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Purchase Price Control in High-Tech Product Markets under Competition of Suppliers with Multi-Channel Production Capacities 多渠道生产能力供应商竞争下高科技产品市场的采购价格控制
Q3 Engineering Pub Date : 2021-03-31 DOI: 10.25728/ASSA.2021.21.1.918
I. Selezneva
The strategic control of the purchase price for high-tech products and market competition is considered. For this purpose, a new bilateral oligopoly market model is proposed. The new model allows determining the purchase prices for high-tech products under the competition of suppliers with flexible production capacities. Parametric calculations of the purchase prices, the number of competing suppliers and their production capacities are performed depending on the unit price offered by the monopsonist customer. The purchase prices offered by the customers to guarantee the competitiveness of the market are determined. The customers’ optimal pricing policy that will reduce the purchasing costs and/or ensure the existence of competing suppliers in the long run is identified. A possible price reduction for high-tech products when applying this policy is calculated. The ranges of some characteristic market parameters (the capital-output ratio, the rates of order execution and order flow, and the number of potential order sources) for which this policy is efficient are determined.
考虑了高科技产品采购价格的战略控制和市场竞争。为此,提出了一种新的双边寡头垄断市场模型。新模式允许在具有灵活生产能力的供应商的竞争下确定高科技产品的采购价格。采购价格、竞争供应商数量及其生产能力的参数计算取决于单声道客户提供的单价。确定了客户为保证市场竞争力而提供的购买价格。确定了客户的最佳定价政策,从长远来看,该政策将降低采购成本和/或确保竞争供应商的存在。计算了在实施该政策时高科技产品可能的降价幅度。确定了该政策有效的一些特征市场参数的范围(资本产出率、订单执行率和订单流量以及潜在订单来源的数量)。
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引用次数: 0
Improving DCP Haze Removal Scheme by Parameter Setting and Adaptive Gamma Correction 通过参数设置和自适应伽玛校正改进DCP去雾方案
Q3 Engineering Pub Date : 2021-03-31 DOI: 10.25728/ASSA.2021.21.1.1047
C. Hsieh, Yi-Hung Chang
Recently, single-image haze removal based on the dark channel prior (DCP), originally proposed by He et. al., has attracted much attention in the image restoration community. This dehazing algorithm, called the DCP scheme here, is well-known to have four main problems in its dehazed images: artifacts, hue distortion, color over-saturation, and halos. In this paper, an improved DCP (IDCP) is proposed to deal with the four aforementioned problems, by setting the model parameters, i.e. scaling factors and window size and smoothing factor of a guided image filter in the DCP scheme. Note that a dehazed image is generally dim and low in contrast. An adaptive gamma correction (AGC) is introduced for dehazed image enhancement. The proposed IDCP and AGC are used to create the IDCP/AGC scheme, in which the IDCP scheme performs haze removal and the AGC enhances the dehazed image. The IDCP/AGC scheme was justified through extensive experiments and compared with the DCP scheme, an optimization-based scheme, and two learning-based schemes on two datasets. The results indicated that the proposed scheme is subjectively and objectively superior to the comparison schemes.
近年来,由He等人提出的基于暗通道先验(dark channel prior, DCP)的单幅图像去雾技术在图像恢复界备受关注。这种去雾算法,在这里被称为DCP方案,众所周知,在去雾图像中有四个主要问题:伪影、色调失真、颜色过饱和度和光晕。本文提出了一种改进的DCP (IDCP)方案,通过设置DCP方案中引导图像滤波器的缩放因子、窗口大小和平滑因子等模型参数来解决上述四个问题。注意,去雾的图像通常是暗淡的,对比度低。引入了一种自适应伽玛校正(AGC)来增强去雾图像。利用所提出的IDCP和AGC建立IDCP/AGC方案,其中IDCP方案进行雾霾去除,AGC增强去雾后的图像。通过大量的实验验证了IDCP/AGC方案,并在两个数据集上与DCP方案、基于优化的方案和两种基于学习的方案进行了比较。结果表明,该方案主观上和客观上都优于比较方案。
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引用次数: 3
Convolution neural network based covid-19 screening model 基于卷积神经网络的covid-19筛查模型
Q3 Engineering Pub Date : 2021-01-01 DOI: 10.25728/assa.2021.21.3.1100
Ashish Nainwal, G. K. Malik, A. Jangra
Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) is a high death rate respiratory condition that requires easy-to-reach markers for prediction. The electrocardiograph (ECG) alterations that may occur after COVID-19 hospitalization have not been fully studied yet. COVID-19 also affects heart function, which can be seen on an ECG. As a result, ECG can be used to detect virus-infected individuals. The database consists of ECG images. In this scenario, a convolution neural network (CNN) is utilized to classify COVID-19 ECG. The model is made up of eight layers, including a convolution layer, a max-pooling layer and a dense layer. The ECG image is fed into a CNN model, which classifies the COVID-19 ECG. The model provides us with 98.11% accuracy, 98.6% sensitivity and 96.40% specificity. Although 100.00% of the categorization of normal images and COVID-19 ECGs were not accurately determined by the proposed CNN model, this is the first CNN model to categorize ECG images into normal and COVID-19 classes from the ECG database and provide additional diagnostic to medical experts. © 2021 ASSA.
