Pub Date : 2022-12-13DOI: 10.1177/09730052221135942
D. S. Borden, T. Mead
This article examines challenges and opportunities some rural small and medium enterprises (SMEs) face in maximising the value of Certified Benefit Corporation status. Eight case studies provide insights into the disadvantages of becoming, and maintaining, certification, and opportunities for leveraging its full value specific to the unique needs of these types of firms. Triangulation of three repetitions of interviews with owners and employees (n = 22) over two years, publicly available web-based sources (e.g., websites and brochures), and project documents for each case were analysed. No case study could report direct financial gains from their certification. Additionally, they reported limitations to obtaining, and maintaining, the certification, unique to rural SMEs, suggesting larger and urban firms have a competitive advantage in utilising this certification. Instead, they identified hiring and retaining quality employees, a greater sense of purpose and drive, and increased trust with other local businesses as added value. The article concludes with insights for increasing the likelihood of maximising value for other similar firms and opportunities for third-party certifying bodies to better support rural SMEs in maximising the value of this certification.
{"title":"Rural Small and Medium Enterprises: Maximising the Value of Benefit Corporation Certification","authors":"D. S. Borden, T. Mead","doi":"10.1177/09730052221135942","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/09730052221135942","url":null,"abstract":"This article examines challenges and opportunities some rural small and medium enterprises (SMEs) face in maximising the value of Certified Benefit Corporation status. Eight case studies provide insights into the disadvantages of becoming, and maintaining, certification, and opportunities for leveraging its full value specific to the unique needs of these types of firms. Triangulation of three repetitions of interviews with owners and employees (n = 22) over two years, publicly available web-based sources (e.g., websites and brochures), and project documents for each case were analysed. No case study could report direct financial gains from their certification. Additionally, they reported limitations to obtaining, and maintaining, the certification, unique to rural SMEs, suggesting larger and urban firms have a competitive advantage in utilising this certification. Instead, they identified hiring and retaining quality employees, a greater sense of purpose and drive, and increased trust with other local businesses as added value. The article concludes with insights for increasing the likelihood of maximising value for other similar firms and opportunities for third-party certifying bodies to better support rural SMEs in maximising the value of this certification.","PeriodicalId":39177,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Rural Management","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-12-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47425247","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-11-12DOI: 10.1177/09730052221123435
Chalachewu Derbe, Essa Chanie, M. Adugna, Tegegne Derbe
This study investigated how dairy production affected the food security of households in the Central Gondar Zone, Ethiopia. To collect primary data, 313 households were selected for interviews based on a multistage sampling approach. A review of published and unpublished documents was also conducted for secondary data collection. According to inferential statistics, about 73.08% (household dietary diversity scores (HDDs)) and 72.53% (HFCS) of dairy producer households were food secure, while 32.06% (HDDs) and 33.59% (HFCS) of dairy non-producer households were food secure. Furthermore, the Endogenous Switching Probit Regression model showed that dairy production increased food security among smallholders. Dairy production increased dairy producer households’ food security by 48.4% (HDDs) and 45.9% (HFCS). Also, it would have improved food security by 10.4% (HDDs) and 7.1% (HFCS) for dairy non-producer households. In conclusion, dairy production contributes significantly to enhancing food security for smallholders. Hence, stakeholders must pay attention to the dairy sector to improve its production and reduce household food insecurity.
