Maryam Dalili, Shahrzad Moeinaddini, M. Gozashti, Mehdi Torabi, M. Mirzaee, A. Mahdizadeh
Background: To detect gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) in pregnant women as soon as possible, this study aimed to investigate the role of ultrasound in predicting GDM in early pregnancy by measuring the thickness of abdominal subcutaneous adipose tissue. Methods: This paper is a longitudinal study performed on pregnant women at 11-14 weeks of pregnancy. All the women referred during this period were screened for the thickness of abdominal subcutaneous adipose tissue, which was measured using trans-abdominal ultrasound. The patients were followed up by performing the oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT) between the weeks of 24 and 28. Finally, abdominal subcutaneous adipose tissue thickness and other variables were compared between women with and without GDM. Oral consent was obtained from patients. Results: Overall, 210 pregnant women at 11-14 weeks of gestation were enrolled in the study. The mean of abdominal subcutaneous adipose tissue thickness was measured using linear probe ultrasound as 1.72±0.33 mm. The incidence of GDM was significantly associated with maternal age and weight, parity, family history of diabetes, and histories of preeclampsia, hypertension, and recurrent abortion. There was also a statistically significant relationship between GDM and ultrasound-derived subcutaneous adipose tissue thickness at weeks 11-14 of pregnancy (P<0.0001). At the cut-off point of 2.01, the sensitivity, specificity, and area under the curve (AUC) values were 91%, 92%, and 0.96, respectively. Conclusion: Measuring the thickness of the abdominal subcutaneous adipose tissue during early pregnancy may be useful in predicting GDM in the second trimester of pregnancy. Maternal higher age and weight gain, increased parity, and positive family histories of diabetes, preeclampsia, hypertension, and recurrent abortion may also increase the risk of GDM.
{"title":"The Role of Abdominal Ultrasound in the Prediction of GDM in Early Pregnancy","authors":"Maryam Dalili, Shahrzad Moeinaddini, M. Gozashti, Mehdi Torabi, M. Mirzaee, A. Mahdizadeh","doi":"10.34172/jkmu.2023.33","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.34172/jkmu.2023.33","url":null,"abstract":"Background: To detect gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) in pregnant women as soon as possible, this study aimed to investigate the role of ultrasound in predicting GDM in early pregnancy by measuring the thickness of abdominal subcutaneous adipose tissue. Methods: This paper is a longitudinal study performed on pregnant women at 11-14 weeks of pregnancy. All the women referred during this period were screened for the thickness of abdominal subcutaneous adipose tissue, which was measured using trans-abdominal ultrasound. The patients were followed up by performing the oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT) between the weeks of 24 and 28. Finally, abdominal subcutaneous adipose tissue thickness and other variables were compared between women with and without GDM. Oral consent was obtained from patients. Results: Overall, 210 pregnant women at 11-14 weeks of gestation were enrolled in the study. The mean of abdominal subcutaneous adipose tissue thickness was measured using linear probe ultrasound as 1.72±0.33 mm. The incidence of GDM was significantly associated with maternal age and weight, parity, family history of diabetes, and histories of preeclampsia, hypertension, and recurrent abortion. There was also a statistically significant relationship between GDM and ultrasound-derived subcutaneous adipose tissue thickness at weeks 11-14 of pregnancy (P<0.0001). At the cut-off point of 2.01, the sensitivity, specificity, and area under the curve (AUC) values were 91%, 92%, and 0.96, respectively. Conclusion: Measuring the thickness of the abdominal subcutaneous adipose tissue during early pregnancy may be useful in predicting GDM in the second trimester of pregnancy. Maternal higher age and weight gain, increased parity, and positive family histories of diabetes, preeclampsia, hypertension, and recurrent abortion may also increase the risk of GDM.","PeriodicalId":39002,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Kerman University of Medical Sciences","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-08-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47876828","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Ali Jamshidi-Zad, D. Dastan, M. Fallah, F. Azizi-Jalilian, M. Matini
