004 and 0.001, respectively), in terms of the sensory test scores after four and eight weeks (P values=0.007 and 0.005, respectively), and in terms of the symptom scores after eight weeks (P value=0.002). Conclusion: For the first time, this study demonstrated that cupping therapy might be effective as a complementary treatment in alleviating the symptoms of DPN, although understanding the underlying mechanism requires further investigation.","PeriodicalId":39002,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Kerman University of Medical Sciences","volume":"13 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139310109","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Background: Oral lichen planus (OLP) is a chronic disease that presents with inflammation and has a global prevalence of 0.1-4%. Lesions of the disease occur in the oral mucosa, gums, and rarely in the palate. This study aimed to investigate the relationship between this disease and TNFα-308G/A and IFN-γ+874A/T polymorphisms. Methods: In this case-control study, oral mucosal samples were collected from 50 healthy subjects, and 50 OLP patients presented to the Kerman Faculty of Dentistry were enrolled using a simple sampling method. Subsequently, we used the amplification refractory mutation system polymerase chain reaction (ARMS-PCR) technique followed by sequencing to determine the presence of TNFα-308G/A and IFN-γ+874A/T polymorphisms in cases and controls. Results: Compared to the control group, the prevalence of A and GA alleles of the TNF gene was higher than the prevalence of G and GG alleles in OLP patients, while the AA genotype of the gene was not found in OLP patients. Regarding IFN gene polymorphism, the relationship between the T allele and the risk of disease was discovered, but it was not statistically significant (P value: 0.068). Conclusion: Although there is a strong relation between the A allele of TNF-α (-308G/A) polymorphism and the risk of OLP, this association between IFN-γ+874A/T genotype and the disease was not strong enough to predict the possibility of developing OLP.
{"title":"Association between TNFα-308 G/A and IFN-γ+874A/T Polymorphisms with Oral Lichen Planus","authors":"Malihe Saleh Gohari, Molook Torabi, Reihaneh Saleh Gohari, Elham Abbaszadeh, N. Saleh-Gohari","doi":"10.34172/jkmu.2023.49","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.34172/jkmu.2023.49","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Oral lichen planus (OLP) is a chronic disease that presents with inflammation and has a global prevalence of 0.1-4%. Lesions of the disease occur in the oral mucosa, gums, and rarely in the palate. This study aimed to investigate the relationship between this disease and TNFα-308G/A and IFN-γ+874A/T polymorphisms. Methods: In this case-control study, oral mucosal samples were collected from 50 healthy subjects, and 50 OLP patients presented to the Kerman Faculty of Dentistry were enrolled using a simple sampling method. Subsequently, we used the amplification refractory mutation system polymerase chain reaction (ARMS-PCR) technique followed by sequencing to determine the presence of TNFα-308G/A and IFN-γ+874A/T polymorphisms in cases and controls. Results: Compared to the control group, the prevalence of A and GA alleles of the TNF gene was higher than the prevalence of G and GG alleles in OLP patients, while the AA genotype of the gene was not found in OLP patients. Regarding IFN gene polymorphism, the relationship between the T allele and the risk of disease was discovered, but it was not statistically significant (P value: 0.068). Conclusion: Although there is a strong relation between the A allele of TNF-α (-308G/A) polymorphism and the risk of OLP, this association between IFN-γ+874A/T genotype and the disease was not strong enough to predict the possibility of developing OLP.","PeriodicalId":39002,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Kerman University of Medical Sciences","volume":"8 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139310935","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Background: Due to the high load of the COVID-19 pandemic and its extraordinary mortality rate and some antiviral effects of cactus compounds reported in the literature, the present study aimed to assess the effect of Opuntia cactus on patients with COVID-19 infection and symptoms of disease. Methods: This is a randomized controlled trial study. Patients with COVID-19 infection who were referred to Imam Ali hospital, located in Karaj, Iran, were randomly divided into intervention and control groups. All patients received a standard treatment regimen based on the latest guidelines. Patients in the intervention group received 250 mL of Opuntia extract syrup daily. In addition to standard treatment, the control group received only the standard regimen. Patients’ symptoms including coughing, dyspnea, myalgia, headache, weakness, etc., were estimated daily and compared between the two groups. Results: Fifty-two patients participated in the study. The average length of hospital stays was significantly shorter in the intervention group; also, blood oxygen saturation below 93%, fever, anosmia, coughing, headache, dizziness, myalgia, dyspnea, chest pain, and anorexia were significantly less frequent in the intervention group compared to the control group (P<0.05). Conclusion: Opuntia cactus extract can improve the condition of COVID-19 patients due to symptomatic improvement in patients and decreased hospital stays. Moreover, the duration of most signs and symptoms significantly decreased in the patient group. More clinical trials are also necessary to approve this.
{"title":"The Effect of Opuntia Cactus Extract on Hospitalized Moderate COVID-19 Infection: A Randomized Controlled Trial","authors":"Zeinab Siami, Somayeh Mansoury","doi":"10.34172/jkmu.2023.47","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.34172/jkmu.2023.47","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Due to the high load of the COVID-19 pandemic and its extraordinary mortality rate and some antiviral effects of cactus compounds reported in the literature, the present study aimed to assess the effect of Opuntia cactus on patients with COVID-19 infection and symptoms of disease. Methods: This is a randomized controlled trial study. Patients with COVID-19 infection who were referred to Imam Ali hospital, located in Karaj, Iran, were randomly divided into intervention and control groups. All patients received a standard treatment regimen based on the latest guidelines. Patients in the intervention group received 250 mL of Opuntia extract syrup daily. In addition to standard treatment, the control group received only the standard regimen. Patients’ symptoms including coughing, dyspnea, myalgia, headache, weakness, etc., were estimated daily and compared between the two groups. Results: Fifty-two patients participated in the study. The average length of hospital stays was significantly shorter in the intervention group; also, blood oxygen saturation below 93%, fever, anosmia, coughing, headache, dizziness, myalgia, dyspnea, chest pain, and anorexia were significantly less frequent in the intervention group compared to the control group (P<0.05). Conclusion: Opuntia cactus extract can improve the condition of COVID-19 patients due to symptomatic improvement in patients and decreased hospital stays. Moreover, the duration of most signs and symptoms significantly decreased in the patient group. More clinical trials are also necessary to approve this.","PeriodicalId":39002,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Kerman University of Medical Sciences","volume":"12 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139311192","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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