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Estimation of single crop co-efficient for wheat crop using spectral indices 利用光谱指数估算小麦作物单产系数
Q4 Physics and Astronomy Pub Date : 2022-11-03 DOI: 10.29138/neutron.v22i01.163
Syed Muhammad Saleh, A. Qureshi, I. Shaikh
The majority of the time, real crop water requirements are determined by combining references evaporation with crop coefficients. The crop coefficient accounts for plant transpiration and soil evaporation. The Kc values calculated with the lysimeter setup are point valued with no spatial fluctuation. Remotely detected spectral indices were used to estimate the crop coefficient in both space and time. As a result, this research was carried out to show that crop coefficients may be estimated using satellite data. The corrected satellite data for the research region were obtained/downloaded from the USGS website for the winter growing season (November to March). A hand-held GPS device was used to acquire ground truth valued. Plant heights of randomly selected plants were measured at 15 days intervals at the same time. The downloaded satellite data yielded two spectral indices: the Normalized Difference Vegetation Index (NDVI), and Soil Adjusted Vegetation Index (SAVI).to build relationships between Kc values and spectral indices, basic linear and multiple linear regression approaches were used kc and NDVI had a great individual relationship (R2=0.92) and SAVI (R2=0.79) while the combined association of NDVI and SAVI  (R2=0.94) was shown to be superior than each index’s standalone relationship. These relationships should be used to determine Kc values for wheat grown in dry areas with plenty of water.
在大多数情况下,实际作物需水量是通过结合参考蒸发量和作物系数来确定的。作物系数反映了植物蒸腾和土壤蒸发。用溶蚀计装置计算的Kc值是点值,没有空间波动。利用遥感光谱指数估算作物系数在空间和时间上的变化。因此,进行这项研究是为了表明可以利用卫星数据估计作物系数。研究区域的校正卫星数据是从美国地质勘探局网站上获得/下载的冬季生长季节(11月至3月)。利用手持GPS装置获取地面真值值。随机选择植株,每隔15 d同时测定株高。下载的卫星数据得到两个光谱指数:归一化植被指数(NDVI)和土壤调整植被指数(SAVI)。利用基本线性回归和多元线性回归方法建立Kc值与光谱指标之间的关系,Kc与NDVI有显著的个体关系(R2=0.92), SAVI有显著的个体关系(R2=0.79),而NDVI与SAVI的联合关系(R2=0.94)优于各指标的单独关系。这些关系应用于确定在水分充足的干旱地区种植的小麦的Kc值。
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引用次数: 0
Effect of Facility, Accessibility and Communication Style on Customer Loyalty Warung Coffee Regular Jl Siwalankerto Timur – Surabaya 设施、可及性和沟通方式对Warung Coffee Regular顾客忠诚度的影响
Q4 Physics and Astronomy Pub Date : 2022-11-03 DOI: 10.29138/neutron.v22i01.168
Setyawan dwi Oktavianto
Hypothesis testing is done based on quantitative tests. Measurement of variables using Likert scale data types by distributing questionnaires. The population in this study were coffee shop customers who had visited more than once. The sampling technique was carried out using a total sampling technique. The sample of this research is 100 regular coffee shop customers. The data analysis technique is multiple linear regression. After conducting research and analysis, it can be concluded that the variables of facilities, accessibility and communication style have a significant simultaneous and partial effect on customer loyalty at the usual coffee shop, Jl Siwalankerto Timur Surabaya.
