Pub Date : 2018-10-09DOI: 10.31901/24566772.2018/12.04.569
A. Coleman
A congenital disorder (albinism) is characterized by a complete or partial absence of pigment in the skin, hair and eyes without effective counselling and education to the patients in Africa is of great concern. This paper investigated how people living with albinism are counseled and educated in South Africa. The study employed a case study approach in data collection. It was revealed that the number of trained genetic nurse counsellors in South Africa are few and this makes it extremely difficult for the counsellors to offer counselling support to albinos. Majority of the albinos travel long distances to city clinics for help. It was further discovered that almost ninety percent of both the counsellors and albinos own mobile or smart phones which can be used as a communication tool to counsel the albinos. However, this is not the case. The findings lead to the proposal of Genetic disorder counselling mobile phone platform – (GDCMPP) to enhance interaction between albinos and genetic nurse to improve education, and counselling services to the albinos.
{"title":"Genetic Disorder: Albinism Counselling Through a Mobile Phone Platform in Developing Countries","authors":"A. Coleman","doi":"10.31901/24566772.2018/12.04.569","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31901/24566772.2018/12.04.569","url":null,"abstract":"A congenital disorder (albinism) is characterized by a complete or partial absence of pigment in the skin, hair and eyes without effective counselling and education to the patients in Africa is of great concern. This paper investigated how people living with albinism are counseled and educated in South Africa. The study employed a case study approach in data collection. It was revealed that the number of trained genetic nurse counsellors in South Africa are few and this makes it extremely difficult for the counsellors to offer counselling support to albinos. Majority of the albinos travel long distances to city clinics for help. It was further discovered that almost ninety percent of both the counsellors and albinos own mobile or smart phones which can be used as a communication tool to counsel the albinos. However, this is not the case. The findings lead to the proposal of Genetic disorder counselling mobile phone platform – (GDCMPP) to enhance interaction between albinos and genetic nurse to improve education, and counselling services to the albinos.","PeriodicalId":39279,"journal":{"name":"Studies on Ethno-Medicine","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-10-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42820799","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2018-10-09DOI: 10.31901/24566772.2018/12.04.313
A. Mji
{"title":"Physiochemical and Microbiological Determination of Drinking Water from a Coal Mines’ Vicinity","authors":"A. Mji","doi":"10.31901/24566772.2018/12.04.313","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31901/24566772.2018/12.04.313","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":39279,"journal":{"name":"Studies on Ethno-Medicine","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-10-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48334016","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2018-09-08DOI: 10.31901/24566772.2018/12.4.565
G. Kaur
The present study envisaged to estimate prevalence of depressive symptoms and associated risk factors in 400 male subjects (200 old age home based subjects and 200 family based subjects) aged 60 years and above. Depressive symptoms were prevalent in 68.5 percent of old age home based subjects and 31.5 percent of family based subjects. Among the former, being normal weight (B=-1.22, p<0.01), overweight (B=-1.48, p=0.01) and higher educational status (B=-3.30, p<0.001) were associated negatively, while systolic blood pressure >120mmHg and having a male child (B=0.92, p=0.03) were associated positively with depressive symptoms. In family based subjects, being overweight (B=-1.98, p<0.001), obese (B=-1.73, p<0.01) and having a male child (B=-1.34, p<0.01) were associated negatively with depressive symptoms. Underweight male elderly were at highest risk of depressive symptoms. The association of having a male child with depressive symptoms pointed towards the importance of children support in later life. Address for correspondence: Ginjinder Kaur Assistant Professor Department of Human Genetics, Punjabi University Patiala, India E-mail: ginjinderkaur@gmail.com INTRODUCTION According to the India Census (2011), the percentage of elderly population above 60 years of age has gone up from six to eight percent during 1991 to 2011, and is projected to increase to twenty percent by 2050 (United Nations 2013). The states of Kerala, Goa, Tamil Nadu and Punjab had 12.6, 11.2, 10.4 and 10.3 percent of 60+ population respectively (BKPAI 2013). These four states account for the highest percentage of the elderly population. Singh (2001) studied the ageing trends in Punjab and found that the rate of growth of the 60 plus population (2.81%) in the state is higher than that for the general population (2.10%). Given to the higher growth of elderly population, the old age dependency ratio in Indian population increased from 2001 (13.1%) to 2011 (14.2%) (Central Statistics Office 2016). Depression among elderly population is a major health concern, causing adverse effects on their health. Worldwide, depression is the leading cause of ill health and disability, and it has highest prevalence in the older adults (5.5% in male elderly) and 4.4 percent of world population is suffering from depression, eighteen percent increase was observed in people with depression between 2005 and 2015 (WHO 2017). Depression is a common mental disorder that is associated with depressed mood, loss of interest or pleasure, feelings of guilt or low self-worth, disturbed sleep or appetite, low energy, and poor concentration (WHO 2017). For healthy ageing of the older adult, both psychological and physical wellness are equally important (Johnson et al. 2011). Depression is a leading cause of loss of productivity (Ebmeier et al. 2006) and physical disability among older adults (Lin and Wu 2011; Bowen and Ruch 2015). Elderly suffering from depressive symptoms were at increased risk of mortality (Ed