{"title":"Impact of Dairy Production on Smallholder Households Food Security in the Central Gondar Zone, Ethiopia","authors":"Chalachewu Derbe, Essa Chanie, M. Adugna, Tegegne Derbe","doi":"10.1177/09730052221123435","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/09730052221123435","url":null,"abstract":"This study investigated how dairy production affected the food security of households in the Central Gondar Zone, Ethiopia. To collect primary data, 313 households were selected for interviews based on a multistage sampling approach. A review of published and unpublished documents was also conducted for secondary data collection. According to inferential statistics, about 73.08% (household dietary diversity scores (HDDs)) and 72.53% (HFCS) of dairy producer households were food secure, while 32.06% (HDDs) and 33.59% (HFCS) of dairy non-producer households were food secure. Furthermore, the Endogenous Switching Probit Regression model showed that dairy production increased food security among smallholders. Dairy production increased dairy producer households’ food security by 48.4% (HDDs) and 45.9% (HFCS). Also, it would have improved food security by 10.4% (HDDs) and 7.1% (HFCS) for dairy non-producer households. In conclusion, dairy production contributes significantly to enhancing food security for smallholders. Hence, stakeholders must pay attention to the dairy sector to improve its production and reduce household food insecurity.","PeriodicalId":39177,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Rural Management","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-11-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49430602","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-11-03DOI: 10.1177/09730052221126253
Fábio da Silva, Elda Fontinele Tahim, Cristine Hermann Nodari, Ana Lucia Brenner Barreto Miranda
The objective of this article is to describe the dynamics of fair trade in organisations that adhered to the Fair Trade International system, based on the principles of fair trade and the dimensions of social innovation, and to identify why there was a disruption in commercial transactions. Four organisations from the state of Rio Grande do Norte, Brazil, which won the fair trade seal, were analysed. Primary data collection occurred through semi-structured interviews and simultaneous annotations and, later, secondary data were collected from official documents, articles, academic works and websites. The results show that the experiences of organisations with Fair Trade International have numerous properties of the dimensions of social innovation. There was the emergence of an emerging development model with the opportunity to work collaboratively and collectively. These changes required adaptation and new practices, as producers underwent a period of changes in their working and production. The formation of cooperatives and fair trade certification had the mobilisation and participation of various actors, who also provided collective learning, both in technical terms and in terms of civic and interpersonal management, especially for rural producers.
{"title":"Fairtrade as a Social Innovation: Brazilian Experience of Rural Organisations","authors":"Fábio da Silva, Elda Fontinele Tahim, Cristine Hermann Nodari, Ana Lucia Brenner Barreto Miranda","doi":"10.1177/09730052221126253","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/09730052221126253","url":null,"abstract":"The objective of this article is to describe the dynamics of fair trade in organisations that adhered to the Fair Trade International system, based on the principles of fair trade and the dimensions of social innovation, and to identify why there was a disruption in commercial transactions. Four organisations from the state of Rio Grande do Norte, Brazil, which won the fair trade seal, were analysed. Primary data collection occurred through semi-structured interviews and simultaneous annotations and, later, secondary data were collected from official documents, articles, academic works and websites. The results show that the experiences of organisations with Fair Trade International have numerous properties of the dimensions of social innovation. There was the emergence of an emerging development model with the opportunity to work collaboratively and collectively. These changes required adaptation and new practices, as producers underwent a period of changes in their working and production. The formation of cooperatives and fair trade certification had the mobilisation and participation of various actors, who also provided collective learning, both in technical terms and in terms of civic and interpersonal management, especially for rural producers.","PeriodicalId":39177,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Rural Management","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-11-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44912441","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-09-21DOI: 10.1177/09730052221120121
Encarnación Gil-Meseguer, M. B. Bernabé-Crespo, J. M. G. Espín
In Spain, in the last 25 years (1996–2020), more than a million and a half hectares of irrigated land have been modernised with irrigation systems. Almost half of this irrigated surface is immersed in a second generation of modernisation in order to be more efficient and save water and energy. This represents a strategic issue in a climate crisis scenario, to assure the quantity and quality of the productions of these irrigable areas, bases of market supply, agro-industries and sources of employment. Throughout this process, innovation was experienced (pressure irrigation, deficit irrigation, accurate irrigation, fertigation and nutrient solution, energy self-consumption, new crop varieties, hydroponic cultivation with or without substratum, etc.). The drivers of these innovations are the harvesting-exporting companies and the irrigation communities. This research is a diachronic study of regional geography; data are provided by official statistics and through extensive fieldwork and interviews with managers. The objective is to explain the irrigation innovation techniques undertaken in the semi-arid environment of Southeastern Spain, one of the driest regions in Europe.
