Pub Date : 2019-07-12DOI: 10.24198/PJDRS.V3I1.22501
Farhani Azizah, I. Sufiawati, M. Satari
Pendahuluan: Salah satu virus yang menginfeksi rongga mulut adalah Herpes Simpleks Virus-1 (HSV-1). Virus ini menjadi patogen utama pada berbagai macam inang dan dapat menyebabkan berbagai macam penyakit orofasial. Tatalaksana infeksi HSV-1 memiliki pola terapi yang beragam bergantung pada kondisi klinis pasien. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah memperoleh data mengenai pola dan terapi penyakit mulut karena infeksi HSV-1. Metode: Data yang dikumpulkan merupakan data sekunder berasal dari logbook dan rekam medik pasien di Poliklinik Gigi dan Mulut RSUP Dr. Hasan Sadikin Bandung periode 2013-2017. Sampel penelitian ditentukan menggunakan metode purposive sampling, yaitu rekam medik pasien dengan diagnosis penyakit mulut karena infeksi HSV-1. Hasil: Pola penyakit mulut pada instalasi rawat jalan yaitu Recurrent Intraoral Herpes (RIH) sebanyak 84,91%, Herpes Associated Erythema Multiforme (HAEM) 9,43%, Herpes labialis 3,77%, dan Primary Herpetic Gingivo Stomatitis (PHGS) 1,89%. Pola penyakit mulut pada rawat inap yaitu Recurrent Intraoral Herpes (RIH) sebanyak 85,71% dan Herpes labialis sebanyak 14,29%. Pemberian terapi sangat bervariatif yaitu kombinasi asiklovir, antiseptik, multivitamin, antiinflamasi steroid, NSAID, pelembab bibir, antibiotik, antihistamin, dan antifungal. Simpulan: Penyakit mulut karena infeksi HSV-1 yang paling sering ditemukan baik pada instalasi rawat jalan maupun rawat inap adalah recurrent intraoral herpes. Pemberian terapi yang paling sering digunakan pada instalasi rawat jalan yaitu kombinasi obat antiinflamasi steroid dan multivitamin, sedangkan pada instalasi rawat inap yaitu multivitamin dan kombinasi asiklovir, antiseptik, dan multivitamin.Kata kunci: Pola penyakit mulut, pola terapi, infeksi Herpes Simpleks Virus-1 ABSTRACTIntroduction: One of the viruses that infect the oral cavity is Herpes Simplex Virus-1 (HSV-1). This virus becomes the primary pathogen in various types of hosts and can cause various kinds of orofacial diseases. Management of HSV-1 infection has a diverse pattern of therapy depending on the clinical condition of the patient. The purpose of this study was to obtain data on the patterns and treatment of oral diseases due to HSV-1 infection. Methods: Data collected was secondary data from the logbook and medical records of patients at the Dental Polyclinic of Dr Hasan Sadikin Hospital Bandung in 2013-2017. The study sample was determined using a purposive sampling method, namely medical records of patients with a diagnosis of oral disease due to HSV-1 infection. Results: The pattern of oral disease in outpatient installations, namely Recurrent Intraoral Herpes (RIH) 84.91%, Associated Erythema Multiforme (HAEM) Herpes 9.43%, Herpes labialis 3.77%, and Primary Herpetic Gingivo Stomatitis (PHGS) 1.89%. The pattern of oral disease in inpatient installations, namely Recurrent Intraoral Herpes (RIH) as much as 85.71% and Herpes labialis 14.29%. Given therapy was very varied, namely a combination of acyclovir,
前期:口腔感染的病毒之一是单纯型病毒1 (HSV-1)。这种病毒是许多宿主体内的主要病原体，可以引起多种传染性疾病。HSV-1感染的治疗模式因患者的临床情况而异。本研究的目的是获取HSV-1感染口腔疾病模式和治疗的数据。方法:收集的数据是次要数据，来自哈桑·萨德金·万隆2013-2017年期间牙齿和口腔医生RSUP的病例记录和记录。研究样本是使用采样方法确定的，即口腔疾病诊断为HSV-1感染的口腔疾病。结果:门诊口腔疾病共84.91%，红斑同事Erythema (HAEM)为9.43%，红斑为3.77%，宫颈癌为黄疸(phg)为1.8%。因口腔疱疹而引起的口腔疾病共85.71%，嘴唇疱疹为14.29%。非甾体、消毒剂、多种维生素、抗炎药、抗炎药、润唇膏、抗生素、抗组胺药和抗组胺药等多种变体进行治疗。总结:HSV-1感染口腔疾病在门诊和住院期间最常见。门诊采用的最常用的药物是类固醇和多种维生素的结合，而住院治疗则包括多种维生素和无菌、消毒剂和多种维生素的结合。关键词:治疗口腔疾病模式,模式,单纯疱疹感染Virus-1 ABSTRACTIntroduction viruses,以至于infect:一号》《口腔疱疹体是单放机Virus-1 (HSV-1)。这个病毒变成了主要的病原体》不同types of hosts和可以因为不同kinds of orofacial diseases。HSV-1感染有a diverse的管理模式的疗法临床雾》depending on病人。这项研究的目的是将口服的模式和治疗与HSV-1的影响联系起来。方法:2013-2017年哈桑萨德金万隆医院的牙牙波利诊所提供的数据。研究样本确定使用一种采样方法，namely patients的医疗记录，并对HSV-1感染进行口服诊断。推荐:口腔疾病的病因，namely复发性疱疹84.91%，多为Erythema(多为HAEM)疱疹9.43%，红唇疱疹3.77%，宫颈癌为1.89%。口腔疾病的病变模式，namely报告的病变比率为85.71%，唇疱疹为14.29%。治疗方法有很多种变体，namely是一种化合物的acyclovir，抗炎，多维生素，抗炎性类固醇，NSAIDs，口技，抗生素，抗组胺，抗组胺和抗fungal。结果:口服疾病到HSV-1感染，大多数人在出诊和住院期间都患有带状疱疹。最常见的外诊治疗是一种抗炎性药物和多维生素的结合，而在病人体内的作用是多维生素、抗炎和多维生素的结合。口服疾病治疗模式，病毒1型单纯疱疹
{"title":"Pola dan terapi infeksi Herpes simpleks virus-1 pada rongga mulut di RSUP Dr. Hasan Sadikin Bandung periode 2013-2017The pattern and therapy of the Herpes simplex virus-1 infection in the oral cavity at Dr Hasan Sadikin Hospital Bandung in 2013-2017","authors":"Farhani Azizah, I. Sufiawati, M. Satari","doi":"10.24198/PJDRS.V3I1.22501","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.24198/PJDRS.V3I1.22501","url":null,"abstract":"Pendahuluan: Salah satu virus yang menginfeksi rongga mulut adalah Herpes Simpleks Virus-1 (HSV-1). Virus ini menjadi patogen utama pada berbagai macam inang dan dapat menyebabkan berbagai macam penyakit orofasial. Tatalaksana infeksi HSV-1 memiliki pola terapi yang beragam bergantung pada kondisi klinis pasien. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah memperoleh data mengenai pola dan terapi penyakit mulut karena infeksi HSV-1. Metode: Data yang dikumpulkan merupakan data sekunder berasal dari logbook dan rekam medik pasien di Poliklinik Gigi dan Mulut RSUP Dr. Hasan Sadikin Bandung periode 2013-2017. Sampel penelitian ditentukan menggunakan metode purposive sampling, yaitu rekam medik pasien dengan diagnosis penyakit mulut karena infeksi HSV-1. Hasil: Pola penyakit mulut pada instalasi rawat jalan yaitu Recurrent Intraoral Herpes (RIH) sebanyak 84,91%, Herpes Associated Erythema Multiforme (HAEM) 9,43%, Herpes labialis 3,77%, dan Primary Herpetic Gingivo Stomatitis (PHGS) 1,89%. Pola penyakit mulut pada rawat inap yaitu Recurrent Intraoral Herpes (RIH) sebanyak 85,71% dan Herpes labialis sebanyak 14,29%. Pemberian terapi sangat bervariatif yaitu kombinasi asiklovir, antiseptik, multivitamin, antiinflamasi steroid, NSAID, pelembab bibir, antibiotik, antihistamin, dan antifungal. Simpulan: Penyakit mulut karena infeksi HSV-1 yang paling sering ditemukan baik pada instalasi rawat jalan maupun rawat inap adalah recurrent intraoral herpes. Pemberian terapi yang paling sering digunakan pada instalasi rawat jalan yaitu kombinasi obat antiinflamasi steroid dan multivitamin, sedangkan pada instalasi rawat inap yaitu multivitamin dan kombinasi asiklovir, antiseptik, dan multivitamin.Kata kunci: Pola penyakit mulut, pola terapi, infeksi Herpes Simpleks Virus-1 ABSTRACTIntroduction: One of the viruses that infect the oral cavity is Herpes Simplex Virus-1 (HSV-1). This virus becomes the primary pathogen in various types of hosts and can cause various kinds of orofacial diseases. Management of HSV-1 infection has a diverse pattern of therapy depending on the clinical condition of the patient. The purpose of this study was to obtain data on the patterns and treatment of oral diseases due to HSV-1 infection. Methods: Data collected was secondary data from the logbook and medical records of patients at the Dental Polyclinic of Dr Hasan Sadikin Hospital Bandung in 2013-2017. The study sample was determined using a purposive sampling method, namely medical records of patients with a diagnosis of oral disease due to HSV-1 infection. Results: The pattern of oral disease in outpatient installations, namely Recurrent Intraoral Herpes (RIH) 84.91%, Associated Erythema Multiforme (HAEM) Herpes 9.43%, Herpes labialis 3.77%, and Primary Herpetic Gingivo Stomatitis (PHGS) 1.89%. The pattern of oral disease in inpatient installations, namely Recurrent Intraoral Herpes (RIH) as much as 85.71% and Herpes labialis 14.29%. Given therapy was very varied, namely a combination of acyclovir, ","PeriodicalId":394272,"journal":{"name":"Padjadjaran Journal of Dental Researchers and Students","volume":"37 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-07-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"117174899","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pendahuluan: Karies adalah penyakit gigi yang banyak diderita oleh masyarakat