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Analysis of Land Subsidence Using A Combination of Preloading and Prefabricated Vertical Drain Methods 预压与预制垂直排水相结合的地面沉降分析
Q4 Physics and Astronomy Pub Date : 2022-07-31 DOI: 10.29138/neutron.v22i01.172
Rahayu Rahayu, Syafwandi Syafwandi, Aldo Wirastana Adinegara, Agyanata Tua Munth, A. Sumarno
Pertamina Balongan Indramayu's New Construction Jetty & Temporary Access Road Construction Project is the construction of a new jetty (silting prevention pier) located on a loamed land, which consists of dredging work on the area to be built by the jetty, protection of existing pipes, and erection of piles. In the implementation of the jetty construction, there are several reviews that need to be considered, such as soil elastic subsidence and soil consolidation subsidence. The method used for land subsidence is the Preloading method and is combined with the use of PVD to increase the time of decline. The results of this study found an elastic decrease using the Preloading method, a result of 0.7765 meters was obtained due to the presence of a stockpile load and an implementation load of 22.1312 kN/m2 on Elv. ± 1.00 m – STA. 0 + 025 m. Meanwhile, the decrease in consolidation (Sc + Ss) using the Preloading method, obtained a result of 4,949 meters due to the heap load and implementation load of 27,201 kN/m2 on Elv. ± 1.00 m – STA. 0 + 025 m and the length of time it takes to achieve the degree of consolidation of the plan (Uv = 90 %) using the Preloading method obtained results, which is 297 days. When the Preloading method is combined with using the Prefabricated Vertical Drain (PVD) method, the result of the length of time (t) needed to achieve the degree of consolidation of the plan (Uv = 90 %) is 158 days using a quadrilateral pattern installation PVD with a distance of 0.8 meters.
Pertamina Balongan Indramayu的新建筑防波堤和临时通道建设项目是在一个湿地上建造一个新的防波堤(防淤积墩),该项目包括在防波堤建造的区域进行疏浚工作,保护现有管道,以及架设桩基。在实施防波堤施工时,需要考虑土体弹性沉降和土体固结沉降等几个方面的审查。地面沉降采用预压法,并结合PVD法增加沉降时间。研究结果表明,采用预压方法,由于Elv上存在储备荷载和22.1312 kN/m2的实施荷载,弹性减小了0.7765米。±1.00 m - STA。0 + 025米。同时,由于Elv上的堆载和实施荷载为27201 kN/m2,采用预压方法减少固结(Sc + Ss)的结果为4949米。±1.00 m - STA。0 + 025 m和达到计划固结程度所需的时间长度(Uv = 90%)采用预压法获得结果,为297天。当预压法与预制垂直排水(PVD)法相结合时,采用四边形模式安装PVD,距离0.8米,达到计划固结程度(Uv = 90%)所需的时间长度(t)为158天。
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引用次数: 0
Study of Agung Sleman Mosque Minaret Construction Design: Errors and Solutions 阿贡·斯勒曼清真寺尖塔建筑设计的误区与对策研究
Q4 Physics and Astronomy Pub Date : 2022-07-31 DOI: 10.29138/neutron.v22i01.171
Ala Ali Qasem Alraimi, M. I. Setiawan, Adi Prawito
This study helps to solve the problem at the minaret of Agung Mosque which costs about (Rp16.000.000.000), located in Yogyakarta city, Indonesia, Sleman street, where its high sixty seven meters from the ground and it consists of fifty floors, where analyze and prove the safety of the minaret dome, replace the dome, repair the fallen parts from middle floors, and calculate the total cost of replacing the dome and repairing fallen parts of the minaret. This study proved that the existing design reinforcement of the dome is totally safe, estimated the total cost of solving the minaret problems which (Rp2, 281,873,633.54). Where the total costs of replacing the dome were (Rp2, 073,135,813), the total costs of fixing the damaged “fallen” parts of the middle floors were (Rp1, 294,762.24), and the total of the unexpected costs were (Rp207, 443,057.59)