{"title":"Depressive Symptoms in the Ageing Male Population Residing in Old Age Homes and with their Families in Punjab State","authors":"G. Kaur","doi":"10.31901/24566772.2018/12.4.565","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31901/24566772.2018/12.4.565","url":null,"abstract":"The present study envisaged to estimate prevalence of depressive symptoms and associated risk factors in 400 male subjects (200 old age home based subjects and 200 family based subjects) aged 60 years and above. Depressive symptoms were prevalent in 68.5 percent of old age home based subjects and 31.5 percent of family based subjects. Among the former, being normal weight (B=-1.22, p<0.01), overweight (B=-1.48, p=0.01) and higher educational status (B=-3.30, p<0.001) were associated negatively, while systolic blood pressure >120mmHg and having a male child (B=0.92, p=0.03) were associated positively with depressive symptoms. In family based subjects, being overweight (B=-1.98, p<0.001), obese (B=-1.73, p<0.01) and having a male child (B=-1.34, p<0.01) were associated negatively with depressive symptoms. Underweight male elderly were at highest risk of depressive symptoms. The association of having a male child with depressive symptoms pointed towards the importance of children support in later life. Address for correspondence: Ginjinder Kaur Assistant Professor Department of Human Genetics, Punjabi University Patiala, India E-mail: ginjinderkaur@gmail.com INTRODUCTION According to the India Census (2011), the percentage of elderly population above 60 years of age has gone up from six to eight percent during 1991 to 2011, and is projected to increase to twenty percent by 2050 (United Nations 2013). The states of Kerala, Goa, Tamil Nadu and Punjab had 12.6, 11.2, 10.4 and 10.3 percent of 60+ population respectively (BKPAI 2013). These four states account for the highest percentage of the elderly population. Singh (2001) studied the ageing trends in Punjab and found that the rate of growth of the 60 plus population (2.81%) in the state is higher than that for the general population (2.10%). Given to the higher growth of elderly population, the old age dependency ratio in Indian population increased from 2001 (13.1%) to 2011 (14.2%) (Central Statistics Office 2016). Depression among elderly population is a major health concern, causing adverse effects on their health. Worldwide, depression is the leading cause of ill health and disability, and it has highest prevalence in the older adults (5.5% in male elderly) and 4.4 percent of world population is suffering from depression, eighteen percent increase was observed in people with depression between 2005 and 2015 (WHO 2017). Depression is a common mental disorder that is associated with depressed mood, loss of interest or pleasure, feelings of guilt or low self-worth, disturbed sleep or appetite, low energy, and poor concentration (WHO 2017). For healthy ageing of the older adult, both psychological and physical wellness are equally important (Johnson et al. 2011). Depression is a leading cause of loss of productivity (Ebmeier et al. 2006) and physical disability among older adults (Lin and Wu 2011; Bowen and Ruch 2015). Elderly suffering from depressive symptoms were at increased risk of mortality (Ed","PeriodicalId":39279,"journal":{"name":"Studies on Ethno-Medicine","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-09-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46813056","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2018-07-09DOI: 10.31901/24566772.2018/12.03.453
N. Gunes
This pilot study for Turkey consisted of two parts. In the first part of the study Animal Assisted Therapy (AAT) team visited nursing home residents once a week for six weeks. In the second part of the study, children with mental retardation visited the Uludag University Veterinary Faculty Farm once a week for six weeks and cooperated with AAT team. Salivary samples were taken before and after the 15 minute AAT sessions from participants. According to the results of this study except the last week of elderly group (p<0.05), there is no statistically significant change in both parts but it can be said that AAT applications decrease the stress levels of older adults and children with mental retardation and more research is needed in this area with large sample size. *Address for correspondence: Nazmiye Gunes Uludag University, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Department of Biochemistry Telephone: +90 224 2941282, Fax: +90 224 2941202, E-mail: ngunes@uludag.edu.tr INTRODUCTION During the twentieth century the proportion of older persons continued to rise and this trend is expected to continue into the twenty-first century. For