Pub Date : 2021-02-02DOI: 10.1177/0973005220980599
Mekonnen Kumlachew Yitayaw
This study investigated the determinants affecting financial sustainability and profitability of saving and credit cooperatives (SACCOs) in Eastern Ethiopia using unbalanced panel data of 43 SACCOs from 2015 to 2019. To realise the stated objective, a quantitative approach and an explanatory design were employed using secondary data sources mainly from audited financial statements of the SACCOs during the study period. The analysis revealed that SACCOs in Eastern Ethiopia are not profitable but financially sustainable. The robust random effect model result shows that deposit mobilisation, loan-to-deposit ratio and managerial efficiency have a statistically significant and positive effect on the profitability of SACCOs, while operational efficiency has a statistically significant and negative effect. Likewise, the leverage ratio and the number of active borrowers (a proxy of breadth outreach) have a statistically significant and positive effect on the financial sustainability of SACCOs in Eastern Ethiopia. However, operational efficiency and size have a statistically significant but negative effect on SACCOs’ financial sustainability. Finally, the study suggests that SACCOs in Eastern Ethiopia should perform their conventional activities such as saving mobilisation and credit provision properly to be financially healthy.
{"title":"Determinants of Profitability and Financial Sustainability of Saving and Credit Cooperatives in Eastern Ethiopia","authors":"Mekonnen Kumlachew Yitayaw","doi":"10.1177/0973005220980599","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/0973005220980599","url":null,"abstract":"This study investigated the determinants affecting financial sustainability and profitability of saving and credit cooperatives (SACCOs) in Eastern Ethiopia using unbalanced panel data of 43 SACCOs from 2015 to 2019. To realise the stated objective, a quantitative approach and an explanatory design were employed using secondary data sources mainly from audited financial statements of the SACCOs during the study period. The analysis revealed that SACCOs in Eastern Ethiopia are not profitable but financially sustainable. The robust random effect model result shows that deposit mobilisation, loan-to-deposit ratio and managerial efficiency have a statistically significant and positive effect on the profitability of SACCOs, while operational efficiency has a statistically significant and negative effect. Likewise, the leverage ratio and the number of active borrowers (a proxy of breadth outreach) have a statistically significant and positive effect on the financial sustainability of SACCOs in Eastern Ethiopia. However, operational efficiency and size have a statistically significant but negative effect on SACCOs’ financial sustainability. Finally, the study suggests that SACCOs in Eastern Ethiopia should perform their conventional activities such as saving mobilisation and credit provision properly to be financially healthy.","PeriodicalId":39177,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Rural Management","volume":"17 1","pages":"239 - 261"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-02-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1177/0973005220980599","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41434590","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-01-26DOI: 10.1177/0973005220984558
Jessica Carrick-Hagenbarth
Development institutions have adopted models of community development that prioritise empowerment. However, many of these models have transformed a collective, process-oriented understanding of empowerment into one that focuses on individual outcomes and results all too often in project failure. This article presents a case study of a World Bank community-driven development (CDD) project implemented in agrarian settlements in north-eastern Brazil. Using mixed methods, the article finds that because this CDD approach failed to conceptualise power differences, stemming from education, income and the rural–urban divide, it overlooked the disadvantage marginalised communities would have when interacting with technical agencies and soliciting contractors. The power differences created by these inequities enabled those very technical agencies and contractors intended to support CDD subprojects to take advantage of participant communities through providing low-quality services and products. The project also failed to provide quality technical assistance for a duration sufficient to develop the skills community members required to carry out successful, productive subprojects. These findings suggest that CDD projects need to incorporate a broader conception of empowerment that addresses group-level power differences to transform the relations between participants and those on whom they depend, and thereby contribute to project success.
