Pub Date : 2020-01-01DOI: 10.1515/jirspa-2020-0019
C. Haight, S. Moritz, Tanis J. Walch
Abstract The relationships among the time of imagery use on performance and self-efficacy in college baseball players during a hitting task was examined. Participants (n=24) were randomly assigned to one of three imagery conditions: (a) before practice, (b) during practice, (c) after practice. A one-shot MG-M imagery intervention was used. Results from a 3 (imagery group) ×2 (pretest and posttest) repeated measures ANOVA showed only a significant time by imagery group interaction for self-efficacy (F (2, 21)=4.67, p<0.05). These findings suggest that imagery had a stronger psychological effect than physical effect.
{"title":"Time of imagery’s effect on performance and self-efficacy in college baseball players","authors":"C. Haight, S. Moritz, Tanis J. Walch","doi":"10.1515/jirspa-2020-0019","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1515/jirspa-2020-0019","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract The relationships among the time of imagery use on performance and self-efficacy in college baseball players during a hitting task was examined. Participants (n=24) were randomly assigned to one of three imagery conditions: (a) before practice, (b) during practice, (c) after practice. A one-shot MG-M imagery intervention was used. Results from a 3 (imagery group) ×2 (pretest and posttest) repeated measures ANOVA showed only a significant time by imagery group interaction for self-efficacy (F (2, 21)=4.67, p<0.05). These findings suggest that imagery had a stronger psychological effect than physical effect.","PeriodicalId":39479,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Imagery Research in Sport and Physical Activity","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1515/jirspa-2020-0019","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47022728","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2019-11-15DOI: 10.1515/jirspa-2020-0018
Frank O. Ely, K. Munroe-Chandler, J. O, P. McCullagh
Abstract Objectives The purpose of the current study was to explore the development of practical imagery recommendations in sport over the past 25 years. Methods Empirical journal articles (n=500) were reviewed to identify those that explored imagery in sport, contained original data, and provided practical recommendations for imagery use in applied practice (n=94). Further, a thematic analysis was employed to determine general (i.e., categories of recommendations) and specific (i.e., suggestion for applied practice) recommendations. Results Seven distinct general recommendations were found for imagery use in sport with a variety of specific recommendations intended for applied practice. Further, a number of specific recommendations were found repeatedly across time while others increased in complexity over time. Conclusions The results of the current study suggest that the literature on applied imagery use in sport is well-developed, however, concerns regarding the adoption of practical recommendations do exist. Future directions for applied imagery researchers are also forwarded.
{"title":"The practice of imagery: a review of 25 Years of applied sport imagery recommendations","authors":"Frank O. Ely, K. Munroe-Chandler, J. O, P. McCullagh","doi":"10.1515/jirspa-2020-0018","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1515/jirspa-2020-0018","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Objectives The purpose of the current study was to explore the development of practical imagery recommendations in sport over the past 25 years. Methods Empirical journal articles (n=500) were reviewed to identify those that explored imagery in sport, contained original data, and provided practical recommendations for imagery use in applied practice (n=94). Further, a thematic analysis was employed to determine general (i.e., categories of recommendations) and specific (i.e., suggestion for applied practice) recommendations. Results Seven distinct general recommendations were found for imagery use in sport with a variety of specific recommendations intended for applied practice. Further, a number of specific recommendations were found repeatedly across time while others increased in complexity over time. Conclusions The results of the current study suggest that the literature on applied imagery use in sport is well-developed, however, concerns regarding the adoption of practical recommendations do exist. Future directions for applied imagery researchers are also forwarded.","PeriodicalId":39479,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Imagery Research in Sport and Physical Activity","volume":"15 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-11-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1515/jirspa-2020-0018","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49239960","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2019-01-01DOI: 10.1515/jirspa-2018-0010
Ebrahim Norouzi, Rasool Norouzi Seyed Hossini, M. Afroozeh, Mohammad Vaezmosavi, M. Gerber, U. Puehse, S. Brand
