Pub Date : 2023-01-01DOI: 10.22488/okstate.23.100232
N. Wilson, Lewis Archer, Ryan Guthridge, Jeremy Roesler, Michael Lents
Electric-powered aircraft have entered the market. The arrival of the Pipistrel Velis Electro and other developmental efforts by companies such as Bye Aerospace, Piper, and eViation, have signaled to the aviation community that more electric-powered aircraft can be expected in the coming years. But how useful are they for training pilots in a Federal Aviation Administration (FAA) approved Part 141 collegiate aviation environment? To identify candidate flight courses and lessons, the authors examine flight hour distributions of a one-year window of invoiced flights (N = 52,728), including flight hour data cut-points at 60 minutes (n = 6,050) and 90 minutes (n = 25,439). The data distribution suggests that approximately 11.5% of the candidate flights would fall within a 60-minute expected flight duration, whereas 48% of flights would fall within a 90-minute flight duration. These calculations provide realistic targets for designed minimum flight duration (plus the inclusion of required FAA reserve) in order to be determined a feasible trainer in many high-volume FAA Part 141 training environments. Detailed course-level analysis suggests the Instrument Flight Instructor (CFII) flight course as a potential launch point for electric flight due to the relatively lower flight hour per lesson. In addition to minimum flight duration, other feasibility questions are included in this analysis, such as regulatory requirements, battery duration, aircraft turnaround time, multiple charge-discharge cycles per day, environmental factors, airport charging infrastructure, and maintenance factors. Additional research will benefit this developing area of electric aircraft in flight training environments.
{"title":"Technical and Regulatory Factors of Adopting Electric Training Aircraft in a Collegiate Aviation Setting","authors":"N. Wilson, Lewis Archer, Ryan Guthridge, Jeremy Roesler, Michael Lents","doi":"10.22488/okstate.23.100232","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.22488/okstate.23.100232","url":null,"abstract":"Electric-powered aircraft have entered the market. The arrival of the Pipistrel Velis Electro and other developmental efforts by companies such as Bye Aerospace, Piper, and eViation, have signaled to the aviation community that more electric-powered aircraft can be expected in the coming years. But how useful are they for training pilots in a Federal Aviation Administration (FAA) approved Part 141 collegiate aviation environment? To identify candidate flight courses and lessons, the authors examine flight hour distributions of a one-year window of invoiced flights (N = 52,728), including flight hour data cut-points at 60 minutes (n = 6,050) and 90 minutes (n = 25,439). The data distribution suggests that approximately 11.5% of the candidate flights would fall within a 60-minute expected flight duration, whereas 48% of flights would fall within a 90-minute flight duration. These calculations provide realistic targets for designed minimum flight duration (plus the inclusion of required FAA reserve) in order to be determined a feasible trainer in many high-volume FAA Part 141 training environments. Detailed course-level analysis suggests the Instrument Flight Instructor (CFII) flight course as a potential launch point for electric flight due to the relatively lower flight hour per lesson. In addition to minimum flight duration, other feasibility questions are included in this analysis, such as regulatory requirements, battery duration, aircraft turnaround time, multiple charge-discharge cycles per day, environmental factors, airport charging infrastructure, and maintenance factors. Additional research will benefit this developing area of electric aircraft in flight training environments.","PeriodicalId":39089,"journal":{"name":"Collegiate Aviation Review","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"68761376","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-01-01DOI: 10.22488/okstate.23.100228
Trevor Simoneau
Ownership and control of airspace has long been a controversial, confusing, and difficult area of study within aviation law. Throughout the twentieth century, there was copious debate surrounding the rights of property owners and the authority of aviation regulatory agencies to govern airspace. The invention of the airplane and a burgeoning concern about aerial trespass vigorously fueled that debate. In the contemporary context, airspace ownership questions center primarily on debates over low-altitude airspace and subsequent legal remedies available for improper use, illegal entrance, or unwanted occupation of that airspace. This review examines the history of airspace ownership controversies in the United States through an analysis of legal cases, scholarly debates, academic journal articles
{"title":"Airspace Ownership Controversies in the United States: A Concise History","authors":"Trevor Simoneau","doi":"10.22488/okstate.23.100228","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.22488/okstate.23.100228","url":null,"abstract":"Ownership and control of airspace has long been a controversial, confusing, and difficult area of study within aviation law. Throughout the twentieth century, there was copious debate surrounding the rights of property owners and the authority of aviation regulatory agencies to govern airspace. The invention of the airplane and a burgeoning concern about aerial trespass vigorously fueled that debate. In the contemporary context, airspace ownership questions center primarily on debates over low-altitude airspace and subsequent legal remedies available for improper use, illegal entrance, or unwanted occupation of that airspace. This review examines the history of airspace ownership controversies in the United States through an analysis of legal cases, scholarly debates, academic journal articles","PeriodicalId":39089,"journal":{"name":"Collegiate Aviation Review","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"68761229","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-01-01DOI: 10.22488/okstate.23.100231
