Pub Date : 2023-06-01DOI: 10.1353/ras.2023.a900782
Danny Wong Tze Ken
Abstract:In recent years, the Internet and social media have opened discourse on history in the public sphere. Once the preserve of professional historians and schoolteachers, and confined to academic journals, monographs, occasional papers, and conference presentations, discussions on history now take place on social media. Professional historians once focused on historiography—the way history is written and represented—inter alia Euro-centric versus Asian-centric/Malaysian-centric perspectives, the poverty of historicism, post-colonial studies, and the value of Marxist, sub-altern, or gendered analysis. Ordinary people now do research on history and take on the role of netizen historian, and public involvement extends beyond museum displays and occasional newspaper forums.
{"title":"History in the Malaysian Public Sphere","authors":"Danny Wong Tze Ken","doi":"10.1353/ras.2023.a900782","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1353/ras.2023.a900782","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract:In recent years, the Internet and social media have opened discourse on history in the public sphere. Once the preserve of professional historians and schoolteachers, and confined to academic journals, monographs, occasional papers, and conference presentations, discussions on history now take place on social media. Professional historians once focused on historiography—the way history is written and represented—inter alia Euro-centric versus Asian-centric/Malaysian-centric perspectives, the poverty of historicism, post-colonial studies, and the value of Marxist, sub-altern, or gendered analysis. Ordinary people now do research on history and take on the role of netizen historian, and public involvement extends beyond museum displays and occasional newspaper forums.","PeriodicalId":39524,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the Malaysian Branch of the Royal Asiatic Society","volume":"96 1","pages":"1 - 19"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43000971","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-06-01DOI: 10.1353/ras.2023.a900783
A. Milner
Abstract:Although much has been written on Islamization in Island Southeast Asia, scholars have puzzled about why conversion did not take place before the 13th century. Taking a history of ideas approach, this essay seeks to examine the process from the perspective of the local rulers—noting the centrality of monarchy in the socio-political configuration of the region. It argues that in early Islamic history, some doctrines influential in Muslim communities were hostile to monarchy and bound to be distasteful to Southeast Asian rulers. When monarchy began to be viewed more positively as an institution in the wider Muslim world—partly because of the impact of Persian ideas, and also influenced by the Sufi idea of the ‘Perfect Man’— significant obstacles to conversion were removed.Having argued why conversion did not take place earlier, the later part of the essay reviews the debate about why the rulers converted at all. After considering political and economic drivers, the question is asked why scholarly analysis has given relatively little attention to specifically religious motivations for conversion.
{"title":"The Timing of Islamization in Southeast Asia: Local Agency, and the Challenge of Analysing Religious Conversion","authors":"A. Milner","doi":"10.1353/ras.2023.a900783","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1353/ras.2023.a900783","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract:Although much has been written on Islamization in Island Southeast Asia, scholars have puzzled about why conversion did not take place before the 13th century. Taking a history of ideas approach, this essay seeks to examine the process from the perspective of the local rulers—noting the centrality of monarchy in the socio-political configuration of the region. It argues that in early Islamic history, some doctrines influential in Muslim communities were hostile to monarchy and bound to be distasteful to Southeast Asian rulers. When monarchy began to be viewed more positively as an institution in the wider Muslim world—partly because of the impact of Persian ideas, and also influenced by the Sufi idea of the ‘Perfect Man’— significant obstacles to conversion were removed.Having argued why conversion did not take place earlier, the later part of the essay reviews the debate about why the rulers converted at all. After considering political and economic drivers, the question is asked why scholarly analysis has given relatively little attention to specifically religious motivations for conversion.","PeriodicalId":39524,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the Malaysian Branch of the Royal Asiatic Society","volume":"96 1","pages":"21 - 49"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48892701","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-06-01DOI: 10.1353/ras.2023.a900792
Jason Lim
{"title":"An Illustrious Heritage: The History of Tan Tock Seng and Family ed. by Kua Bak Lim, Lim How Seng and Roney Tan (review)","authors":"Jason Lim","doi":"10.1353/ras.2023.a900792","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1353/ras.2023.a900792","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":39524,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the Malaysian Branch of the Royal Asiatic Society","volume":"96 1","pages":"163 - 164"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43443314","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-06-01DOI: 10.1353/ras.2023.a900793
Helen Ting
eminent philanthropists and a leader of the Chinese community’.6 Kua writes that ‘the common notion of Tan Tock Seng is that he rose from rages to riches’ and convincingly argues that ‘this is inaccurate’ (p. 5). With the extensive use of archival records, newspaper articles and oral history interviews, the book gives very detailed information about the role Tan Tock Seng and Tan Kim Ching played as traders and philanthropists in colonial Singapore. Sections 4.1 and 4.3 in Chapter 4 are particularly illuminating as the section authors reveal Tan Kim Ching’s connections with the Siamese court. The book examines Tan Tock Seng, Tan Kim Ching and Tan Boo Liat’s rise and decline as merchants vis-à-vis the economic progress of colonial Singapore. With complexities present as in any family history, it would have been better if the editors could place the Tan family tree at the beginning of the book rather than at p. 335. By focusing on Tan Tock Seng and several descendants, the book has focused on the ‘great men’ in colonial Singapore. For example, Tan Kim Ching’s son Tan Soon Toh is mentioned only once on p. 93. This unfortunately reflects the lack of archival records about Tan Soon Toh and other lesser-known members of the family. This book is highly recommended for readers who want to know what it was like to found and run a business in colonial Singapore, the history of buildings and institutions in colonial Singapore, and the experiences of a Singapore trader working as a consul for Siam which will be a very different social and political track from those appointed as consuls for the Qing Empire.