{"title":"Innovation in Irrigated Fields in a Semi-arid Region: Southeastern Spain Case","authors":"Encarnación Gil-Meseguer, M. B. Bernabé-Crespo, J. M. G. Espín","doi":"10.1177/09730052221120121","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/09730052221120121","url":null,"abstract":"In Spain, in the last 25 years (1996–2020), more than a million and a half hectares of irrigated land have been modernised with irrigation systems. Almost half of this irrigated surface is immersed in a second generation of modernisation in order to be more efficient and save water and energy. This represents a strategic issue in a climate crisis scenario, to assure the quantity and quality of the productions of these irrigable areas, bases of market supply, agro-industries and sources of employment. Throughout this process, innovation was experienced (pressure irrigation, deficit irrigation, accurate irrigation, fertigation and nutrient solution, energy self-consumption, new crop varieties, hydroponic cultivation with or without substratum, etc.). The drivers of these innovations are the harvesting-exporting companies and the irrigation communities. This research is a diachronic study of regional geography; data are provided by official statistics and through extensive fieldwork and interviews with managers. The objective is to explain the irrigation innovation techniques undertaken in the semi-arid environment of Southeastern Spain, one of the driest regions in Europe.","PeriodicalId":39177,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Rural Management","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-09-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46853490","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-07-29DOI: 10.1177/09730052211060625
Aashish Argade
The study aims to study the development of research on food tourism (FT) and provide insights into key contribution, journals, authors and suggests future research actions. The study uses the Web of Science (WoS) core database to identify the articles published on the theme. The study then uses descriptive and bibliometric indicators to analyse publication and thematic structure using the Science of Science (Sci2) tool and Gephi. The top contributing and impactful authors, journals, and articles are identified using bibliometric techniques. The study reveals that central themes in FT research involve experience, local, satisfaction, quality, image, value, model, intent, and motive. The network analysis reveals a lack of study and use of technology/digitalization in FT. The systematic review also suggests that research is scarce on sustaining resource-based competitive advantage and the influence of the pandemic on customer engagement, loyalty, and value co-creation. The study uses literature published in the WoS database and excludes other databases. All the metrics have been calculated based on data from WoS that might affect the overall findings. This study is one of the first to combine bibliometric analysis and systematic review in the field of FT and provides for future research agendas and implications.
本研究旨在研究美食旅游(FT)研究的发展，并提供主要贡献，期刊，作者的见解，并建议未来的研究行动。该研究使用Web of Science (WoS)核心数据库来识别发表在该主题上的文章。然后，该研究使用描述性和文献计量指标，利用科学科学(Sci2)工具和Gephi分析出版物和专题结构。使用文献计量学技术确定贡献最大和最有影响力的作者、期刊和文章。该研究表明，英国《金融时报》研究的中心主题包括经验、本地、满意度、质量、形象、价值、模式、意图和动机。网络分析显示，英国《金融时报》缺乏对技术/数字化的研究和使用。系统回顾还表明，关于维持基于资源的竞争优势以及疫情对客户参与度、忠诚度和价值共同创造的影响的研究很少。本研究使用WoS数据库中发表的文献，排除其他数据库。所有指标都是根据可能影响整体结果的WoS数据计算的。本研究是金融时报领域首次将文献计量分析与系统综述相结合的研究之一，并为未来的研究议程和意义提供了依据。
{"title":"Amar KJR Nayak and Ram Kumar Kakani, Critical Perspectives on Public Systems Management in India Through the Lens of District Administration. London: Routledge, 2021, 196 pp., £120, ISBN: 9780367540234","authors":"Aashish Argade","doi":"10.1177/09730052211060625","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/09730052211060625","url":null,"abstract":"The study aims to study the development of research on food tourism (FT) and provide insights into key contribution, journals, authors and suggests future research actions. The study uses the Web of Science (WoS) core database to identify the articles published on the theme. The study then uses descriptive and bibliometric indicators to analyse publication and thematic structure using the Science of Science (Sci2) tool and Gephi. The top contributing and impactful authors, journals, and articles are identified using bibliometric techniques. The study reveals that central themes in FT research involve experience, local, satisfaction, quality, image, value, model, intent, and motive. The network analysis reveals a lack of study and use of technology/digitalization in FT. The systematic review also suggests that