Pratik Jadhav, Damon J. Lercel, Sarah Hubbard, S. Schreckengast
Safety Management Systems (SMS) in the aviation industry are an increasingly important aspect of identifying hazards and managing the associated risks. While SMS has become commonplace and is often a regulatory requirement for air carriers, it remains voluntary for many other aviation service providers, such as airports. Over the past decade, commercial Unmanned Aircraft System (UAS) operations near airports have significantly increased along with the development of Advanced Air Mobility operations. Airports face new and emerging safety challenges. However, safety is a precursor for public acceptance and proliferation of these next-generation aviation technologies. Safety practitioners consider SMS a key enabler in ensuring the safety of the National Airspace System and may assist airports in addressing these emerging hazards and risks. This research explored the current state of SMS at airports and their incorporation of UAS hazards and risks. This research utilized a mix of quantitative and qualitative methods, which included an extensive literature review and a survey of airport stakeholders. Research results suggest a need for further development and adoption of SMS at airports, including further maturation of UAS safety practices along with education and training. This study may assist airport stakeholders and regulators with further developing robust safety and risk management practices that support the safety of the next generation of aviation operations.
{"title":"Exploring the State of SMS Implementation at Airports","authors":"Pratik Jadhav, Damon J. Lercel, Sarah Hubbard, S. Schreckengast","doi":"10.22488/okstate.23.100231","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.22488/okstate.23.100231","url":null,"abstract":"Safety Management Systems (SMS) in the aviation industry are an increasingly important aspect of identifying hazards and managing the associated risks. While SMS has become commonplace and is often a regulatory requirement for air carriers, it remains voluntary for many other aviation service providers, such as airports. Over the past decade, commercial Unmanned Aircraft System (UAS) operations near airports have significantly increased along with the development of Advanced Air Mobility operations. Airports face new and emerging safety challenges. However, safety is a precursor for public acceptance and proliferation of these next-generation aviation technologies. Safety practitioners consider SMS a key enabler in ensuring the safety of the National Airspace System and may assist airports in addressing these emerging hazards and risks. This research explored the current state of SMS at airports and their incorporation of UAS hazards and risks. This research utilized a mix of quantitative and qualitative methods, which included an extensive literature review and a survey of airport stakeholders. Research results suggest a need for further development and adoption of SMS at airports, including further maturation of UAS safety practices along with education and training. This study may assist airport stakeholders and regulators with further developing robust safety and risk management practices that support the safety of the next generation of aviation operations.","PeriodicalId":39089,"journal":{"name":"Collegiate Aviation Review","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"68761358","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-01-01DOI: 10.22488/okstate.23.100230
R. Harper, T. Bliss
{"title":"Identification, Evaluation, and Causal Factor Determination of Maintenance Errors Common to Major U.S. Certificated Air Carriers","authors":"R. Harper, T. Bliss","doi":"10.22488/okstate.23.100230","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.22488/okstate.23.100230","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":39089,"journal":{"name":"Collegiate Aviation Review","volume":"113 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"68761313","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-01-01DOI: 10.22488/okstate.23.100236
Nate Callender
A pilot’s awareness of an airplane’s power-off glide performance is critical for successfully responding to an engine failure in flight. Pilot’s operating handbooks (POH) and airplane flight manuals (AFM) provide the minimum required glide information; however, there is more information that can better equip pilots to extract the maximum glide performance from an airplane. Information about the effect of weight changes on the glide is available but does not seem to be common knowledge among pilots. Information concerning optimum bank angles to use in gliding turns is much less available and seems completely unknown to pilots. This paper provides guidance to pilots for applying weight correction to the best glide speed. It also presents a methodology for determining the optimum bank angle in power-off glides that require a gliding turn to a safe landing location. The results of the study include the optimum gliding bank angles for airplanes with varying glide ratios (GR) along with rules of thumb for determining the optimum bank angle in flight. The findings of this research can be utilized to supplement 1) the glide performance information used and presented by digital avionics, 2) the glide information contained in POHs and AFMs, and 3) flight training for power-off glides with or without turns to safe landing locations, all with the goal of providing pilots with more tools to land safely at a suitable location in the event of an engine failure.