Background: Trichomoniasis, caused by Trichomonas vaginalis protozoan, is the most common nonviral sexually transmitted infection (STI) worldwide. Although metronidazole and tinidazole are the only approved drugs for treatment, drug-resistant cases of infection are on the rise. The aim of this study was the evaluation of antitrichomonal potential of Piper nigrum and limonene. The phytochemical profile of P. nigrum oil was also investigated. Methods: The parasites were treated in vitro with essential oil and different extracts of P. nigrum seed and limonene using microtiter plate method. The oil of P. nigrum was also analyzed by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry and gas chromatography-flame ionization detector. Furthermore, the cytotoxicity assay of P. nigrum oil and limonene were screened on Vero cell line by MTT method. Results: The tested P. nigrum fractions were able to kill 100% of Trichomonas trophozoites at minimum lethal concentration (MLC) and reduce the trophozoite viability at sub-MLC and lower concentrations. After 48 hours exposure, the most potent fraction was the n-hexane extract with MLC of 78 µg/mL followed by the essential oil and methanol extract with MLC of 156 µg/mL, limonene (MLC=1250 µg/mL), and then, aqueous extract with MLC value of 25 mg/mL. Moreover, according to cytotoxicity assay, P. nigrum oil was less toxic to Vero cell than limonene, with a selectivity index (SI) of 13.2 and 2.04, respectively. Conclusion: This study clearly demonstrated the trichomonacidal potential of P. nigrum. Thus, P. nigrum fractions can be considered promising antiprotozoal agents and the basis for further development to discover new phytochemicals compounds.
{"title":"Essential Oil Components and Antitrichomonal Effects of Piper nigrum L.","authors":"Ali Jamshidi-Zad, D. Dastan, M. Fallah, F. Azizi-Jalilian, M. Matini","doi":"10.34172/jkmu.2023.34","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.34172/jkmu.2023.34","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Trichomoniasis, caused by Trichomonas vaginalis protozoan, is the most common nonviral sexually transmitted infection (STI) worldwide. Although metronidazole and tinidazole are the only approved drugs for treatment, drug-resistant cases of infection are on the rise. The aim of this study was the evaluation of antitrichomonal potential of Piper nigrum and limonene. The phytochemical profile of P. nigrum oil was also investigated. Methods: The parasites were treated in vitro with essential oil and different extracts of P. nigrum seed and limonene using microtiter plate method. The oil of P. nigrum was also analyzed by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry and gas chromatography-flame ionization detector. Furthermore, the cytotoxicity assay of P. nigrum oil and limonene were screened on Vero cell line by MTT method. Results: The tested P. nigrum fractions were able to kill 100% of Trichomonas trophozoites at minimum lethal concentration (MLC) and reduce the trophozoite viability at sub-MLC and lower concentrations. After 48 hours exposure, the most potent fraction was the n-hexane extract with MLC of 78 µg/mL followed by the essential oil and methanol extract with MLC of 156 µg/mL, limonene (MLC=1250 µg/mL), and then, aqueous extract with MLC value of 25 mg/mL. Moreover, according to cytotoxicity assay, P. nigrum oil was less toxic to Vero cell than limonene, with a selectivity index (SI) of 13.2 and 2.04, respectively. Conclusion: This study clearly demonstrated the trichomonacidal potential of P. nigrum. Thus, P. nigrum fractions can be considered promising antiprotozoal agents and the basis for further development to discover new phytochemicals compounds.","PeriodicalId":39002,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Kerman University of Medical Sciences","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-08-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47566308","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
G. Miri-Aliabad, Leila Asgarzadeh, A. Dorgalaleh, M. Bahraini
Background: Acute complications of transfusion are among the leading causes of morbidity and mortality in chronically transfused patients. One of the main goals of blood transfusion is to reduce complications and improve blood safety and patient health care worldwide. The present study aimed to investigate the prevalence of acute complications of transfusion beta-thalassemia major (TM) patients in Southeast Iran. Methods: In a prospective study, 23882 transfusions were evaluated in TM patients of a thalassemia clinic for acute reactions during a two-year period. Data were collected by forms to record the information related to blood transfusion at the time of reaction occurrence. Results: The assessment of the data revealed that 228 TM patients (0.95%) had acute complications of transfusion. Among 23882 TM patients undergoing transfusion, 211 (0.87%) developed allergic reactions, 11 (0.04%) were diagnosed with febrile non-hemolytic reaction, and one patient (0.004%) had experienced acute hemolytic transfusion reaction. Conclusion: The results of the current study support preventive measures for the reduction of these complications to improve patients’ health. Acute complications occurred may be due to insufficient ability to perform blood bank tests, lack of standard operating instructions, and lack of necessary monitoring during the transfusion process. The best way to reduce the risk of blood transfusion reactions is to provide special care to the patients during the first 24 hours after transfusion. Creating a consistent and continuous education system with standard operating instructions and establishing an error reporting system leads to improve knowledge about transfusion guidelines and best practices.