research is scarce on sustaining resource-based competitive advantage and the influence of the pandemic on customer engagement, loyalty, and value co-creation. The study uses literature published in the WoS database and excludes other databases. All the metrics have been calculated based on data from WoS that might affect the overall findings. This study is one of the first to combine bibliometric analysis and systematic review in the field of FT and provides for future research agendas and implications.","PeriodicalId":39177,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Rural Management","volume":"18 1","pages":"311 - 314"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-07-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41659978","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-06-29DOI: 10.1177/09730052221107730
P. Trivedi, Manjur Ali, Satpal
This article seeks to analyse the current business model of FPOs to understand socio-economic consequences for individual members. The study selected 10 farmer producer organisations from Uttar Pradesh, India considering diversity along with geographical location, the field of operation and business model. In total, 10% of the villages covered by each chosen FPO and 5 members from each selected village were randomly selected for data collection. Two separate schedules for FPOs and members were administered for data collection. The study found that FPO members, particularly small and marginal farmers, experienced a positive socio-economic impact on their lives due to exposure to new techniques and enhanced bargaining power due to collectivisation. However, lack of capital due to constraints in accessing finance from banks was found to be a major challenge. The article concludes by underlining what needs to be done to make FPOs sustainable.
{"title":"Farmer Producer Organisations in North India: Potentials and Challenges","authors":"P. Trivedi, Manjur Ali, Satpal","doi":"10.1177/09730052221107730","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/09730052221107730","url":null,"abstract":"This article seeks to analyse the current business model of FPOs to understand socio-economic consequences for individual members. The study selected 10 farmer producer organisations from Uttar Pradesh, India considering diversity along with geographical location, the field of operation and business model. In total, 10% of the villages covered by each chosen FPO and 5 members from each selected village were randomly selected for data collection. Two separate schedules for FPOs and members were administered for data collection. The study found that FPO members, particularly small and marginal farmers, experienced a positive socio-economic impact on their lives due to exposure to new techniques and enhanced bargaining power due to collectivisation. However, lack of capital due to constraints in accessing finance from banks was found to be a major challenge. The article concludes by underlining what needs to be done to make FPOs sustainable.","PeriodicalId":39177,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Rural Management","volume":"19 1","pages":"379 - 398"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-06-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"65342849","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-06-03DOI: 10.1177/09730052221101671
D. Luan, Tran Manh Hai, Dương Hoài An, P. T. Thuy
The failure to transform heritage into assets is one of the main constraints for community-based tourism development. This article shows how access to bank credit contributes to income enhancement among ethnic minorities involving community-based tourism homestays. A multistage sampling technique and direct interviews using questionnaires were used to collect a rich dataset of a total 262 homestays in Northwestern Vietnam. To deal with model uncertainty, the approach of double-selection lasso logistic regression applied to Propensity Score Matching was used. Results show that credit recipients increased their total income level from US$180.11 to US$228.58 with an average of US$194.63 compared to non-recipients based on four different matching algorithms. The results suggest that the provision of bank credit should be expanded to enhance income for homestays. To facilitate homestay access to bank credit, stronger collaboration between homestays and travel agencies, better access to training and the adoption of a mobile-based banking platform by homestays are all needed. Smartphone-based credit services to homestays have the potential to reduce transaction costs of accessing credit for mountainous regions. Results imply that heritage can serve as productive assets via financial leverage.