Indonesia. Karies gigi sering dialami oleh anak usia sekolah. Karies disebabkan oleh banyak faktor. Empat faktor risiko primer atau yang utama adalah host, mikroorganisme, substrat, dan waktu. Faktor risiko sekunder terdiri dari usia, jenis kelamin, tingkat pendidikan, ras, lingkungan, perilaku, dan sosioekonomi. Sosioekonomi biasanya berhubungan dengan pendapatan. Tujuan penelitian untuk mengetahui indeks karies gigi berdasarkan tingkat pendapatan orangtua murid usia 12 tahun. Metode: Jenis penelitian deskriptif dengan tiga cluster sekolah dasar terpilih dari 125 cluster sekolah dasar yang berada di Kota Cimahi dengan menggunakan cluster random sampling yang terdiri dari 150 subjek anak untuk dilakukan penelitian. Hasil: Anak berusia 12 tahun dengan pendapatan orangtua tinggi menunjukkan indeks DMFT rendah yaitu 1,2 dan orangtua dengan pendapatan rendah menunjukkan indeks DMFT tinggi yaitu 4,1 dikarenakan pendapatan tinggi dapat mempunyai akses terhadap pelayanan kesehatan gigi dan mulut yang khusus dan upaya pencegahan karies gigi. Pendapatan tinggi dapat memperlihatkan indeks DMFT lebih rendah. Faktor lain yang dapat mempengaruhi yaitu akses kesehatan, lingkungan, diet, serta perawatan kesehatan gigi dan mulut. Simpulan: Murid dengan orangtua berpendapatan tinggi menunjukkan indeks DMFT rendah yaitu 1,2 dan murid dengan orangtua berpendapatan rendah menunjukkan indeks DMFT tinggi yaitu 4,1.Kata kunci: Indeks karies, karies, pendapatan orangtua ABSTRACTIntroduction: Caries is a dental disease that affects many Indonesians. School-age children often experience dental caries. Caries is caused by many factors. The four primary risk factors are hosts, microorganisms, substrate, and time. Secondary risk factors are age, gender, education level, race, environment, behaviour, and socioeconomics. Socioeconomics is usually related to income. The purpose of the study was to determine dental caries index based on the level of 12-years-old students based on their parent’s income. Methods: This research was descriptive with three clusters of selected primary schools from 125 clusters of elementary schools in the city of Cimahi using random cluster sampling consisted of 150 child subjects. Results: 12-years-old children with high parental income showed a low DMFT index of 1.2 and low-income parents showed a high DMFT index of 4.1 because high income could have access to special dental and oral health services and prevention efforts for dental caries. High income showed a lower DMFT index. Other factors affected were health access, environment, diet, and dental and oral health care. Conclusion: Students with high-income parents show a low DMFT index of 1.2 and students with low-income parents show a high DMFT index of 4.1.Keywords: Caries index, caries, parental income
{"title":"Indeks karies gigi murid usia 12 tahun dengan tingkat pendapatan orangtua rendah dan tinggiDental caries index of 12-years-old students with low and high parental income levels","authors":"Meilani Yustri Hutami, Marlin Himawati, Ratih Widyasari","doi":"10.24198/PJDRS.V2I2.22124","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.24198/PJDRS.V2I2.22124","url":null,"abstract":"Pendahuluan: Karies adalah penyakit gigi yang banyak diderita oleh masyarakat Indonesia. Karies gigi sering dialami oleh anak usia sekolah. Karies disebabkan oleh banyak faktor. Empat faktor risiko primer atau yang utama adalah host, mikroorganisme, substrat, dan waktu. Faktor risiko sekunder terdiri dari usia, jenis kelamin, tingkat pendidikan, ras, lingkungan, perilaku, dan sosioekonomi. Sosioekonomi biasanya berhubungan dengan pendapatan. Tujuan penelitian untuk mengetahui indeks karies gigi berdasarkan tingkat pendapatan orangtua murid usia 12 tahun. Metode: Jenis penelitian deskriptif dengan tiga cluster sekolah dasar terpilih dari 125 cluster sekolah dasar yang berada di Kota Cimahi dengan menggunakan cluster random sampling yang terdiri dari 150 subjek anak untuk dilakukan penelitian. Hasil: Anak berusia 12 tahun dengan pendapatan orangtua tinggi menunjukkan indeks DMFT rendah yaitu 1,2 dan orangtua dengan pendapatan rendah menunjukkan indeks DMFT tinggi yaitu 4,1 dikarenakan pendapatan tinggi dapat mempunyai akses terhadap pelayanan kesehatan gigi dan mulut yang khusus dan upaya pencegahan karies gigi. Pendapatan tinggi dapat memperlihatkan indeks DMFT lebih rendah. Faktor lain yang dapat mempengaruhi yaitu akses kesehatan, lingkungan, diet, serta perawatan kesehatan gigi dan mulut. Simpulan: Murid dengan orangtua berpendapatan tinggi menunjukkan indeks DMFT rendah yaitu 1,2 dan murid dengan orangtua berpendapatan rendah menunjukkan indeks DMFT tinggi yaitu 4,1.Kata kunci: Indeks karies, karies, pendapatan orangtua ABSTRACTIntroduction: Caries is a dental disease that affects many Indonesians. School-age children often experience dental caries. Caries is caused by many factors. The four primary risk factors are hosts, microorganisms, substrate, and time. Secondary risk factors are age, gender, education level, race, environment, behaviour, and socioeconomics. Socioeconomics is usually related to income. The purpose of the study was to determine dental caries index based on the level of 12-years-old students based on their parent’s income. Methods: This research was descriptive with three clusters of selected primary schools from 125 clusters of elementary schools in the city of Cimahi using random cluster sampling consisted of 150 child subjects. Results: 12-years-old children with high parental income showed a low DMFT index of 1.2 and low-income parents showed a high DMFT index of 4.1 because high income could have access to special dental and oral health services and prevention efforts for dental caries. High income showed a lower DMFT index. Other factors affected were health access, environment, diet, and dental and oral health care. Conclusion: Students with high-income parents show a low DMFT index of 1.2 and students with low-income parents show a high DMFT index of 4.1.Keywords: Caries index, caries, parental income","PeriodicalId":394272,"journal":{"name":"Padjadjaran Journal of Dental Researchers and Students","volume":"14 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-07-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"127486393","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2019-07-12DOI: 10.24198/PJDRS.V3I1.22484
C. Angélica, Linda Sari Sembiring, Winny Suwindere
Pendahuluan: Karies gigi merupakan masalah utama dalam kesehatan gigi masyakat, terlihat dengan tingginya prevalensi karies pada anak usia 1‒4 tahun (10,4%), dan pada anak usia 5‒9 tahun adalah 28,9%. Karies yang terjadi pada anak disebut Early Childhood Caries (ECC) atau karies dini yang terjadi pada anak usia 71 bulan atau lebih muda. Anak memperoleh perilaku kebersihan mulut dan kebiasaan kesehatan rongga mulut dari ibu sehingga peran ibu sangat mempengaruhi keadaan rongga mulut anak. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh tingkat pendidikan tinggi dan perilaku ibu terhadap indeks def-t pada anak usia 4‒5 tahun di TK Santa Maria Kota Cirebon. Metode: Penelitian ini menggunakan metode analitik observasional dengan desain penelitian cross sectional. Populasi penelitian adalah anak usia 4‒5 tahun di TK Santa Maria Kota Cirebon. Sampel penelitian berjumlah 74 orang dengan teknik pengambilan sampel stratified random sampling. Hasil: Analisis statistik penelitian dilakukan dengan menggunakan model regresi Tobit. Simpulan: Terdapat pengaruh tingkat pendidikan tinggi dan perilaku ibu terhadap indeks def-t pada anak usia 4‒5 tahun di TK Santa Maria Kota Cirebon.Kata kunci: Tingkat pendidikan, perilaku ibu, indeks def-t, anak usia 4-5 tahun ABSTRACTIntroduction: Dental caries is a major problem in the dental health of the community, reflected by the high prevalence of caries in children aged 1‒4 years old (10.4%), and in children aged 5‒9 years old (28.9%). Caries that occur in children is called Early Childhood Caries (ECC), or early caries that occurs in children aged 71 months or younger. Children get their oral hygiene behaviour and oral health habits from their mothers; thus, the mother's role profoundly affects the children's oral cavity condition. This study was aimed to determine the influence of higher education level and maternal behaviour on the def-t index in children aged 4‒5 years old at Santa Maria Kindergarten in the city of Cirebon. Methods: This study was using an observational analytic method with a cross-sectional research design. The study population was children aged 4‒5 years old at Santa Maria Kindergarten in the city of Cirebon. The research sample was 74 people taken with stratified random sampling technique. Results: Statistical analysis of the study was conducted using the Tobit regression model. Conclusion: There is an influence of higher education level and maternal behaviour on the def-t index in children aged 4‒5 years old at Santa Maria Kindergarten in the city of Cirebon.Keywords: Education level, maternal behaviour, def-t index, 4-5-years old children