{"title":"Prevalence of Acute Complications of Transfusion in Children with β-thalassemia Major in Southeast Iran: A Prospective Study","authors":"G. Miri-Aliabad, Leila Asgarzadeh, A. Dorgalaleh, M. Bahraini","doi":"10.34172/jkmu.2023.38","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.34172/jkmu.2023.38","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Acute complications of transfusion are among the leading causes of morbidity and mortality in chronically transfused patients. One of the main goals of blood transfusion is to reduce complications and improve blood safety and patient health care worldwide. The present study aimed to investigate the prevalence of acute complications of transfusion beta-thalassemia major (TM) patients in Southeast Iran. Methods: In a prospective study, 23882 transfusions were evaluated in TM patients of a thalassemia clinic for acute reactions during a two-year period. Data were collected by forms to record the information related to blood transfusion at the time of reaction occurrence. Results: The assessment of the data revealed that 228 TM patients (0.95%) had acute complications of transfusion. Among 23882 TM patients undergoing transfusion, 211 (0.87%) developed allergic reactions, 11 (0.04%) were diagnosed with febrile non-hemolytic reaction, and one patient (0.004%) had experienced acute hemolytic transfusion reaction. Conclusion: The results of the current study support preventive measures for the reduction of these complications to improve patients’ health. Acute complications occurred may be due to insufficient ability to perform blood bank tests, lack of standard operating instructions, and lack of necessary monitoring during the transfusion process. The best way to reduce the risk of blood transfusion reactions is to provide special care to the patients during the first 24 hours after transfusion. Creating a consistent and continuous education system with standard operating instructions and establishing an error reporting system leads to improve knowledge about transfusion guidelines and best practices.","PeriodicalId":39002,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Kerman University of Medical Sciences","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-08-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43932289","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Sanaz Jahandideh, Emad Behboudi, Hadi Razavi-Nikoo, A. Moradi
Background: The human papillomavirus (HPV) main capsid protein L1 is naturally capable of self-assembly as virus-like particles (VLPs). There are different recombinant protein expression systems, such as bacteria, yeast, insect, plant, and mammalian cells, for the generation of VLP-based candidate vaccines targeting various pathogens. In this study, we produced the HPV16-L1 protein by BL21/pET32a expression system, and VLP production was confirmed. Methods: The recombinant plasmid pET32/L1 was transformed into Escherichia coli BL21 and selected with ampicillin. The positive clones containing the recombinant plasmid pET32/L1 were assessed by restriction endonucleases HindIII and XhoI and nested polymerase chain reaction (PCR). The expression of HPV16-L1 fusion protein in Escherichia coli BL21 was identified by SDS-PAGE and western blotting. Electron microscopy was used to evaluate VLP formation. Results: A codon-optimized L1 gene was expressed in BL21 under the control of the T7/lac promoter. Purification of L1 protein was achieved after Ni NTA chromatography. The 60 kDa protein was detected in the lysates of BL21, recognized as HPV16- L1 protein by western blotting. The VLPs were confirmed using electron microscopy. Conclusion: In this study, we established an efficient recombinant E. coli expression system for the production of HPV 16- L1 protein. The generated L1 protein was correctly self-assembled into VLPs. Therefore, BL21/pET32a as a prokaryotic expression system is a potent tool for HPV16-L1 VLP production.
