Pub Date : 2019-05-09DOI: 10.1027/1192-5604/A000107
Clarice Alves de Almeida Beckmann, I. Costa
Abstract. Identifying the characteristics of families with offspring who have schizophrenia enables early detection and intervention, thereby reducing the psychiatric damage that may occur. To this end, psychological assessment can be used for both individual and family evaluation, notably the Rorschach. This article aims to review the literature about Conjoint/Consensus Rorschach, as well as articles concerning family, schizophrenia, and Rorschach. Although the Rorschach has been used in this context since the 1960s, it has been employed differently by each researcher. This article suggests further studies on assessing individuals of a family with a member who has schizophrenia using the Rorschach. On the basis of systemic family theories – in which family is understood as a system where members change from interacting with others, in addition to learning relational, behavioral and thought patterns – it can be expected that the psychological assessment of one family member is related to the psychological pattern of the other members. From this psychological evaluation, it is possible to plan adequate treatment models, focusing on finding techniques to cope with anxiety-provoking environments and to teach cognitive strategies in order to reduce the deficits caused by schizophrenia and increase the level of functioning of the subject.
{"title":"Rorschach as a Tool in the Psychological Assessment of Families With Patients With Schizophrenia","authors":"Clarice Alves de Almeida Beckmann, I. Costa","doi":"10.1027/1192-5604/A000107","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1027/1192-5604/A000107","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract. Identifying the characteristics of families with offspring who have schizophrenia enables early detection and intervention, thereby reducing the psychiatric damage that may occur. To this end, psychological assessment can be used for both individual and family evaluation, notably the Rorschach. This article aims to review the literature about Conjoint/Consensus Rorschach, as well as articles concerning family, schizophrenia, and Rorschach. Although the Rorschach has been used in this context since the 1960s, it has been employed differently by each researcher. This article suggests further studies on assessing individuals of a family with a member who has schizophrenia using the Rorschach. On the basis of systemic family theories – in which family is understood as a system where members change from interacting with others, in addition to learning relational, behavioral and thought patterns – it can be expected that the psychological assessment of one family member is related to the psychological pattern of the other members. From this psychological evaluation, it is possible to plan adequate treatment models, focusing on finding techniques to cope with anxiety-provoking environments and to teach cognitive strategies in order to reduce the deficits caused by schizophrenia and increase the level of functioning of the subject.","PeriodicalId":39365,"journal":{"name":"Rorschachiana","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-05-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"88746302","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2019-05-09DOI: 10.1027/1192-5604/A000111
G. Gandino
Abstract. Can we read a Rorschach test without betraying the epistemological systemic premises? The systemic theoretical framework generally does not accept the use of testing, but we find confirmation of its use in some American publications in the late 1950s. In this period, family therapy was born and the Rorschach provided joint administration of the test. The interpretation of the test was prevalently pragmatic: co-administration helped to bring out relationship patterns and styles of communication. This article presents a possible integration to the pragmatic interpretation of the joint Rorschach, through the adoption of a constructivist and semantic theoretical framework. The author believes that subjects are active constructors of their own responses; the investigation of this process offers useful elements to the understanding of neurotic or psychotic levels of functioning. Furthermore, the responses should be read as a story, and the projected meanings can define personality organization. The method is adopted in individual and joint Rorschach testing: From a constructivist perspective, linked to the construction of the image, the pragmatic level overlaps with the semantic nuances of the individual stories in the joint administration. Consequently, systemic theory finds the way of approaching the test coherently with its own premises.