2019冠状病毒病(COVID-19)是一种高死亡率的呼吸系统疾病,需要易于到达的标志物进行预测。COVID-19住院后可能发生的心电图改变尚未得到充分研究。COVID-19还会影响心脏功能,这可以从心电图上看到。因此,心电图可用于检测病毒感染者。该数据库由心电图像组成。在这种情况下,使用卷积神经网络(CNN)对COVID-19 ECG进行分类。该模型由8层组成,包括卷积层、最大池化层和密集层。将ECG图像输入到CNN模型中,该模型对COVID-19 ECG进行分类。该模型的准确率为98.11%,灵敏度为98.6%,特异性为96.40%。虽然100.00%的正常图像和COVID-19心电图的分类不能被所提出的CNN模型准确地确定,但这是第一个将ECG图像从ECG数据库中分类为正常和COVID-19类别并为医学专家提供额外诊断的CNN模型。©2021 assa。
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引用次数: 0
Mathematical Modeling of Antitumor Viral Vaccine Therapy: From the Experiment to the Clinic 抗肿瘤病毒疫苗治疗的数学建模:从实验到临床
Q3 Engineering Pub Date : 2020-09-30 DOI: 10.25728/ASSA.2020.20.3.759
N. Babushkina, E. Kuzina
The paper presents the model developed to identify efficient strategies of antitumor viral vaccine introduction. These strategies are able to produce complete suppression of the tumor growth. The model was developed in MatLab-Simulink. Three efficient strategies of viral vaccine introduction were produced. It was found that the choice of the strategy depends on the tumor size at the start of the treatment, and the range of the tumor sizes for each of the strategies was identified. For the small tumors, elimination of the tumor can be achieved through single-shot vaccine administration in dosages that lead to the death of tumor cells caused directly by the virus. For the big tumors that are within the threshold size, elimination of the tumor can be achieved through repeated vaccine administrations with stepwise reduction of time periods between them. For the tumors of any size, the strategy of repeated administration of the virus-based vaccine that allows stabilizing the tumor size as per the start of the treatment was defined.
本文介绍了为确定抗肿瘤病毒疫苗引入的有效策略而开发的模型。这些策略能够完全抑制肿瘤的生长。该模型是在MatLab-Simulink中开发的。提出了三种有效的病毒疫苗引入策略。研究发现,策略的选择取决于治疗开始时的肿瘤大小,并确定了每种策略的肿瘤大小范围。对于小肿瘤,可以通过单次注射疫苗来消除肿瘤,其剂量导致由病毒直接引起的肿瘤细胞死亡。对于在阈值范围内的大肿瘤,可以通过反复接种疫苗并逐步缩短接种间隔来消除肿瘤。对于任何大小的肿瘤,确定了重复施用基于病毒的疫苗的策略,以便在治疗开始时稳定肿瘤大小。
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引用次数: 1
Estimating the Response Time of a Cloud Computing System with the Help of Neural Networks 利用神经网络估计云计算系统的响应时间
Q3 Engineering Pub Date : 2020-09-30 DOI: 10.25728/ASSA.2020.20.3.926
A. Gorbunova, V. Vishnevsky
The article presents a new approach to assessing the average response time of a cloud computing system and its dispersion. A fork-join system or a system with request splitting was chosen as a queuing model, and artificial neural networks were used as a method for estimating a variable of interest. The analysis showed that the estimates obtained were more accurate than those previously known. Besides, the proposed approach allows expanding the analysis of the cloud system to the case of a model with a non-Poisson input stream and non-exponential service time, as well as obtaining estimates for a larger number of performance indicators of the cloud system, which was not previously possible.