example, the proportion of older persons was eight percent in 1950 and ten percent in 2000, and is projected to reach twenty-one percent in 2050. Such rapid growth will require far-reaching economic, social and health adjustments in most countries (Anonymous 2014a). Over the last two decades, the percentage of elderly persons in Turkey in relation with the rest of the world has increased. The considerable growth in the elderly population in Turkey has brought with it problems as well as concerns and represent a major challenge in setting new policies regarding these persons and their needs. Researchers have begun to recognize the importance of the human-animal bond for older adults (Anonymous 2013). This has led to a rise in the number of programs that use animals to improve the lives of nursing home residents. Pet attachment was found to be related to decreased levels of depressive symptoms among older adults. Researchers have begun to recognize the relaxing effect of pet attachment for older adults (Cherniack and Cherniack 2014; Ludqvist et al. 2017). On the other hand there are 1 million 100 thousand disabled children between the age of 4-18 in Turkey. Forty-five thousand of them have vision, 130 thousand of them have hearing, 500 thousand of them have mentally, 300 thousand of them have moving disablity. The education and social support for these children is insufficient (Anonymous 2014b) . Equine therapy is being used on a global scale with 650 centers in the United States to treat children with an array of disabilities (Lane 2007). In addition to the physical benefits of equine therapy, there are also social emotional and cognitive benefits that have been observed with increased self-esteem, confidence, and communication (Meregillano 2004). Mental retardation is also one of the areas of application of equine therapy. Ther
{"title":"The Effects of Animal Assisted Therapy Applications on Salivary Cortizol","authors":"N. Gunes","doi":"10.31901/24566772.2018/12.03.453","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31901/24566772.2018/12.03.453","url":null,"abstract":"This pilot study for Turkey consisted of two parts. In the first part of the study Animal Assisted Therapy (AAT) team visited nursing home residents once a week for six weeks. In the second part of the study, children with mental retardation visited the Uludag University Veterinary Faculty Farm once a week for six weeks and cooperated with AAT team. Salivary samples were taken before and after the 15 minute AAT sessions from participants. According to the results of this study except the last week of elderly group (p<0.05), there is no statistically significant change in both parts but it can be said that AAT applications decrease the stress levels of older adults and children with mental retardation and more research is needed in this area with large sample size. *Address for correspondence: Nazmiye Gunes Uludag University, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Department of Biochemistry Telephone: +90 224 2941282, Fax: +90 224 2941202, E-mail: ngunes@uludag.edu.tr INTRODUCTION During the twentieth century the proportion of older persons continued to rise and this trend is expected to continue into the twenty-first century. For example, the proportion of older persons was eight percent in 1950 and ten percent in 2000, and is projected to reach twenty-one percent in 2050. Such rapid growth will require far-reaching economic, social and health adjustments in most countries (Anonymous 2014a). Over the last two decades, the percentage of elderly persons in Turkey in relation with the rest of the world has increased. The considerable growth in the elderly population in Turkey has brought with it problems as well as concerns and represent a major challenge in setting new policies regarding these persons and their needs. Researchers have begun to recognize the importance of the human-animal bond for older adults (Anonymous 2013). This has led to a rise in the number of programs that use animals to improve the lives of nursing home residents. Pet attachment was found to be related to decreased levels of depressive symptoms among older adults. Researchers have begun to recognize the relaxing effect of pet attachment for older adults (Cherniack and Cherniack 2014; Ludqvist et al. 2017). On the other hand there are 1 million 100 thousand disabled children between the age of 4-18 in Turkey. Forty-five thousand of them have vision, 130 thousand of them have hearing, 500 thousand of them have mentally, 300 thousand of them have moving disablity. The education and social support for these children is insufficient (Anonymous 2014b) . Equine therapy is being used on a global scale with 650 centers in the United States to treat children with an array of disabilities (Lane 2007). In addition to the physical benefits of equine therapy, there are also social emotional and cognitive benefits that have been observed with increased self-esteem, confidence, and communication (Meregillano 2004). Mental retardation is also one of the areas of application of equine therapy. Ther","PeriodicalId":39279,"journal":{"name":"Studies on Ethno-Medicine","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-07-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44362923","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2018-07-09DOI: 10.31901/24566772.2018/12.03.530
Vineeta, N. Pala, G. Shukla, S. Chakravarty