前言:龋齿是masyakat牙齿健康的主要问题，因为龋齿在1 - 4岁儿童(10.4%)和5 - 9岁儿童的高发病率是289%。在71个月或更年轻的儿童中，被称为“早期儿童研究”(ECC)或早期龋毛。儿童从母亲那里获得口腔清洁行为和口腔健康习惯，因此母亲的作用对孩子的口腔状况有很大的影响。本研究旨在确定4 - 5岁儿童在西雷邦圣玛丽亚幼儿园接受高等教育和母亲行为指数的影响。方法:本研究采用经节研究设计的分析观察方法。研究对象是西雷邦圣玛丽亚市4 - 5岁儿童。共有74人与技术的研究样本抽样stratified随机抽样。结果:统计分析使用托比特回归模型进行研究。结:有高水平的教育和行为影响母亲对def-t分类索引的4—5岁的孩子在幼儿园圣玛丽亚汶城。关键词:教育水平,妈妈def-t分类索引,四五岁的孩子行为ABSTRACTIntroduction:牙科caries是个大问题在社区,reflected牙科卫生》by《儿童高prevalence of caries老1—4岁儿童(10 . 4%),和在老5—9岁(28)的9%。Caries那occur in children是叫童年早期Caries (ECC),或者早期Caries那occurs杨格尔在老71月或儿童。儿童得到他们口交hygiene行为和口腔健康habits从他们的母亲;因此,母亲的角色profoundly .影响儿童的口腔体条件。这个研究是aimed到个重大之影响高教育水平和对子女的行为在def-t指数》,老4—5岁儿童在圣玛丽亚幼儿园在汶之城。方法:用的材料。这研究是分析方法和a cross-sectional研究设计。研究人口是老4—5岁儿童在圣玛丽亚幼儿园在汶之城。研究样本是74人和stratified随机抽样了技巧。Results:统计分析研究之用的是conducted托比特regression模特。历史性:这是一个高教育水平和对子女的行为之影响》def-t指数在老4—5岁儿童在圣玛丽亚幼儿园在汶之城。安装:教育水平,对子女的行为def-t指数,4-5-years是老儿童
{"title":"Pengaruh tingkat pendidikan tinggi dan perilaku ibu terhadap indeks def-t pada anak usia 4‒5 tahunThe influence of higher education level and maternal behaviour on the def-t index in children aged 4‒5 years old","authors":"C. Angélica, Linda Sari Sembiring, Winny Suwindere","doi":"10.24198/PJDRS.V3I1.22484","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.24198/PJDRS.V3I1.22484","url":null,"abstract":"Pendahuluan: Karies gigi merupakan masalah utama dalam kesehatan gigi masyakat, terlihat dengan tingginya prevalensi karies pada anak usia 1‒4 tahun (10,4%), dan pada anak usia 5‒9 tahun adalah 28,9%. Karies yang terjadi pada anak disebut Early Childhood Caries (ECC) atau karies dini yang terjadi pada anak usia 71 bulan atau lebih muda. Anak memperoleh perilaku kebersihan mulut dan kebiasaan kesehatan rongga mulut dari ibu sehingga peran ibu sangat mempengaruhi keadaan rongga mulut anak. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh tingkat pendidikan tinggi dan perilaku ibu terhadap indeks def-t pada anak usia 4‒5 tahun di TK Santa Maria Kota Cirebon. Metode: Penelitian ini menggunakan metode analitik observasional dengan desain penelitian cross sectional. Populasi penelitian adalah anak usia 4‒5 tahun di TK Santa Maria Kota Cirebon. Sampel penelitian berjumlah 74 orang dengan teknik pengambilan sampel stratified random sampling. Hasil: Analisis statistik penelitian dilakukan dengan menggunakan model regresi Tobit. Simpulan: Terdapat pengaruh tingkat pendidikan tinggi dan perilaku ibu terhadap indeks def-t pada anak usia 4‒5 tahun di TK Santa Maria Kota Cirebon.Kata kunci: Tingkat pendidikan, perilaku ibu, indeks def-t, anak usia 4-5 tahun ABSTRACTIntroduction: Dental caries is a major problem in the dental health of the community, reflected by the high prevalence of caries in children aged 1‒4 years old (10.4%), and in children aged 5‒9 years old (28.9%). Caries that occur in children is called Early Childhood Caries (ECC), or early caries that occurs in children aged 71 months or younger. Children get their oral hygiene behaviour and oral health habits from their mothers; thus, the mother's role profoundly affects the children's oral cavity condition. This study was aimed to determine the influence of higher education level and maternal behaviour on the def-t index in children aged 4‒5 years old at Santa Maria Kindergarten in the city of Cirebon. Methods: This study was using an observational analytic method with a cross-sectional research design. The study population was children aged 4‒5 years old at Santa Maria Kindergarten in the city of Cirebon. The research sample was 74 people taken with stratified random sampling technique. Results: Statistical analysis of the study was conducted using the Tobit regression model. Conclusion: There is an influence of higher education level and maternal behaviour on the def-t index in children aged 4‒5 years old at Santa Maria Kindergarten in the city of Cirebon.Keywords: Education level, maternal behaviour, def-t index, 4-5-years old children","PeriodicalId":394272,"journal":{"name":"Padjadjaran Journal of Dental Researchers and Students","volume":"71 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-07-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"125015508","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2019-07-12DOI: 10.24198/PJDRS.V3I1.22486
Ni Putu Nathalia Emilly Mathius, Linda Sari Sembiring, Meilani Rohinsa
Pendahuluan: Kecemasan merupakan suatu hal yang sering dialami oleh sebagian pasien yang akan melakukan prosedur perawatan dental. Kecemasan dental merupakan respon kecemasan yang hampir identik dengan respon rasa takut, yang keduanya memiliki fisiologis, kognitif serta komponen perilaku. Kecemasan dental sendiri merupakan salah satu hal yang harus diperhatikan karena tidak hanya akan menyebabkan stres kepada pasien melainkan juga pada dokter gigi saat akan melakukan perawatan. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui tingkat kecemasan dental anak usia 7-12 tahun yang akan melakukan ekstraksi gigi di Rumah Sakit Gigi dan Mulut Maranatha. Metode: Jenis penilaian kecemasan dilakukan dengan pengisian kuisioner MDAS serta penilaian perilaku anak dilakukan dengan Frankl behaviour rating scale. Hasil: Hasil penelitian yang telah dilakukan menunjukkan dari segi psikologis sebanyak tujuh anak (64%) memiliki tingkat kecemasan rendah dan empat anak (36%) memiliki tingkat kecemasan sedang. Perilaku anak menunjukkan sikap pasti positif dan positif saat menjalani prosedur ekstraksi gigi, serta dari segi fisiologis terdapat peningkatan tekanan darah dan denyut nadi pada saat anak berada di kursi gigi. Simpulan: Tingkat kecemasan dental anak usia 7-12 tahun yang akan melakukan ekstraksi gigi di Rumah Sakit Gigi dan Mulut Maranatha paling banyak dalam kategori rendah dengan perilaku menunjukkan sikap pasti positif dan positif saat menjalani prosedur ekstraksi gigi.Kata kunci: Kecemasan gigi, tekanan darah, denyut nadi, MDAS, skala penilaian perilaku Frankl. ABSTRACTIntroduction: Anxiety is a common thing experienced by some patients who will perform dental procedures. Dental anxiety is an anxious response which almost identical to the fear response, both of which have physiological, cognitive and behavioral components. Dental anxiety is one of the things that has to be considered because not only will cause stress to the patient but also to the dentist when the treatment is about to start. This study was aimed to determine the level of dental anxiety of 7 - 12-years old children who will perform tooth extraction at Maranatha Dental Hospital. Methods: Anxiety assessment was done by filling out the MDAS questionnaire as well as the child's behavioural assessment performed with the Frankl behaviour rating scale. Results: From the research that has been done, in terms of psychological, seven children (64%) had low anxiety level and four children (36%) had moderate anxiety level. Child behavior showed positive and definitely positive attitude while they were undergoing dental extraction Conclusion: The level of dental anxiety of 7 - 12-years old children who will perform tooth extraction at Maranatha Dental Hospital mostly found in the lowest category, with a very positive and positive attitude when undergoing tooth extraction procedures.Keywords: Dental anxiety, blood pressure, pulse rate, MDAS, Frankl behaviour rating scale