Abstract While imagery techniques have been included in most psychological skills training programs for elite athletes, only few studies have investigated the effects of various components of imagery such as physical, environmental, tasking, timing, learning, emotion, and perspective (PETTLEP) in the context of motor learning among novice athletes. We tested whether external PETTLEP imagery and internal PETTLEP imagery were able to improve football pass skill acquisition more than a control condition, and thus enhance motor learning among novice players. A total of 45 male adolescent novice players (M = 14.65 years, SD = 1.34) were randomly assigned to the following three study conditions: external PETTLEP imagery, internal PETTLEP imagery, and a control condition. At the beginning, and four weeks after randomization, football pass skill performance was measured objectively. Football pass skill performance improved over time in all groups, but more so in the external PETTLEP imagery and internal PETTLEP imagery condition compared to the control condition. At the retention-test, the highest pass skill performance was observed in the external PETTLEP imagery condition. The findings suggest that among adolescent novice football players, compared to internal PETTLEP imagery and a control condition, external PETTLEP imagery led to the highest improvement in football pass skill performance. The PETTLEP imagery thus appears to have the potential to enhance the gross motor skills acquisition of novice athletes who seek to become elite players.
{"title":"Examining the Effectiveness of a PETTLEP Imagery Intervention on the Football Skill Performance of Novice Athletes","authors":"Ebrahim Norouzi, Rasool Norouzi Seyed Hossini, M. Afroozeh, Mohammad Vaezmosavi, M. Gerber, U. Puehse, S. Brand","doi":"10.1515/jirspa-2018-0010","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1515/jirspa-2018-0010","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract While imagery techniques have been included in most psychological skills training programs for elite athletes, only few studies have investigated the effects of various components of imagery such as physical, environmental, tasking, timing, learning, emotion, and perspective (PETTLEP) in the context of motor learning among novice athletes. We tested whether external PETTLEP imagery and internal PETTLEP imagery were able to improve football pass skill acquisition more than a control condition, and thus enhance motor learning among novice players. A total of 45 male adolescent novice players (M = 14.65 years, SD = 1.34) were randomly assigned to the following three study conditions: external PETTLEP imagery, internal PETTLEP imagery, and a control condition. At the beginning, and four weeks after randomization, football pass skill performance was measured objectively. Football pass skill performance improved over time in all groups, but more so in the external PETTLEP imagery and internal PETTLEP imagery condition compared to the control condition. At the retention-test, the highest pass skill performance was observed in the external PETTLEP imagery condition. The findings suggest that among adolescent novice football players, compared to internal PETTLEP imagery and a control condition, external PETTLEP imagery led to the highest improvement in football pass skill performance. The PETTLEP imagery thus appears to have the potential to enhance the gross motor skills acquisition of novice athletes who seek to become elite players.","PeriodicalId":39479,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Imagery Research in Sport and Physical Activity","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1515/jirspa-2018-0010","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48488186","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2019-01-01DOI: 10.1515/jirspa-2019-0011
A. Wallace, L. Blom, T. Gretton
Abstract Consistent evidence suggests the effectiveness of mental imagery (MI) for improving strength training performance (STP). However, strength and conditioning (S&C) coaches infrequently encourage use of MI, potentially believing athletes perceive it to be ineffective in supporting STP Additionally, psychoeducation has been found to affect perceptions regarding information presented. The purpose of this study was to assess the perceptions and desires of athletes regarding the effectiveness and use of MI to support STP. The impact of an animated psychoeducation video on perceptions of effectiveness and desires to learn more about MI for STP was assessed as well. 47 NCAA Division I student athletes (various sports; female: n = 34) participated in the pre-post study. Participants’ use of MI, S&C coaches’ encouragement of MI, perceptions of MI effectiveness on STP, and interest in learning more about MI to support STP were initially assessed. Following a two-minute video, participants’ perceptions of MI effectiveness on STP and interest in learning more about MI to support STP were reassessed. Significant increases were found in participants’ perceptions of MI effectiveness to support STP (p < 0.05). No significant changes were noticed regarding athletes’ desires to learn more about MI to support STP. Although potentially uninterested in learning more about MI, student athletes indeed perceive MI to be effective, especially after provided with information. Encouragement of MI by S&C coaches to their student athletes is warranted.