ABSTRACT The state of West Bengal is on the eastern bottleneck of India. It is rich with high value medicinal plants on which a large number of communities depend for their medicinal needs. The present documentation has gathered information from published literature on plant based traditional medicine used by the dependent communities along with their traditional way of treating different stomach related diseases/disorders recorded from different regions of the state. The researchers found a total of 118 plant species which were used to treat different stomach diseases/disorders. Tree species dominated the list. Leaves/foliage of 44 species was dominantly used followed by roots. Common stomach diseases/disorders treated were dysentery, ulcer and stomach ache. Administration of medicine was either oral or external in the form of infusion, decoction, paste and latex either as a sole formulation or in combination with other species. The collected evidence/data can be useful to scientific community for further evaluation and recommendations to the practicing communities.
{"title":"Traditionally Used Medicinal Plants for Treatment of Stomach Disorder in West Bengal, India: A Scrutiny and Analysis from Secondary Literature","authors":"Vineeta, N. Pala, G. Shukla, S. Chakravarty","doi":"10.31901/24566772.2018/12.03.530","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31901/24566772.2018/12.03.530","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT The state of West Bengal is on the eastern bottleneck of India. It is rich with high value medicinal plants on which a large number of communities depend for their medicinal needs. The present documentation has gathered information from published literature on plant based traditional medicine used by the dependent communities along with their traditional way of treating different stomach related diseases/disorders recorded from different regions of the state. The researchers found a total of 118 plant species which were used to treat different stomach diseases/disorders. Tree species dominated the list. Leaves/foliage of 44 species was dominantly used followed by roots. Common stomach diseases/disorders treated were dysentery, ulcer and stomach ache. Administration of medicine was either oral or external in the form of infusion, decoction, paste and latex either as a sole formulation or in combination with other species. The collected evidence/data can be useful to scientific community for further evaluation and recommendations to the practicing communities.","PeriodicalId":39279,"journal":{"name":"Studies on Ethno-Medicine","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-07-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44881197","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2018-07-09DOI: 10.31901/24566772.2018/12.03.555
L. B. Mateu
In recent years there has been an increase in childhood obesity worldwide. Chile has not been oblivious to this problem, considered among the countries with higher incidence. Arica, an extreme region of Chile, borders Bolivia and Peru, has a great ethnic diversity predominating Aymara. The inhabitants of Arica have experienced adaptations to urban lifestyles, carrying out modifications corporal. For this motive is necessary to evaluate the body composition and the somatotype in Aymara children of the Arica commune. A non-experimental, descriptive, cross-sectional study was carried out under a quantitative exploratory analysis of variables evaluating 170 Aymara children between 8 and 10 years of age. The main results classify children as overweight, showing a mesoendomorphic somatotype and endo-mesomorphic girls, with a greater tendency to obesity in girls than in boys. Address for correspondence: Luis A Barrio Mateu Dirección: Ofragia 65, Residencial Las Palmas 2, Arica, Chile, CP: 1000000 Telephone: +56985536027 E-mail: lbm170161@gmail.com INTRODUCTION It has been proven in recent years that the increase of obesity in children runs parallel to the behavior in adulthood. There seems to be an inexorable tendency to increase weight in the child population, to the point that there is a talk of a real epidemic. Obesity today has become manifest at the international level, and this scourge has likewise affected Chile. According to the results of Sistema de System of Measurement of the Quality of Education (SIMCE) of Physical Education, made to children of educational establishments in 2016, they announced that there is an increase in obesity and a cardiovascular and metabolic risk (Physical Education SIMCE 2016; World Health Organization 2014). There are many factors influencing obesity, including the impact of globalization, family and social lifestyles, lack of information regarding sound approaches to nutrition, the limited availability, and affordability of healthy foods, which contribute to aggravate the problem (De Ruiter et al. 2017). The region of Arica and Parinacota, an extreme area in Chile, has a population of different ethnic origins and diverse nationalities, being Aymara a large population, inhabiting, not only in the rural and peripheral localities, but, in the commune of Arica. These populations have been acquiring urban lifestyles, not knowing how these styles have influenced their anthropometric characteristics. Therefore, it would be interesting to carry out cineanthropometrical evaluations in these populations to determine the obesity index in the population of the Arica commune, considering the cultural diversity of the region. This has inspired the researchers to develop the present research, for which the following objectives have been outlined.