{"title":"(Mis)Conceptualising Empowerment: Flaws in Community-driven Development Project Design","authors":"Jessica Carrick-Hagenbarth","doi":"10.1177/0973005220984558","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/0973005220984558","url":null,"abstract":"Development institutions have adopted models of community development that prioritise empowerment. However, many of these models have transformed a collective, process-oriented understanding of empowerment into one that focuses on individual outcomes and results all too often in project failure. This article presents a case study of a World Bank community-driven development (CDD) project implemented in agrarian settlements in north-eastern Brazil. Using mixed methods, the article finds that because this CDD approach failed to conceptualise power differences, stemming from education, income and the rural–urban divide, it overlooked the disadvantage marginalised communities would have when interacting with technical agencies and soliciting contractors. The power differences created by these inequities enabled those very technical agencies and contractors intended to support CDD subprojects to take advantage of participant communities through providing low-quality services and products. The project also failed to provide quality technical assistance for a duration sufficient to develop the skills community members required to carry out successful, productive subprojects. These findings suggest that CDD projects need to incorporate a broader conception of empowerment that addresses group-level power differences to transform the relations between participants and those on whom they depend, and thereby contribute to project success.","PeriodicalId":39177,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Rural Management","volume":"17 1","pages":"213 - 238"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-01-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1177/0973005220984558","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46102143","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-12-18DOI: 10.1177/0973005220972551
Andrew Maganga
The purpose of this study was to explore and discuss the impact of village savings and loan associations (VSLAs) on socio-economic changes among women and resilience against vulnerability. The study employed a descriptive research design, and household-survey methods were used to obtain data from two districts: Chiradzulu Tradition Authority Maoni and Blantyre Rural Traditional Authority Kapeni. The multi-stage sampling method was used to select the samples. The sample size was 70 (n = 70) women from VSLA groups, and the data obtained were analysed using ‘Statistical Package for the Social Sciences’ (SPSS). The findings of the study show the positive contributions of VSLAs towards women, such as an increase in the economic and social level of members. Despite these positive results, it was found that VSLA members have no access to loans from external organisations or banks, and there is also a lack of training among the VSLA members.
{"title":"Impact of Microfinance Village Savings and Loan Associations on Women’s Empowerment and Resilience Against Vulnerability in Malawi","authors":"Andrew Maganga","doi":"10.1177/0973005220972551","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/0973005220972551","url":null,"abstract":"The purpose of this study was to explore and discuss the impact of village savings and loan associations (VSLAs) on socio-economic changes among women and resilience against vulnerability. The study employed a descriptive research design, and household-survey methods were used to obtain data from two districts: Chiradzulu Tradition Authority Maoni and Blantyre Rural Traditional Authority Kapeni. The multi-stage sampling method was used to select the samples. The sample size was 70 (n = 70) women from VSLA groups, and the data obtained were analysed using ‘Statistical Package for the Social Sciences’ (SPSS). The findings of the study show the positive contributions of VSLAs towards women, such as an increase in the economic and social level of members. Despite these positive results, it was found that VSLA members have no access to loans from external organisations or banks, and there is also a lack of training among the VSLA members.","PeriodicalId":39177,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Rural Management","volume":"17 1","pages":"190 - 212"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-12-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1177/0973005220972551","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47405278","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-12-04DOI: 10.1177/0973005220969552
Srimoyee Datta, T. N. Sahu
This study examines the responsibility of microfinance institutions towards changes in the livelihood practices of the borrowers. Considering a total of 350 borrowers of West Bengal, the impact of microfinance on their lives has been observed empirically by applying different statistical tools. In this study, it has been observed that MFIs with its offerings support to shape up the lifestyle practices of the beneficiaries over time. The microcredit utilisation helps the borrowers to start up income-generating activities and engagement of manpower within their household and beyond. This study contributes to the extant literature on microfinance by comparing pre-loan and post-loan phases and identifies the contemporary role of MFIs. By considering the appropriate framework and approach, this study is explicable towards policymakers for designing further policies in this context and helps identify resources that need to flourish the current state in the future.