本文提出了一种评估云计算系统平均响应时间及其离散度的新方法。选择分叉连接系统或请求分离系统作为排队模型,并使用人工神经网络作为估计感兴趣变量的方法。分析表明,获得的估计比以前已知的估计更准确。此外,所提出的方法允许将云系统的分析扩展到具有非泊松输入流和非指数服务时间的模型的情况,以及获得云系统的大量性能指标的估计,这在以前是不可能的。
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引用次数: 3
Classifying Amorphous Polymers for Membrane Technology Basing on Accessible Surface Area of Their Conformations 基于构象的可及表面积对膜技术中的非晶态聚合物进行分类
Q3 Engineering Pub Date : 2020-09-30 DOI: 10.25728/ASSA.2020.20.3.897
O. Miloserdov
Almost 400 amorphous polymer materials used in membrane gas separation technology are clustered on the basis of the shape of their polymer chains conformations. Obtained clusters, which rely solely on the geometry of polymer chains and not on the chemical class (polyamides, polyacetylenes, etc.), are shown to discriminate polymers with respect to their transport properties, in particular, the coefficient of diffusion. The method proposed consists of several steps. Firstly, realistic conformations of large polymer macromolecules are constructed using the program code developed in the RDKit environment for Python. Then, polymer conformations are characterized by a curve that relates the “accessible surface area” (i.e., the contact surface between the spherical model of a macromolecule and a spherical “probe”) to the radius of this probe, and also seven similar curves, which relate the polarized (neutral, positively or negatively charged, etc.) accessible surface area to the radius of the spherical probe that represents the variety of penetrant gases. An improved algorithm for surface area calculation maps out the outer surface of the macromolecule to eliminate its influence. The curves are averaged between ten polymer conformations to obtain more robust figures. Finally, agglomerative clustering is used to separate different polymers in the space of these curves that align their accessible-surface-area-related quantities against the probe radius. The proposed classification of polymers can be used to develop more precise predictive models of polymers’ transport properties for the theory-guided and computer-aided materials design.
近400种用于膜气体分离技术的非晶态聚合物材料是根据其聚合物链构象的形状聚集在一起的。所获得的簇仅依赖于聚合物链的几何形状,而不依赖于化学类别(聚酰胺、聚乙炔等),可以根据聚合物的输运性质,特别是扩散系数来区分它们。所提出的方法包括几个步骤。首先,使用在Python的RDKit环境中开发的程序代码构建大型聚合物大分子的实际构象。然后,聚合物构象的特征是一条“可接近表面积”(即大分子的球形模型与球形“探针”之间的接触面)与该探针半径的曲线,以及七条类似的曲线,这些曲线将极化(中性、带正电或带负电等)可接近表面积与代表各种渗透气体的球形探针的半径联系起来。一种改进的表面积计算算法绘制出大分子的外表面以消除其影响。这些曲线在十种聚合物构象之间进行平均,以获得更可靠的数据。最后,使用聚集聚类来分离这些曲线空间中的不同聚合物,这些曲线将其可达表面积相关数量与探针半径对齐。提出的聚合物分类方法可用于建立更精确的聚合物输运特性预测模型,用于理论指导和计算机辅助材料设计。
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引用次数: 2
The "Value at Risk" Principle in Hierarchical Game 层次博弈中的“风险价值”原则
Q3 Engineering Pub Date : 2020-09-30 DOI: 10.25728/ASSA.2020.20.3.826
M. Gorelov
A hierarchical game of two persons with random factors is considered. It is assumed that the top-level player has the right of the first move. It is believed that the lower level player at the time of decision making knows exactly the realization of the random factor and the choice of partner. And the top-level player at the time of decision making knows only a probabilistic measure on the set of values ​​of an uncertain factor. The principle of optimality is new: it is believed that a top-level player is ready to neglect some of the "unpleasant" events, the total probability of which is given, but otherwise he is careful. Under these assumptions, the maximum guaranteed result of the top-level player is calculated. The structure of strategies providing such a result is clarified. Two cases were investigated: a game with and without feedback. To solve the problem, an original definition of the maximum guaranteed result is proposed. It is equivalent to the classical definition, but is simpler. Using this technique, solving of the problem reduces to identical transformations of the formulas for predicate calculus. As a result of the solution, the optimal strategy and the set of "unpleasant" cases which are excluded from consideration search task is reduced to calculating multiple maximins on finite-dimensional spaces. In this case, the operation of calculating the expected value with respect to given probabilistic measure is considered to be "elementary". Models of this type can have different interpretations. One can use them for methodological justification of the principle of maximum guaranteed result. One can use them when solving risk management tasks. One can consider them as models for managing the "customer base" of the service company. The proposed method allows to study such models at a qualitative level, and in some cases to obtain quantitative results.