本研究有助于解决阿贡清真寺尖塔的问题,耗资约(Rp16.000.000.000),位于日惹市,印度尼西亚,Sleman街,它的高离地面67米,它由50层组成,在那里分析和证明尖塔圆顶的安全性,更换圆顶,修复中间楼层的掉落部分,并计算更换圆顶和修复尖塔掉落部分的总成本。本研究证明了穹顶现有的设计加固是完全安全的,估计解决尖塔问题的总成本为(Rp2, 281,873,633.54)。其中更换穹顶的总成本为(Rp2, 073,135,813),修复中间楼层受损“坠落”部分的总成本为(Rp1, 294,762.24),意外成本总计为(Rp207, 443,057.59)。
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引用次数: 0
Experimental Study of Utilization Coconut Fiber as Additional Material and Slag as a Cement Substitution Against Compressive Strength and Split Tensile Strength of Concrete 利用椰子纤维作为附加材料和矿渣替代水泥对混凝土抗压强度和劈裂抗拉强度的试验研究
Q4 Physics and Astronomy Pub Date : 2022-07-31 DOI: 10.29138/neutron.v22i01.174
Adlan Rafli Pramudya, A. Sumarno
Development developments have an impact on the building materials industry sector. To reduce CO2 emissions due to soaring productivity of cement, the industry can use Ground Granulated Blast Furnace Slag (GGBFS) as a substitute for cement. This study aims to determine the effect of using GGBFS as a substitute for cement and coconut fiber as an additive on the workability, density, water absorption, compressive strength and split tensile strength of concrete at 3, 7, and 28 days. In this study using the experimental method with a total of 84 samples of cylindrical specimens with a size of 10cm x 20cm. This research was conducted with variations of GGBFS substitution of cement (0%, 35.5%, 43.5%) and coconut fiber as an additive (0.23%, 0.63%).The results of this study indicate that the optimum compressive strength test value at the age of 28 days is at GGBFS (35.5%) and coconut fiber (0.63%) reaches an average compressive strength of 32.32 Mpa. The SU1 variation (24.63 Mpa), SU2 variation (30.20 Mpa), SU3 variation (30.77 Mpa), SU5 variation (28.16 Mpa), SU6 variation (28.31 Mpa). Optimal splitting strength at the age of 28 days, namely the SU4 variation with GGBFS 35.5% and coconut fibers (0.63%) reached an average split tensile strength of 2.23 Mpa.
发展对建筑材料工业部门产生了影响。由于水泥生产效率的提高,为了减少二氧化碳的排放,该行业可以使用矿渣粉(GGBFS)作为水泥的替代品。本研究旨在确定使用GGBFS替代水泥和椰子纤维作为添加剂对混凝土在3,7和28天的和易性、密度、吸水率、抗压强度和劈裂抗拉强度的影响。本研究采用实验方法共选取84个尺寸为10cm × 20cm的圆柱形试样。本研究采用水泥(0%、35.5%、43.5%)和椰子纤维(0.23%、0.63%)替代GGBFS的方法进行。研究结果表明:28日龄时,椰子纤维的最佳抗压强度试验值为GGBFS(35.5%),椰子纤维的平均抗压强度为32.32 Mpa(0.63%)。其中,SU1变化(24.63 Mpa)、SU2变化(30.20 Mpa)、SU3变化(30.77 Mpa)、SU5变化(28.16 Mpa)、SU6变化(28.31 Mpa)。28日龄时的最佳劈裂强度,即以GGBFS为35.5%,椰子纤维为0.63%的SU4变异,平均劈裂强度为2.23 Mpa。
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引用次数: 0
The Effect of Concrete Mixture on Usage Fly Ash and Chicken Egg Shell Powder as Cement Substitutions in Concrete Compressive Strength 粉煤灰和鸡蛋壳粉替代水泥对混凝土抗压强度的影响
Q4 Physics and Astronomy Pub Date : 2022-07-31 DOI: 10.29138/neutron.v22i01.173
Farhan Fatahillah, A. Sumarno
The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of utilizing fly ash and chicken egg shell powder on the compressive strength of concrete, workability, density and water absorption. In this study, testing was carried out with the use of fly ash waste and chicken egg shell powder with variations of 15% fly ash waste and variations of chicken egg shell powder by 10% and 17.5% at the age of 3 days, 7 days, 14 days, and 28 days. for the test objects used measuring with a diameter of 10 cm and a height of 20 cm as many as 36 test samples by making variations of the day as many as 3 samples of test objects. Concrete with a mixture of 15% Fly Ash waste and 10% Egg Shell Powder in test sample 2 obtained a compressive strength at the age of 28 days of 29.45 Mpa. Variation of the Normal Concrete sample got a compressive strength at the age of 28 days of 30.37 MPa. Variation of test sample 3 got a compressive strength at the age of 28 days of 21.16 Mpa.