{"title":"Pilot's Guide to Maximum Glide Performance: Optimum Bank Angles in Gliding Turns","authors":"Nate Callender","doi":"10.22488/okstate.23.100236","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.22488/okstate.23.100236","url":null,"abstract":"A pilot’s awareness of an airplane’s power-off glide performance is critical for successfully responding to an engine failure in flight. Pilot’s operating handbooks (POH) and airplane flight manuals (AFM) provide the minimum required glide information; however, there is more information that can better equip pilots to extract the maximum glide performance from an airplane. Information about the effect of weight changes on the glide is available but does not seem to be common knowledge among pilots. Information concerning optimum bank angles to use in gliding turns is much less available and seems completely unknown to pilots. This paper provides guidance to pilots for applying weight correction to the best glide speed. It also presents a methodology for determining the optimum bank angle in power-off glides that require a gliding turn to a safe landing location. The results of the study include the optimum gliding bank angles for airplanes with varying glide ratios (GR) along with rules of thumb for determining the optimum bank angle in flight. The findings of this research can be utilized to supplement 1) the glide performance information used and presented by digital avionics, 2) the glide information contained in POHs and AFMs, and 3) flight training for power-off glides with or without turns to safe landing locations, all with the goal of providing pilots with more tools to land safely at a suitable location in the event of an engine failure.","PeriodicalId":39089,"journal":{"name":"Collegiate Aviation Review","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"68761475","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-01-01DOI: 10.22488/okstate.23.100235
Kurt Reesman, James Birdsong
This study investigated the gender and generational learning preferences of pilots and non-pilots and the gender and generational differences among the pilots surveyed. The Felder and Soloman Index of Learning Styles questionnaire measured individual learning styles on four continuums: Active-Reflective, Sensing-Intuitive, Visual-Verbal, and Sequential-Global. Survey data indicate a statistically significant difference in learning styles of non-pilots and pilots, males and females, and different generations of pilots. Among all participants, pilots scored higher than non-pilots on the Sensing and Visual scales, and males scored higher on the Visual aspect of that scale. Generation variation occurred between Generation X and Y, where Generation Y favored the Sensing learning style more than Generation X. Among pilots, males scored higher than females on the Visual preference, and Generation Y and Z preferred the Sensing learning style. Generation Z favored the Sequential learning style more than Generation X. Curriculum design, instructional methodologies, and technologies selected to deliver course content should focus on active, sensing, visual, and sequential learning styles while balancing the other styles in the design to produce learners who can thrive in any educational setting.
{"title":"Do Different Learning Style Inventories Report Similar Findings Among Pilots?","authors":"Kurt Reesman, James Birdsong","doi":"10.22488/okstate.23.100235","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.22488/okstate.23.100235","url":null,"abstract":"This study investigated the gender and generational learning preferences of pilots and non-pilots and the gender and generational differences among the pilots surveyed. The Felder and Soloman Index of Learning Styles questionnaire measured individual learning styles on four continuums: Active-Reflective, Sensing-Intuitive, Visual-Verbal, and Sequential-Global. Survey data indicate a statistically significant difference in learning styles of non-pilots and pilots, males and females, and different generations of pilots. Among all participants, pilots scored higher than non-pilots on the Sensing and Visual scales, and males scored higher on the Visual aspect of that scale. Generation variation occurred between Generation X and Y, where Generation Y favored the Sensing learning style more than Generation X. Among pilots, males scored higher than females on the Visual preference, and Generation Y and Z preferred the Sensing learning style. Generation Z favored the Sequential learning style more than Generation X. Curriculum design, instructional methodologies, and technologies selected to deliver course content should focus on active, sensing, visual, and sequential learning styles while balancing the other styles in the design to produce learners who can thrive in any educational setting.","PeriodicalId":39089,"journal":{"name":"Collegiate Aviation Review","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"68761192","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-01-01DOI: 10.22488/okstate.23.100234
Ryan Guthridge
Flight training is often conducted as a two-part model, where a student completes an academic ground course to learn the knowledge and also enrolls in a flight laboratory course to apply the knowledge and skills required to earn a new certificate or rating. Often, these two parts are offered as separate courses to provide flexibility to students in the training environment. The intent is that the ground course and flight laboratory are conducted concurrently so the students apply knowledge from the ground course during their flight training. However, external factors may delay the flight training progress in the laboratory environment, causing the student to disconnect their flight training and ground course into a nonconcurrent status. This study aims to assess the impact of concurrent versus nonconcurrent flight lab enrollment on the academic outcomes of collegiate aviation students in the classroom. The study will determine whether a student conducting flight training in their current course of study (concurrent training) performs significantly better academically than a student conducting training in a previous flight lab in their current course of study (nonconcurrent training). Quantitative data was collected in the form of academic scores on classroom block exams to evaluate the impact of students in concurrent versus nonconcurrent training environments. A series of independent sample t-tests were used to find consistent evidence that students in a concurrent flight laboratory perform better on block exams in their academic ground course than students enrolled in a nonconcurrent flight laboratory. The results of this research will be used to inform educational practices within flight training departments and will assist in providing clarity to external parties interested in evaluating the impact of students completing a lab course that is nonconcurrent to their current ground course of study.