假设检验是基于定量检验来完成的。通过分发问卷,使用李克特量表数据类型测量变量。这项研究的对象是光顾过不止一次的咖啡店顾客。采样技术采用全采样技术。这项研究的样本是100名经常光顾咖啡店的顾客。数据分析技术为多元线性回归。经过研究和分析,可以得出结论,设施、可达性和沟通方式等变量对普通咖啡店Jl Siwalankerto Timur Surabaya的顾客忠诚度有显著的同时和部分影响。
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引用次数: 0
Report on the Workshop on “Magnetic Small Angle Neutron Scattering - Data Analysis and Software Prospects” “磁小角中子散射-数据分析与软件展望”研讨会报告
Q4 Physics and Astronomy Pub Date : 2022-10-02 DOI: 10.1080/10448632.2022.2126691
A. Stellhorn, W. Potrzebowski, Paul D. Butler
M agnetic Small-Angle Neutron Scattering (mSANS) is a powerful technique that has become a critical tool for condensed matter studies, providing a unique insight into material properties, and at the same time showing increasing potential for a variety of soft matter studies. This results in the need for an easily accessible, common, robust and maintained program to analyze magnetic SANS data. To tackle this challenge, a 2-day workshop titled “Magnetic SANS – Data Analysis and Software Prospects” was organized by Lund University and the SasView development team in June 2022, in cooperation with the New Materials Theme at the LINXS Institute of Advanced Neutron and X-ray Science (Figure 1): https:// www.linxs.se/events/2022/6/13/ linxs-workshop-magnetic-sans-dataanalysis-and-software-prospects. Experimentalists, theoreticians, and code developers of all career stages discussed the current needs in the field as well as recent advances and future prospects for recording, analyzing, and simulating magnetic SANS data in SasView, and how SasView might interact with other tools. SasView is an open source community developed software tool (https://www.sasview.org/), in which the ability to compute magnetic scattering cross sections has recently been added to release version 5.0.5. Capabilities for the analysis and simulation of magnetic scattering data within this newly released version were presented, followed by open discussions on the current constraints, and how to optimize workflows for handling polarized SANS data. In small group discussions, questions like “What are you currently missing regarding data analysis and simulation to optimally process your data?”, or “Which in-house developed functions and workflows are you using because public software packages do not yet provide them?” were addressed, and the outcomes listed as action items to be implemented into SasView. To capitalize on the outcomes, the SasView Development Team held one of their occasional Hackathons (https:// indico.esss.lu.se/event/3009/) immediately after the Magnetic SANS workshop, encouraging the participants to actively take part in the development
磁小角中子散射(mSANS)是一种强大的技术,已成为凝聚态物质研究的重要工具,提供了对材料性质的独特见解,同时在各种软物质研究中显示出越来越大的潜力。这导致需要一个易于访问、通用、健壮和维护的程序来分析磁性SANS数据。为了应对这一挑战,隆德大学和SasView开发团队于2022年6月与LINXS高级中子和x射线科学研究所的新材料主题合作,组织了为期两天的名为“磁性SANS -数据分析和软件前景”的研讨会(图1):https:// www.linxs.se/events/2022/6/13/ LINXS - workshop-magne-sans -数据分析和软件前景。所有职业阶段的实验学家、理论家和代码开发人员讨论了该领域的当前需求,以及在SasView中记录、分析和模拟磁性SANS数据的最新进展和未来前景,以及SasView如何与其他工具交互。SasView是一个开源社区开发的软件工具(https://www.sasview.org/),其中计算磁散射截面的能力最近被添加到5.0.5版本中。在这个新发布的版本中,介绍了磁散射数据的分析和模拟功能,随后公开讨论了当前的限制,以及如何优化处理极化SANS数据的工作流程。在小组讨论中,像“在数据分析和模拟方面,你目前缺少什么来优化处理你的数据?”,或者“由于公共软件包尚未提供,您正在使用哪些内部开发的功能和工作流?”,并将结果列为要在SasView中实现的行动项。为了充分利用这些成果,SasView开发团队在磁力SANS研讨会之后立即举行了一次他们偶尔的黑客马拉松(https:// indico.esss.lu.se/event/3009/),鼓励参与者积极参与开发
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引用次数: 0
PIK Research Reactor Put into Megawatt-Power Operation PIK研究堆投入兆瓦功率运行
Q4 Physics and Astronomy Pub Date : 2022-10-02 DOI: 10.1080/10448632.2022.2126716
V. Voronin, A. V. Gartvik, S. Gavrilov, S. Grigoriev, M. Diachkov, D. A. Ipatov, V. Matveev, V. Tarnavich, V. Syromyatnikov, A. O. Polushkin, K. A. Pshenichnyi, V. Ulyanov, V. Zinoviev
Abstract High-flux research reactor PIK has reached megawatt power. The reactor is undergoing the commissioning process divided into several stages, and it reached the power of 7 MW in March 2022. The reactor is designed to operate on extracted neutron beams, accommodating the first five neutron stations, which have already been used in test experiments. The value of the thermal neutron flux at the output of the PIK reactor’s Horizontal Experimental Channel No.10 (HEC-10) was measured by two independent methods. During the course of the reactor reaching 7 MW power, the integral neutron flux on the extracted neutron beam was measured. The spectrum of the extracted neutron beam is measured and presented.