研究了粉煤灰和鸡蛋壳粉对混凝土抗压强度、和易性、密度和吸水率的影响。本试验分别在3日龄、7日龄、14日龄和28日龄分别使用粉煤灰废物和鸡蛋壳粉进行试验,粉煤灰废物变化量为15%,鸡蛋壳粉变化量为10%和17.5%。对于所使用的测试对象,测量直径为10厘米,高度为20厘米的测试对象多达36个测试样本,通过每天的变化多达3个测试对象样本。试件2中掺有15%粉煤灰废料和10%蛋壳粉的混凝土,龄期28天抗压强度为29.45 Mpa。普通混凝土试样在龄期28天的抗压强度为30.37 MPa。试验样品3的变异在28天龄期抗压强度为21.16 Mpa。
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引用次数: 0
Strikingly different roles of SARS-CoV-2 fusion peptides uncovered by SNR, SANS, QENS, and NSE experiments SNR、SANS、QENS和NSE实验揭示的严重急性呼吸系统综合征冠状病毒2型融合肽的显著不同作用
Q4 Physics and Astronomy Pub Date : 2022-07-03 DOI: 10.1080/10448632.2022.2091400
N. Zaccai, A. Maestro
Due to the COVID-19 pandemic, a thorough understanding of the molecular mechanisms of cellular infection by coronaviruses has become imperative. SARS-CoV-2 is from a family of single-stranded positive sense RNA viruses named β-coronaviruses. SARS-CoV-2 and other β-coronaviruses can cause severe respiratory dis-ease and are highly contagious. Despite this, a critical understanding of the mechanisms of cellular infection by coronaviruses has been lacking. A critical stage in cell entry by the SARS-CoV-2 virus occurs when its Spike protein mediates fusion between viral and host membranes (Figure 1). We have therefore recreated important elements of the membrane fusion mechanism by simpli-fying the system down to its core elements, amenable to experimental analysis by neutron scattering at the ILL. Structural information from Specular Neutron Reflectometry and Small Angle Neutron Scattering were com-plemented by dynamics information from Quasi-Elastic and Spin-Echo neutron scattering, accessing membrane fluidity and rigidity. Importantly, neutrons are particu-larly well suited for the study of soft and biological matter since they allow measurements with better than nanometer resolution and at energies corresponding to thermal fluctuations. They are non-destructive and highly penetrating, thus allowing work in physiological condi-tions. Furthermore, as neutrons interact very differently with hydrogen ( 1 H) and deuterium ( 2 H), it is possible through isotopic substitution, to observe hydrogen atoms and water molecules in biological samples, and therefore highlight structural and chemical differences in
由于新冠肺炎大流行,深入了解冠状病毒细胞感染的分子机制已成为当务之急。严重急性呼吸系统综合征冠状病毒2型来自一个名为β冠状病毒的单链正义RNA病毒家族。严重急性呼吸系统综合征冠状病毒2型和其他β-冠状病毒可导致严重的呼吸道疾病,并具有高度传染性。尽管如此,对冠状病毒感染细胞的机制仍缺乏批判性的理解。严重急性呼吸系统综合征冠状病毒2型病毒进入细胞的关键阶段发生在其刺突蛋白介导病毒和宿主膜之间的融合时(图1)。因此,我们通过将系统简化为核心元件,重新创建了膜聚变机制的重要元件,可通过ILL的中子散射进行实验分析。来自镜面中子反射测量和小角度中子散射的结构信息由来自准弹性和自旋回波中子散射的动力学信息实现,获得膜的流动性和刚性。重要的是,中子特别适合研究软物质和生物物质,因为它们可以以比纳米更好的分辨率和与热波动相对应的能量进行测量。它们具有非破坏性和高度穿透性,因此可以在生理条件下工作。此外,由于中子与氢(1H)和氘(2H)的相互作用非常不同,因此可以通过同位素取代来观察生物样品中的氢原子和水分子,从而突出
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引用次数: 0
Wolfgang Götze (1936–2021) Wolfgang Götze(1936–2021)
Q4 Physics and Astronomy Pub Date : 2022-07-03 DOI: 10.1080/10448632.2022.2093088
Joachim Wuttke
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引用次数: 0
John R. D. Copley (1944–2022) 约翰·科普利(1944–2022)
Q4 Physics and Astronomy Pub Date : 2022-07-03 DOI: 10.1080/10448632.2022.2093087
V. García Sakai, D. Neumann