{"title":"Mental Imagery and Strength Training: Student Athletes’ Perceptions, Desires, and the Impact of Psychoeducation","authors":"A. Wallace, L. Blom, T. Gretton","doi":"10.1515/jirspa-2019-0011","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1515/jirspa-2019-0011","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Consistent evidence suggests the effectiveness of mental imagery (MI) for improving strength training performance (STP). However, strength and conditioning (S&C) coaches infrequently encourage use of MI, potentially believing athletes perceive it to be ineffective in supporting STP Additionally, psychoeducation has been found to affect perceptions regarding information presented. The purpose of this study was to assess the perceptions and desires of athletes regarding the effectiveness and use of MI to support STP. The impact of an animated psychoeducation video on perceptions of effectiveness and desires to learn more about MI for STP was assessed as well. 47 NCAA Division I student athletes (various sports; female: n = 34) participated in the pre-post study. Participants’ use of MI, S&C coaches’ encouragement of MI, perceptions of MI effectiveness on STP, and interest in learning more about MI to support STP were initially assessed. Following a two-minute video, participants’ perceptions of MI effectiveness on STP and interest in learning more about MI to support STP were reassessed. Significant increases were found in participants’ perceptions of MI effectiveness to support STP (p < 0.05). No significant changes were noticed regarding athletes’ desires to learn more about MI to support STP. Although potentially uninterested in learning more about MI, student athletes indeed perceive MI to be effective, especially after provided with information. Encouragement of MI by S&C coaches to their student athletes is warranted.","PeriodicalId":39479,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Imagery Research in Sport and Physical Activity","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1515/jirspa-2019-0011","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48350928","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2019-01-01DOI: 10.1515/jirspa-2018-0011
James Bierton, A. Gorman, Michael Lloyd, Alexandra Gorman, J. Parker, G. Lovell
Abstract The aims of this research were to determine if metacognitive beliefs predicted Intrusive Visual Imagery (IVI) in elite athletes, and if this was consistent across performance contexts. To address these aims, 110 elite cricket and AFL players completed the 30-item metacognitions questionnaire and intrusive visual imagery questionnaire before a training session and competitive match. Regression analyses indicated that the Negative Beliefs about the Uncontrollability of Thoughts and Their Danger metacognition and Need to Control Thoughts metacognition predicted IVI in both contexts. Findings were interpreted within the Self-Regulatory Executive Function model. It was suggested that extra attentional control is exerted to prevent the conscious experience of a negative belief, which prompts an image related to the belief being experienced, which is perceived as intrusive. Results also suggested that athletes are less likely to experience IVI before competing, possibly due to greater monitoring of thoughts. Implications for these findings are discussed.