{"title":"Rorschach Test and Systemic Theory","authors":"G. Gandino","doi":"10.1027/1192-5604/A000111","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1027/1192-5604/A000111","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract. Can we read a Rorschach test without betraying the epistemological systemic premises? The systemic theoretical framework generally does not accept the use of testing, but we find confirmation of its use in some American publications in the late 1950s. In this period, family therapy was born and the Rorschach provided joint administration of the test. The interpretation of the test was prevalently pragmatic: co-administration helped to bring out relationship patterns and styles of communication. This article presents a possible integration to the pragmatic interpretation of the joint Rorschach, through the adoption of a constructivist and semantic theoretical framework. The author believes that subjects are active constructors of their own responses; the investigation of this process offers useful elements to the understanding of neurotic or psychotic levels of functioning. Furthermore, the responses should be read as a story, and the projected meanings can define personality organization. The method is adopted in individual and joint Rorschach testing: From a constructivist perspective, linked to the construction of the image, the pragmatic level overlaps with the semantic nuances of the individual stories in the joint administration. Consequently, systemic theory finds the way of approaching the test coherently with its own premises.","PeriodicalId":39365,"journal":{"name":"Rorschachiana","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-05-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"74902201","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2019-05-09DOI: 10.1027/1192-5604/A000106
A. Rosso, Andrea Camoirano, C. Chiorri
Abstract. Divorcing couples who require the intervention of the court system to resolve their child custody disputes usually exhibit intense anger and experience strong resentment. The Rorschach Inkblot Method (RIM) is one of the most commonly used tests in child custody evaluations, in which one crucial issue is affectivity and its regulation, and, specifically, negative emotions such as anger and resentment. White Space (S) is one of the Rorschach Comprehensive System (CS) variables usually taken into account to assess anger and resentment, but to date the construct validity of S responses for this purpose is far from established. Our study addresses this issue by exploring the association between S responses (coded on the basis of the following classifications: the CS, the Rorschach Performance Assessment System, and Rosso, Chiorri, and Denevi, 2015 ) and the motor, emotional, and cognitive components of aggression reported by clinicians in a sample of divorcing couples engaged in child custody litigation ( n = 85). Our findings support the hypothesis that Space fusion responses may be a marker of separation and emptiness anxiety, whereas no support is provided by this study for the hypothesis that Space reversal and Space integration responses are indicative of anger.
摘要要求法院介入解决子女监护权纠纷的离婚夫妇通常表现出强烈的愤怒和强烈的怨恨。罗夏墨迹法(Rorschach Inkblot Method, RIM)是儿童监护评估中最常用的测试之一，其中一个关键问题是情感及其调节，特别是愤怒和怨恨等负面情绪。空白空间(S)是罗夏综合系统(CS)变量之一，通常被用来评估愤怒和怨恨，但迄今为止，S反应在这一目的上的结构效度还远未建立。我们的研究通过探索S反应(基于以下分类:CS、罗夏表现评估系统和Rosso, Chiorri, and Denevi, 2015)与临床医生在参与儿童监护权诉讼的离婚夫妇样本(n = 85)中报告的攻击性的运动、情感和认知成分之间的关联来解决这个问题。我们的研究结果支持空间融合反应可能是分离和空虚焦虑的标志的假设，而本研究不支持空间逆转和空间整合反应是愤怒的标志的假设。
{"title":"Validity of Space Responses","authors":"A. Rosso, Andrea Camoirano, C. Chiorri","doi":"10.1027/1192-5604/A000106","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1027/1192-5604/A000106","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract. Divorcing couples who require the intervention of the court system to resolve their child custody disputes usually exhibit intense anger and experience strong resentment. The Rorschach Inkblot Method (RIM) is one of the most commonly used tests in child custody evaluations, in which one crucial issue is affectivity and its regulation, and, specifically, negative emotions such as anger and resentment. White Space (S) is one of the Rorschach Comprehensive System (CS) variables usually taken into account to assess anger and resentment, but to date the construct validity of S responses for this purpose is far from established. Our study addresses this issue by exploring the association between S responses (coded on the basis of the following classifications: the CS, the Rorschach Performance Assessment System, and Rosso, Chiorri, and Denevi, 2015 ) and the motor, emotional, and cognitive components of aggression reported by clinicians in a sample of divorcing couples engaged in child custody litigation ( n = 85). Our findings support the hypothesis that Space fusion responses may be a marker of separation and emptiness anxiety, whereas no support is provided by this study for the hypothesis that Space reversal and Space integration responses are indicative of anger.","PeriodicalId":39365,"journal":{"name":"Rorschachiana","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-05-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"88995006","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2018-09-01DOI: 10.1027/1192-5604/a000110
A. Scioli, Mike Cofrin, Friederika Aceto, Timothy Martin
In this study, we derive a measure of hope from the Rorschach. Drawing on an integrative approach to hope, we identify six Rorschach variables, representing two dimensions each of: interpersonal perceptions, coping resources, and goal engagement. We empirically validate these variables against theoretically linked measures of attachment, coping, and mastery. We propose a Rorschach State Hope Index. To illustrate one potential benefit of this new measure, we apply the Hope Index retrospectively to an individual who died by suicide despite a relatively low score on the existing Suicide Constellation of the Comprehensive System.