{"title":"Life After: Oral Histories of the May 13 Incident ed. by Tham Seen Hau et al (review)","authors":"Helen Ting","doi":"10.1353/ras.2023.a900793","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1353/ras.2023.a900793","url":null,"abstract":"eminent philanthropists and a leader of the Chinese community’.6 Kua writes that ‘the common notion of Tan Tock Seng is that he rose from rages to riches’ and convincingly argues that ‘this is inaccurate’ (p. 5). With the extensive use of archival records, newspaper articles and oral history interviews, the book gives very detailed information about the role Tan Tock Seng and Tan Kim Ching played as traders and philanthropists in colonial Singapore. Sections 4.1 and 4.3 in Chapter 4 are particularly illuminating as the section authors reveal Tan Kim Ching’s connections with the Siamese court. The book examines Tan Tock Seng, Tan Kim Ching and Tan Boo Liat’s rise and decline as merchants vis-à-vis the economic progress of colonial Singapore. With complexities present as in any family history, it would have been better if the editors could place the Tan family tree at the beginning of the book rather than at p. 335. By focusing on Tan Tock Seng and several descendants, the book has focused on the ‘great men’ in colonial Singapore. For example, Tan Kim Ching’s son Tan Soon Toh is mentioned only once on p. 93. This unfortunately reflects the lack of archival records about Tan Soon Toh and other lesser-known members of the family. This book is highly recommended for readers who want to know what it was like to found and run a business in colonial Singapore, the history of buildings and institutions in colonial Singapore, and the experiences of a Singapore trader working as a consul for Siam which will be a very different social and political track from those appointed as consuls for the Qing Empire.","PeriodicalId":39524,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the Malaysian Branch of the Royal Asiatic Society","volume":"96 1","pages":"164 - 166"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44266804","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-06-01DOI: 10.1353/ras.2023.a900788
P. Kratoska
Editor’s Note: The current issue of JMBRAS includes an article by F. Andrew Smith on the life of James Carnegie, a ‘country’ trader in Penang in the early 1800s. As the following documents indicate, private traders operating alongside the East India Company, known as country or free traders, faced many obstacles in addition to the normal vagaries of the market. Besides dealing with changing requirements imposed by Dutch and British administrators competing for dominance in the region, ships dealt with attacks on ships and their crews, navigation in and around the Straits of Melaka, and multiple currencies. Paul Kratoska
编者按:本期《JMBRAS》包括F. Andrew Smith撰写的一篇关于19世纪早期槟城“乡村”商人James Carnegie生平的文章。如以下文件所示，与东印度公司一起经营的私人贸易商，即所谓的国家或自由贸易商，除了面临市场正常的变幻莫测之外，还面临许多障碍。除了应对荷兰和英国行政当局为争夺该地区的统治地位而施加的不断变化的要求外，船只还要应对对船只及其船员的袭击，在马六甲海峡及其周围航行，以及多种货币。保罗Kratoska
{"title":"The Trading Environment in the Melaka Straits, c. 1800–1830","authors":"P. Kratoska","doi":"10.1353/ras.2023.a900788","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1353/ras.2023.a900788","url":null,"abstract":"Editor’s Note: The current issue of JMBRAS includes an article by F. Andrew Smith on the life of James Carnegie, a ‘country’ trader in Penang in the early 1800s. As the following documents indicate, private traders operating alongside the East India Company, known as country or free traders, faced many obstacles in addition to the normal vagaries of the market. Besides dealing with changing requirements imposed by Dutch and British administrators competing for dominance in the region, ships dealt with attacks on ships and their crews, navigation in and around the Straits of Melaka, and multiple currencies. Paul Kratoska","PeriodicalId":39524,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the Malaysian Branch of the Royal Asiatic Society","volume":"96 1","pages":"149 - 154"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46445052","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Paul H. Kratoska, Tham Junean, M. Samsudin, Fiona Williamson, Mathieu Guérin, Theophilus Kwek, Ahmad Husni, Mahani Musa, Theodore Hubback, Linda Lim, Pang Eng Fong, Faris Joraimi, D. Wong, Kwa Chong Guan, Lee Kam Hing, Hyun Kyung Lee, Jerry Dennerline, Ali Humayun Akhtar
Abstract:The article explores the British Royal Navy’s encounter with disease in the Straits of Malacca from 1794 to 1815. Naval patrols normally protected vessels visiting the entrepôt cities of Penang and Malacca from piracy and privateering, and the Napoleonic Wars in Europe raised fears of a potential threat posed by French and Dutch warships. Naval vessels carried out repairs and purchased provisions in the ports, sharing facilities with the British East India Company. Their crews needed access to medical care to treat a variety of diseases, some endemic on the ships and others, such as malaria, contracted on land, and Penang provided some hospital care. Illness caused attrition among seamen on board Royal Naval vessels, and finding replacements locally was impossible. The Straits of Malacca was healthier than Bengal and Batavia but owing to poor hygiene and a lack of understanding of the aetiology of tropical diseases, death rates remained high.