{"title":"Transformation of Heritage into Assets for Income Enhancement: Access to Bank Credit for Vietnamese Community-based Tourism Homestays","authors":"D. Luan, Tran Manh Hai, Dương Hoài An, P. T. Thuy","doi":"10.1177/09730052221101671","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/09730052221101671","url":null,"abstract":"The failure to transform heritage into assets is one of the main constraints for community-based tourism development. This article shows how access to bank credit contributes to income enhancement among ethnic minorities involving community-based tourism homestays. A multistage sampling technique and direct interviews using questionnaires were used to collect a rich dataset of a total 262 homestays in Northwestern Vietnam. To deal with model uncertainty, the approach of double-selection lasso logistic regression applied to Propensity Score Matching was used. Results show that credit recipients increased their total income level from US$180.11 to US$228.58 with an average of US$194.63 compared to non-recipients based on four different matching algorithms. The results suggest that the provision of bank credit should be expanded to enhance income for homestays. To facilitate homestay access to bank credit, stronger collaboration between homestays and travel agencies, better access to training and the adoption of a mobile-based banking platform by homestays are all needed. Smartphone-based credit services to homestays have the potential to reduce transaction costs of accessing credit for mountainous regions. Results imply that heritage can serve as productive assets via financial leverage.","PeriodicalId":39177,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Rural Management","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-06-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44964601","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-05-18DOI: 10.1177/09730052221097187
A. Das
On the basis of household-level data, the present study examines the hiring of farm labour in the Brahmaputra Valley of Assam in the north-eastern part of India. By adopting a multi-stage sampling technique, the primary data were collected from 237 randomly selected field crop cultivating households located in the lower, upper and central parts of the Brahmaputra Valley. The hiring of labour for field cultivation is extensive among the sample farm households of all size groups, but it varies across locations and activities. There are three forms of farm labour hiring, among which the hiring of labour on daily basis is common and pre-dominant. The wage of farm labourers is not same across activities, sex and locations. The estimation of independent double hurdle model depicts the farm size, type of cultivator and age of head of the household as the common factors that affect both the adoption and the extent of hiring of farm labour. The availability of family labour is another factor that affects the extent of hiring of farm labour.
{"title":"The Hiring of Labour for Field Cultivation: A Study in the Brahmaputra Valley of Northeast India","authors":"A. Das","doi":"10.1177/09730052221097187","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/09730052221097187","url":null,"abstract":"On the basis of household-level data, the present study examines the hiring of farm labour in the Brahmaputra Valley of Assam in the north-eastern part of India. By adopting a multi-stage sampling technique, the primary data were collected from 237 randomly selected field crop cultivating households located in the lower, upper and central parts of the Brahmaputra Valley. The hiring of labour for field cultivation is extensive among the sample farm households of all size groups, but it varies across locations and activities. There are three forms of farm labour hiring, among which the hiring of labour on daily basis is common and pre-dominant. The wage of farm labourers is not same across activities, sex and locations. The estimation of independent double hurdle model depicts the farm size, type of cultivator and age of head of the household as the common factors that affect both the adoption and the extent of hiring of farm labour. The availability of family labour is another factor that affects the extent of hiring of farm labour.","PeriodicalId":39177,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Rural Management","volume":"19 1","pages":"274 - 297"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-05-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46286582","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-03-28DOI: 10.1177/09730052221084767
Jonathan Dlamini, Ambrosé Ray Du Plessis, L. Markham
This article draws attention to staffing and retention challenges that teachers face in rural schools in Eswatini. Despite policies and strategies developed by the Ministry of Education and Training, retention and staffing challenges continue unabated in rural schools. The continuing challenges indicate that limited success is achieved with the implementation of staffing and retention strategies. Drawing on staffing and retention literature, coupled with empirical data derived from teachers and head teachers in the Lubombo Region in Eswatini, this article proposes an alternative, multifaceted contextual approach to reducing staffing and retention challenges. A focus on lived rural and teaching experiences at rural schools offsets the abstract and one-dimensional universal approach to staffing and retaining teachers adopted by the office of the Teaching Service Commission in the Ministry of Education and Training in Eswatini. The article recommends that the office of the Teaching Service Commission should follow a context-specific differentiated approach based on thick analysis of staffing and retention challenges of teachers in rural schools.