考虑了一个具有随机因素的两个人的层次博弈。假设顶级玩家拥有第一步的权利。据信,在决策时,较低级别的玩家确切地知道随机因素的实现和伙伴的选择。决策时的顶级参与者只知道一组值的概率测度​​不确定因素。最优性原理是新的:人们认为顶级球员准备忽略一些“不愉快”的事件,这些事件的总概率是给定的,但在其他方面他很小心。在这些假设下,计算出顶级玩家的最大保证结果。阐明了提供这种结果的战略结构。调查了两个案例:一个有反馈和没有反馈的游戏。为了解决这个问题,提出了最大保证结果的原始定义。它相当于经典定义,但更简单。使用这种技术,问题的解决可以简化为谓词演算公式的相同转换。作为该解的结果,最优策略和从考虑搜索任务中排除的一组“不愉快”情况被简化为在有限维空间上计算多个最大值。在这种情况下,计算给定概率测度的期望值的操作被认为是“基本的”。这种类型的模型可能有不同的解释。人们可以用它们来对最大保证结果原则进行方法上的论证。在解决风险管理任务时可以使用它们。人们可以将其视为管理服务公司“客户群”的模型。所提出的方法允许在定性水平上研究此类模型,并在某些情况下获得定量结果。
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引用次数: 0
Value Potentials in Innovation, Resources, Strategic Networks and Blocks 创新、资源、战略网络和区块的价值潜力
Q3 Engineering Pub Date : 2020-09-30 DOI: 10.25728/ASSA.2020.20.3.861
J. Forrest, S. Baizakov, Y. Haile, Abel Gyan, Yong Liu
The present globalizing world of business has been witnessing the emergence of unprecedented kinds of markets. These new kinds of markets post significant challenges to the world of learning and decision-making managers, entrepreneurs and alike. To confront these challenges, this paper investigates the potentials of value creation and value capture at the firm level from different perspectives. By employing systems methodology and the logical reasoning that parallels the one commonly used in mathematics and natural science, this paper establishes 16 formal propositions on value creation and value capture from the respective perspectives of market competition, innovation, resource, inter-organizational network, and direct association of sellers and buyers. In particular, this work points out (1) when innovation provides additional potentials for value creation; (2) when resources’ latent values can be practically made visible through value creation; (3) how markets’ mutual forbearance and relatively sustainably increased profitability are positively related, (4) why a firm’s systemic hole position offers advantages and profitability to the firm, (5) how a firm’s profitability is positively affected by its membership in a strategic block of increasing market influence; and (6) when a firm creates and maintains convenient platforms it will readily create and capture values. This paper concludes with some practically reliable general recommendations and a few topics and directions for future research.
