Pub Date : 2021-09-01DOI: 10.1027/1192-5604/a000142
F. Aschieri, Giulia Pascarella
Abstract. In 2004, Grønnerød conducted a meta-analysis on the use of the Rorschach Test to detect change in psychotherapy. Results showed which Rorschach variables were associated with change in clients, and to what extent. The purpose of this study was to update the picture from the year of publication of the previous meta-analysis until 2019. A systematic review of the literature was carried out, including 17 studies of relevance to this research. Results showed that the Rorschach Test captures the changes in patients after psychotherapy, particularly when treatment is tailored to the unique needs of clients. We describe the limitations of the studies included in this systematic review and propose strategies to increase the effectiveness of using the Rorschach to evaluate treatment outcome.
{"title":"A Systematic Narrative Review of Evaluating Change in Psychotherapy With the Rorschach Test","authors":"F. Aschieri, Giulia Pascarella","doi":"10.1027/1192-5604/a000142","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1027/1192-5604/a000142","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract. In 2004, Grønnerød conducted a meta-analysis on the use of the Rorschach Test to detect change in psychotherapy. Results showed which Rorschach variables were associated with change in clients, and to what extent. The purpose of this study was to update the picture from the year of publication of the previous meta-analysis until 2019. A systematic review of the literature was carried out, including 17 studies of relevance to this research. Results showed that the Rorschach Test captures the changes in patients after psychotherapy, particularly when treatment is tailored to the unique needs of clients. We describe the limitations of the studies included in this systematic review and propose strategies to increase the effectiveness of using the Rorschach to evaluate treatment outcome.","PeriodicalId":39365,"journal":{"name":"Rorschachiana","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"75996358","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-09-01DOI: 10.1027/1192-5604/a000134
C. de Ruiter
Abstract. Over the years, a significant number of Rorschach studies have been conducted with forensic adult and adolescent samples, partly motivated by the use of the test in forensic psychological evaluations. Could the Rorschach, as a performance-based personality assessment tool, provide unique information that is not as vulnerable to distortion on the part of the examinee as self-report measures are? This article provides a review of Rorschach studies on relevant Rorschach variables, including those with different forensic samples. Empirical findings are mixed; there is not a one-on-one relationship between certain Rorschach variables and forensically relevant traits, such as psychopathy or hostility. This does not mean the Rorschach cannot provide useful information in answering psychological questions before the court. A case illustration of a male college student, who committed a (first) violent offense, illustrates the unique contribution of the Rorschach for understanding the psychological dynamics behind a violent act that was seemingly out of character.
{"title":"The Rorschach and Violent Crime","authors":"C. de Ruiter","doi":"10.1027/1192-5604/a000134","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1027/1192-5604/a000134","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract. Over the years, a significant number of Rorschach studies have been conducted with forensic adult and adolescent samples, partly motivated by the use of the test in forensic psychological evaluations. Could the Rorschach, as a performance-based personality assessment tool, provide unique information that is not as vulnerable to distortion on the part of the examinee as self-report measures are? This article provides a review of Rorschach studies on relevant Rorschach variables, including those with different forensic samples. Empirical findings are mixed; there is not a one-on-one relationship between certain Rorschach variables and forensically relevant traits, such as psychopathy or hostility. This does not mean the Rorschach cannot provide useful information in answering psychological questions before the court. A case illustration of a male college student, who committed a (first) violent offense, illustrates the unique contribution of the Rorschach for understanding the psychological dynamics behind a violent act that was seemingly out of character.","PeriodicalId":39365,"journal":{"name":"Rorschachiana","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"75554161","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-09-01DOI: 10.1027/1192-5604/a000133
N. Kaser-Boyd
Abstract. Early research on trauma employing the Rorschach found it to be an ideal instrument, with its red, black, gray, and vibrant colors, to elicit trauma content. Two patterns of Rorschach responses emerged: the constricted pattern, where the evaluee kept to a form-based, avoidant approach to the blot, as if defending against the memories of the trauma, and a flooded pattern, where morbid and aggressive images paralleled that of psychosis. The Rorschach as an instrument continues to demonstrate high sensitivity to the experience of trauma, and research since 2005 has added complexity and additional validation for the use of the Rorschach in the evaluation of the effects of trauma.