高通量研究堆PIK功率已达到兆瓦级。该反应堆正在进行分几个阶段的调试过程,并于2022年3月达到7兆瓦的功率。该反应堆被设计为在提取的中子束上运行,可容纳首批五个中子站,这些中子站已经用于测试实验。采用两种独立的方法测量了PIK反应堆水平实验通道10号(HEC-10)输出处的热中子通量值。在反应堆达到7 MW功率的过程中,测量了提取中子束上的积分中子通量。对提取的中子束的光谱进行了测量并给出了谱图。
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引用次数: 0
Current Challenges in Materials for Thermal Energy Storage 热能储存材料的当前挑战
Q4 Physics and Astronomy Pub Date : 2022-10-02 DOI: 10.1080/10448632.2022.2126688
F. Fernandez-Alonso, F. Bresme
Neutron News 6 Meeting Report Current Challenges in Materials for Thermal Energy Storage In June 2022, over 40 scientists from 13 countries across four continents came together in stunning Caesar Augusta (Zaragoza, Spain) to participate in a 3-day CECAM Flagship Workshop entitled “Current Challenges in Materials for Thermal Energy Storage.” Originally planned for 2021, the intensity of the COVID pandemic at the time could not guarantee a face-to-face meeting. With the benefit of hindsight, its postponement to 2022 was a gratifying turn of fate, as only a handful of registered participants had to join us online for the event (see Figure 1). The record-high temperatures we all experienced in Zaragoza during the meeting were certainly a vivid reminder of the primary driver behind the workshop, as well as of the challenges associated with securing a sustainable future for all: human activities continue to produce and require vast amounts of energy, and its efficient storage and subsequent use has far-reaching economic and societal impacts. This latter objective drives current efforts in the search for improved Thermal Energy-Storage Materials (TESMs), to store and release energy via sensible heat, adsorption-desorption phenomena or well-defined phase transitions either in the bulk or under confinement. In all cases, the search for improved TESMs has relied primarily on empirical knowledge focused on a handful of observables like the heat capacity, melting/desorption enthalpy & temperature or the thermal conductivity, albeit with quite limited physical insight and success. Motivated by the above, this workshop brought together computational and experimental efforts for their coordinated deployment in order to move beyond the stateof-the-art in the rational design of TESMs. These included ongoing developments of versatile and accurate computer-simulation tools in tandem with increasingly elaborate experimental campaigns, with an emphasis on the exploitation of last-generation radiation-scattering techniques (neutrons and X-rays) and the use of robust methodologies to gain access to much-needed thermophysical data in and out-of equilibrium. During the event, we enjoyed over twenty presentations from leading practitioners across a plethora
2022年6月,来自四大洲13个国家的40多名科学家聚集在令人惊叹的凯撒奥古斯塔(西班牙萨拉戈萨),参加了为期3天的CECAM旗舰研讨会,题为“热能储存材料的当前挑战”。原计划在2021年举行,但当时COVID大流行的强度无法保证面对面的会议。事后看来,推迟到2022年是一个令人欣慰的命运转折,因为只有少数注册的参与者必须在线加入我们的活动(见图1)。会议期间,我们在萨拉戈萨经历了创纪录的高温,这无疑生动地提醒了研讨会背后的主要驱动因素,以及与确保所有人的可持续未来相关的挑战。人类活动继续产生和需要大量能源,能源的有效储存和随后的利用具有深远的经济和社会影响。后一个目标推动了目前寻找改进的热能储存材料(tesm)的努力,通过显热,吸附-解吸现象或在体或约束下明确的相变来存储和释放能量。在所有情况下,寻找改进的tesm主要依赖于经验知识,集中在少数可观察到的数据上,如热容量、熔化/解吸焓和温度或导热系数,尽管物理洞察力和成功程度相当有限。在上述的激励下,本次研讨会汇集了计算和实验方面的努力,以协调部署它们,以便在tesm的合理设计中超越最先进的技术。其中包括不断发展的多功能和精确的计算机模拟工具,以及日益复杂的实验活动,重点是利用上一代辐射散射技术(中子和x射线),以及使用可靠的方法来获取急需的热物理数据。在活动期间,我们欣赏了来自众多领先从业者的二十多场演讲