前言:焦虑是一些接受牙医治疗的病人经常经历的事情。牙痛是一种与恐惧反应几乎相同的焦虑反应，恐惧反应具有生理、认知和行为成分。牙科焦虑本身必须注意的事情之一,因为不仅会对病人造成压力,而是看牙医时也要好好地做。这项研究的目的是确定将在牙床和玛拉纳塔口腔中拔牙的12岁儿童的牙牙焦虑水平。方法:一种焦虑评估是通过MDAS的问卷要求和对儿童行为的评估进行的。结果:结果所做的研究表明,多达7名孩子(64%)有心理方面的焦虑程度低和四个孩子(36%)有焦虑程度中等。儿童在拔牙过程中表现出积极和积极的态度，从生理学的角度来看，当孩子坐在牙科手术台上时，血压和脉搏会增加。结:7 - 12岁的儿童牙科焦虑水平将在牙科和口腔医院拔牙Maranatha最多的一类低的行为中表现出了一定积极的态度和积极的拔牙手术。关键词:牙科焦虑,血压、脉搏MDAS行为评估量表,弗兰克。ABSTRACTIntroduction:焦虑是一件普通的经历:有些病人谁表演牙科procedures威尔。牙齿过敏几乎与恐惧反应有关，两者都有生理、认知和行为伙伴关系。牙科焦虑必须穿的是一号》认为,因为不仅会因为压力去《治疗病人,但也当牙医》是就要开始。这项研究已经确定了7 - 12年的孩子将在马拉那塔牙塔医院推出牙齿的水平。这种焦虑的评估是由儿童行为评估表现为弗兰克行为评分所完成的。咨询:根据研究的结果，七名儿童(64%)患有低焦虑，四名儿童(36%)患有中度焦虑。儿童社会行为积极肯定和积极态度,当他们拿给undergoing牙科提取历史性水平》:世卫组织儿童牙科焦虑的7 - 12-years老威尔表演牙提取at Maranatha牙科医院基本上找到了in The lowest类别里,用一个非常积极和积极态度当undergoing提取procedures牙。音调:牙牙寒酸，血液压力，脉搏率，MDAS，边缘坡度
{"title":"Tingkat kecemasan dental anak usia 7-12 tahun yang akan melakukan ekstraksi gigiDental anxiety level of 7 - 12-years old children who will perform tooth extraction at dental hospital","authors":"Ni Putu Nathalia Emilly Mathius, Linda Sari Sembiring, Meilani Rohinsa","doi":"10.24198/PJDRS.V3I1.22486","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.24198/PJDRS.V3I1.22486","url":null,"abstract":"Pendahuluan: Kecemasan merupakan suatu hal yang sering dialami oleh sebagian pasien yang akan melakukan prosedur perawatan dental. Kecemasan dental merupakan respon kecemasan yang hampir identik dengan respon rasa takut, yang keduanya memiliki fisiologis, kognitif serta komponen perilaku. Kecemasan dental sendiri merupakan salah satu hal yang harus diperhatikan karena tidak hanya akan menyebabkan stres kepada pasien melainkan juga pada dokter gigi saat akan melakukan perawatan. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui tingkat kecemasan dental anak usia 7-12 tahun yang akan melakukan ekstraksi gigi di Rumah Sakit Gigi dan Mulut Maranatha. Metode: Jenis penilaian kecemasan dilakukan dengan pengisian kuisioner MDAS serta penilaian perilaku anak dilakukan dengan Frankl behaviour rating scale. Hasil: Hasil penelitian yang telah dilakukan menunjukkan dari segi psikologis sebanyak tujuh anak (64%) memiliki tingkat kecemasan rendah dan empat anak (36%) memiliki tingkat kecemasan sedang. Perilaku anak menunjukkan sikap pasti positif dan positif saat menjalani prosedur ekstraksi gigi, serta dari segi fisiologis terdapat peningkatan tekanan darah dan denyut nadi pada saat anak berada di kursi gigi. Simpulan: Tingkat kecemasan dental anak usia 7-12 tahun yang akan melakukan ekstraksi gigi di Rumah Sakit Gigi dan Mulut Maranatha paling banyak dalam kategori rendah dengan perilaku menunjukkan sikap pasti positif dan positif saat menjalani prosedur ekstraksi gigi.Kata kunci: Kecemasan gigi, tekanan darah, denyut nadi, MDAS, skala penilaian perilaku Frankl. ABSTRACTIntroduction: Anxiety is a common thing experienced by some patients who will perform dental procedures. Dental anxiety is an anxious response which almost identical to the fear response, both of which have physiological, cognitive and behavioral components. Dental anxiety is one of the things that has to be considered because not only will cause stress to the patient but also to the dentist when the treatment is about to start. This study was aimed to determine the level of dental anxiety of 7 - 12-years old children who will perform tooth extraction at Maranatha Dental Hospital. Methods: Anxiety assessment was done by filling out the MDAS questionnaire as well as the child's behavioural assessment performed with the Frankl behaviour rating scale. Results: From the research that has been done, in terms of psychological, seven children (64%) had low anxiety level and four children (36%) had moderate anxiety level. Child behavior showed positive and definitely positive attitude while they were undergoing dental extraction Conclusion: The level of dental anxiety of 7 - 12-years old children who will perform tooth extraction at Maranatha Dental Hospital mostly found in the lowest category, with a very positive and positive attitude when undergoing tooth extraction procedures.Keywords: Dental anxiety, blood pressure, pulse rate, MDAS, Frankl behaviour rating scale","PeriodicalId":394272,"journal":{"name":"Padjadjaran Journal of Dental Researchers and Students","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-07-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"122890498","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2019-07-12DOI: 10.24198/PJDRS.V3I1.22480
C. Lazarus, H. Mandalas, Winny Suwindere
Pendahuluan: Derajat keasaman (pH) saliva merupakan faktor kunci utama keseimbangan demineralisasi dan remineralisasi gigi. Demineralisasi email terjadi pada keadaan pH <5,5 dan terjadi dalam waktu beberapa menit setelah asupan sukrosa. Saliva memiliki peran signifikan dalam proses meningkatkan pH rongga mulut sehubungan dengan kemampuan buffering, yaitu kandungan bikarbonat yang dapat menetralkan pH sehingga mencegah enamel gigi dari demineralisasi. Tujuan penelitian ini untuk mengukur atau menilai peranan keju Brie dalam menaikan pH saliva. Metode: Penelitian ini merupakan eksperimental semu bersifat komparatif. Jumlah subjek penelitian adalah 32 orang yang dibagi menjadi kelompok perlakuan, yaitu mengonsumsi keju Brie dan kelompok kontrol, yaitu tidak mengonsumsi keju Brie. Subjek penelitian diukur nilai pH saliva awal dan akhir menggunakan pH test strip. Hasil: Rerata selisih nilai pH awal dan akhir pada kelompok perlakuan adalah sebesar 0,48 dan pada kelompok kontrol adalah sebesar -0,29. Rerata selisih pH saliva pada kelompok perlakuan, yaitu mengonsumsi keju Brie, lebih besar dibandingkan dengan kelompok kontrol, dengan perbedaan yang signifikan (p<0,05). Simpulan: Mengonsumsi keju Brie efektif dalam meningkatkan pH saliva.Kata kunci: Efektivitas, keju Brie, pH saliva ABSTRACTIntroduction: Salivary acidity degree (pH) is the main key factor in the balance of tooth demineralisation and remineralisation. Enamel demineralisation occurs at the pH < 5.5 and occurs within minutes after sucrose intake. Saliva has a significant role in the process of pH increase in the oral cavity due to the buffering ability, which is the bicarbonate content which able to neutralise the pH value to prevent tooth enamel demineralisation. The purpose of this study was to measure or assess the effect of Brie cheese consumption in raising the salivary pH. Methods: This study is a quasi-experimental comparative. The number of research subjects was 32 people who were divided into treatment groups which consumed Brie cheese, and the control group which did not consume Brie cheese. Each research subject was measured the initial and final salivary pH values using a pH test strip. Results: The average difference in the initial and final pH values of the treatment group was 0.48, and in the control group was -0.29. The average difference of the salivary pH in the treatment group, which was consuming Brie cheese, was higher than the control group, with a significant difference (p < 0.05). Conclusion: Consuming Brie cheese is effective in increasing the salivary pH.Keywords: Effectiveness, Brie cheese, salivary pH