{"title":"The Rorschach and Trauma – An Update","authors":"N. Kaser-Boyd","doi":"10.1027/1192-5604/a000133","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1027/1192-5604/a000133","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract. Early research on trauma employing the Rorschach found it to be an ideal instrument, with its red, black, gray, and vibrant colors, to elicit trauma content. Two patterns of Rorschach responses emerged: the constricted pattern, where the evaluee kept to a form-based, avoidant approach to the blot, as if defending against the memories of the trauma, and a flooded pattern, where morbid and aggressive images paralleled that of psychosis. The Rorschach as an instrument continues to demonstrate high sensitivity to the experience of trauma, and research since 2005 has added complexity and additional validation for the use of the Rorschach in the evaluation of the effects of trauma.","PeriodicalId":39365,"journal":{"name":"Rorschachiana","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"80899284","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-09-01DOI: 10.1027/1192-5604/a000148
K. Meskanen, Massimiliano Pucci
{"title":"A Commentary on “Eating Disorders and the Rorschach” (Guinzbourg de Braude et al., 2021)","authors":"K. Meskanen, Massimiliano Pucci","doi":"10.1027/1192-5604/a000148","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1027/1192-5604/a000148","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":39365,"journal":{"name":"Rorschachiana","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"83086436","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-09-01DOI: 10.1027/1192-5604/a000145
L. Boyette, A. Noordhof
{"title":"A Commentary on “Developments in the Rorschach Assessment of Disordered Thinking and Communication” (Kleiger & Mihura, 2021)","authors":"L. Boyette, A. Noordhof","doi":"10.1027/1192-5604/a000145","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1027/1192-5604/a000145","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":39365,"journal":{"name":"Rorschachiana","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"72589717","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-09-01DOI: 10.1027/1192-5604/a000147
K. Jimura, Tomoki Asari, N. Nakamura
Abstract. Recent progress in neuroscience has made it possible to use neurophysiological techniques to validate and deepen the interpretation of Rorschach variables. The aim of this article is to review the results from Rorschach studies using the neurophysiological approach to discuss the consistencies and inconsistencies between the different results, and then to consider the future direction of Rorschach research in this area. We also provide unpublished data to complement the picture from peer-reviewed studies. Two main approaches to neuropsychological studies on the Rorschach exist. One approach is to measure brain activities directly during the Rorschach administration; a series of studies using multiple neurophysiological methods revealed activation of the mirror neuron system with relation to human movement responses. Another possible approach is to investigate whether individual differences in Rorschach scores can be explained by neurophysiological measurements during the administration of another psychological task. This article reviews how these two approaches provide novel insights into the Rorschach Test.
{"title":"Can Neuroscience Provide a New Foundation for the Rorschach Variables?","authors":"K. Jimura, Tomoki Asari, N. Nakamura","doi":"10.1027/1192-5604/a000147","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1027/1192-5604/a000147","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract. Recent progress in neuroscience has made it possible to use neurophysiological techniques to validate and deepen the interpretation of Rorschach variables. The aim of this article is to review the results from Rorschach studies using the neurophysiological approach to discuss the consistencies and inconsistencies between the different results, and then to consider the future direction of Rorschach research in this area. We also provide unpublished data to complement the picture from peer-reviewed studies. Two main approaches to neuropsychological studies on the Rorschach exist. One approach is to measure brain activities directly during the Rorschach administration; a series of studies using multiple neurophysiological methods revealed activation of the mirror neuron system with relation to human movement responses. Another possible approach is to investigate whether individual differences in Rorschach scores can be explained by neurophysiological measurements during the administration of another psychological task. This article reviews how these two approaches provide novel insights into the Rorschach Test.","PeriodicalId":39365,"journal":{"name":"Rorschachiana","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"72969867","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-03-18DOI: 10.1027/1192-5604/A000138
D. Fouques, Dana Castro, M. Mouret, Tristan Le Chevanton
Abstract. The administration process of the Rorschach test is of utmost importance as it influences both the coding and the interpretative procedures. Performing it appropriately requires complex skills, knowledge, and solid training. The aim of the study is to describe students’ interests in and difficulties with administering the Rorschach (Comprehensive System) for the first time. A two-phase methodology, including an analysis of questionnaire responses followed by a study of students’ written narratives, using Iramuteq textual analysis software, was implemented with two different samples of third-year undergraduates (including 63 and 253 participants, respectively), recruited from a French psychology school. Our results show that students have a strong interest in understanding the test and wish to use it in their future practice. When administering the Rorschach for the first time, students find it difficult to cope with the complexity of the procedures at a technical, emotional, and relational level.