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引用次数: 0
Instrumentation Workshop – Best Instruments for the Future Neutron Facility HBS 仪器车间-未来中子设施的最佳仪器HBS
Q4 Physics and Astronomy Pub Date : 2022-10-02 DOI: 10.1080/10448632.2022.2126692
T. Gutberlet, J. Voigt
I n recent years, various projects have worked on developing powerful accelerator-driven neutron sources based on low-energy nuclear reactions using high-current proton beams. Such High Current Accelerator-based Neutron Sources (HiCANS) aim to be the next generation neutron user facilities standing out by highly competitive instrument performance, cost-efficiency, and easy access. At the Jülich Centre for Neutron Science (JCNS) of Forschungszentrum Jülich, the project of a High Brilliance neutron Source (HBS) explores the possibilities and technical feasibility of such a novel neutron source in detail. To obtain high brilliance neutron beams, the HBS releases neutrons from tantalum targets that are irradiated by pulsed proton beams with an energy of 70 MeV, a peak current of 100 mA, and an average power of up to 100 kW. Different target stations receive pulses of different pulse lengths and repetition rates, e.g., 24 and 96 Hz, matched to the requirements of the hosted instruments. The neutron spectrum is shifted to the thermal neutron regime by moderator-reflector assemblies, which yield a brightness of 10 13 n cm −2 s −1 sr −1 Å −1 . Each target station (Figure 1) can host up to 12 instruments using individual (cold) moderators and beamlines optimized to efficiently utilize the neutrons provided. A group of instrument scientists and users from Germany and European countries were invited for a series of workshops held between June 9 and June 13, 2022, at the MLZ in Garching to discuss the suite of instruments at the target stations of the future HBS HiCANS facility and their potential performance. The workshops started with an overview of the HBS project’s current status and technical parameters. Each day addressed a specific instrument class: diffractometers, instruments for large-scale structures, spectrometers, as well as imaging and neutron analytics instruments. The first workshop presented various neutron diffractometers as e.g. a time-of-flight engineering diffractometer, a disordered materials diffractometer, a thermal powder
近年来,各种项目都致力于开发强大的加速器驱动中子源,该中子源基于使用大电流质子束的低能核反应。这种基于高电流加速器的中子源(HiCANS)旨在成为下一代中子用户设施,具有高度竞争力的仪器性能,成本效益和易于访问。在Forschungszentrum j lich中子科学中心(JCNS),高亮度中子源(HBS)项目详细探索了这种新型中子源的可能性和技术可行性。为了获得高亮度的中子束,HBS从钽靶中释放中子,这些靶被脉冲质子束照射,脉冲质子束的能量为70兆电子伏,峰值电流为100毫安,平均功率高达100千瓦。不同的目标站接收不同脉冲长度和重复频率的脉冲,例如24和96赫兹,与承载仪器的要求相匹配。中子能谱通过减速反射器组件转移到热中子区,产生10 13 n cm−2 s−1 sr−1 Å−1的亮度。每个目标站(图1)可以容纳多达12台仪器,使用单独的(冷)减速器和优化的光束线,以有效地利用所提供的中子。来自德国和欧洲国家的一组仪器科学家和用户受邀参加了2022年6月9日至6月13日在加兴MLZ举行的一系列研讨会,讨论未来HBS HiCANS设施目标站的整套仪器及其潜在性能。研讨会首先概述了哈佛商学院项目的现状和技术参数。每天讨论一个特定的仪器类别:衍射仪,大型结构仪器,光谱仪,以及成像和中子分析仪器。第一次研讨会介绍了各种中子衍射仪,如飞行时间工程衍射仪、无序材料衍射仪、热粉末衍射仪等