{"title":"Impact of Microcredit on Employment Generation and Empowerment of Rural Women in India","authors":"Srimoyee Datta, T. N. Sahu","doi":"10.1177/0973005220969552","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/0973005220969552","url":null,"abstract":"This study examines the responsibility of microfinance institutions towards changes in the livelihood practices of the borrowers. Considering a total of 350 borrowers of West Bengal, the impact of microfinance on their lives has been observed empirically by applying different statistical tools. In this study, it has been observed that MFIs with its offerings support to shape up the lifestyle practices of the beneficiaries over time. The microcredit utilisation helps the borrowers to start up income-generating activities and engagement of manpower within their household and beyond. This study contributes to the extant literature on microfinance by comparing pre-loan and post-loan phases and identifies the contemporary role of MFIs. By considering the appropriate framework and approach, this study is explicable towards policymakers for designing further policies in this context and helps identify resources that need to flourish the current state in the future.","PeriodicalId":39177,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Rural Management","volume":"17 1","pages":"140 - 157"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-12-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1177/0973005220969552","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46528578","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-12-04DOI: 10.1177/0973005220965448
Akansha Madan
A rural buyer buys a branded product for its assurance of quality. Rural consumers today, are quite aware of the variety of brands that are available in the market. This change in the behaviour of rural consumers is widespread in respect of FMCG products. The present study stresses on the research framework on properties that induce a purchaser’s confidence in acquisition of a product and structure their relationship with demographic variables and brand choice. The study was carried out in the rural areas of India. The sample size was 1,106. The research methodology consisted of exploratory and descriptive studies. Tools for analysing data included confirmatory factor analysis and modelling of structural equations. It was found that there was a significant relationship between properties that trigger a purchaser’s confidence in acquisition of products and their brand choice. It was also found that there is a significant difference between properties that trigger a purchaser’s confidence in acquisition of products and demographic variables such as age, gender, education and household income.
{"title":"Structural Equation Modelling of Properties That Trigger Purchaser’s Confidence in Acquisition of Products and Consumer’s Brand Choice in Rural Areas","authors":"Akansha Madan","doi":"10.1177/0973005220965448","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/0973005220965448","url":null,"abstract":"A rural buyer buys a branded product for its assurance of quality. Rural consumers today, are quite aware of the variety of brands that are available in the market. This change in the behaviour of rural consumers is widespread in respect of FMCG products. The present study stresses on the research framework on properties that induce a purchaser’s confidence in acquisition of a product and structure their relationship with demographic variables and brand choice. The study was carried out in the rural areas of India. The sample size was 1,106. The research methodology consisted of exploratory and descriptive studies. Tools for analysing data included confirmatory factor analysis and modelling of structural equations. It was found that there was a significant relationship between properties that trigger a purchaser’s confidence in acquisition of products and their brand choice. It was also found that there is a significant difference between properties that trigger a purchaser’s confidence in acquisition of products and demographic variables such as age, gender, education and household income.","PeriodicalId":39177,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Rural Management","volume":"17 1","pages":"165 - 189"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-12-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1177/0973005220965448","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42709913","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-12-01DOI: 10.1177/0973005220968957
Resty Naiga
The devolution of water management from the state to user communities is usually based on the assumption that users are able and willing to take on the necessary responsibilities. Despite over a decade of implementing a demand-driven approach in rural water provision in Uganda, operation and maintenance of communal water infrastructure is still an uphill task. Using a mixed methods approach and a socio-ecological systems framework, this article shows the relationship between water user satisfaction and willingness to engage in collective action towards water provision. The article further presents factors influencing water users’ satisfaction under the demand-driven model of water governance. The results indicate a highly significant relationship between user satisfaction and willingness to contribute to operation and maintenance of water infrastructure. The explanatory variables influencing users’ satisfaction with water provision are categorised as institutional and biophysical factors. The analysis indicates that collective action is key for successful implementation of demand-driven model of water governance, but it cannot be assumed or taken for granted. Rather, it must be facilitated through fulfilling the needs and expectations of the beneficiaries as well as building robust self-governance local institutions.