{"title":"Teaching the Rorschach Comprehensive System","authors":"D. Fouques, Dana Castro, M. Mouret, Tristan Le Chevanton","doi":"10.1027/1192-5604/A000138","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1027/1192-5604/A000138","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract. The administration process of the Rorschach test is of utmost importance as it influences both the coding and the interpretative procedures. Performing it appropriately requires complex skills, knowledge, and solid training. The aim of the study is to describe students’ interests in and difficulties with administering the Rorschach (Comprehensive System) for the first time. A two-phase methodology, including an analysis of questionnaire responses followed by a study of students’ written narratives, using Iramuteq textual analysis software, was implemented with two different samples of third-year undergraduates (including 63 and 253 participants, respectively), recruited from a French psychology school. Our results show that students have a strong interest in understanding the test and wish to use it in their future practice. When administering the Rorschach for the first time, students find it difficult to cope with the complexity of the procedures at a technical, emotional, and relational level.","PeriodicalId":39365,"journal":{"name":"Rorschachiana","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-03-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"81955896","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2019-12-01DOI: 10.1027/1192-5604/a000117
J. H. Kleiger, I. Weiner
Abstract. Autistic thinking and its manifestations in Rorschach responses have long been of interest to students of psychopathology and practitioners of personality assessment. However, the precise nature of autistic thinking has not always been adequately grasped, nor have its diagnostic implications been fully appreciated. The present report clarifies the concept of autistic thinking and distinguishes it from current conceptions of autism; it elaborates the mental processes involved in autistic thinking; it considers linkages between the clinical conceptualization of autistic thinking and research findings from related fields; it delineates criteria for identifying and coding autistic thinking in Rorschach protocols; and it discusses the interpretive significance and diagnostic implications of autistic Rorschach responses.
{"title":"Autistic Thinking","authors":"J. H. Kleiger, I. Weiner","doi":"10.1027/1192-5604/a000117","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1027/1192-5604/a000117","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract. Autistic thinking and its manifestations in Rorschach responses have long been of interest to students of psychopathology and practitioners of personality assessment. However, the precise nature of autistic thinking has not always been adequately grasped, nor have its diagnostic implications been fully appreciated. The present report clarifies the concept of autistic thinking and distinguishes it from current conceptions of autism; it elaborates the mental processes involved in autistic thinking; it considers linkages between the clinical conceptualization of autistic thinking and research findings from related fields; it delineates criteria for identifying and coding autistic thinking in Rorschach protocols; and it discusses the interpretive significance and diagnostic implications of autistic Rorschach responses.","PeriodicalId":39365,"journal":{"name":"Rorschachiana","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"90735370","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2019-05-09DOI: 10.1027/1192-5604/A000109
F. Aschieri, I. Durosini, F. Fantini
Abstract. The literature has recently stressed the clinical utility of using the conjoint Rorschach for assessment and intervention with couples seeking treatment. However, there are no clear guidelines in interpreting the behaviors couples display during the discussion about “what could this be?” This study explores the application of the Rapid Marital Interaction Coding System to code couples’ behaviors during the process of creation and discussion of conjoint Rorschach responses, using three groups of couples with different degrees of marital satisfaction. Results of these exploratory analyses suggest that (a) the coding allows for identification of differences among the three groups of couples, and (b) the coding yields specific information on partners’ behaviors in each group of couples.
{"title":"Observing Couples Discussing About “What Might This Be?”","authors":"F. Aschieri, I. Durosini, F. Fantini","doi":"10.1027/1192-5604/A000109","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1027/1192-5604/A000109","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract. The literature has recently stressed the clinical utility of using the conjoint Rorschach for assessment and intervention with couples seeking treatment. However, there are no clear guidelines in interpreting the behaviors couples display during the discussion about “what could this be?” This study explores the application of the Rapid Marital Interaction Coding System to code couples’ behaviors during the process of creation and discussion of conjoint Rorschach responses, using three groups of couples with different degrees of marital satisfaction. Results of these exploratory analyses suggest that (a) the coding allows for identification of differences among the three groups of couples, and (b) the coding yields specific information on partners’ behaviors in each group of couples.","PeriodicalId":39365,"journal":{"name":"Rorschachiana","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-05-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"75329074","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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