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引用次数: 0
QENS/WINS 2022: The Pandemic Has Not Succeeded in Dampening the Enthusiasm of the Community QENS/WINS 2022:疫情并未浇灭社区的热情
Q4 Physics and Astronomy Pub Date : 2022-09-28 DOI: 10.1080/10448632.2022.2126687
A. Arbe, J. Colmenero
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引用次数: 0
Instrumentation Workshop – Best Instruments for the Future Neutron Facility HBS 仪器研讨会——未来HBS中子设施的最佳仪器
Q4 Physics and Astronomy Pub Date : 2022-08-25 DOI: 10.1080/10448632.2022.2108664
T. Gutberlet, J. Voigt
Neutron News 2 Meeting Report Instrumentation Workshop – Best Instruments for the Future Neutron Facility HBS In recent years various projects work on developing powerful accelerator-driven neutron sources based on low energy nuclear reactions using high current proton beams. Such High Current Accelerator-based Neutron Sources (HiCANS) aim to be the next generation neutron user facilities standing out by highly competitive instrument performance, cost-efficiency, and easy access. At the Jülich Centre for Neutron Science (JCNS) of Forschungszentrum Jülich, the project of a High Brilliance neutron Source (HBS) explores the possibilities and technical feasibility of such a novel neutron source in detail. To obtain high brilliance neutron beams the HBS releases neutrons from tantalum targets that are irradiated by pulsed proton beams with an energy of 70 MeV, a peak current of 100 mA and an average power of up to 100 kW. Different target stations receive pulses of different pulse lengths and repetition rates, e.g. 24 and 96 Hz, matched to the requirements of the hosted instruments. The neutron spectrum is shifted to the thermal neutron regime by moderator-reflector assemblies, which yield a brightness of 10 13
中子新闻2会议报告仪器研讨会-未来中子设施的最佳仪器HBS近年来,各种项目都在开发基于使用高电流质子束的低能核反应的强大加速器驱动中子源。这种基于高电流加速器的中子源(HiCANS)旨在成为下一代中子用户设施,具有高度竞争力的仪器性能,成本效益和易于访问。在Forschungszentrum j lich中子科学中心(JCNS),高亮度中子源(HBS)项目详细探索了这种新型中子源的可能性和技术可行性。为了获得高亮度的中子束,HBS从钽靶中释放中子,这些靶被脉冲质子束照射,脉冲质子束的能量为70兆电子伏,峰值电流为100毫安,平均功率高达100千瓦。不同的目标站接收不同脉冲长度和重复频率的脉冲,例如24和96赫兹,与承载仪器的要求相匹配。中子光谱通过减速-反射器组件转移到热中子区,产生10 - 13的亮度
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引用次数: 0
Control of Costs and Working Time of Road Improvement Kh. Syafi'i 道路改善工程的成本与工期控制。Syafi胡
Q4 Physics and Astronomy Pub Date : 2022-07-31 DOI: 10.29138/neutron.v22i01.176
Suci Fitriyani
This study aims to analyze the optimum time and cost of completing the work after the acceleration of the duration of the KH Road Improvement Project. Syafi'i in Suci Village, Manyar District, Gresik Regency using the Microsfot Project. Acceleration analysis by adding working hours and considering the resulting critical path. This research is also to find out the project performance compared to the initial project plan in terms of cost and time, to find out the estimated final cost of the project needed after the acceleration of implementation.
