Pub Date : 2019-01-01DOI: 10.3362/1756-3488.2019.38-1ED
R. Carter
As one who has worked in the development of water and sanitation for nearly 45 years, I look over the wall sometimes into the world of humanitarian work, and see a very different environment from the one in which I have mainly worked. The particular contrast which I want to highlight is the wide international consensus around clearly articulated principles and standards in humanitarian work, and what I see as a far looser commitment to true professionalism in long-term development work, including in the water, sanitation, and hygiene (WASH) sector.
{"title":"Editorial: Time to take professionalism seriously in the pursuit of Sustainable Development Goal 6","authors":"R. Carter","doi":"10.3362/1756-3488.2019.38-1ED","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3362/1756-3488.2019.38-1ED","url":null,"abstract":"As one who has worked in the development of water and sanitation for nearly 45 years, I look over the wall sometimes into the world of humanitarian work, and see a very different environment from the one in which I have mainly worked. The particular contrast which I want to highlight is the wide international consensus around clearly articulated principles and standards in humanitarian work, and what I see as a far looser commitment to true professionalism in long-term development work, including in the water, sanitation, and hygiene (WASH) sector.","PeriodicalId":39265,"journal":{"name":"Waterlines","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.3362/1756-3488.2019.38-1ED","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45159800","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2018-10-01DOI: 10.3362/1756-3488.2018.37-4ED
R. Carter
At the Stockholm Water Conference this year I chaired a panel-led discussion organized by WaterAid which examined how the interface between research on the one hand and policy and practice on the other could be improved. After the session a summary was drawn up, and this editorial includes the main points and quotations from that report. As this journal attempts to bridge the divide between academia and practice, it seems appropriate to reproduce it here.
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E. Mackinnon, L. Campos, N. Sawant, L. Ciric, P. Parikh, Kate Bohnert
Little has been studied about the potential risks and hazards arising from the use and operation of container-based sanitation (CBS) systems. Building on existing risk assessment frameworks, this c...
很少有人研究集装箱卫生系统的使用和操作所产生的潜在风险和危害。在现有风险评估框架的基础上。。。
{"title":"Exploring exposure risk and safe management of container-based sanitation systems: a case study from Kenya","authors":"E. Mackinnon, L. Campos, N. Sawant, L. Ciric, P. Parikh, Kate Bohnert","doi":"10.3362/1756-3488.00016","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3362/1756-3488.00016","url":null,"abstract":"Little has been studied about the potential risks and hazards arising from the use and operation of container-based sanitation (CBS) systems. Building on existing risk assessment frameworks, this c...","PeriodicalId":39265,"journal":{"name":"Waterlines","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44751430","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
S. Kinghan, R. Franceys, C. Costa, Vannisaingam Baghirathan
Aguas da Regiao de Maputo, the water utility serving the capital of Mozambique, has carried out water network expansion projects in peri-urban areas in partnership with the not-for-profit company W...
服务于莫桑比克首都的水务公司Aguas da Regiao de Maputo与非营利公司W。。。
{"title":"Assessing the costs and consumer behaviour of increasing water connections in low-income areas of Maputo, Mozambique","authors":"S. Kinghan, R. Franceys, C. Costa, Vannisaingam Baghirathan","doi":"10.3362/1756-3488.00006","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3362/1756-3488.00006","url":null,"abstract":"Aguas da Regiao de Maputo, the water utility serving the capital of Mozambique, has carried out water network expansion projects in peri-urban areas in partnership with the not-for-profit company W...","PeriodicalId":39265,"journal":{"name":"Waterlines","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49605753","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2018-10-01DOI: 10.3362/1756-3488.17-00027
N. Villeminot
In the context of the cholera epidemics in Haiti, a pre-crisis market analysis (PCMA) was conducted in Artibonite to study the supply of and demand for various water- and hygiene-related items. The...
{"title":"Strengthening market systems that provide water and hygiene items for cholera mitigation and emergency preparedness in Haiti","authors":"N. Villeminot","doi":"10.3362/1756-3488.17-00027","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3362/1756-3488.17-00027","url":null,"abstract":"In the context of the cholera epidemics in Haiti, a pre-crisis market analysis (PCMA) was conducted in Artibonite to study the supply of and demand for various water- and hygiene-related items. The...","PeriodicalId":39265,"journal":{"name":"Waterlines","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49656659","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2018-07-01DOI: 10.3362/1756-3488.18-00008
Nick Turman-Bryant, T. Clasen, Kathryn E. Fankhauser, Evan A. Thomas
The Sustainable Development Goal (SDG) target for access to safe sanitation and hygiene represents a marked improvement over the target used during the Millennium Development Goal (MDG) period. The...
{"title":"Measuring progress towards sanitation and hygiene targets: a critical review of monitoring methodologies and technologies","authors":"Nick Turman-Bryant, T. Clasen, Kathryn E. Fankhauser, Evan A. Thomas","doi":"10.3362/1756-3488.18-00008","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3362/1756-3488.18-00008","url":null,"abstract":"The Sustainable Development Goal (SDG) target for access to safe sanitation and hygiene represents a marked improvement over the target used during the Millennium Development Goal (MDG) period. The...","PeriodicalId":39265,"journal":{"name":"Waterlines","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.3362/1756-3488.18-00008","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47136595","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2018-07-01DOI: 10.3362/1756-3488.18-00012
C. Rosato-Scott, D. Barrington
There is little information on the management of incontinence in low-income settings. This article provides some initial insights, of particular relevance to water, sanitation, and hygiene (WASH) and health practitioners, into the coping strategies used by sufferers and carers in Zambia. Incontinence is rarely reported to medical professionals in Zambia, possibly due to a reluctance to disclose as a result of the stigma associated with the condition. Management and treatment of incontinence is subsequently limited, and both coping strategies and treatment received are determined by affordability and accessibility. If the global community is to achieve the Sustainable Development Goals of universal sanitation (Goal 6) and well-being (Goal 3), future studies and programmes on incontinence in Zambia will need to involve collaborations between WASH and health practitioners that investigate how to reduce the stigma associated with the condition and increase awareness, and how to improve the availability and af...