{"title":"Determinants of User Satisfaction and the Implications on Collective Action in Demand-driven Water Governance in Rural Uganda","authors":"Resty Naiga","doi":"10.1177/0973005220968957","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/0973005220968957","url":null,"abstract":"The devolution of water management from the state to user communities is usually based on the assumption that users are able and willing to take on the necessary responsibilities. Despite over a decade of implementing a demand-driven approach in rural water provision in Uganda, operation and maintenance of communal water infrastructure is still an uphill task. Using a mixed methods approach and a socio-ecological systems framework, this article shows the relationship between water user satisfaction and willingness to engage in collective action towards water provision. The article further presents factors influencing water users’ satisfaction under the demand-driven model of water governance. The results indicate a highly significant relationship between user satisfaction and willingness to contribute to operation and maintenance of water infrastructure. The explanatory variables influencing users’ satisfaction with water provision are categorised as institutional and biophysical factors. The analysis indicates that collective action is key for successful implementation of demand-driven model of water governance, but it cannot be assumed or taken for granted. Rather, it must be facilitated through fulfilling the needs and expectations of the beneficiaries as well as building robust self-governance local institutions.","PeriodicalId":39177,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Rural Management","volume":"17 1","pages":"93 - 119"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1177/0973005220968957","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46565880","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-11-26DOI: 10.1177/0973005220964688
Rajesh Gupta, P. Sinha, A. Sahu, Vandana Sood
Craft industry is as much the mainstay of the rural economy after agriculture. It provides occupation to a large section of population. However, it is characterised by fragmented individual artisans on one side and dispersed customers on the other. It also suffers from market separations. Urban haats were set up with the objective to present artisans and buyer on one platform and reduce these separations. In this study urban haats have been conceptualised as marketplaces that bring artisans and customers at one place to optimise their respective values. They also serve as a tool for disintermediation and a social distribution initiative and represent a retailing initiative in the inclusive entrepreneurship domain. This study focusses on identifying drivers of success of urban haats. Using a mixed method approach, data was collected from Haat officials and NGO members through personal interviews. The data from artisans and customers was collected through a survey using a structured response format. The study was conducted at 18 haats in 10 states. The study highlights the factors that drive satisfaction of artisans and customers and the role of administrators in making the marketplace a success. Customer consider diversity of the products, quality of the products, behaviour of the salesperson, price parity with other markets, buying experience, parking space and aesthetics of the stalls as major influencing factors for the recommendation of the haats to other customers. Most important attributes of the haats in driving artisan satisfaction were stall allotment system, haat location, advertisements, product promotion and monitoring. It is also found that while the infrastructure is necessary, it is not sufficient in enhancing the performance and sustainability of haats. Administration of these haats plays a defining mediating role. Based on these findings, an approach is proposed for success of urban haats.
{"title":"Success Drivers of Urban Haats Selling Craft Products","authors":"Rajesh Gupta, P. Sinha, A. Sahu, Vandana Sood","doi":"10.1177/0973005220964688","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/0973005220964688","url":null,"abstract":"Craft industry is as much the mainstay of the rural economy after agriculture. It provides occupation to a large section of population. However, it is characterised by fragmented individual artisans on one side and dispersed customers on the other. It also suffers from market separations. Urban haats were set up with the objective to present artisans and buyer on one platform and reduce these separations. In this study urban haats have been conceptualised as marketplaces that bring artisans and customers at one place to optimise their respective values. They also serve as a tool for disintermediation and a social distribution initiative and represent a retailing initiative in the inclusive entrepreneurship domain. This study focusses on identifying drivers of success of urban haats. Using a mixed method approach, data was collected from Haat officials and NGO members through personal interviews. The data from artisans and customers was collected through a survey using a structured response format. The study was conducted at 18 haats in 10 states. The study highlights the factors that drive satisfaction of artisans and customers and the role of administrators in making the marketplace a success. Customer consider diversity of the products, quality of the products, behaviour of the salesperson, price parity with other markets, buying experience, parking space