{"title":"Efektivitas mengonsumsi keju Brie terhadap kenaikan pH salivaEffectiveness of consuming Brie cheese on increasing salivary pH","authors":"C. Lazarus, H. Mandalas, Winny Suwindere","doi":"10.24198/PJDRS.V3I1.22480","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.24198/PJDRS.V3I1.22480","url":null,"abstract":"Pendahuluan: Derajat keasaman (pH) saliva merupakan faktor kunci utama keseimbangan demineralisasi dan remineralisasi gigi. Demineralisasi email terjadi pada keadaan pH <5,5 dan terjadi dalam waktu beberapa menit setelah asupan sukrosa. Saliva memiliki peran signifikan dalam proses meningkatkan pH rongga mulut sehubungan dengan kemampuan buffering, yaitu kandungan bikarbonat yang dapat menetralkan pH sehingga mencegah enamel gigi dari demineralisasi. Tujuan penelitian ini untuk mengukur atau menilai peranan keju Brie dalam menaikan pH saliva. Metode: Penelitian ini merupakan eksperimental semu bersifat komparatif. Jumlah subjek penelitian adalah 32 orang yang dibagi menjadi kelompok perlakuan, yaitu mengonsumsi keju Brie dan kelompok kontrol, yaitu tidak mengonsumsi keju Brie. Subjek penelitian diukur nilai pH saliva awal dan akhir menggunakan pH test strip. Hasil: Rerata selisih nilai pH awal dan akhir pada kelompok perlakuan adalah sebesar 0,48 dan pada kelompok kontrol adalah sebesar -0,29. Rerata selisih pH saliva pada kelompok perlakuan, yaitu mengonsumsi keju Brie, lebih besar dibandingkan dengan kelompok kontrol, dengan perbedaan yang signifikan (p<0,05). Simpulan: Mengonsumsi keju Brie efektif dalam meningkatkan pH saliva.Kata kunci: Efektivitas, keju Brie, pH saliva ABSTRACTIntroduction: Salivary acidity degree (pH) is the main key factor in the balance of tooth demineralisation and remineralisation. Enamel demineralisation occurs at the pH < 5.5 and occurs within minutes after sucrose intake. Saliva has a significant role in the process of pH increase in the oral cavity due to the buffering ability, which is the bicarbonate content which able to neutralise the pH value to prevent tooth enamel demineralisation. The purpose of this study was to measure or assess the effect of Brie cheese consumption in raising the salivary pH. Methods: This study is a quasi-experimental comparative. The number of research subjects was 32 people who were divided into treatment groups which consumed Brie cheese, and the control group which did not consume Brie cheese. Each research subject was measured the initial and final salivary pH values using a pH test strip. Results: The average difference in the initial and final pH values of the treatment group was 0.48, and in the control group was -0.29. The average difference of the salivary pH in the treatment group, which was consuming Brie cheese, was higher than the control group, with a significant difference (p < 0.05). Conclusion: Consuming Brie cheese is effective in increasing the salivary pH.Keywords: Effectiveness, Brie cheese, salivary pH","PeriodicalId":394272,"journal":{"name":"Padjadjaran Journal of Dental Researchers and Students","volume":"9 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-07-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"127517490","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2019-07-12DOI: 10.24198/PJDRS.V3I1.22180
Husnul Mahfaza, I. Sufiawati, M. Satari
Pendahuluan: Terdapat sejumlah virus yang dapat menyebabkan infeksi daerah perioral, mulut, dan orofaring. Virus dapat menginisiasi infeksi, menyebar ke seluruh tubuh, dan bereplikasi berdasarkan sifat dan karakteristik virulensinya. Penyakit akibat virus dapat menyebabkan kerusakan sel secara langsung maupun dapat berupa reaksi sekunder. Virus yang menyerang rongga mulut dapat bermanifestasi diantaranya seperti vesikula dan ulser. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui prevalensi dan pola penyakit infeksi virus rongga mulut di RSUP Dr. Hasan Sadikin Bandung tahun 2013-2017. Metode: Penelitian deskriptif dengan menggambarkan prevalensi dan pola penyakit infeksi rongga mulut. Data yang dikumpulkan merupakan data sekunder berbentuk rekam medis pasien. Pengambilan sampel dilakukan dengan cara purposive sampling, dengan kriteria inklusi yaitu pasien dengan diagnosis infeksi virus rongga mulut di RSUP Dr. Hasan Sadikin Bandung tahun 2013-2017. Hasil: Penelitian ini menunjukkan total pasien rawat inap berjumlah 742 orang, didapatkan 21 pasien dengan infeksi virus rongga mulut, yang paling banyak ditemukan yaitu HSV-1 (66,67%), diikuti oleh infeksi HSV-2 (4,76%), CMV (9,52%), dan VZV sebanyak (19,05%). Sedangkan pada pasien rawat jalan yang berjumlah 531 orang didapatkan 58 pasien dengan infeksi virus rongga mulut, infeksi HSV-1 juga paling banyak ditemukan (91,38%), diikuti oleh infeksi CMV (1,72%), dan VZV (6,90%). Simpulan: Prevalensi infeksi virus rongga mulut sebanyak 2,83% pada pasien rawat inap dan sebanyak 10,92% pada pasien rawat jalan, dengan jumlah tertinggi yaitu infeksi HSV-1.Kata kunci: Infeksi virus, orofasial, famili herpes virus ABSTRACTIntroduction: Several viruses can cause infection of the perioral region, mouth, and oropharynx. Viruses can initiate infections, spread throughout the body, and replicate based on their virulence characteristics. Viral diseases can cause cell damage directly or can trigger a secondary reaction. Viruses that attack the oral cavity can manifest, such as vesicles and ulcers. This study was aimed to determine the prevalence and patterns of oral viral infection in Dr Hasan Sadikin Hospital Bandung in 2013-2017. Methods: Descriptive study was performed by describing the prevalence and pattern of oral infections. Data collected was secondary data in the form of patient medical records. Sampling was carried out by purposive sampling, with inclusion criteria, namely patients with a diagnosis of oral cavity virus infection in Dr Hasan Sadikin Hospital Bandung in 2013-2017. Results: This study showed a total of 742 inpatients, 21 patients with oral cavity infections, the most common were HSV-1 (66.67%), followed by HSV-2 infection (4.76%), CMV (9.52%), and VZV infections (19.05%). Whereas in total 531 outpatients, 58 patients were found with oral cavity infections, HSV-1 infections were also found the most (91.38%), followed by CMV (1.72%), and VZV infections (6.90%). Conclusion: The prevalence of oral cavity i
{"title":"Prevalensi dan pola penyakit infeksi virus rongga mulut di RSUP Dr. Hasan Sadikin Bandung tahun 2013-2017Prevalence and patterns of oral viral infection in Dr Hasan Sadikin Hospital Bandung in 2013-2017","authors":"Husnul Mahfaza, I. Sufiawati, M. Satari","doi":"10.24198/PJDRS.V3I1.22180","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.24198/PJDRS.V3I1.22180","url":null,"abstract":"Pendahuluan: Terdapat sejumlah virus yang dapat menyebabkan infeksi daerah perioral, mulut, dan orofaring. Virus dapat menginisiasi infeksi, menyebar ke seluruh tubuh, dan bereplikasi berdasarkan sifat dan karakteristik virulensinya. Penyakit akibat virus dapat menyebabkan kerusakan sel secara langsung maupun dapat berupa reaksi sekunder. Virus yang menyerang rongga mulut dapat bermanifestasi diantaranya seperti vesikula dan ulser. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui prevalensi dan pola penyakit infeksi virus rongga mulut di RSUP Dr. Hasan Sadikin Bandung tahun 2013-2017. Metode: Penelitian deskriptif dengan menggambarkan prevalensi dan pola penyakit infeksi rongga mulut. Data yang dikumpulkan merupakan data sekunder berbentuk rekam medis pasien. Pengambilan sampel dilakukan dengan cara purposive sampling, dengan kriteria inklusi yaitu pasien dengan diagnosis infeksi virus rongga mulut di RSUP Dr. Hasan Sadikin Bandung tahun 2013-2017. Hasil: Penelitian ini menunjukkan total pasien rawat inap berjumlah 742 orang, didapatkan 21 pasien dengan infeksi virus rongga mulut, yang paling banyak ditemukan yaitu HSV-1 (66,67%), diikuti oleh infeksi HSV-2 (4,76%), CMV (9,52%), dan VZV sebanyak (19,05%). Sedangkan pada pasien rawat jalan yang berjumlah 531 orang didapatkan 58 pasien dengan infeksi virus rongga mulut, infeksi HSV-1 juga paling banyak ditemukan (91,38%), diikuti oleh infeksi CMV (1,72%), dan VZV (6,90%). Simpulan: Prevalensi infeksi virus rongga mulut sebanyak 2,83% pada pasien rawat inap dan sebanyak 10,92% pada pasien rawat jalan, dengan jumlah tertinggi yaitu infeksi HSV-1.Kata kunci: Infeksi virus, orofasial, famili herpes virus ABSTRACTIntroduction: Several viruses can cause infection of the