近年来，全球儿童肥胖人数有所增加。智利并没有忽视这一问题，被认为是发病率较高的国家之一。非洲是智利的一个极端地区，与玻利维亚和秘鲁接壤，拥有以艾马拉族为主的多种民族。非洲的居民经历了对城市生活方式的适应，进行了身体上的改造。因为这个动机是必要的，以评估身体组成和体型的艾马拉儿童的非洲公社。在定量探索性分析变量的基础上，对170名8至10岁的艾马拉儿童进行了一项非实验性、描述性、横断面研究。主要结果将儿童划分为超重，显示出中内向型的体型和内内向型的女孩，女孩比男孩更容易肥胖。通信地址:Luis A Barrio Mateu Dirección: Ofragia 65, residence Las Palmas 2, Arica, Chile, CP: 1000000电话:+56985536027 E-mail: lbm170161@gmail.com引言近年来已经证明，儿童肥胖的增加与成人的行为是平行的。儿童体重增加似乎是一种不可阻挡的趋势，以至于有人说这是一种真正的流行病。肥胖问题今天已在国际一级变得明显，这一祸害同样影响到智利。根据2016年对教育机构儿童进行的体育教育质量测量系统(SIMCE)的结果，他们宣布肥胖和心血管和代谢风险增加(Physical Education SIMCE 2016;世界卫生组织(2014年)。影响肥胖的因素有很多，包括全球化的影响、家庭和社会生活方式、缺乏有关合理营养方法的信息、健康食品的有限可用性和可负担性，这些因素都加剧了问题(De Ruiter et al. 2017)。阿里卡和帕里纳科塔地区是智利的一个极端地区，拥有不同种族和不同民族的人口，其中艾马拉人人口众多，不仅居住在农村和周边地区，而且居住在阿里卡公社。这些人口一直在获得城市生活方式，不知道这些方式如何影响他们的人体测量特征。因此，考虑到该地区的文化多样性，在这些人群中进行电影人体测量评估以确定非洲公社人口的肥胖指数将是有趣的。这激发了研究人员开展目前的研究，为此概述了以下目标。
{"title":"\"Evaluation of Obesity and Overweight in Children Aymaras of the Province of Arica, Chile\"","authors":"L. B. Mateu","doi":"10.31901/24566772.2018/12.03.555","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31901/24566772.2018/12.03.555","url":null,"abstract":"In recent years there has been an increase in childhood obesity worldwide. Chile has not been oblivious to this problem, considered among the countries with higher incidence. Arica, an extreme region of Chile, borders Bolivia and Peru, has a great ethnic diversity predominating Aymara. The inhabitants of Arica have experienced adaptations to urban lifestyles, carrying out modifications corporal. For this motive is necessary to evaluate the body composition and the somatotype in Aymara children of the Arica commune. A non-experimental, descriptive, cross-sectional study was carried out under a quantitative exploratory analysis of variables evaluating 170 Aymara children between 8 and 10 years of age. The main results classify children as overweight, showing a mesoendomorphic somatotype and endo-mesomorphic girls, with a greater tendency to obesity in girls than in boys. Address for correspondence: Luis A Barrio Mateu Dirección: Ofragia 65, Residencial Las Palmas 2, Arica, Chile, CP: 1000000 Telephone: +56985536027 E-mail: lbm170161@gmail.com INTRODUCTION It has been proven in recent years that the increase of obesity in children runs parallel to the behavior in adulthood. There seems to be an inexorable tendency to increase weight in the child population, to the point that there is a talk of a real epidemic. Obesity today has become manifest at the international level, and this scourge has likewise affected Chile. According to the results of Sistema de System of Measurement of the Quality of Education (SIMCE) of Physical Education, made to children of educational establishments in 2016, they announced that there is an increase in obesity and a cardiovascular and metabolic risk (Physical Education SIMCE 2016; World Health Organization 2014). There are many factors influencing obesity, including the impact of globalization, family and social lifestyles, lack of information regarding sound approaches to nutrition, the limited availability, and affordability of healthy foods, which contribute to aggravate the problem (De Ruiter et al. 2017). The region of Arica and Parinacota, an extreme area in Chile, has a population of different ethnic origins and diverse nationalities, being Aymara a large population, inhabiting, not only in the rural and peripheral localities, but, in the commune of Arica. These populations have been acquiring urban lifestyles, not knowing how these styles have influenced their anthropometric characteristics. Therefore, it would be interesting to carry out cineanthropometrical evaluations in these populations to determine the obesity index in the population of the Arica commune, considering the cultural diversity of the region. This has inspired the researchers to develop the present research, for which the following objectives have been outlined.","PeriodicalId":39279,"journal":{"name":"Studies on Ethno-Medicine","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-07-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43465700","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2018-07-09DOI: 10.31901/24566772.2018/12.03.558
Khima Nand Balodi