{"title":"Investigating the Predictors of Intrusive Visual Imagery in Elite Athletes","authors":"James Bierton, A. Gorman, Michael Lloyd, Alexandra Gorman, J. Parker, G. Lovell","doi":"10.1515/jirspa-2018-0011","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1515/jirspa-2018-0011","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract The aims of this research were to determine if metacognitive beliefs predicted Intrusive Visual Imagery (IVI) in elite athletes, and if this was consistent across performance contexts. To address these aims, 110 elite cricket and AFL players completed the 30-item metacognitions questionnaire and intrusive visual imagery questionnaire before a training session and competitive match. Regression analyses indicated that the Negative Beliefs about the Uncontrollability of Thoughts and Their Danger metacognition and Need to Control Thoughts metacognition predicted IVI in both contexts. Findings were interpreted within the Self-Regulatory Executive Function model. It was suggested that extra attentional control is exerted to prevent the conscious experience of a negative belief, which prompts an image related to the belief being experienced, which is perceived as intrusive. Results also suggested that athletes are less likely to experience IVI before competing, possibly due to greater monitoring of thoughts. Implications for these findings are discussed.","PeriodicalId":39479,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Imagery Research in Sport and Physical Activity","volume":"14 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1515/jirspa-2018-0011","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41613116","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2019-01-01DOI: 10.1515/jirspa-2018-0012
Joana Ribeiro, Cláudia Dias, V. Filho, J. Cruz, A. Fonseca
Abstract This article presents a scoping review of the published literature on mental imagery in the context of volleyball. Four online databases and one peer-reviewed journals were searched, based on the inclusion criteria. Publication information, procedures and research methods, sample characteristics, sport type and type of mental imagery were analyzed. The selection process found 52 studies, and results showed that from 1987 to 2018 the mental images, along with other psychological skills, have gained popularity in volleyball settings. The examined studies used cross-sectional and experimental approaches, and the analysis was assessed by quantitative data and/ or mental imagery training programs (with relaxation and scripts), mainly focusing on the isolated analysis of the mental imagery construct, and evaluating its use. The studies included both male and female participants, but only 11% were volleyball players. Additionally, the focus was on adolescents and young adult athletes, mostly from high school/ university or international/ elite levels. However, just two studies examined athletes under the age of 16. Considering the present study’s results, limitations, and its implications for practice (e. g. to provide the coach certification programs with specific mental imagery contents), future research directions were highlighted, such as improve mental imagery training programs for children and youth volleyball players.
{"title":"Mental Imagery in Volleyball Settings: A Scoping Review","authors":"Joana Ribeiro, Cláudia Dias, V. Filho, J. Cruz, A. Fonseca","doi":"10.1515/jirspa-2018-0012","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1515/jirspa-2018-0012","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract This article presents a scoping review of the published literature on mental imagery in the context of volleyball. Four online databases and one peer-reviewed journals were searched, based on the inclusion criteria. Publication information, procedures and research methods, sample characteristics, sport type and type of mental imagery were analyzed. The selection process found 52 studies, and results showed that from 1987 to 2018 the mental images, along with other psychological skills, have gained popularity in volleyball settings. The examined studies used cross-sectional and experimental approaches, and the analysis was assessed by quantitative data and/ or mental imagery training programs (with relaxation and scripts), mainly focusing on the isolated analysis of the mental imagery construct, and evaluating its use. The studies included both male and female participants, but only 11% were volleyball players. Additionally, the focus was on adolescents and young adult athletes, mostly from high school/ university or international/ elite levels. However, just two studies examined athletes under the age of 16. Considering the present study’s results, limitations, and its implications for practice (e. g. to provide the coach certification programs with specific mental imagery contents), future research directions were highlighted, such as improve mental imagery training programs for children and youth volleyball players.","PeriodicalId":39479,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Imagery Research in Sport and Physical Activity","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1515/jirspa-2018-0012","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42619217","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2019-01-01DOI: 10.1515/jirspa-2019-0009
V. Storm, T. Utesch
Abstract Objective Motor impairments after stroke can lead to limitations in functional performance and mental health. Previous systematic reviews and meta-analyses have mainly assessed randomized clinical trials of mental practice interventions (MPI) among stroke patients, focusing on physical outcomes. However, mentally rehearsing a motor movement might increase a patient’s self-confidence within the recovery process and thus also lead to positive effects on psychological outcomes. Therefore, we aim to investigate the effectiveness of MPI on psychological health outcomes. Methods We performed a systematic review of RCTs according to PRISMA guidelines. 16.125 records were identified through PubMed, Web of Science, Science Direct, and Cochrane resulting in 8.573 documents after duplicates were removed. After excluding 8.507 documents during title and abstract screening, 64 could be full-text screened. All clinical and randomized controlled trials designed to investigate the effects of mental practice on psychological health in adult patients after stroke were considered eligible. Results Six studies met the eligibility criteria and were included in the qualitative analysis. The six included studies partly showed positive effects of MPI on psychological health such as quality of life, stroke-specific quality of life, fall-related self-efficacy, positive and negative affect but not on anxiety and depression. Overall, the methodological power is lacking. The included studies differ substantially regarding study design, sample size, intervention protocol and psychological health operationalization. Conclusions The results show inconsistent effects of MPI on psychological health. More systematic research is needed to investigate the effects of MPI on psychological health and give several recommendations for future research.