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引用次数: 0
“No cost” way to improve neutron scattering resolution by 500 percent 将中子散射分辨率提高500%的“无成本”方法
Q4 Physics and Astronomy Pub Date : 2022-07-03 DOI: 10.1080/10448632.2022.2091388
P. Boisvert
Scientists pushing the limits of the world’s most advanced neutron scattering instruments know that a small amount of distortion in their measurements is inevitable. For some experiments, this distortion is easily accounted for, but in other types of research, it can cause inaccurate findings. Why does a small amount of distortion matter? It’s similar to when a detective lifts a fingerprint from a glass of water. The curvature of the glass distorts the fingerprint slightly, making it difficult to match the print to a suspect’s fingerprint on file. In such a case, it would be helpful if there was a way to remove the distortion from the fingerprint found on the glass. Something like this occurred when scientists from Oak Ridge National Laboratory (ORNL) used the worldclass SEQUOIA neutron scattering spectrometer at ORNL’s Spallation Neutron Source (SNS). The researchers were measuring spin wave dispersions from a magnetic crystalline material. They discovered that the data (the fingerprint) obtained from SEQUOIA (the glass) was slightly distorted by the resolution limits of the instrument, despite its state-of-the-art design. To resolve the issue, the researchers developed a new computational technique that improved SEQUOIA’s effective resolution by 500% in order to match the data to known spin wave dispersion values. Plus, this solution comes at virtually no cost since it requires no additional hardware and uses open source software. The results of their efforts, titled, “A super-resolution technique to analyze single-crystal inelastic neutron scattering measurements using direct-geometry chopper spectrometers”, were published in the AIP journal Review of Scientific Instruments [1]. “We predicted that if we could measure the amount of distortion inherent in SEQUOIA’s data collection, we could then apply a correction that would increase the instrument’s effective resolution,” said Jiao Lin, lead instrument development scientist for the CUPI 2 D instrument at the Second Target Station (STS) [2]. “It’s similar to how eye doctors evaluate your eyesight and then prescribe corrective eyeglasses or contact lenses to compensate for the distortion in your vision.” Unlike eye doctors who only test in three dimensions, the scientists needed to measure SEQUOIA’s distortion over four dimensions. This made the task many times more challenging. Fortunately, the researchers had access to ORNL’s MCViNE open source software, which can be used to emulate neutron experiments for spin waves measured by neutron instruments like SEQUOIA. The team believed they could apply the software in a different way to obtain 4D measurements of the distortion. “To simplify the 4D measurements, we used MCViNE software to make 2D measurements along two axes at a time. We did that for both the distorted experimental image and the high-resolution idealized model we developed,” said Matt Stone, lead SEQUOIA instrument scientist at the SNS. “We then repeated the 2D measurements along many