{"title":"Production of HPV16-L1 Through BL21/pET32a Expression System","authors":"Sanaz Jahandideh, Emad Behboudi, Hadi Razavi-Nikoo, A. Moradi","doi":"10.34172/jkmu.2023.39","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.34172/jkmu.2023.39","url":null,"abstract":"Background: The human papillomavirus (HPV) main capsid protein L1 is naturally capable of self-assembly as virus-like particles (VLPs). There are different recombinant protein expression systems, such as bacteria, yeast, insect, plant, and mammalian cells, for the generation of VLP-based candidate vaccines targeting various pathogens. In this study, we produced the HPV16-L1 protein by BL21/pET32a expression system, and VLP production was confirmed. Methods: The recombinant plasmid pET32/L1 was transformed into Escherichia coli BL21 and selected with ampicillin. The positive clones containing the recombinant plasmid pET32/L1 were assessed by restriction endonucleases HindIII and XhoI and nested polymerase chain reaction (PCR). The expression of HPV16-L1 fusion protein in Escherichia coli BL21 was identified by SDS-PAGE and western blotting. Electron microscopy was used to evaluate VLP formation. Results: A codon-optimized L1 gene was expressed in BL21 under the control of the T7/lac promoter. Purification of L1 protein was achieved after Ni NTA chromatography. The 60 kDa protein was detected in the lysates of BL21, recognized as HPV16- L1 protein by western blotting. The VLPs were confirmed using electron microscopy. Conclusion: In this study, we established an efficient recombinant E. coli expression system for the production of HPV 16- L1 protein. The generated L1 protein was correctly self-assembled into VLPs. Therefore, BL21/pET32a as a prokaryotic expression system is a potent tool for HPV16-L1 VLP production.","PeriodicalId":39002,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Kerman University of Medical Sciences","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-08-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43595670","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Seyed Fatemeh Maashi, M. Pourabdollah, Elham Askar, H. Ashraf
Background: Recent studies have reported that the increase in the pro-oxidant-antioxidant balance (PAB) in patients with COVID-19 is associated with the exacerbation of clinical manifestations of the disease. The underlying risk factors of these patients, including a history of chronic systemic diseases, also may be associated with PAB disorder. It seems that there should be a significant relationship between clinical disorders and laboratory factors with PAB disorder. This issue was evaluated in this study. Methods: In this cross-sectional study, 105 patients referred to Masih Hospital in Tehran in 2021, including 58 subjects with COVID-19 infection and 47 as a control group, were studied. The subjects in this study were evaluated for PAB by the ELISA method. Results: The mean value of PAB in individuals with and without COVID-19 was 72.77±17.66 and 66.53±14.30, respectively, which was significantly higher in COVID-19 patients (P=0.049). In patients with COVID-19, there was a significant correlation between PAB and plasma triglyceride level (P=0.011) and an inverse relationship between PAB level and blood sodium level (P=0.047). In the COVID-19 group, there was no significant relationship between PAB level and histories of hypertension, hyperlipidemia, diabetes, and ischemic heart disease. Conclusion: The increase in PAB is quite evident in patients with COVID-19 compared to healthy individuals. There is a significant relationship between PAB and some laboratory markers in these patients such as blood triglyceride levels as well as decreased serum sodium. Therefore, it still seems that the activity of oxidative stress processes plays a role in the pathogenesis and exacerbation of COVID-19 disease and can be considered one of the therapeutic goals in these patients.