{"title":"Incontinence in Zambia: initial investigation into the coping strategies of sufferers and carers","authors":"C. Rosato-Scott, D. Barrington","doi":"10.3362/1756-3488.18-00012","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3362/1756-3488.18-00012","url":null,"abstract":"There is little information on the management of incontinence in low-income settings. This article provides some initial insights, of particular relevance to water, sanitation, and hygiene (WASH) and health practitioners, into the coping strategies used by sufferers and carers in Zambia. Incontinence is rarely reported to medical professionals in Zambia, possibly due to a reluctance to disclose as a result of the stigma associated with the condition. Management and treatment of incontinence is subsequently limited, and both coping strategies and treatment received are determined by affordability and accessibility. If the global community is to achieve the Sustainable Development Goals of universal sanitation (Goal 6) and well-being (Goal 3), future studies and programmes on incontinence in Zambia will need to involve collaborations between WASH and health practitioners that investigate how to reduce the stigma associated with the condition and increase awareness, and how to improve the availability and af...","PeriodicalId":39265,"journal":{"name":"Waterlines","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48833078","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2018-07-01DOI: 10.3362/1756-3488.2018.37-3ED
R. Carter
Many people lack even basic services. Implementation of water and sanitation programmes, especially in rural areas, is mainly undertaken by (local) governments and NGOs – often supported directly or indirectly by international donors and NGOs. These implementing agencies and their partners are driven by their awareness of the numbers of people who are still not able to access even a basic level of service – around 844 million in the case of water, and 2.3 billion in the case of sanitation (data from JMP update 2017).
{"title":"Editorial: Why it’s not enough for local governments and NGOs to simply serve more people","authors":"R. Carter","doi":"10.3362/1756-3488.2018.37-3ED","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3362/1756-3488.2018.37-3ED","url":null,"abstract":"Many people lack even basic services. Implementation of water and sanitation programmes, especially in rural areas, is mainly undertaken by (local) governments and NGOs – often supported directly or indirectly by international donors and NGOs. These implementing agencies and their partners are driven by their awareness of the numbers of people who are still not able to access even a basic level of service – around 844 million in the case of water, and 2.3 billion in the case of sanitation (data from JMP update 2017).","PeriodicalId":39265,"journal":{"name":"Waterlines","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49197800","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2018-07-01DOI: 10.3362/1756-3488.17-00026
A. Pérez-Foguet, R. Giné-Garriga
Making decisions efficiently and equitably requires up-to-date and reliable information. In the water, sanitation, and hygiene sector, devolving decision-making to local governments is increasingly...
{"title":"Sampling in surveys with reduced populations: a simplified method for the water, sanitation, and hygiene sector","authors":"A. Pérez-Foguet, R. Giné-Garriga","doi":"10.3362/1756-3488.17-00026","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3362/1756-3488.17-00026","url":null,"abstract":"Making decisions efficiently and equitably requires up-to-date and reliable information. In the water, sanitation, and hygiene sector, devolving decision-making to local governments is increasingly...","PeriodicalId":39265,"journal":{"name":"Waterlines","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.3362/1756-3488.17-00026","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48933245","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2018-07-01DOI: 10.3362/1756-3488.18-00011
K. Grolle, J. Ensink, W. Gibson, B. Torondel, G. Zeeman
Pit latrines are the most common form of on-site sanitation, but are blighted by the problem of pit fill-up. Little is known about what factors and conditions affect decomposition of pit content and thus govern pit filling, but the liquid–mass balance is the key factor. Under laboratory conditions the effect of inorganic and biological additives and the effect of physical chemical factors on solids hydrolysis of black water and human faeces were investigated to establish the potential of these to extend pit latrine lifetime. Additives did little or nothing to enhance net solids hydrolysis in batch tests or to reduce pit fill height in miniature simulated pit latrines. Physical chemical factors such as redox condition and initial pH increased solids hydrolysis, whereas temperature and substrate moisture did little. Since additives need contact with the substrate to act, measurements on faeces crust formation speed and strength were performed and showed that crusts formed within three hours and persisted af...
{"title":"Efficiency of additives and internal physical chemical factors for pit latrine lifetime extension","authors":"K. Grolle, J. Ensink, W. Gibson, B. Torondel, G. Zeeman","doi":"10.3362/1756-3488.18-00011","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3362/1756-3488.18-00011","url":null,"abstract":"Pit latrines are the most common form of on-site sanitation, but are blighted by the problem of pit fill-up. Little is known about what factors and conditions affect decomposition of pit content and thus govern pit filling, but the liquid–mass balance is the key factor. Under laboratory conditions the effect of inorganic and biological additives and the effect of physical chemical factors on solids hydrolysis of black water and human faeces were investigated to establish the potential of these to extend pit latrine lifetime. Additives did little or nothing to enhance net solids hydrolysis in batch tests or to reduce pit fill height in miniature simulated pit latrines. Physical chemical factors such as redox condition and initial pH increased solids hydrolysis, whereas temperature and substrate moisture did little. Since additives need contact with the substrate to act, measurements on faeces crust formation speed and strength were performed and showed that crusts formed within three hours and persisted af...","PeriodicalId":39265,"journal":{"name":"Waterlines","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.3362/1756-3488.18-00011","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45847521","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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