{"title":"Evaluating the Impact of Nonconcurrent Flight Laboratory and Ground Course Progress on the Academic Outcomes of Collegiate Aviation Students","authors":"Ryan Guthridge","doi":"10.22488/okstate.23.100234","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.22488/okstate.23.100234","url":null,"abstract":"Flight training is often conducted as a two-part model, where a student completes an academic ground course to learn the knowledge and also enrolls in a flight laboratory course to apply the knowledge and skills required to earn a new certificate or rating. Often, these two parts are offered as separate courses to provide flexibility to students in the training environment. The intent is that the ground course and flight laboratory are conducted concurrently so the students apply knowledge from the ground course during their flight training. However, external factors may delay the flight training progress in the laboratory environment, causing the student to disconnect their flight training and ground course into a nonconcurrent status. This study aims to assess the impact of concurrent versus nonconcurrent flight lab enrollment on the academic outcomes of collegiate aviation students in the classroom. The study will determine whether a student conducting flight training in their current course of study (concurrent training) performs significantly better academically than a student conducting training in a previous flight lab in their current course of study (nonconcurrent training). Quantitative data was collected in the form of academic scores on classroom block exams to evaluate the impact of students in concurrent versus nonconcurrent training environments. A series of independent sample t-tests were used to find consistent evidence that students in a concurrent flight laboratory perform better on block exams in their academic ground course than students enrolled in a nonconcurrent flight laboratory. The results of this research will be used to inform educational practices within flight training departments and will assist in providing clarity to external parties interested in evaluating the impact of students completing a lab course that is nonconcurrent to their current ground course of study.","PeriodicalId":39089,"journal":{"name":"Collegiate Aviation Review","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"68761492","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-01-01DOI: 10.22488/okstate.23.100233
Lauren Pitts, E. Faulconer
The disclosure of a new or existing mental health condition in a pilot complicates their medical certification status. It has been proposed that the threat of losing medical certification often discourages pilots from seeking treatment for mental health issues or disclosing such information to aeromedical professionals, contributing to a barrier to seeking healthcare that affects pilots of all certification levels. The current study focused on the nondisclosure and healthcare-seeking behaviors of the collegiate pilot population (N = 2,452) at a large, accredited, private institution that offers flight training in accordance with Pilot Schools (2022). Data collected from our anonymous online survey over the course of 30 days found that 56.6% of a sub-sample (n = 232) of collegiate pilots met the criteria for some degree of depression, and 13.8% reported the prevalence of self-injurious or suicidal ideation within the past two weeks. Additionally, 67.7% of the sample (N = 256) expressed concern about seeking care for mental health issues because of potential effects on their medical certification, while 29.3% admitted to withholding mental health information from aeromedical professionals out of concern for their medical certification. The current study found that the same barrier to healthcare present in the airline pilot and military populations is also present in the collegiate pilot population. While previous research has focused on healthcare aversion and nondisclosure in airline, commercial, and military pilot populations, these findings focus on collegiate pilots, a population not accounted for in existing studies. Further studies are necessary to explore additional factors contributing to the pilot healthcare barrier and nondisclosure in aeromedical settings.