{"title":"Assessment of the Pro-oxidant Antioxidant Balance (PAB) in COVID-19 Patients Compared to Healthy Subjects Referred to Masih Hospital","authors":"Seyed Fatemeh Maashi, M. Pourabdollah, Elham Askar, H. Ashraf","doi":"10.34172/jkmu.2023.36","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.34172/jkmu.2023.36","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Recent studies have reported that the increase in the pro-oxidant-antioxidant balance (PAB) in patients with COVID-19 is associated with the exacerbation of clinical manifestations of the disease. The underlying risk factors of these patients, including a history of chronic systemic diseases, also may be associated with PAB disorder. It seems that there should be a significant relationship between clinical disorders and laboratory factors with PAB disorder. This issue was evaluated in this study. Methods: In this cross-sectional study, 105 patients referred to Masih Hospital in Tehran in 2021, including 58 subjects with COVID-19 infection and 47 as a control group, were studied. The subjects in this study were evaluated for PAB by the ELISA method. Results: The mean value of PAB in individuals with and without COVID-19 was 72.77±17.66 and 66.53±14.30, respectively, which was significantly higher in COVID-19 patients (P=0.049). In patients with COVID-19, there was a significant correlation between PAB and plasma triglyceride level (P=0.011) and an inverse relationship between PAB level and blood sodium level (P=0.047). In the COVID-19 group, there was no significant relationship between PAB level and histories of hypertension, hyperlipidemia, diabetes, and ischemic heart disease. Conclusion: The increase in PAB is quite evident in patients with COVID-19 compared to healthy individuals. There is a significant relationship between PAB and some laboratory markers in these patients such as blood triglyceride levels as well as decreased serum sodium. Therefore, it still seems that the activity of oxidative stress processes plays a role in the pathogenesis and exacerbation of COVID-19 disease and can be considered one of the therapeutic goals in these patients.","PeriodicalId":39002,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Kerman University of Medical Sciences","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-08-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44779899","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
M. Hosseinzadeh, M. Eghbali, Z. Hashemi, Narges Naserirad, Mahbube Shirdel, M. Rafizadeh, D. Farzin, M. Ebrahimzadeh
Background: Hypoxia exists in some malignancies and is a prognostic risk factor contributing to tumor growth and metastasis. Anti-hypoxic compounds may improve this situation and be considered as anti-cancer agents. In previous reports, Cydonia oblonga, Portulaca oleracea, and Artemisia dracunculus showed anti-cancer activities. So, we investigated the anti-hypoxic activities of C. oblonga, P. oleracea, and A. dracunculus to evaluate the possible mechanism of their effectiveness in treating cancer. Methods: Total phenolic and flavonoid contents and HPLC analysis were performed on C. oblonga leaves, P. oleracea, and A. dracunculus aerial parts extract. Anti-hypoxic activities were evaluated in asphyctic, haemic, and circulatory hypoxia models. Results: A. dracunculus extract (at 250 mg/kg) significantly improved the survival time compared to the normal saline (P<0.0001) in asphyctic hypoxia, even its effect was significantly better than phenytoin in this dose (P=0.0005). Although the extracts increased the survival time in other doses, their effects were not significant (P>0.05). In haemic hypoxia, the extracts were ineffective at any dose (P>0.05). At 250 mg/kg, P. oleracea and A. dracunculus significantly increased the survival time (P<0.001 and P<0.05, respectively) in circulatory hypoxia. Their effects were similar to propranolol (P>0.05). Conclusion: The anti-cancer effects of C. oblonga are not dependent on the anti-hypoxic effects. P. oleracea and A. dracunculus have anti-hypoxic effects only in high doses, indicating their extracts’ weak anti-hypoxic ability or the presence of potent anti-hypoxic compounds with low concentrations in them.
