Pub Date : 2019-05-23DOI: 10.4324/9781315789354-106
G. McGraw, J. Rehling, Robert L. Goldstone
Figure 10 shows a plot of the number of categories in which each token of ALL was found (including the correct category) vs. its average reaction time. There is a strong correlation here (r=0.85, p<0.01). Low RT's occur when there are few possible category bins. As the number of possible answers increases, RT becomes longer.
{"title":"Letter Perception: Toward a conceptual approach","authors":"G. McGraw, J. Rehling, Robert L. Goldstone","doi":"10.4324/9781315789354-106","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4324/9781315789354-106","url":null,"abstract":"Figure 10 shows a plot of the number of categories in which each token of ALL was found (including the correct category) vs. its average reaction time. There is a strong correlation here (r=0.85, p<0.01). Low RT's occur when there are few possible category bins. As the number of possible answers increases, RT becomes longer.","PeriodicalId":393936,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of the Sixteenth Annual Conference of the Cognitive Science Society","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-05-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"134528416","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2019-05-23DOI: 10.4324/9781315789354-167
L. Gleitman
{"title":"A Picture is Worth a Thousand Words—But That’s the Problem","authors":"L. Gleitman","doi":"10.4324/9781315789354-167","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4324/9781315789354-167","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":393936,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of the Sixteenth Annual Conference of the Cognitive Science Society","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-05-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"126591336","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2019-05-23DOI: 10.4324/9781315789354-128
M. M. Recker, T. Govindaraj, V. Vasandani
{"title":"Troubleshooting Strategies in a Complex, Dynamical Domain","authors":"M. M. Recker, T. Govindaraj, V. Vasandani","doi":"10.4324/9781315789354-128","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4324/9781315789354-128","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":393936,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of the Sixteenth Annual Conference of the Cognitive Science Society","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-05-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"124141783","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2019-05-23DOI: 10.4324/9781315789354-96
C. Lebiere, John R. Anderson, L. Reder
We describe how to extend the ACT-R production system to model human errors in the performance of a high-level cognitive task: to solve simple linear algebra problems while memorizing a digit span. Errors of omission are produced by introducing a cutoff on the latency of memory retrievals. If a memory chunk cannot gather enough activation to be retrieved before the threshold i s reached, retrieval fails. Adding Gaussian noise to chunk activation produces a pattern quantitatively similar to subject errors. Errors of commission are introduced by allowing imperfect matching in the condition side of productions. The wrong memory chunk can be retrieved if its activation is large enough to allow it to overcome the mismatch penalty. This mechanism provides a qualitative and quantitative fit to subject errors. In conclusion, this paper demonstrates that human-like errors, sometimes thought of as the exclusive domain of connectionist models, can be successfully duplicated in production system models.
{"title":"Error Modeling in the ACT-R Production System","authors":"C. Lebiere, John R. Anderson, L. Reder","doi":"10.4324/9781315789354-96","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4324/9781315789354-96","url":null,"abstract":"We describe how to extend the ACT-R production system to model human errors in the performance of a high-level cognitive task: to solve simple linear algebra problems while memorizing a digit span. Errors of omission are produced by introducing a cutoff on the latency of memory retrievals. If a memory chunk cannot gather enough activation to be retrieved before the threshold i s reached, retrieval fails. Adding Gaussian noise to chunk activation produces a pattern quantitatively similar to subject errors. Errors of commission are introduced by allowing imperfect matching in the condition side of productions. The wrong memory chunk can be retrieved if its activation is large enough to allow it to overcome the mismatch penalty. This mechanism provides a qualitative and quantitative fit to subject errors. In conclusion, this paper demonstrates that human-like errors, sometimes thought of as the exclusive domain of connectionist models, can be successfully duplicated in production system models.","PeriodicalId":393936,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of the Sixteenth Annual Conference of the Cognitive Science Society","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-05-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"116355563","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2019-05-23DOI: 10.4324/9781315789354-23
A. Cabrera
{"title":"Functional and Conditional Equivalence: Conceptual Contributions from Behavior Analysis","authors":"A. Cabrera","doi":"10.4324/9781315789354-23","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4324/9781315789354-23","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":393936,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of the Sixteenth Annual Conference of the Cognitive Science Society","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-05-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"117098964","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2019-05-23DOI: 10.4324/9781315789354-155
Sigalit Ur, K. VanLehn
{"title":"Steps: A Preliminary Model of Learning from a Tutor","authors":"Sigalit Ur, K. VanLehn","doi":"10.4324/9781315789354-155","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4324/9781315789354-155","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":393936,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of the Sixteenth Annual Conference of the Cognitive Science Society","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-05-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"124831074","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2019-05-23DOI: 10.4324/9781315789354-28
R. Catrambone
{"title":"The Effects of Labels in Examples on Problem Solving Transfer","authors":"R. Catrambone","doi":"10.4324/9781315789354-28","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4324/9781315789354-28","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":393936,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of the Sixteenth Annual Conference of the Cognitive Science Society","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-05-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"128203780","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2019-05-23DOI: 10.4324/9781315789354-17
C. Burgess, M. Tanenhaus, Miriam Hoffman
{"title":"Parafoveal and Semantic Effects on Syntactic Ambiguity Resolution","authors":"C. Burgess, M. Tanenhaus, Miriam Hoffman","doi":"10.4324/9781315789354-17","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4324/9781315789354-17","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":393936,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of the Sixteenth Annual Conference of the Cognitive Science Society","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-05-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"128635623","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2019-05-23DOI: 10.4324/9781315789354-163
L. Wills, J. Kolodner
Creative designers often see solutions to pending design problems in the everyday objects surrounding them. This can often lead to innovation and insight, sometimes revealing new functions and purposes for common design pieces in the process. We are interested in modeling serendipitous recognition of solutions to pending problems in the context of creative mechanical design. This paper characterizes this ability, analyzing observations we have made of it, and placing it in the context of other forms of recognition. We propose a computational model to capture and explore serendipitous recognition which is based on ideas from reconstructive dynamic memory and situation assessment in case-based reasoning.
{"title":"Explaining Serendipitous Recognition in Design","authors":"L. Wills, J. Kolodner","doi":"10.4324/9781315789354-163","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4324/9781315789354-163","url":null,"abstract":"Creative designers often see solutions to pending design problems in the everyday objects surrounding them. This can often lead to innovation and insight, sometimes revealing new functions and purposes for common design pieces in the process. We are interested in modeling serendipitous recognition of solutions to pending problems in the context of creative mechanical design. This paper characterizes this ability, analyzing observations we have made of it, and placing it in the context of other forms of recognition. We propose a computational model to capture and explore serendipitous recognition which is based on ideas from reconstructive dynamic memory and situation assessment in case-based reasoning.","PeriodicalId":393936,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of the Sixteenth Annual Conference of the Cognitive Science Society","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-05-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"127258326","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2019-05-23DOI: 10.4324/9781315789354-98
G. Libben, Leone Sveinson
{"title":"Variation in Unconscious Lexical Processing: Education and Experience Make a Difference","authors":"G. Libben, Leone Sveinson","doi":"10.4324/9781315789354-98","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4324/9781315789354-98","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":393936,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of the Sixteenth Annual Conference of the Cognitive Science Society","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-05-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"127000586","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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