摘要目的脑卒中后的运动功能障碍会导致功能表现和心理健康受到限制。先前的系统综述和荟萃分析主要评估了脑卒中患者心理实践干预（MPI）的随机临床试验，重点关注身体结果。然而，在心理上排练运动可能会增加患者在康复过程中的自信心，从而对心理结果产生积极影响。因此，我们旨在研究MPI对心理健康结果的有效性。方法根据PRISMA指南对随机对照试验进行系统回顾。通过PubMed、Web of Science、Science Direct和Cochrane确定了16.125份记录，在删除重复项后产生了8.573份文件。在标题和摘要筛选期间排除8.507个文档后，可以对64个文档进行全文筛选。所有旨在研究心理实践对中风后成年患者心理健康影响的临床和随机对照试验都被认为是合格的。结果6项研究符合资格标准并纳入定性分析。这六项研究部分显示了MPI对心理健康的积极影响，如生活质量、中风特有的生活质量、跌倒相关的自我效能感、积极和消极影响，但对焦虑和抑郁没有影响。总体而言，缺乏方法论的力量。纳入的研究在研究设计、样本量、干预方案和心理健康操作方面存在很大差异。结论MPI对心理健康的影响不一致。需要更系统的研究来调查MPI对心理健康的影响，并为未来的研究提出一些建议。
{"title":"The Effectiveness of Mental Practice Interventions on Psychological Health in Stroke Patients: A Systematic Review","authors":"V. Storm, T. Utesch","doi":"10.1515/jirspa-2019-0009","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1515/jirspa-2019-0009","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Objective Motor impairments after stroke can lead to limitations in functional performance and mental health. Previous systematic reviews and meta-analyses have mainly assessed randomized clinical trials of mental practice interventions (MPI) among stroke patients, focusing on physical outcomes. However, mentally rehearsing a motor movement might increase a patient’s self-confidence within the recovery process and thus also lead to positive effects on psychological outcomes. Therefore, we aim to investigate the effectiveness of MPI on psychological health outcomes. Methods We performed a systematic review of RCTs according to PRISMA guidelines. 16.125 records were identified through PubMed, Web of Science, Science Direct, and Cochrane resulting in 8.573 documents after duplicates were removed. After excluding 8.507 documents during title and abstract screening, 64 could be full-text screened. All clinical and randomized controlled trials designed to investigate the effects of mental practice on psychological health in adult patients after stroke were considered eligible. Results Six studies met the eligibility criteria and were included in the qualitative analysis. The six included studies partly showed positive effects of MPI on psychological health such as quality of life, stroke-specific quality of life, fall-related self-efficacy, positive and negative affect but not on anxiety and depression. Overall, the methodological power is lacking. The included studies differ substantially regarding study design, sample size, intervention protocol and psychological health operationalization. Conclusions The results show inconsistent effects of MPI on psychological health. More systematic research is needed to investigate the effects of MPI on psychological health and give several recommendations for future research.","PeriodicalId":39479,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Imagery Research in Sport and Physical Activity","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1515/jirspa-2019-0009","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48535027","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2018-11-03DOI: 10.1515/jirspa-2018-0008
M. Guerrero, K. Chandler
Abstract A 4-week quasi-experimental intervention was conducted to examine the effects of imagery on sub-domains of physical literacy (i.e., motivation, confidence, perceived physical competence, and motor competence). Children (N = 9; Mage = 9.11, SD = 0.60) from two sport programs participated in the study. Those in the imagery + physical practice condition received imagery training sessions coupled with physical practice, while those in the physical practice condition only received physical practice. Frequentist and Bayesian statistics showed no between-condition differences at post-intervention; however, results showed that the imagery + physical practice condition reported greater perceived physical competence and received higher scores on motor competence from pre- to post-intervention. Implications for physical activity stakeholders are discussed.