{"title":"The Role of Cydonia oblonga, Portulaca oleracea, and Artemisia dracunculus on Hypoxia","authors":"M. Hosseinzadeh, M. Eghbali, Z. Hashemi, Narges Naserirad, Mahbube Shirdel, M. Rafizadeh, D. Farzin, M. Ebrahimzadeh","doi":"10.34172/jkmu.2023.40","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.34172/jkmu.2023.40","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Hypoxia exists in some malignancies and is a prognostic risk factor contributing to tumor growth and metastasis. Anti-hypoxic compounds may improve this situation and be considered as anti-cancer agents. In previous reports, Cydonia oblonga, Portulaca oleracea, and Artemisia dracunculus showed anti-cancer activities. So, we investigated the anti-hypoxic activities of C. oblonga, P. oleracea, and A. dracunculus to evaluate the possible mechanism of their effectiveness in treating cancer. Methods: Total phenolic and flavonoid contents and HPLC analysis were performed on C. oblonga leaves, P. oleracea, and A. dracunculus aerial parts extract. Anti-hypoxic activities were evaluated in asphyctic, haemic, and circulatory hypoxia models. Results: A. dracunculus extract (at 250 mg/kg) significantly improved the survival time compared to the normal saline (P<0.0001) in asphyctic hypoxia, even its effect was significantly better than phenytoin in this dose (P=0.0005). Although the extracts increased the survival time in other doses, their effects were not significant (P>0.05). In haemic hypoxia, the extracts were ineffective at any dose (P>0.05). At 250 mg/kg, P. oleracea and A. dracunculus significantly increased the survival time (P<0.001 and P<0.05, respectively) in circulatory hypoxia. Their effects were similar to propranolol (P>0.05). Conclusion: The anti-cancer effects of C. oblonga are not dependent on the anti-hypoxic effects. P. oleracea and A. dracunculus have anti-hypoxic effects only in high doses, indicating their extracts’ weak anti-hypoxic ability or the presence of potent anti-hypoxic compounds with low concentrations in them.","PeriodicalId":39002,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Kerman University of Medical Sciences","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-08-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48434911","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Mandibular condyles constitute a major part of the temporomandibular joint. Bifid mandibular condyle (BMC) is a rare morphological variant of the condyle that is asymptomatic in most cases and can be diagnosed incidentally on a orthopantomogram during routine radiographic examination. But orthopantomography is a 2-dimensional imaging modality with various structures superimposed over the temporomandibular region causing practical difficulty in the diagnosis of BMC. The exact morphological architecture of the condyles can be more accurately visualized in advanced imaging techniques like computed tomography (CT) and cone beam computed tomography (CBMT), helping in the diagnosis of the bifid condyles. The radiological appearance of BMC varies depending on direction and depth of the separating groove. The typical radiographic presentation in most cases is a complete or incomplete split of the condylar heads, separated by a groove. This paper presents a case of a unilateral BMC on the right side which was diagnosed CBMT.
{"title":"Cross-sectional Imaging of Bifid Mandibular Condyle – A Rare Condition","authors":"M. Asan, R. Castelino, S. Babu, Supriya Bhat","doi":"10.34172/jkmu.2023.41","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.34172/jkmu.2023.41","url":null,"abstract":"Mandibular condyles constitute a major part of the temporomandibular joint. Bifid mandibular condyle (BMC) is a rare morphological variant of the condyle that is asymptomatic in most cases and can be diagnosed incidentally on a orthopantomogram during routine radiographic examination. But orthopantomography is a 2-dimensional imaging modality with various structures superimposed over the temporomandibular region causing practical difficulty in the diagnosis of BMC. The exact morphological architecture of the condyles can be more accurately visualized in advanced imaging techniques like computed tomography (CT) and cone beam computed tomography (CBMT), helping in the diagnosis of the bifid condyles. The radiological appearance of BMC varies depending on direction and depth of the separating groove. The typical radiographic presentation in most cases is a complete or incomplete split of the condylar heads, separated by a groove. This paper presents a case of a unilateral BMC on the right side which was diagnosed CBMT.","PeriodicalId":39002,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Kerman University of Medical Sciences","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-08-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46942265","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
R. Mohammadi, Hamid Pakmanesh, M. Hashemian, Abbas Poorjafari