{"title":"Editor’s Note","authors":"Paul H. Kratoska, Tham Junean, M. Samsudin, Fiona Williamson, Mathieu Guérin, Theophilus Kwek, Ahmad Husni, Mahani Musa, Theodore Hubback, Linda Lim, Pang Eng Fong, Faris Joraimi, D. Wong, Kwa Chong Guan, Lee Kam Hing, Hyun Kyung Lee, Jerry Dennerline, Ali Humayun Akhtar","doi":"10.1353/ras.2022.0015","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1353/ras.2022.0015","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract:The article explores the British Royal Navy’s encounter with disease in the Straits of Malacca from 1794 to 1815. Naval patrols normally protected vessels visiting the entrepôt cities of Penang and Malacca from piracy and privateering, and the Napoleonic Wars in Europe raised fears of a potential threat posed by French and Dutch warships. Naval vessels carried out repairs and purchased provisions in the ports, sharing facilities with the British East India Company. Their crews needed access to medical care to treat a variety of diseases, some endemic on the ships and others, such as malaria, contracted on land, and Penang provided some hospital care. Illness caused attrition among seamen on board Royal Naval vessels, and finding replacements locally was impossible. The Straits of Malacca was healthier than Bengal and Batavia but owing to poor hygiene and a lack of understanding of the aetiology of tropical diseases, death rates remained high.","PeriodicalId":39524,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the Malaysian Branch of the Royal Asiatic Society","volume":"95 1","pages":"1 - 107 - 109 - 132 - 133 - 140 - 141 - 142 - 142 - 144 - 144 - 146 - 146 - 149 - 149 - 151 - 151 -"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-12-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46068689","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Sultan Sharafuddin, I. Shah, Ibni Almarhum, S. Salahuddin, A. A. Alhaj, Sultan Selangor, S. Pengiran, Perdana Wazir, Wal-Waqar Pengiran, Muda Mohamed Bolkiah
{"title":"Malaysian Branch of the Royal Asiatic Society Persatuan Asia Diraja Bahagian Malaysia","authors":"Sultan Sharafuddin, I. Shah, Ibni Almarhum, S. Salahuddin, A. A. Alhaj, Sultan Selangor, S. Pengiran, Perdana Wazir, Wal-Waqar Pengiran, Muda Mohamed Bolkiah","doi":"10.1353/ras.2018.0030","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1353/ras.2018.0030","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":39524,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the Malaysian Branch of the Royal Asiatic Society","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1353/ras.2018.0030","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48092759","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Abstract:Histories of post-war student activism in Singapore have generally focused on the Chinese middle school students, as well as undergraduates at the University of Malaya, with comparatively little attention to the attitudes and actions of the English-educated students in Government schools. This article adds to a growing historiography of the period by pointing to the potential of student publications as primary sources, read in context of late colonial education policy and the broader trajectory of Anglophone writing from Singapore. A close reading of six prose texts published by students at Raffles Institution in 1954, a watershed year for student activism, suggests that student writing can provide significant clues about the level of social and political awareness among the English medium schools of the period.
{"title":"‘An Hour Before Dawn’: Social and Political Awareness among English-Educated Students in Post-War Singapore","authors":"Theophilus Kwek","doi":"10.1353/ras.2022.0019","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1353/ras.2022.0019","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract:Histories of post-war student activism in Singapore have generally focused on the Chinese middle school students, as well as undergraduates at the University of Malaya, with comparatively little attention to the attitudes and actions of the English-educated students in Government schools. This article adds to a growing historiography of the period by pointing to the potential of student publications as primary sources, read in context of late colonial education policy and the broader trajectory of Anglophone writing from Singapore. A close reading of six prose texts published by students at Raffles Institution in 1954, a watershed year for student activism, suggests that student writing can provide significant clues about the level of social and political awareness among the English medium schools of the period.","PeriodicalId":39524,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the Malaysian Branch of the Royal Asiatic Society","volume":"95 1","pages":"107 - 83"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46450759","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"A Hakka Saga by Heenie Lee (review)","authors":"L. K. Hing","doi":"10.1353/ras.2022.0026","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1353/ras.2022.0026","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":39524,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the Malaysian Branch of the Royal Asiatic Society","volume":"95 1","pages":"149 - 151"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43379784","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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