{"title":"Staffing and Retention Challenges of Teachers in Rural Schools of Eswatini: The Case of the Lubombo Region","authors":"Jonathan Dlamini, Ambrosé Ray Du Plessis, L. Markham","doi":"10.1177/09730052221084767","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/09730052221084767","url":null,"abstract":"This article draws attention to staffing and retention challenges that teachers face in rural schools in Eswatini. Despite policies and strategies developed by the Ministry of Education and Training, retention and staffing challenges continue unabated in rural schools. The continuing challenges indicate that limited success is achieved with the implementation of staffing and retention strategies. Drawing on staffing and retention literature, coupled with empirical data derived from teachers and head teachers in the Lubombo Region in Eswatini, this article proposes an alternative, multifaceted contextual approach to reducing staffing and retention challenges. A focus on lived rural and teaching experiences at rural schools offsets the abstract and one-dimensional universal approach to staffing and retaining teachers adopted by the office of the Teaching Service Commission in the Ministry of Education and Training in Eswatini. The article recommends that the office of the Teaching Service Commission should follow a context-specific differentiated approach based on thick analysis of staffing and retention challenges of teachers in rural schools.","PeriodicalId":39177,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Rural Management","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-03-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47482415","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-03-27DOI: 10.1177/09730052221087020
Louis Baaweh, Issah Baddianaah, B. Baatuuwie
Local communities have different perspectives, uses and values ascribed to the diversity of plant and animal species at their service. Yet, local knowledge of the species diversity and use values, alongside conservation decisions and practices, received inadequate scholarly discussion. This article explores how local knowledge of species diversity (flora and fauna) and use values inform decisions for conserving natural resources in the Zukpiri Community Resource Management Area (CREMA). Using the qualitative research approach, seven focus group discussions were held with the Zukpiri CREMA Committees and supported with key informant interviews. The results showed that the CREMA hosts a great diversity of plant and animal species. Customary rules and regulations embedded in customs, traditional beliefs and practices are used in governing, protecting and conserving CREMA’s resources. Drawing on the organisational structure of the CREMA framework in Ghana, we suggest that the Forestry Commission of Ghana should intensify its collaborative role with the Community Resource Management Committees (CRMCs) to monitor illegal logging in and around the CREMA. Furthermore, traditional knowledge systems in line with conservational practices should be projected by the responsible state institutions.
{"title":"Traditional Knowledge and Practices in Natural Resource Conservation: A Study of the Zukpiri Community Resource Management Area, Ghana","authors":"Louis Baaweh, Issah Baddianaah, B. Baatuuwie","doi":"10.1177/09730052221087020","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/09730052221087020","url":null,"abstract":"Local communities have different perspectives, uses and values ascribed to the diversity of plant and animal species at their service. Yet, local knowledge of the species diversity and use values, alongside conservation decisions and practices, received inadequate scholarly discussion. This article explores how local knowledge of species diversity (flora and fauna) and use values inform decisions for conserving natural resources in the Zukpiri Community Resource Management Area (CREMA). Using the qualitative research approach, seven focus group discussions were held with the Zukpiri CREMA Committees and supported with key informant interviews. The results showed that the CREMA hosts a great diversity of plant and animal species. Customary rules and regulations embedded in customs, traditional beliefs and practices are used in governing, protecting and conserving CREMA’s resources. Drawing on the organisational structure of the CREMA framework in Ghana, we suggest that the Forestry Commission of Ghana should intensify its collaborative role with the Community Resource Management Committees (CRMCs) to monitor illegal logging in and around the CREMA. Furthermore, traditional knowledge systems in line with conservational practices should be projected by the responsible state institutions.","PeriodicalId":39177,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Rural Management","volume":"19 1","pages":"253 - 273"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-03-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42245266","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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