{"title":"Using Imagery to Improve Sub-Domains of Physical Literacy","authors":"M. Guerrero, K. Chandler","doi":"10.1515/jirspa-2018-0008","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1515/jirspa-2018-0008","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract A 4-week quasi-experimental intervention was conducted to examine the effects of imagery on sub-domains of physical literacy (i.e., motivation, confidence, perceived physical competence, and motor competence). Children (N = 9; Mage = 9.11, SD = 0.60) from two sport programs participated in the study. Those in the imagery + physical practice condition received imagery training sessions coupled with physical practice, while those in the physical practice condition only received physical practice. Frequentist and Bayesian statistics showed no between-condition differences at post-intervention; however, results showed that the imagery + physical practice condition reported greater perceived physical competence and received higher scores on motor competence from pre- to post-intervention. Implications for physical activity stakeholders are discussed.","PeriodicalId":39479,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Imagery Research in Sport and Physical Activity","volume":"13 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-11-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1515/jirspa-2018-0008","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45840207","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2018-08-23DOI: 10.1515/jirspa-2017-0012
Stefanie Pietsch, P. Jansen
Abstract Physically active people show better visual-spatial abilities than physically inactive people. Especially athletes with response times based on competition times, such as wrestling, outperform other athletes. This quasi-experimental study examines the relationship of long-term activity in sport climbing, which is a typical non-response time-based leisure activity, and mental rotation and spatial visualization performance. Climbers outperformed other athletes in mental rotation, but not in spatial visualization tasks. That could be based on their experience with mainly holistic movement patterns.
{"title":"Climbing Sports Effect Specific Visual-Spatial Abilities","authors":"Stefanie Pietsch, P. Jansen","doi":"10.1515/jirspa-2017-0012","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1515/jirspa-2017-0012","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Physically active people show better visual-spatial abilities than physically inactive people. Especially athletes with response times based on competition times, such as wrestling, outperform other athletes. This quasi-experimental study examines the relationship of long-term activity in sport climbing, which is a typical non-response time-based leisure activity, and mental rotation and spatial visualization performance. Climbers outperformed other athletes in mental rotation, but not in spatial visualization tasks. That could be based on their experience with mainly holistic movement patterns.","PeriodicalId":39479,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Imagery Research in Sport and Physical Activity","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-08-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1515/jirspa-2017-0012","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46060604","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2017-05-05DOI: 10.1515/jirspa-2016-0009
Elizabeth A. Marshall, A. Gibson
Abstract Acrobatic gymnastics is a unique sport due to the different mixes of gender, age and number of gymnasts working in each partnership, however psychological skills training within this domain is currently unknown. The aim of this study was to examine the effect of an imagery training intervention on acrobatic performance, self-confidence and anxiety in acrobatic gymnastics. Participants (n=19) completed the Sport Imagery Questionnaire and the Competitive State Anxiety Inventory 2 prior to performing their competition routine. They were then randomly assigned to a 4 week imagery training intervention (n=11) or control group (n=8). Repeated measures ANOVAs were used to examine changes in acrobatic performance, levels of self-confidence and anxiety. The imagery intervention significantly increased acrobats’ self-confidence, however imagery did not significantly reduce anxiety or improve acrobatic performance. Future research should consider adopting a longer intervention period to elicit a reduction in anxiety levels and an enhancement of acrobatic performance.
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