The Jaad Bhotiya tribal community of Bhagirathi valley is known for their transhumance practices in Uttarakhand. The present paper is the result of a preliminary investigation, which was conducted to understand the traditional healthcare practices and use of plant species in various remedies by the Jaad people. A total 39 plant species are documented to be used in traditional medicine which revealed that the indigenous knowledge system still serves effectively for the well-being of the Jaad community. However, the knowledge was limited to older generation while the younger ones remain deprived of such knowledge. It was also found that various medicinal plants species are less abundant than earlier in the region which is believed due to the ever-increasing anthropogenic drivers and impacts of climate change. The current utilization pattern and limited transfer of knowledge are disparaging to the sustainability of plant resource in the region and indigenous system for human well-being. *Address for correspondence: E-mail: kusumdoon@gmail.com INTRODUCTION Traditional Knowledge System (TKS) is unique among the indigenous communities across the globe. Use of flora and fauna in traditional medicine has been much fascinating among all these knowledge systems, as are distinct in different ethnic communities (Uniyal and Shiva 2005). As per the World Health Organization (WHO 2002), about eighty percent of the world population depends on indigenous medicine. The population in rural and remote hilly terrains are more dependent than others on traditional medicine systems especially based on plant resources (Dhar et al. 2002), used for prevention, diagnosis, and treatment of various physical and mental ailments. However, these practices are much prevalent among tribal communities, especially in India where over 53 million tribal people belong to about 550 communities of 227 ethnic groups (Nautiyal et al. 2000; Phondani et al. 2009). The Indian Himalayan Region (IHR) is inhabited by more than 175 schedule tribes with about 18.5 percent of the total tribal population of India (Negi and Kandari 2017). The tribal communities of Uttarakhand such as Bhotiya, Jaunsari, Tharu, Raji, Buxas, and others, having unique socio-cultural heritage, languages, and TKS of life and livelihood, play an important role in their survival (Samal and Dhyani 2010; Negi and Kandari 2017; Nautiyal 2017). These communities largely depend on forests and other natural resources based TKS for their sustenance including food, fodder, medicine and other livelihood options (Maikhuri et al. 2000; Kala 2005; Bhatt et al. 2013). However, traditional healthcare practices based on plant and animal resources have enriched their indigenous identity. Over the time, inadequate documentation of indigenous knowledge system and limited transfer or handing it over to the younger generations has drawn the attention of scientist and policymakers toward its preservation (Samal and Dhyani 2010). Thus, documentat
{"title":"Ethno-Medicinal Uses of Various Plants Species among the Jaad Bhotiya Community of Uttarakhand, Western Himalaya","authors":"Khima Nand Balodi","doi":"10.31901/24566772.2018/12.03.558","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31901/24566772.2018/12.03.558","url":null,"abstract":"The Jaad Bhotiya tribal community of Bhagirathi valley is known for their transhumance practices in Uttarakhand. The present paper is the result of a preliminary investigation, which was conducted to understand the traditional healthcare practices and use of plant species in various remedies by the Jaad people. A total 39 plant species are documented to be used in traditional medicine which revealed that the indigenous knowledge system still serves effectively for the well-being of the Jaad community. However, the knowledge was limited to older generation while the younger ones remain deprived of such knowledge. It was also found that various medicinal plants species are less abundant than earlier in the region which is believed due to the ever-increasing anthropogenic drivers and impacts of climate change. The current utilization pattern and limited transfer of knowledge are disparaging to the sustainability of plant resource in the region and indigenous system for human well-being. *Address for correspondence: E-mail: kusumdoon@gmail.com INTRODUCTION Traditional Knowledge System (TKS) is unique among the indigenous communities across the globe. Use of flora and fauna in traditional medicine has been much fascinating among all these knowledge systems, as are distinct in different ethnic communities (Uniyal and Shiva 2005). As per the World Health Organization (WHO 2002), about eighty percent of the world population depends on indigenous medicine. The population in rural