{"title":"Flying Under the Radar: A Survey of Collegiate Pilots’ Mental Health to Identify Aeromedical Nondisclosure and Healthcare-Seeking Behaviors","authors":"Lauren Pitts, E. Faulconer","doi":"10.22488/okstate.23.100233","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.22488/okstate.23.100233","url":null,"abstract":"The disclosure of a new or existing mental health condition in a pilot complicates their medical certification status. It has been proposed that the threat of losing medical certification often discourages pilots from seeking treatment for mental health issues or disclosing such information to aeromedical professionals, contributing to a barrier to seeking healthcare that affects pilots of all certification levels. The current study focused on the nondisclosure and healthcare-seeking behaviors of the collegiate pilot population (N = 2,452) at a large, accredited, private institution that offers flight training in accordance with Pilot Schools (2022). Data collected from our anonymous online survey over the course of 30 days found that 56.6% of a sub-sample (n = 232) of collegiate pilots met the criteria for some degree of depression, and 13.8% reported the prevalence of self-injurious or suicidal ideation within the past two weeks. Additionally, 67.7% of the sample (N = 256) expressed concern about seeking care for mental health issues because of potential effects on their medical certification, while 29.3% admitted to withholding mental health information from aeromedical professionals out of concern for their medical certification. The current study found that the same barrier to healthcare present in the airline pilot and military populations is also present in the collegiate pilot population. While previous research has focused on healthcare aversion and nondisclosure in airline, commercial, and military pilot populations, these findings focus on collegiate pilots, a population not accounted for in existing studies. Further studies are necessary to explore additional factors contributing to the pilot healthcare barrier and nondisclosure in aeromedical settings.","PeriodicalId":39089,"journal":{"name":"Collegiate Aviation Review","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"68761439","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-01-01DOI: 10.22488/okstate.23.100237
Nurul Aishah Khairuddin, T. Sarmidi, Mohd Rizal Palil, Norlin Khalid
Aviation sanctions have emerged as a pivotal concern for the sustainability of the aviation industry. Although extensive research has been done on the economic impact of aviation sanctions, there is a noticeable gap in the literature regarding the factors that precipitate such sanctions. Consequently, this study represents a significant contribution to aviation sector research by elucidating the key factors leading to sanctions. The research adheres to the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) review method, ensuring a rigorous and systematic approach. In this study, a meticulous selection process was employed, utilizing prominent databases such as Scopus and Web of Science, alongside supplementary databases including Science Direct and SAGE. Through a systematic analysis of these databases, a total of 21 relevant studies were identified. The review's findings revealed five overarching themes: safety, environment, terrorist attacks, political conflicts
航空制裁已成为航空业可持续发展的关键问题。虽然对航空制裁的经济影响进行了广泛的研究，但是关于促成这种制裁的因素的文献中有明显的空白。因此，这项研究通过阐明导致制裁的关键因素，对航空部门的研究作出了重大贡献。本研究遵循系统评价和荟萃分析的首选报告项目(PRISMA)审查方法，确保了严格和系统的方法。在这项研究中，采用了一个细致的选择过程，利用了著名的数据库，如Scopus和Web of Science，以及补充数据库，如Science Direct和SAGE。通过对这些数据库的系统分析，共确定了21项相关研究。审查结果揭示了五个主要主题:安全、环境、恐怖袭击、政治冲突
{"title":"What Causes Aviation Sanctions? A Systematic Review","authors":"Nurul Aishah Khairuddin, T. Sarmidi, Mohd Rizal Palil, Norlin Khalid","doi":"10.22488/okstate.23.100237","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.22488/okstate.23.100237","url":null,"abstract":"Aviation sanctions have emerged as a pivotal concern for the sustainability of the aviation industry. Although extensive research has been done on the economic impact of aviation sanctions, there is a noticeable gap in the literature regarding the factors that precipitate such sanctions. Consequently, this study represents a significant contribution to aviation sector research by elucidating the key factors leading to sanctions. The research adheres to the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) review method, ensuring a rigorous and systematic approach. In this study, a meticulous selection process was employed, utilizing prominent databases such as Scopus and Web of Science, alongside supplementary databases including Science Direct and SAGE. Through a systematic analysis of these databases, a total of 21 relevant studies were identified. The review's findings revealed five overarching themes: safety, environment, terrorist attacks, political conflicts","PeriodicalId":39089,"journal":{"name":"Collegiate Aviation Review","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"68761681","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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