{"title":"Toward a Rorschach Hope Index","authors":"A. Scioli, Mike Cofrin, Friederika Aceto, Timothy Martin","doi":"10.1027/1192-5604/a000110","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1027/1192-5604/a000110","url":null,"abstract":"In this study, we derive a measure of hope from the Rorschach. Drawing on an integrative approach to hope, we identify six Rorschach variables, representing two dimensions each of: interpersonal perceptions, coping resources, and goal engagement. We empirically validate these variables against theoretically linked measures of attachment, coping, and mastery. We propose a Rorschach State Hope Index. To illustrate one potential benefit of this new measure, we apply the Hope Index retrospectively to an individual who died by suicide despite a relatively low score on the existing Suicide Constellation of the Comprehensive System.","PeriodicalId":39365,"journal":{"name":"Rorschachiana","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"80400492","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2018-09-01DOI: 10.1027/1192-5604/a000103
K. Carstairs, Sarah Hartley, A. Peden, J. M. Woods, Andre van Graan, A. Andronikof, Patrick Fontan
This study provides Rorschach data for 88 adults aged 18–65 years from the general population in England. The sample was matched as closely as possible with census data on the variables of gender, age, marital status, ethnicity, geographical location, occupation, and level of education. The Rorschach was administered according to the Comprehensive System by five experienced psychologists. Participants also completed a measure of psychological distress called the CORE. Interscorer reliability was found to be excellent for all variables apart from the six cognitive special scores, for which it was fair. Rorschach data are presented for Comprehensive System variables and compared with Exner’s (2007) sample of 450 nonpatient adults in the United States and with the international reference sample (Meyer, Erdberg, & Shaffer, 2007).
{"title":"A Normative Study in England With the Rorschach Comprehensive System","authors":"K. Carstairs, Sarah Hartley, A. Peden, J. M. Woods, Andre van Graan, A. Andronikof, Patrick Fontan","doi":"10.1027/1192-5604/a000103","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1027/1192-5604/a000103","url":null,"abstract":"This study provides Rorschach data for 88 adults aged 18–65 years from the general population in England. The sample was matched as closely as possible with census data on the variables of gender, age, marital status, ethnicity, geographical location, occupation, and level of education. The Rorschach was administered according to the Comprehensive System by five experienced psychologists. Participants also completed a measure of psychological distress called the CORE. Interscorer reliability was found to be excellent for all variables apart from the six cognitive special scores, for which it was fair. Rorschach data are presented for Comprehensive System variables and compared with Exner’s (2007) sample of 450 nonpatient adults in the United States and with the international reference sample (Meyer, Erdberg, & Shaffer, 2007).","PeriodicalId":39365,"journal":{"name":"Rorschachiana","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"87797429","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2018-09-01DOI: 10.1027/1192-5604/a000108
S. Jenkins, Rachel B. Nowlin
This naturalistic pilot study examined interpersonal decentering, a form of social cognitive maturity and self–other mentalizing scored from the Thematic Apperception Test, as a client personality variable that might predict psychotherapy retention and clients’ perceptions of in-session process. Clients having difficulty with mature decentering might struggle to engage in therapy, need different interventions, and be at risk for therapy dropout. Thematic Apperception Test stories were gathered from new outpatient therapy clients soon after their intake session. Interpersonal decentering scores from the nine stories were used to predict outpatients’ therapy attrition or perceptions of psychotherapy process four to six sessions later. Clients’ perceptions of therapy events commonly associated differentially with psychodynamic and cognitive-behavioral therapies were measured using self-rated items from the Psychotherapy Process Q-set. Lower decentering scores predicted early attrition (before Session 6). Clients with more mature decentering scores reported more frequent psychodynamic relative to cognitive-behavioral therapy process events in these early sessions. Lower decentering maturity may limit clients’ processing of psychodynamic interventions. Interpersonal decentering may be a valuable, easy-to-score assessment tool for predicting attrition risk and making treatment planning recommendations for intervention strategies.