and remote hilly terrains are more dependent than others on traditional medicine systems especially based on plant resources (Dhar et al. 2002), used for prevention, diagnosis, and treatment of various physical and mental ailments. However, these practices are much prevalent among tribal communities, especially in India where over 53 million tribal people belong to about 550 communities of 227 ethnic groups (Nautiyal et al. 2000; Phondani et al. 2009). The Indian Himalayan Region (IHR) is inhabited by more than 175 schedule tribes with about 18.5 percent of the total tribal population of India (Negi and Kandari 2017). The tribal communities of Uttarakhand such as Bhotiya, Jaunsari, Tharu, Raji, Buxas, and others, having unique socio-cultural heritage, languages, and TKS of life and livelihood, play an important role in their survival (Samal and Dhyani 2010; Negi and Kandari 2017; Nautiyal 2017). These communities largely depend on forests and other natural resources based TKS for their sustenance including food, fodder, medicine and other livelihood options (Maikhuri et al. 2000; Kala 2005; Bhatt et al. 2013). However, traditional healthcare practices based on plant and animal resources have enriched their indigenous identity. Over the time, inadequate documentation of indigenous knowledge system and limited transfer or handing it over to the younger generations has drawn the attention of scientist and policymakers toward its preservation (Samal and Dhyani 2010). Thus, documentat","PeriodicalId":39279,"journal":{"name":"Studies on Ethno-Medicine","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-07-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48393840","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2018-07-09DOI: 10.31901/24566772.2018/12.03.562
Dayneri León Valladares
{"title":"“Combined Physical Exercise Program for People with High Blood Pressure Living In the Region of Arica, Chile\"","authors":"Dayneri León Valladares","doi":"10.31901/24566772.2018/12.03.562","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31901/24566772.2018/12.03.562","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":39279,"journal":{"name":"Studies on Ethno-Medicine","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-07-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48358698","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2018-07-09DOI: 10.31901/24566772.2018/12.03.561
Dayneri León Valladares
Ultrasound in recent years has been shown to be a valuable study; however, it is necessary to carry out research that highlights the use of this method in order to identify predisposing factors for osteoarthritis, as well as to have a classification that allows determining the phase in which the disease is currently.The research proposes to determine the effectiveness of the ultrasound for the diagnosis and monitoring of osteoarthritis. The study was made non-experimental, cross-sectional, descriptive, evaluating 100 subjects in both lower limbs. The predisposing findings found were misalignment of the extensor mechanism and the presence of undiagnosed lesions. The damages most frequent related to osteoarthritis were: thinning and irregularity of articular cartilage and cortical bone, synovitis, marginal osteophytes; concluding that the technological advances in ultrasound allow to show initial degenerative changes and we can visualize predisposing factors for this condition. *Address for correspondence: Dayneri León Valladares Ofragia 65, Las Palmas II, Arica, Chile Phone:+56951966235 E-mail:daynerileon1@gmail.com INTRODUCTION Osteoarthritis (OA) is a chronic degenerative joint disease, which has as its main characteristics, a degeneration progressive and loss of articular cartilage, subchondral bone, and involvement of synovial tissue, associated with changes in the peri-articular soft tissues (Mobasheri et al. 2017).With aging, the joint tissues are made less resistant to wear and begin to manifest as swelling, pain, and in many cases, loss of mobility of the joints. Changes occur in the soft tissues of the joints and the bones. This disease may correspond to a hereditary manifestation or inadequate habits during life. Osteoarthritis is one of the diseases benefited in its diagnosis by technological advances. In particular, the ultrasound (US) is gaining ground between other diagnostic imaging techniques in the study of osteoarthritis. Due to the high resolution shown, it can detect minimal alterations in the three articular