perioral region, mouth, and oropharynx. Viruses can initiate infections, spread throughout the body, and replicate based on their virulence characteristics. Viral diseases can cause cell damage directly or can trigger a secondary reaction. Viruses that attack the oral cavity can manifest, such as vesicles and ulcers. This study was aimed to determine the prevalence and patterns of oral viral infection in Dr Hasan Sadikin Hospital Bandung in 2013-2017. Methods: Descriptive study was performed by describing the prevalence and pattern of oral infections. Data collected was secondary data in the form of patient medical records. Sampling was carried out by purposive sampling, with inclusion criteria, namely patients with a diagnosis of oral cavity virus infection in Dr Hasan Sadikin Hospital Bandung in 2013-2017. Results: This study showed a total of 742 inpatients, 21 patients with oral cavity infections, the most common were HSV-1 (66.67%), followed by HSV-2 infection (4.76%), CMV (9.52%), and VZV infections (19.05%). Whereas in total 531 outpatients, 58 patients were found with oral cavity infections, HSV-1 infections were also found the most (91.38%), followed by CMV (1.72%), and VZV infections (6.90%). Conclusion: The prevalence of oral cavity i","PeriodicalId":394272,"journal":{"name":"Padjadjaran Journal of Dental Researchers and Students","volume":"37 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-07-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"127605554","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2019-07-12DOI: 10.24198/PJDRS.V3I1.22485
Alyzha Anandya, L. Sembiring, H. Mandalas
Pendahuluan: Anak tunagrahita merupakan anak yang memiliki keterbatasan kemampuan kognitif dan mobilitas serta gangguan perilaku. Keadaan tersebut membatasi anak untuk melakukan pembersihan gigi yang optimal sehingga berdampak terhadap kondisi kesehatan gigi dan mulut seperti indeks plak yang buruk dan gingivitis. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui indeks plak dan tingkat keparahan gingivitis pada anak tunagrahita (intellectual disability). Metode: Penelitian ini dilakukan secara deskriptif komparatif. Populasi dalam penelitian ini ialah 45 anak tunagrahita di SLB Negeri Kota Bandung. Penarikan sampel dilakukan secara purposive sampling. Pengambilan data menggunakan metode O’Leary untuk indeks plak, dan metode Modified Gingival Index (MGI) untuk perhitungan skor gingiva. Hasil: Subjek penelitian dikelompokkan menjadi kelompok usia 8-12 tahun dan >28 tahun; serta berdasarkan jenis tunagrahita. Kelompok tunagrahita berat memiliki hasil index plak kurang baik sebesar 100%. Pada kelompok usia 13-17 tahun, didapatkan hasil karakteristik status gingiva paling besar (60%), sedangkan jika dilihat dari jenis tunagrahita, pada tunagrahita ringan memiliki gingivitis ringan (72,8%), tunagrahita sedang memiliki gingivitis sedang (62%), dan tunagrahita berat memiliki gingivitis ringan (50%) dan sedang (50%). Simpulan: Hampir setiap jenis tunagrahita memiliki indeks plak kurang baik dan gingivitis pada rongga mulutnya. Semakin rendah tingkat intelegensi anak maka semakin rendah kebersihan mulut, kecuali pada anak tunagrahita berat.Kata kunci: Indeks plak, tunagrahita, gingivitis, O’Leary, Modified Gingival Index ABSTRACTIntroduction: Children with intellectual disability are children who have limited cognitive abilities, mobility, and behavioural disorders. This situation limits the child to perform optimal dental cleaning so that it affects their dental and oral health conditions, such as poor plaque index and gingivitis. The purpose of this study was to determine the plaque index and the gingivitis severity of children with intellectual disability. Methods: This study was a descriptive comparative study. The population in this study were 45 children with intellectual disability in extraordinary schools in the city of Bandung. Sampling was taken by purposive sampling method. Data collection was using the O'Leary method for plaque indexes, and the Modified Gingival Index (MGI) method for calculating gingival scores. Results: The research subjects were grouped into 8-12 years old age groups and > 28 years old age group, and based on the type of intellectual disability. Severe intellectual disability groups have a poor plaque index of 100%. In the age group of 13-17 years old, the highest gingival status characteristics (60%) were found, whereas when analysed from the type of intellectual disability, moderate intellectual disability children had mild gingivitis (72.8%), moderate intellectual disability children had moderate gingivitis (62%), and severe
{"title":"Indeks plak dan tingkat keparahan gingivitis anak tunagrahita (Intellectual Disability)Plaque index and gingivitis severity of children with intellectual disability","authors":"Alyzha Anandya, L. Sembiring, H. Mandalas","doi":"10.24198/PJDRS.V3I1.22485","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.24198/PJDRS.V3I1.22485","url":null,"abstract":"Pendahuluan: Anak tunagrahita merupakan anak yang memiliki keterbatasan kemampuan kognitif dan mobilitas serta gangguan perilaku. Keadaan tersebut membatasi anak untuk melakukan pembersihan gigi yang optimal sehingga berdampak terhadap kondisi kesehatan gigi dan mulut seperti indeks plak yang buruk dan gingivitis. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui indeks plak dan tingkat keparahan gingivitis pada anak tunagrahita (intellectual disability). Metode: Penelitian ini dilakukan secara deskriptif komparatif. Populasi dalam penelitian ini ialah 45 anak tunagrahita di SLB Negeri Kota Bandung. Penarikan sampel dilakukan secara purposive sampling. Pengambilan data menggunakan metode O’Leary untuk indeks plak, dan metode Modified Gingival Index (MGI) untuk perhitungan skor gingiva. Hasil: Subjek penelitian dikelompokkan menjadi kelompok usia 8-12 tahun dan >28 tahun; serta berdasarkan jenis tunagrahita. Kelompok tunagrahita berat memiliki hasil index plak kurang baik sebesar 100%. Pada kelompok usia 13-17 tahun, didapatkan hasil karakteristik status gingiva paling besar (60%), sedangkan jika dilihat dari jenis tunagrahita, pada tunagrahita ringan memiliki gingivitis ringan (72,8%), tunagrahita sedang memiliki gingivitis sedang (62%), dan tunagrahita berat memiliki gingivitis ringan (50%) dan sedang (50%). Simpulan: Hampir setiap jenis tunagrahita memiliki indeks plak kurang baik dan gingivitis pada rongga mulutnya. Semakin rendah tingkat intelegensi anak maka semakin rendah kebersihan mulut, kecuali pada anak tunagrahita berat.Kata kunci: Indeks plak, tunagrahita, gingivitis, O’Leary, Modified Gingival Index ABSTRACTIntroduction: Children with intellectual disability are children who have limited cognitive abilities, mobility, and behavioural disorders. This situation limits the child to perform optimal dental cleaning so that it affects their dental and oral health conditions, such as poor plaque index and gingivitis. The purpose of this study was to determine the plaque index and the gingivitis severity of children with intellectual disability. Methods: This study was a descriptive comparative study. The population in this study were 45 children with intellectual disability in extraordinary schools in the city of Bandung. Sampling was taken by purposive sampling method. Data collection was using the O'Leary method for plaque indexes, and the Modified Gingival Index (MGI) method for calculating gingival scores. Results: The research subjects were grouped into 8-12 years old age groups and > 28 years old age group, and based on the type of intellectual disability. Severe intellectual disability groups have a poor plaque index of 100%. In the age group of 13-17 years old, the highest gingival status characteristics (60%) were found, whereas when analysed from the type of intellectual disability, moderate intellectual disability children had mild gingivitis (72.8%), moderate intellectual disability children had moderate gingivitis (62%), and severe","PeriodicalId":394272,"journal":{"name":"Padjadjaran Journal of Dental Researchers and Students","volume":"323 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-07-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"132741633","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2019-07-12DOI: 10.24198/PJDRS.V3I1.22306