and aesthetics of the stalls as major influencing factors for the recommendation of the haats to other customers. Most important attributes of the haats in driving artisan satisfaction were stall allotment system, haat location, advertisements, product promotion and monitoring. It is also found that while the infrastructure is necessary, it is not sufficient in enhancing the performance and sustainability of haats. Administration of these haats plays a defining mediating role. Based on these findings, an approach is proposed for success of urban haats.","PeriodicalId":39177,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Rural Management","volume":" 25","pages":"120 - 139"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-11-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1177/0973005220964688","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41253457","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-11-09DOI: 10.1177/0973005220967223
A. P. Pati
During the recent past, all over the globe, many privately managed microfinance institutions (MFIs) have transformed into professionally managed companies, which has brought the mission drift discussion to the forefront. Along this line, over the last decade, the Indian counterparts also have changed their positions and moved towards commercialisation of their business. Keeping transformation in the background, this article tries to capture the mission of drift magnitude and its dimensions and to identify the drivers of drift. With the help of empirical data, it is observed that there is a significant percentage of institutions falling under the drifted category. Many of those that are new and sustainable are found to have drifted from their mission. A noticeable change in their capital structure in India, with a strong tilt towards financial sustainability among the regulated and professionally managed category, is being observed. Among the capital structure variables, the influence of capital assets ratio (CAR) on mission drift is found significant. Though the profit motive is not established, the increasing pressure to remain financially viable because of a higher level of equity infusion forces MFIs to drift further from their mission.
{"title":"Structural Transformation, Profit and Cost: What Drive(s) Mission Drift in Indian Microfinance?","authors":"A. P. Pati","doi":"10.1177/0973005220967223","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/0973005220967223","url":null,"abstract":"During the recent past, all over the globe, many privately managed microfinance institutions (MFIs) have transformed into professionally managed companies, which has brought the mission drift discussion to the forefront. Along this line, over the last decade, the Indian counterparts also have changed their positions and moved towards commercialisation of their business. Keeping transformation in the background, this article tries to capture the mission of drift magnitude and its dimensions and to identify the drivers of drift. With the help of empirical data, it is observed that there is a significant percentage of institutions falling under the drifted category. Many of those that are new and sustainable are found to have drifted from their mission. A noticeable change in their capital structure in India, with a strong tilt towards financial sustainability among the regulated and professionally managed category, is being observed. Among the capital structure variables, the influence of capital assets ratio (CAR) on mission drift is found significant. Though the profit motive is not established, the increasing pressure to remain financially viable because of a higher level of equity infusion forces MFIs to drift further from their mission.","PeriodicalId":39177,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Rural Management","volume":"17 1","pages":"75 - 92"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-11-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1177/0973005220967223","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48106345","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-11-06DOI: 10.1177/0973005220965004
William Yaw Amuesi Kodwiw, J. Mensah
The role of microenterprise in providing economic opportunities and employment options to the poor due to their ease of entry is recognised across the world. To enhance rural job creation through microenterprise development interventions, it is essential to understand how microenterprise establishment decisions are made among rural dwellers. The study examined how the option to migrate to other localities affects microenterprise establishment decisions among rural dwellers in the Mfantsiman Municipality of Ghana. A mixed method design was used in the study. This involved a cross-sectional survey of 20 rural communities, during which data was collected from 800 respondents. Data were also collected from one focus group in each of the 20 communities. A conjoint decision analysis was carried out from interactions of the attributes of each respondent with the migration factor and other socio-economic factors. The migration option reduced the probability of local microenterprise establishment, with the most significant effect among people aged between 15 and 30 years. Furthermore, rural microenterprise establishment decisions are least influenced by the interactive effect of personal attributes and the migration factor as compared to interaction with other factors including access to electricity, institutional support services, market for outputs and returns on investment.