structures predominantly affected by osteoarthritis: articular cartilage, synovial membrane, and subchondral bone (Vlychou et al. 2009). Cetina (2017) emphasizes that ultrasound allows the detection and quantification of joint effusion, the presence of thickening of the synovium and small bone erosions, although these cannot be visible by conventional radiography. He says that this means of diagnosis allows adequate evaluation of peri-articular and extra-articular structures such as tenosynovitis, calcifications, cysts, among others. The research carried out by Podlipská et al. (2017) point that the sonographic study allows identify the changes in the structure of the articular cartilage in patients with osteoarthritis. In addition, they make reference to the relationship between these changes and the presence of accompanying clinical manifestations. Acevedo et al. (2012) demonstrated in their study that before the appeara
{"title":"Advantages of the Ultrasound Study for the Diagnosis of Osteoarthritis in the Knee, Ankle and Foot","authors":"Dayneri León Valladares","doi":"10.31901/24566772.2018/12.03.561","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31901/24566772.2018/12.03.561","url":null,"abstract":"Ultrasound in recent years has been shown to be a valuable study; however, it is necessary to carry out research that highlights the use of this method in order to identify predisposing factors for osteoarthritis, as well as to have a classification that allows determining the phase in which the disease is currently.The research proposes to determine the effectiveness of the ultrasound for the diagnosis and monitoring of osteoarthritis. The study was made non-experimental, cross-sectional, descriptive, evaluating 100 subjects in both lower limbs. The predisposing findings found were misalignment of the extensor mechanism and the presence of undiagnosed lesions. The damages most frequent related to osteoarthritis were: thinning and irregularity of articular cartilage and cortical bone, synovitis, marginal osteophytes; concluding that the technological advances in ultrasound allow to show initial degenerative changes and we can visualize predisposing factors for this condition. *Address for correspondence: Dayneri León Valladares Ofragia 65, Las Palmas II, Arica, Chile Phone:+56951966235 E-mail:daynerileon1@gmail.com INTRODUCTION Osteoarthritis (OA) is a chronic degenerative joint disease, which has as its main characteristics, a degeneration progressive and loss of articular cartilage, subchondral bone, and involvement of synovial tissue, associated with changes in the peri-articular soft tissues (Mobasheri et al. 2017).With aging, the joint tissues are made less resistant to wear and begin to manifest as swelling, pain, and in many cases, loss of mobility of the joints. Changes occur in the soft tissues of the joints and the bones. This disease may correspond to a hereditary manifestation or inadequate habits during life. Osteoarthritis is one of the diseases benefited in its diagnosis by technological advances. In particular, the ultrasound (US) is gaining ground between other diagnostic imaging techniques in the study of osteoarthritis. Due to the high resolution shown, it can detect minimal alterations in the three articular structures predominantly affected by osteoarthritis: articular cartilage, synovial membrane, and subchondral bone (Vlychou et al. 2009). Cetina (2017) emphasizes that ultrasound allows the detection and quantification of joint effusion, the presence of thickening of the synovium and small bone erosions, although these cannot be visible by conventional radiography. He says that this means of diagnosis allows adequate evaluation of peri-articular and extra-articular structures such as tenosynovitis, calcifications, cysts, among others. The research carried out by Podlipská et al. (2017) point that the sonographic study allows identify the changes in the structure of the articular cartilage in patients with osteoarthritis. In addition, they make reference to the relationship between these changes and the presence of accompanying clinical manifestations. Acevedo et al. (2012) demonstrated in their study that before the appeara","PeriodicalId":39279,"journal":{"name":"Studies on Ethno-Medicine","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-07-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46500311","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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