突破世界上最先进的中子散射仪器极限的科学家们知道,他们的测量中不可避免地会出现少量失真。对于一些实验来说,这种扭曲很容易被解释,但在其他类型的研究中,它可能会导致不准确的发现。为什么少量失真很重要?这就像侦探从一杯水中提取指纹一样。玻璃的曲率会使指纹轻微失真,使指纹很难与文件中嫌疑人的指纹相匹配。在这种情况下,如果有一种方法可以消除玻璃上指纹的失真,那将是有帮助的。当橡树岭国家实验室(ORNL)的科学家在ORNL的散裂中子源(SNS)使用世界级的SEQUOIA中子散射光谱仪时,就发生了这样的事情。研究人员正在测量磁性晶体材料的自旋波色散。他们发现,尽管仪器的设计是最先进的,但从SEQUOIA(玻璃)获得的数据(指纹)因仪器的分辨率限制而略有失真。为了解决这个问题,研究人员开发了一种新的计算技术,将SEUOIA的有效分辨率提高了500%,以便将数据与已知的自旋波色散值相匹配。此外,此解决方案几乎不需要任何成本,因为它不需要额外的硬件,并且使用开源软件。他们的研究成果题为“使用直接几何斩波光谱仪分析单晶非弹性中子散射测量的超分辨率技术”,发表在AIP杂志《科学仪器评论》[1]上。“我们预测,如果我们能够测量SEUOIA数据收集中固有的失真量,那么我们就可以应用一种校正方法来提高仪器的有效分辨率,”第二目标站CUPI 2D仪器的首席仪器开发科学家焦林说[2]。“这类似于眼科医生评估你的视力,然后开矫正眼镜或隐形眼镜来补偿你视力的扭曲。”与只进行三维测试的眼科医生不同,科学家们需要测量SEUOIA在四个维度上的扭曲。这使这项任务变得更具挑战性。幸运的是,研究人员可以访问ORNL的MCViNE开源软件,该软件可以用来模拟由SEQUOIA等中子仪器测量的自旋波的中子实验。该团队相信,他们可以用不同的方式应用该软件来获得失真的4D测量结果。“为了简化4D测量,我们使用MCViNE软件一次沿着两个轴进行2D测量。我们对失真的实验图像和我们开发的高分辨率理想化模型都进行了测量,”SNS的SEQUEIA仪器首席科学家Matt Stone说。“然后,我们沿着许多其他轴重复2D测量,并对结果进行插值,以近似4D模型。通过这种方式,我们能够测量实际图像和模型之间的差异。”该团队采用了一种计算立体视觉技术,该技术可与3D眼镜在电影中创造深度错觉的方式相媲美。他们可以一次一个切片地可视化沿着模型各个轴的失真,并补偿原始测量中的失真。超分辨率技术实现了比以前方法高出5倍的分辨率。STS CHESS波束线的首席仪器科学家Gabriele Sala说:“一旦我们确定了数据与理想化模型之间的失真量和位置,我们就能够对数据进行校正。”。“然后,我们使用校正后的数据集生成了一个更准确的自旋波色散,该色散与一个已知的可能模型相匹配。”研究人员相信,同样的超分辨率方法也可以应用于-
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引用次数: 0
Dynamics of phase transitions in YVO3 investigated via inelastic neutron scattering and first-principles calculations 用非弹性中子散射和第一性原理计算研究YVO3相变动力学
Q4 Physics and Astronomy Pub Date : 2022-07-03 DOI: 10.1080/10448632.2022.2091401
Y. Tao, D. Abernathy, Tianran Chen, T. Yildirim, Jiaqiang Yan, Jianshi Zhou, J. Goodenough, D. Louca
Strong correlated system includes a wide class of materials that exhibit unusual electronic and magnetic properties, such as high-temperature superconductivity in copper oxides [1] and colossal magneto-resistivity in manganites [2]. YVO 3 is one such material that has at-tracted much attention due to the intricate coupling between spin, lattice, and orbital degrees of freedom. As the transition-metal ion V 3+ sits in an octahedral oxygen cage forming a perovskite structure, the correlation effects can lead to Jahn-Teller (JT) distortions, orbital ordering, charge and spin stripe formation, polaron localization, and phase separation. the and lattice dynamics in YVO 3 across its many structural and phase transitions and magnon changes 3 , information di-rect observation of the spin-waves and phonons in YVO 3
强相关系统包括一系列表现出不同寻常的电子和磁性的材料,如铜氧化物中的高温超导性[1]和锰酸盐中的巨磁阻[2]。YVO3就是这样一种材料,由于自旋、晶格和轨道自由度之间的复杂耦合而备受关注。当过渡金属离子V3+位于八面体氧笼中形成钙钛矿结构时,相关效应可导致Jahn-Teller(JT)畸变、轨道有序、电荷和自旋条纹形成、极化子局域化和相分离。YVO3在其许多结构和相变以及磁振子变化过程中的和晶格动力学3,YVO3中自旋波和声子的信息直接观测
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引用次数: 1
Virtual School on Neutron Spectroscopy and Diffraction Held by NIST NIST中子光谱学与衍射虚拟学校
Q4 Physics and Astronomy Pub Date : 2022-07-03 DOI: 10.1080/10448632.2022.2091385
J. Dura, K. Weigandt, Rebecca Ogg
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引用次数: 0
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Neutron News
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