{"title":"Clients’ TAT Interpersonal Decentering Predicts Psychotherapy Retention and Process","authors":"S. Jenkins, Rachel B. Nowlin","doi":"10.1027/1192-5604/a000108","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1027/1192-5604/a000108","url":null,"abstract":"This naturalistic pilot study examined interpersonal decentering, a form of social cognitive maturity and self–other mentalizing scored from the Thematic Apperception Test, as a client personality variable that might predict psychotherapy retention and clients’ perceptions of in-session process. Clients having difficulty with mature decentering might struggle to engage in therapy, need different interventions, and be at risk for therapy dropout. Thematic Apperception Test stories were gathered from new outpatient therapy clients soon after their intake session. Interpersonal decentering scores from the nine stories were used to predict outpatients’ therapy attrition or perceptions of psychotherapy process four to six sessions later. Clients’ perceptions of therapy events commonly associated differentially with psychodynamic and cognitive-behavioral therapies were measured using self-rated items from the Psychotherapy Process Q-set. Lower decentering scores predicted early attrition (before Session 6). Clients with more mature decentering scores reported more frequent psychodynamic relative to cognitive-behavioral therapy process events in these early sessions. Lower decentering maturity may limit clients’ processing of psychodynamic interventions. Interpersonal decentering may be a valuable, easy-to-score assessment tool for predicting attrition risk and making treatment planning recommendations for intervention strategies.","PeriodicalId":39365,"journal":{"name":"Rorschachiana","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"73467511","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2018-09-01DOI: 10.1027/1192-5604/a000105
Marianne Nygren
{"title":"Handbook of Gender and Sexuality in Psychological Assessment","authors":"Marianne Nygren","doi":"10.1027/1192-5604/a000105","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1027/1192-5604/a000105","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":39365,"journal":{"name":"Rorschachiana","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"81647764","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2018-09-01DOI: 10.1027/1192-5604/a000102
Jason M. Smith, C. Gacono, Patrick Fontan, Enna E. Taylor, T. Cunliffe, A. Andronikof
Exner’s (1995a) Issues and Methods in Rorschach Research provided a standard of care for conducting Rorschach research; however, the extent to which studies have followed these guidelines has not been examined. Similarly, meta-analytic approaches have been used to comment on the validity of Exner’s Comprehensive System (CS) variables without an evaluation as to the extent that individual studies have conformed to the proposed methodological criteria (Exner, 1995a; Gacono, Loving, & Bodholdt, 2001). In this article, 210 studies cited in recent meta-analyses by Mihura, Meyer, Dumitrascu, and Bombel (2013) were examined. The studies were analyzed in terms of being research on the Rorschach versus research with the Rorschach and whether they met the threshold of validity/generalizability related to specific Rorschach criteria. Only 104 of the 210 (49.5%) studies were research on the Rorschach and none met all five Rorschach criteria assessed. Trends and the need for more stringent methods when conducting Rorschach research were presented.
Exner(1995)的《罗夏研究中的问题和方法》(Issues and Methods in Rorschach Research)为开展罗夏研究提供了一个注意标准;然而，这些研究在多大程度上遵循了这些指导方针还没有得到检验。同样，荟萃分析方法已被用于评论Exner的综合系统(CS)变量的有效性，而不评估个别研究是否符合所提出的方法标准(Exner, 1995;Gacono, Loving， & Bodholdt, 2001)。本文对Mihura、Meyer、Dumitrascu和Bombel(2013)在最近的荟萃分析中引用的210项研究进行了研究。这些研究是根据罗夏墨迹研究和罗夏墨迹研究以及它们是否符合与特定罗夏墨迹标准相关的效度/概括性阈值来分析的。210项研究中只有104项(49.5%)是关于罗夏测验的研究，没有一项符合罗夏测验的全部5项标准。提出了进行罗夏研究的趋势和需要更严格的方法。