Istri Utami, F. Pramanik, L. Epsilawati
Pendahuluan: Karies merupakan penyakit yang paling banyak terjadi. Pada tahun 2013 kerusakan gigi masyarakat Indonesia adalah 460 buah gigi per 100 orang. Jika dibiarkan tidak dirawat akan berkembang mengarah pada kematian pulpa dan akan menyebar menyebabkan infeksi periapikal. Tahun 2010 penyakit pulpa dan periapikal menempati posisi ke 7 dari 10 penyakit terbanyak pada pasien rawat jalan di rumah sakit di Indonesia. Teknik radiograf yang dapat digunakan untuk diagnosis penyakit pulpa dan periapikal adalah teknik radiografi periapikal. Tujuan penelitian adalah mendapatkan informasi mengenai proporsi gambaran radiografis lesi periapikal gigi nekrosis di RSGM Unpad. Metode: Jenis penelitian deskriptif. Populasi penelitian adalah seluruh radiograf periapiakal gigi nekrosis dengan lesi periapikal pada bulan November 2018 – Januari 2019 di Instalasi Radiologi Kedokteran Gigi RSGM Unpad. Sampel penelitian ditentukan dengan metode purposive sampling. Jumlah sampel sebanyak 54 radiograf periapikal. Hasil: Proporsi gambaran radiografis lesi periapikal yaitu abses periapikal sebanyak 42 kasus (77,78%), granuloma periapikal 8 kasus (14,81%) dan kista periapikal 4 kasus (7,40 %). Simpulan: Proporsi gambaran radiografis lesi periapikal gigi nekrosis di RSGM Unpad didapatkan proporsi tertinggi adalah abses periapikal diikuti granuloma periapikal dan yang terakhir adalah kista periapikal.Kata Kunci: Gigi nekrosis, lesi periapikal, radiograf periapikal ABSTRACTIntroduction: Caries is the most common disease. In 2013, tooth decay of Indonesian people was 460 teeth per 100 people. If left untreated, it will develop, leading to pulp death and will spread, causing periapical infection. In 2010, pulp and periapical diseases were ranked 7th out of the ten most diseases in outpatients of the hospitals in Indonesia. A radiographic technique that can be used for the diagnosis of pulp and periapical disease is a periapical radiographic technique. This study was aimed to obtain information about the radiographic image proportion of necrotic teeth periapical lesions at Universitas Padjadjaran Dental Hospital. Methods: This study was descriptive, with study population was all radiographs of the necrotic teeth periapical lesions in November 2018 - January 2019 at Dentomaxillofacial Radiology Installation of Universitas Padjadjaran Dental Hospital. The research sample was determined by purposive sampling method. The number of samples was 54 periapical radiographs. Results: The radiographic image proportion of necrotic teeth periapical lesions, namely periapical abscesses in 42 cases (77.78%), periapical granuloma in 8 cases (14.81%) and periapical cysts in 4 cases (7.40%). Conclusion: The radiographic image proportion of necrotic teeth periapical lesions at Universitas Padjadjaran Dental Hospital mostly are periapical abscesses, followed by periapical granuloma, and the least is periapical cysts.Keywords: Necrotic teeth, periapical lesions, periapical radiographs
引言:蛀牙是发生最多的疾病。2013年印尼社会蛀牙是460水果每100人的牙齿。如果不治疗会导致死亡果肉和发展导致periapikal感染传播。果肉和periapikal疾病自2010年参加第七届职位最多的十大疾病在医院门诊病人在印尼。一种可以用于肺叶和心包诊断的放射技术是一种实验性放疗技术。研究的目的是获取信息的比例在RSGM Unpad radiografis periapikal牙齿病变坏死的画面。方法:描述性研究类型。在2018年11月至2019年1月的RSGM Unpad牙科放射学中心，研究人员正在进行全口腔内真皮真皮坏死。研究样本由purposive抽样方法。样本数量多达54 radiograf periapikal。结果:放射病灶病灶的比例为42例(77.78%)、烧心癌8例(14.81%)和鞘囊肿4例(7.40%)。结:radiografis periapikal牙齿坏死病变在画面比例比例最高的是脓肿periapikal RSGM Unpad得到遵循granuloma periapikal和最后一个是periapikal囊肿。关键词:periapikal病变坏死,牙齿radiograf periapikal ABSTRACTIntroduction: Caries的就是最常见的疾病。在2013年,印尼人民之牙decay是460牙齿每100人。如果左边untreated,它将冲洗,领着到纸浆死亡和威尔利差,causing periapical感染。在2010年,纸浆和periapical diseases ranked第七out of ten头号diseases》在印尼outpatients of hospitals》。A radiographic技巧,以至于可以成为过去的纸浆和periapical之诊断疾病是个periapical radiographic技巧。这个研究是aimed radiographic proportion形象》为了得到资讯网关于necrotic牙齿periapical lesions at Padjadjaran大学牙科医院。研究方法:这是descriptive里,用之研究人口都是radiographs necrotic牙齿periapical lesions在2018年- 2019年1月11 at Dentomaxillofacial放射学Installation of Padjadjaran大学牙科医院。研究样本是intended由purposive抽样方法。样本是当家》54 periapical radiographs。Results:《necrotic radiographic形象proportion牙齿periapical lesions, namely periapical abscesses在42案子(77 . 78%),periapical granuloma在8案子(14 . 81%)和periapical cysts在4案子(40%)7。历史性radiographic proportion形象》:necrotic牙齿periapical lesions at Padjadjaran大学牙科医院基本上是periapical abscesses,跟着由periapical granuloma, and The至少是periapical cysts。安装:Necrotic牙齿,periapical lesions, periapical radiographs
{"title":"Proporsi gambaran radiografis lesi periapikal gigi nekrosis pada radiograf periapikalRadiographic image proportion of necrotic teeth periapical lesions on periapical radiographs","authors":"Istri Utami, F. Pramanik, L. Epsilawati","doi":"10.24198/PJDRS.V3I1.22306","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.24198/PJDRS.V3I1.22306","url":null,"abstract":"Pendahuluan: Karies merupakan penyakit yang paling banyak terjadi. Pada tahun 2013 kerusakan gigi masyarakat Indonesia adalah 460 buah gigi per 100 orang. Jika dibiarkan tidak dirawat akan berkembang mengarah pada kematian pulpa dan akan menyebar menyebabkan infeksi periapikal. Tahun 2010 penyakit pulpa dan periapikal menempati posisi ke 7 dari 10 penyakit terbanyak pada pasien rawat jalan di rumah sakit di Indonesia. Teknik radiograf yang dapat digunakan untuk diagnosis penyakit pulpa dan periapikal adalah teknik radiografi periapikal. Tujuan penelitian adalah mendapatkan informasi mengenai proporsi gambaran radiografis lesi periapikal gigi nekrosis di RSGM Unpad. Metode: Jenis penelitian deskriptif. Populasi penelitian adalah seluruh radiograf periapiakal gigi nekrosis dengan lesi periapikal pada bulan November 2018 – Januari 2019 di Instalasi Radiologi Kedokteran Gigi RSGM Unpad. Sampel penelitian ditentukan dengan metode purposive sampling. Jumlah sampel sebanyak 54 radiograf periapikal. Hasil: Proporsi gambaran radiografis lesi periapikal yaitu abses periapikal sebanyak 42 kasus (77,78%), granuloma periapikal 8 kasus (14,81%) dan kista periapikal 4 kasus (7,40 %). Simpulan: Proporsi gambaran radiografis lesi periapikal gigi nekrosis di RSGM Unpad didapatkan proporsi tertinggi adalah abses periapikal diikuti granuloma periapikal dan yang terakhir adalah kista periapikal.Kata Kunci: Gigi nekrosis, lesi periapikal, radiograf periapikal ABSTRACTIntroduction: Caries is the most common disease. In 2013, tooth decay of Indonesian people was 460 teeth per 100 people. If left untreated, it will develop, leading to pulp death and will spread, causing periapical infection. In 2010, pulp and periapical diseases were ranked 7th out of the ten most diseases in outpatients of the hospitals in Indonesia. A radiographic technique that can be used for the diagnosis of pulp and periapical disease is a periapical radiographic technique. This study was aimed to obtain information about the radiographic image proportion of necrotic teeth periapical lesions at Universitas Padjadjaran Dental Hospital. Methods: This study was descriptive, with study population was all radiographs of the necrotic teeth periapical lesions in November 2018 - January 2019 at Dentomaxillofacial Radiology Installation of Universitas Padjadjaran Dental Hospital. The research sample was determined by purposive sampling method. The number of samples was 54 periapical radiographs. Results: The radiographic image proportion of necrotic teeth periapical lesions, namely periapical abscesses in 42 cases (77.78%), periapical granuloma in 8 cases (14.81%) and periapical cysts in 4 cases (7.40%). Conclusion: The radiographic image proportion of necrotic teeth periapical lesions at Universitas Padjadjaran