{"title":"Effect of the Migration Option on Rural Microenterprise Establishment Decisions in the Mfantsiman Municipality of Ghana","authors":"William Yaw Amuesi Kodwiw, J. Mensah","doi":"10.1177/0973005220965004","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/0973005220965004","url":null,"abstract":"The role of microenterprise in providing economic opportunities and employment options to the poor due to their ease of entry is recognised across the world. To enhance rural job creation through microenterprise development interventions, it is essential to understand how microenterprise establishment decisions are made among rural dwellers. The study examined how the option to migrate to other localities affects microenterprise establishment decisions among rural dwellers in the Mfantsiman Municipality of Ghana. A mixed method design was used in the study. This involved a cross-sectional survey of 20 rural communities, during which data was collected from 800 respondents. Data were also collected from one focus group in each of the 20 communities. A conjoint decision analysis was carried out from interactions of the attributes of each respondent with the migration factor and other socio-economic factors. The migration option reduced the probability of local microenterprise establishment, with the most significant effect among people aged between 15 and 30 years. Furthermore, rural microenterprise establishment decisions are least influenced by the interactive effect of personal attributes and the migration factor as compared to interaction with other factors including access to electricity, institutional support services, market for outputs and returns on investment.","PeriodicalId":39177,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Rural Management","volume":"17 1","pages":"7 - 26"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-11-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1177/0973005220965004","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43515218","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-09-25DOI: 10.1177/0973005220950515
Justice Issah Musah Surugu, David Nawiene Chutab
The concept of transformational adaptation is increasingly becoming a buzzword in the field of political ecology or the emerging sub-field of climate change governance. However, what kind of adaptation to climate impact can best be described as transformational? This question is not fully answered, since the concept is still at an embryonic stage of life. In this article, the concept is diagnosed bottom-up—exclusively from the perspective of adaptation project beneficiaries. The question is asked: what kind of adaptation project intervention and outcome do you consider transformational? How is transformational adaptation different from incremental adaptation? Through an interpretive research paradigm, some selected adaptation projects from Ghana were used as a case study. According to the interviewees, climate change adaptation interventions that create a systematic shift in livelihood to a more sustainable option, create equitable power structures that influence adaptive decision-making, minimise vulnerability and create opportunity for scaling up could be described as transformational. Specifically, it was found that project beneficiaries consider transformational adaptation strategies that encourage and support a total shift in livelihood (e.g., from rice farming to snail rearing) as transformational. On the basis of the data, the study concludes, though with some cautious optimism, that transformational adaptation could spur innovations and diffusion of ideas and create a path for poverty reduction.
{"title":"Going Beyond Incrementalism: Climate Projects’ Beneficiaries’ Perspective on What Could Be Described as Transformational Adaptation","authors":"Justice Issah Musah Surugu, David Nawiene Chutab","doi":"10.1177/0973005220950515","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/0973005220950515","url":null,"abstract":"The concept of transformational adaptation is increasingly becoming a buzzword in the field of political ecology or the emerging sub-field of climate change governance. However, what kind of adaptation to climate impact can best be described as transformational? This question is not fully answered, since the concept is still at an embryonic stage of life. In this article, the concept is diagnosed bottom-up—exclusively from the perspective of adaptation project beneficiaries. The question is asked: what kind of adaptation project intervention and outcome do you consider transformational? How is transformational adaptation different from incremental adaptation? Through an interpretive research paradigm, some selected adaptation projects from Ghana were used as a case study. According to the interviewees, climate change adaptation interventions that create a systematic shift in livelihood to a more sustainable option, create equitable power structures that influence adaptive decision-making, minimise vulnerability and create opportunity for scaling up could be described as transformational. Specifically, it was found that project beneficiaries consider transformational adaptation strategies that encourage and support a total shift in livelihood (e.g., from rice farming to snail rearing) as transformational. On the basis of the data, the study concludes, though with some cautious optimism, that transformational adaptation could spur innovations and diffusion of ideas and create a path for poverty reduction.","PeriodicalId":39177,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Rural Management","volume":"17 1","pages":"55 - 74"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-09-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1177/0973005220950515","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43305214","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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