Background: The main problem in the proper management of non-muscle invasive bladder cancer (NMIBC) is the under-staging of lesions after initial transurethral resection of bladder tumor (TUBRT). Under staging is much more evident in T1 tumors when the detrusor muscle is absent. So, we evaluated under-staging and residual tumors in patients with complete initial TURBT whose initial pathological samples revealed the presence of the detrusor muscle. Methods: In this prospective study performed in Bahonar hospital, Kerman, Iran, from August 2018 to April 2020, 51 patients with newly diagnosed T1 bladder tumors were enrolled according to our criteria and underwent standard Re-TURBT about eight weeks after the initial TURBT. Results: Of 51 patients who underwent Re-TURBT, 12 (23.5%) had tumors, of whom eight had microscopic, and four had macroscopic tumors. None of them were upstaged or upgraded. There was a statistically significant relationship between the presence of tumors in Re-TURBT and the size of the primary tumor (>3 cm) and the number of tumors (>1). No changes were observed in the stage and grade of the disease, besides, the treatment plan of patients did not change despite imposing financial burdens on patients and the healthcare system. Conclusion: Re-TURBT is not necessary for all superficial bladder tumors, especially in the case of complete initial TURBT, and also in the presence of the detrusor muscle in the pathological sample and when the tumor is single and less than three centimeters in size.
{"title":"Does Repeating Transurethral Resection of Bladder Tumors Change Treatment Plan for All T1 Tumors?","authors":"R. Mohammadi, Hamid Pakmanesh, M. Hashemian, Abbas Poorjafari","doi":"10.34172/jkmu.2023.35","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.34172/jkmu.2023.35","url":null,"abstract":"Background: The main problem in the proper management of non-muscle invasive bladder cancer (NMIBC) is the under-staging of lesions after initial transurethral resection of bladder tumor (TUBRT). Under staging is much more evident in T1 tumors when the detrusor muscle is absent. So, we evaluated under-staging and residual tumors in patients with complete initial TURBT whose initial pathological samples revealed the presence of the detrusor muscle. Methods: In this prospective study performed in Bahonar hospital, Kerman, Iran, from August 2018 to April 2020, 51 patients with newly diagnosed T1 bladder tumors were enrolled according to our criteria and underwent standard Re-TURBT about eight weeks after the initial TURBT. Results: Of 51 patients who underwent Re-TURBT, 12 (23.5%) had tumors, of whom eight had microscopic, and four had macroscopic tumors. None of them were upstaged or upgraded. There was a statistically significant relationship between the presence of tumors in Re-TURBT and the size of the primary tumor (>3 cm) and the number of tumors (>1). No changes were observed in the stage and grade of the disease, besides, the treatment plan of patients did not change despite imposing financial burdens on patients and the healthcare system. Conclusion: Re-TURBT is not necessary for all superficial bladder tumors, especially in the case of complete initial TURBT, and also in the presence of the detrusor muscle in the pathological sample and when the tumor is single and less than three centimeters in size.","PeriodicalId":39002,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Kerman University of Medical Sciences","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-08-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48195312","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Nasrollah Jamshidi Gohari, Mahmood Karimi Mobarake, A. Sadeghifar
Background: Obesity is a growing epidemic in developed countries which leads to an increase in the percentage of obese people in the orthopedic trauma population and affects patients’ postoperative period. Lower extremity long bone fractures are among the most common fractures and lead to significant complications, prolonged hospitalization, and heavy financial burden on the community health networks. Methods: In this cohort study, all patients with lower extremity long bone fractures (tibia or femur) treated in Bahonar hospital in Kerman were included using the simple sampling method. Then, they were divided into two groups based on BMI (patients with BMI greater than or equal to 30 were considered obese, and with BMI less than 30 were considered non-obese) and followed up for one year after treatment. Results: Our study was conducted on two groups, each including 65 people, of obese and non-obese people with lower extremity fractures. In statistical studies, no significant difference was found between the obese and non-obese groups in terms of underlying disease (P=0.1), fracture site (P=0.130), open or closed fracture (P=0.283), type of surgery (P=0.217), and fracture complications (P=0.699). Conclusion: According to this study, there is no significant relationship between the complications of lower extremity long bone fractures in obese and non-obese people; it seems that after the incidence of fracture, mostly systemic complications should be considered in obese people. Finally, considering the differences between the results of this study and similar studies and genetic and ethnic differences in other parts of Iran, conducting further studies in this field with larger sample sizes in different geographical locations is recommended.