本研究旨在分析KH道路改善工程工期加快后完成工作的最佳时间和成本。Gresik Regency Manyar区苏奇村的Syafi'i使用微软项目。通过增加工时和考虑产生的关键路径进行加速度分析。本研究也是为了找出项目在成本和时间方面与最初的项目计划相比的绩效,找出项目加速实施后所需的最终成本估计。
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引用次数: 0
Analysis of Drainage System for Overcoming Floods on Untung Jawa Island, South Thousand Islands District, DKI Jakarta 雅加达DKI南千岛区东爪哇岛防洪排水系统分析
Q4 Physics and Astronomy Pub Date : 2022-07-31 DOI: 10.29138/neutron.v22i01.175
Y. Yulian
In general, drainage can be used to reduce excess water, whether from rainwater, seepage, or excess irrigation water from an area, so that the function of the area is not disturbed. This study aims to analyze and examine the drainage problems that exist on Untung Jawa Island, South Seribu Islands District, DKI Jakarta, the drainage channels are poorly maintained and frequent flooding. The data used in this study are primary and secondary data, in planning the calculation of flood discharge a 2-year return period is used. For the calculation of flood discharge, the plan uses a rational method and is added to household flood discharge, and the results will be compared with the existing condition of the drainage channel on Untung Jawa Island, South Thousand Islands District, DKI Jakarta. The results obtained that the largest design flood discharge is 3.277 m3/second on channel A8 and the smallest design flood discharge is 0.094 m3/second on channel C5. for the existing condition of the drainage channel, there are 11 channels that fall into the unsafe category because the condition of the existing channel capacity is less than the planned flood discharge, namely channels A2, A3, A4, A5, A6, A7, A8, A10, B2, B3 and B4. Infiltration wells are planned to accommodate the excess flood discharge, and it takes 19 infiltration wells on channel B4, 13 pieces on channel B3, 9 pieces on channel A8, 6 pieces on channel A2, A3, A6 and B2, 4 pieces on channel A7 , 2 pieces on channel A10, 1 piece on channel A4 and A5.
一般来说,排水可以用来减少多余的水,无论是来自雨水、渗水还是来自一个区域的多余灌溉水,使该区域的功能不受干扰。本研究旨在分析和检视雅加达大阪府南塞里武群岛区东爪哇岛的排水问题,该地区的排水渠道维修不善且经常发生水浸。本研究使用的数据为一次和二次数据,在规划计算洪流量时采用了2年的回复期。对于泄洪量的计算,本方案采用合理的方法,并加入住户泄洪量,将计算结果与雅加达DKI南千岛区Untung Jawa岛泄洪渠道的现状进行比较。结果表明:A8河道设计洪流量最大为3.277 m3/s, C5河道设计洪流量最小为0.094 m3/s。在排水渠道现状中,因现有渠道容量状况小于规划泄洪量而属于不安全的渠道有11个,分别为A2、A3、A4、A5、A6、A7、A8、A10、B2、B3、B4渠道。规划入渗井容纳超额泄洪,其中B4通道入渗井19口,B3通道13口,A8通道9口,A2、A3、A6、B2通道6口,A7通道4口,A10通道2口,A4、A5通道1口。
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引用次数: 0
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