Dental Hospital mostly are periapical abscesses, followed by periapical granuloma, and the least is periapical cysts.Keywords: Necrotic teeth, periapical lesions, periapical radiographs","PeriodicalId":394272,"journal":{"name":"Padjadjaran Journal of Dental Researchers and Students","volume":"52 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-07-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130031769","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pendahuluan: Maloklusi adalah ketidaksesuaian hubungan gigi dan rahang yang dapat menimbulkan beberapa dampak. Salah satu dampak maloklusi adalah retensi plak yang memicu terjadinya karies karena proses demineralisasi terjadi pada permukaan gigi yang berjejal dan sulit dibersihkan. Tujuan penelitian mengetahui hubungan antara tingkat keparahan maloklusi dengan status karies pada remaja di SMPN 1 Kota Cimahi. Metode: Jenis penelitian adalah analitik korelasional dengan pendekatan cross sectional. Populasi penelitian adalah seluruh remaja di SMPN 1 Kota Cimahi. Teknik sampling yang digunakan stratified random sampling. Pemeriksaan rongga mulut dilakukan pada 61 siswa usia 12-15 tahun, sebagai subyek penelitian. Penilaian tingkat keparahan maloklusi menggunakan indeks Handicapped Maloclussion Assesment Record (HMAR) dan penilaian status karies menggunakan indeks DMF-T. Hasil: Persentase maloklusi siswa SMP Negeri 1 Kota Cimahi sebesar 96,7%, sedangkan persentase karies didapat sebesar 83,6%. Tingkat keparahan maloklusi terbanyak yang ditemukan adalah kategori sangat berat, sangat perlu perawatan, sedangkan status karies yang paling banyak ditemukan adalah kategori moderat. Analisis korelasi menggunakan metode statistik Rank Spearman dan didapat nilai p=0,036 (p<0,05). Simpulan: Terdapat hubungan yang signifikan antara tingkat keparahan maloklusi dengan status karies pada remaja di SMP Negeri 1 Kota Cimahi.Kata kunci: Tingkat keparahan maloklusi, status karies, HMAR, DMF-T, remaja ABSTRACTIntroduction: Malocclusion is a misalignment between the teeth and jaws that can cause several effects. One of the malocclusion effects is plaque retention that triggers caries because the demineralisation process occurs on the crowded tooth surface, which is difficult to clean. The purpose of the study was to determine the relationship between the malocclusion severity and caries status in adolescents at 1 Junior High School of Cimahi. Methods: This research was correlational analytic with a cross-sectional approach. The study population was all adolescents at 1 Junior High School of Cimahi. The sampling technique used was stratified random sampling. Oral examination was performed on 61 students aged 12-15 years old, as the subject of the study. Assessment of malocclusion severity was performed using the Handicapped Malocclusion Assessment Record (HMAR) index, and assessment of caries status was performed using the DMF-T index. Results: Percentage of malocclusion of students in 1 Junior High School of Cimahi was 96.7%, while the percentage of caries was 83.6%. The highest malocclusion severity found was a very severe category, intensive treatment necessary; while the most found caries status was a moderate category. Correlation analysis was performed using Rank Spearman statistical method which obtained the p-value = 0.036 (p < 0.05). Conclusion: There is a significant relationship between the malocclusion severity and caries status in adolescents at 1 Junior High
{"title":"Hubungan tingkat keparahan maloklusi dengan status karies pada remajaRelationship of malocclusion severity with caries status in adolescents","authors":"Raka Putri Dayataka, Hilda Herawati, Rudi Satria Darwis","doi":"10.24198/PJDRS.V2I2.22224","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.24198/PJDRS.V2I2.22224","url":null,"abstract":"Pendahuluan: Maloklusi adalah ketidaksesuaian hubungan gigi dan rahang yang dapat menimbulkan beberapa dampak. Salah satu dampak maloklusi adalah retensi plak yang memicu terjadinya karies karena proses demineralisasi terjadi pada permukaan gigi yang berjejal dan sulit dibersihkan. Tujuan penelitian mengetahui hubungan antara tingkat keparahan maloklusi dengan status karies pada remaja di SMPN 1 Kota Cimahi. Metode: Jenis penelitian adalah analitik korelasional dengan pendekatan cross sectional. Populasi penelitian adalah seluruh remaja di SMPN 1 Kota Cimahi. Teknik sampling yang digunakan stratified random sampling. Pemeriksaan rongga mulut dilakukan pada 61 siswa usia 12-15 tahun, sebagai subyek penelitian. Penilaian tingkat keparahan maloklusi menggunakan indeks Handicapped Maloclussion Assesment Record (HMAR) dan penilaian status karies menggunakan indeks DMF-T. Hasil: Persentase maloklusi siswa SMP Negeri 1 Kota Cimahi sebesar 96,7%, sedangkan persentase karies didapat sebesar 83,6%. Tingkat keparahan maloklusi terbanyak yang ditemukan adalah kategori sangat berat, sangat perlu perawatan, sedangkan status karies yang paling banyak ditemukan adalah kategori moderat. Analisis korelasi menggunakan metode statistik Rank Spearman dan didapat nilai p=0,036 (p<0,05). Simpulan: Terdapat hubungan yang signifikan antara tingkat keparahan maloklusi dengan status karies pada remaja di SMP Negeri 1 Kota Cimahi.Kata kunci: Tingkat keparahan maloklusi, status karies, HMAR, DMF-T, remaja ABSTRACTIntroduction: Malocclusion is a misalignment between the teeth and jaws that can cause several effects. One of the malocclusion effects is plaque retention that triggers caries because the demineralisation process occurs on the crowded tooth surface, which is difficult to clean. The purpose of the study was to determine the relationship between the malocclusion severity and caries status in adolescents at 1 Junior High School of Cimahi. Methods: This research was correlational analytic with a cross-sectional approach. The study population was all adolescents at 1 Junior High School of Cimahi. The sampling technique used was stratified random sampling. Oral examination was performed on 61 students aged 12-15 years old, as the subject of the study. Assessment of malocclusion severity was performed using the Handicapped Malocclusion Assessment Record (HMAR) index, and assessment of caries status was performed using the DMF-T index. Results: Percentage of malocclusion of students in 1 Junior High School of Cimahi was 96.7%, while the percentage of caries was 83.6%. The highest malocclusion severity found was a very severe category, intensive treatment necessary; while the most found caries status was a moderate category. Correlation analysis was performed using Rank Spearman statistical method which obtained the p-value = 0.036 (p < 0.05). Conclusion: There is a significant relationship between the malocclusion severity and caries status in adolescents at 1 Junior High ","PeriodicalId":394272,"journal":{"name":"Padjadjaran Journal of Dental Researchers and Students","volume":"60 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-07-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"115316480","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2019-02-26DOI: 10.24198/pjdrs.v3i1.21448
Maghfira Indriawati Iswiningtyas, K. Sari, Riani Setiadhi
{"title":"Nilai gula darah 2 jam post prandial pada pasien Diabetes Melitus tipe II dengan kecepatan pengunyahan terkontrolBlood sugar level 2 hours postprandial in patients with type II diabetes mellitus with controlled mastication speed","authors":"Maghfira Indriawati Iswiningtyas, K. Sari, Riani Setiadhi","doi":"10.24198/pjdrs.v3i1.21448","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.24198/pjdrs.v3i1.21448","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":394272,"journal":{"name":"Padjadjaran Journal of Dental Researchers and Students","volume":"70 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-02-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"121180572","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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