{"title":"Comparison of Lower Extremity Long Bone Fracture Surgery Results between Obese and Non-obese Patients","authors":"Nasrollah Jamshidi Gohari, Mahmood Karimi Mobarake, A. Sadeghifar","doi":"10.34172/jkmu.2023.37","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.34172/jkmu.2023.37","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Obesity is a growing epidemic in developed countries which leads to an increase in the percentage of obese people in the orthopedic trauma population and affects patients’ postoperative period. Lower extremity long bone fractures are among the most common fractures and lead to significant complications, prolonged hospitalization, and heavy financial burden on the community health networks. Methods: In this cohort study, all patients with lower extremity long bone fractures (tibia or femur) treated in Bahonar hospital in Kerman were included using the simple sampling method. Then, they were divided into two groups based on BMI (patients with BMI greater than or equal to 30 were considered obese, and with BMI less than 30 were considered non-obese) and followed up for one year after treatment. Results: Our study was conducted on two groups, each including 65 people, of obese and non-obese people with lower extremity fractures. In statistical studies, no significant difference was found between the obese and non-obese groups in terms of underlying disease (P=0.1), fracture site (P=0.130), open or closed fracture (P=0.283), type of surgery (P=0.217), and fracture complications (P=0.699). Conclusion: According to this study, there is no significant relationship between the complications of lower extremity long bone fractures in obese and non-obese people; it seems that after the incidence of fracture, mostly systemic complications should be considered in obese people. Finally, considering the differences between the results of this study and similar studies and genetic and ethnic differences in other parts of Iran, conducting further studies in this field with larger sample sizes in different geographical locations is recommended.","PeriodicalId":39002,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Kerman University of Medical Sciences","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-08-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48756098","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
understanding of the need for addressing the spiritual dimension of human beings. From a holistic view, human beings are first and foremost spirits and should be regarded as a whole, not merely their bodies (1). Contrary to the notion of looking at patients as cases of a disease occupying hospital beds and subject to different drugs or medical interventions, patients are more and more being recognized as humans who should be considered as a whole, including physical and spiritual dimensions that correlate with and influence each other. In view of the spiritual dimension overarching other dimensions of human beings (2) and the spiritual distress faced by many patients, the healthcare system should take care not to disturb the spirituality of patients but rather try to enhance and improve it (3). Spiritual care, in this way, can improve the effectiveness and quality of care services through reform in professional care by addressing spiritual needs as a part of holistic care (4).
{"title":"Spiritual Care or Caring Spiritually?","authors":"A. Heidari, S. Adeli, Morteza Heidari","doi":"10.34172/jkmu.2023.32","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.34172/jkmu.2023.32","url":null,"abstract":"understanding of the need for addressing the spiritual dimension of human beings. From a holistic view, human beings are first and foremost spirits and should be regarded as a whole, not merely their bodies (1). Contrary to the notion of looking at patients as cases of a disease occupying hospital beds and subject to different drugs or medical interventions, patients are more and more being recognized as humans who should be considered as a whole, including physical and spiritual dimensions that correlate with and influence each other. In view of the spiritual dimension overarching other dimensions of human beings (2) and the spiritual distress faced by many patients, the healthcare system should take care not to disturb the spirituality of patients but rather try to enhance and improve it (3). Spiritual care, in this way, can improve the effectiveness and quality of care services through reform in professional care by addressing spiritual needs as a part of holistic care (4).","PeriodicalId":39002,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Kerman University of Medical Sciences","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-06-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44243828","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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