当今全球化的商业世界见证了前所未有的各种市场的出现。这些新型市场对学习和决策的管理者、企业家等人构成了重大挑战。为了应对这些挑战,本文从不同的角度研究了企业层面价值创造和价值获取的潜力。本文运用系统方法论和逻辑推理方法,从市场竞争、创新、资源、组织间网络和买卖双方直接联系的角度,建立了16个关于价值创造和价值获取的形式化命题。本研究特别指出(1)当创新为价值创造提供额外的潜力时;(2)当资源的潜在价值可以通过价值创造实际显现时;(3)市场的相互包容与相对持续增长的盈利能力之间的正相关关系;(4)为什么企业的系统性漏洞地位为企业提供了优势和盈利能力;(5)企业的盈利能力如何受到其加入市场影响力不断增强的战略区块的积极影响;(6)当一家公司创建并维护便利的平台时,它将很容易创造和获取价值。本文最后提出了一些实用可靠的一般性建议,并对今后的研究方向和课题进行了展望。
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引用次数: 2
Delay Differential Equation Model of Gene Expression 基因表达的延迟微分方程模型
Q3 Engineering Pub Date : 2020-09-30 DOI: 10.25728/ASSA.2020.20.3.869
Amit Sharma, N. Adlakha
In this study, a delay differential equation model of gene expression for both retroviruses and normal cell is proposed to study the dynamics of functional gene products. The model is categorised into two sub-models to understand the characteristics of a cell by incorporating time delays in the processes of gene expression. The first model which is for retroviruses, involves time delay in replication, transcription, reverse transcription and translation processes taking place in the cell, while in the second model which is for normal cell, the time delay in transcription and translation processes are incorporated. A numerical solution is obtained using semi-temporal data set. The impact of time delays on temporal concentration profile of DNA, mRNA and proteins have been analysed which gives better insight into the normal cell as well as retroviruses. Further, sensitivity analysis has been performed for both models to study the behaviour of gene expression in the cell. The results obtained from such models can be useful for biomedical applications.
本研究提出了逆转录病毒和正常细胞基因表达的延迟微分方程模型,以研究功能基因产物的动力学。该模型分为两个子模型,通过在基因表达过程中纳入时间延迟来理解细胞的特征。第一个模型是针对逆转录病毒的,涉及细胞内发生的复制、转录、逆转录和翻译过程的时间延迟,而第二个模型是针对正常细胞的,包括转录和翻译过程的时间延迟。利用半时态数据集得到了数值解。时间延迟对DNA、mRNA和蛋白质的时间浓度谱的影响已被分析,从而更好地了解正常细胞和逆转录病毒。此外,对两种模型进行了敏感性分析,以研究细胞中基因表达的行为。从这些模型中获得的结果可用于生物医学应用。
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引用次数: 0
Transformation of Regional Specialization Industries in the Conditions of New Technological Challenges 新技术挑战下的区域专业化产业转型
Q3 Engineering Pub Date : 2020-09-30 DOI: 10.25728/ASSA.2020.20.3.851
O. Smirnova, L. Averina, A. Ponomareva
The paper substantiates the significance of the problem of developing new branches of regional specialization. The mechanisms of transformation of regional specializations are investigated. The productive role of the concept of "smart specialization" for socio-economic and industrial development is noted. The empirical base of the study was Russia’s statistics for 2010-2018. The method of correlation and regression analysis identifies the influence of the way of using digital technologies on the development of traditional industries. The factors affecting the functioning of the industrial sector of Russia were identified. The current requirements and approaches to identifying the priorities of specialization of a region are given. As a result of the study, it was concluded that in order to transform traditional specialization industries and increase their competitiveness in modern conditions, their active interaction (integration and associated participation in production chains) with high-tech fast-growing industries is paramount. As expected, the introduction of new digital technologies will contribute to the growth of traditional industries, which will lead to an increase in their economic sustainability.
文章论述了发展区域专业化新分支问题的重要意义。研究了区域专业化转型的机制。注意到“聪明的专业化”概念对社会经济和工业发展的生产性作用。该研究的实证基础是俄罗斯2010-2018年的统计数据。通过相关分析和回归分析的方法,确定了数字技术使用方式对传统产业发展的影响。确定了影响俄罗斯工业部门运作的因素。给出了确定一个区域专业化优先事项的当前要求和方法。研究结果表明,为了在现代条件下改造传统专业化产业并提高其竞争力,它们与高技术快速增长产业的积极互动(整合和相关参与生产链)至关重要。正如预期的那样,新的数字技术的引入将有助于传统行业的发展,这将导致其经济可持续性的提高。
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引用次数: 0
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