{"title":"A Scientific Critique of Rorschach Research: Revisiting Exner’s Issues and Methods in Rorschach Research (1995)","authors":"Jason M. Smith, C. Gacono, Patrick Fontan, Enna E. Taylor, T. Cunliffe, A. Andronikof","doi":"10.1027/1192-5604/a000102","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1027/1192-5604/a000102","url":null,"abstract":"Exner’s (1995a) Issues and Methods in Rorschach Research provided a standard of care for conducting Rorschach research; however, the extent to which studies have followed these guidelines has not been examined. Similarly, meta-analytic approaches have been used to comment on the validity of Exner’s Comprehensive System (CS) variables without an evaluation as to the extent that individual studies have conformed to the proposed methodological criteria (Exner, 1995a; Gacono, Loving, & Bodholdt, 2001). In this article, 210 studies cited in recent meta-analyses by Mihura, Meyer, Dumitrascu, and Bombel (2013) were examined. The studies were analyzed in terms of being research on the Rorschach versus research with the Rorschach and whether they met the threshold of validity/generalizability related to specific Rorschach criteria. Only 104 of the 210 (49.5%) studies were research on the Rorschach and none met all five Rorschach criteria assessed. Trends and the need for more stringent methods when conducting Rorschach research were presented.","PeriodicalId":39365,"journal":{"name":"Rorschachiana","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"82944429","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2018-05-09DOI: 10.1027/1192-5604/a000098
L. van den Daele, Ashley Yates, Sharon Rae Jenkins
This project compared the relative performance of professional dancers and nondancers on the Music Apperception Test (MAT; van den Daele, 2014), then compared dancers’ performance on the MAT with that on the Thematic Apperception Test (TAT; Murray, 1943). The MAT asks respondents to “tell a story to the music” in compositions written to represent basic emotions. Dancers had significantly shorter response latency and were more fluent in storytelling than a comparison group matched for gender and age. Criterion-based evaluation of dancers’ narratives found narrative emotion consistent with music written to portray the emotion, with the majority integrating movement, sensation, and imagery. Approximately half the dancers were significantly more fluent on the MAT than the TAT, while the other half were significantly more fluent on the TAT than the MAT. Dancers who were more fluent on the MAT had a higher proportion of narratives that integrated movement and imagery compared with those more fluent on the TAT. The results were interpreted as consistent with differences observed in neurological studies of auditory and visual processing, educational studies of modality preference, and the cognitive style literature. The MAT provides an assessment tool to complement visually based performance tests in personality appraisal.
本项目比较了专业舞蹈演员和非舞蹈演员在音乐统觉测试(MAT;van den Daele, 2014)，然后将舞者在MAT上的表现与主题统觉测试(TAT;穆雷,1943)。MAT要求受访者在表达基本情感的作品中“用音乐讲述一个故事”。与性别和年龄相匹配的对照组相比，舞蹈演员的反应潜伏期明显缩短，讲故事的能力也更流畅。对舞者叙事的标准评价发现，叙事情感与为描绘情感而写的音乐一致，大多数融合了动作、感觉和意象。大约一半的舞者在MAT上明显比TAT更流利，而另一半在TAT上明显比MAT更流利。与那些在TAT上更流利的舞者相比，在MAT上更流利的舞者有更高比例的融合动作和图像的叙述。结果被解释为与听觉和视觉处理的神经学研究、模态偏好的教育研究和认知风格文献中观察到的差异一致。MAT提供了一种评估工具，以补充人格评估中基于视觉的表现测试。
{"title":"Differential Performance of Professional Dancers to the Music Apperception Test and the Thematic Apperception Test","authors":"L. van den Daele, Ashley Yates, Sharon Rae Jenkins","doi":"10.1027/1192-5604/a000098","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1027/1192-5604/a000098","url":null,"abstract":"This project compared the relative performance of professional dancers and nondancers on the Music Apperception Test (MAT; van den Daele, 2014), then compared dancers’ performance on the MAT with that on the Thematic Apperception Test (TAT; Murray, 1943). The MAT asks respondents to “tell a story to the music” in compositions written to represent basic emotions. Dancers had significantly shorter response latency and were more fluent in storytelling than a comparison group matched for gender and age. Criterion-based evaluation of dancers’ narratives found narrative emotion consistent with music written to portray the emotion, with the majority integrating movement, sensation, and imagery. Approximately half the dancers were significantly more fluent on the MAT than the TAT, while the other half were significantly more fluent on the TAT than the MAT. Dancers who were more fluent on the MAT had a higher proportion of narratives that integrated movement and imagery compared with those more fluent on the TAT. The results were interpreted as consistent with differences observed in neurological studies of auditory and visual processing, educational studies of modality preference, and the cognitive style literature. The MAT provides an assessment tool to complement visually based performance tests in personality appraisal.","PeriodicalId":39365,"journal":{"name":"Rorschachiana","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-05-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"73942859","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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