Pub Date : 2025-01-31DOI: 10.1016/j.neurenf.2025.01.004
B. Plouvier, E. Bouteyre-Verdier
Objective
Few studies have been carried out in the field of pediatric palliative care concerning the experience of siblings, especially of twins. While some research has highlighted the impact of a child's disease and bereavement on his or her siblings, to our knowledge, no study became interested in the projection into the future of children and teenagers who have experienced the disease and bereavement of a twin.
Methods
Using the Person Picking an Apple from a Tree drawing (Gantt and Tabone, 1998) and a semi-directive interview, this study examined the way in which two teenagers aged twelve and seventeen who have experienced their twin's disease and lost, project themselves into the future.
Results
These teenagers’ projection into the future is marked by the experience of their double's disease and bereavement. Strong fears of disease transmission and death were identified, making them worried of their future and of becoming parents. The identity upheaval and the need to learn to live without the other were particularly noticed.
Discussion
Questioning the way in which bereavement is experienced before reaching adulthood, the collected data raise the question of how to support these bereaved twins (and, more broadly, siblings) in the face of growing questions about death.
Conclusions
This study confirms the need to give voice to these bereaved siblings and offer them appropriate therapeutic support.
目的在小儿姑息治疗领域，关于兄弟姐妹尤其是双胞胎的经验研究很少。虽然一些研究强调了儿童的疾病和丧亲之痛对他或她的兄弟姐妹的影响，但据我们所知，没有研究对经历过疾病和丧亲之痛的儿童和青少年对未来的预测感兴趣。方法采用《从树上摘苹果的人》（Gantt and Tabone, 1998）和半指导性访谈，本研究考察了两个分别为12岁和17岁的青少年，他们经历了双胞胎的疾病，并失去了他们，他们对未来的规划。结果这些青少年对未来的预测以双亲的疾病和丧亲经历为特征。对疾病传播和死亡的强烈恐惧使他们对自己的未来和成为父母感到担忧。身份的剧变和学会在没有他人的情况下生活的需要尤其引人注目。讨论：收集到的数据质疑了人们在成年前经历丧亲之痛的方式，并提出了一个问题：在面对越来越多的关于死亡的问题时，如何支持这些丧亲的双胞胎（以及更广泛地说，兄弟姐妹）。结论本研究证实了我们有必要为这些失去亲人的兄弟姐妹发声，并为他们提供适当的治疗支持。
{"title":"Exploration de la projection vers l’avenir de jumeaux ayant vécu la maladie et le deuil de leur double à l’aide du dessin d’une personne cueillant une pomme sur un arbre","authors":"B. Plouvier, E. Bouteyre-Verdier","doi":"10.1016/j.neurenf.2025.01.004","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.neurenf.2025.01.004","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objective</h3><div>Few studies have been carried out in the field of pediatric palliative care concerning the experience of siblings, especially of twins. While some research has highlighted the impact of a child's disease and bereavement on his or her siblings, to our knowledge, no study became interested in the projection into the future of children and teenagers who have experienced the disease and bereavement of a twin.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>Using the Person Picking an Apple from a Tree drawing (Gantt and Tabone, 1998) and a semi-directive interview, this study examined the way in which two teenagers aged twelve and seventeen who have experienced their twin's disease and lost, project themselves into the future.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>These teenagers’ projection into the future is marked by the experience of their double's disease and bereavement. Strong fears of disease transmission and death were identified, making them worried of their future and of becoming parents. The identity upheaval and the need to learn to live without the other were particularly noticed.</div></div><div><h3>Discussion</h3><div>Questioning the way in which bereavement is experienced before reaching adulthood, the collected data raise the question of how to support these bereaved twins (and, more broadly, siblings) in the face of growing questions about death.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>This study confirms the need to give voice to these bereaved siblings and offer them appropriate therapeutic support.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":39666,"journal":{"name":"Neuropsychiatrie de l''Enfance et de l''Adolescence","volume":"73 2","pages":"Pages 110-118"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-01-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143454527","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-01-17DOI: 10.1016/j.neurenf.2025.01.001
H. Albadine , L. Mesquida , A. Revet
Sibling sexual abuse is the most widespread form of incest and is often perceived as being normal, consensual sexual exploration. As little is revealed by the victims and little is reported by healthcare professionals, this can have serious physical and psychological consequences for the victims. This article develops, in the field of child and adolescent psychiatry, the perspectives opened by the law of 21 April 2021 aimed at protecting minors from sexual offences and incest and by the report of the “Commission indépendante sur l’inceste et les violences sexuelles faites aux enfants” (CIIVISE ; Independent Commission on Incest and Sexual Violence against Children) published in November 2023. The aim of this study is to help healthcare professionals gain a better knowledge and understanding of this complex phenomenon, to appreciate its scale, to have access to theoretical models to guide their understanding, to be aware of recent legal developments and their resulting medico-legal obligations, and to provide them with practical guidelines for caring for patients and their families. Disclosure of incest usually leads to a major family crisis requiring multidisciplinary care for the victim, the perpetrator and the family as a whole, through individual and group interventions. Professional secrecy can be broken when it comes to reporting abuse of minors, and prevention is crucial. Thus the question of incest should be raised more systematically during interviews. Finally, this article highlights the need for future work aimed at establishing precise protocols and recommendations for professionals.
{"title":"Inceste au sein d’une fratrie : spécificités cliniques, modèles explicatifs, qualification juridique et principes de la prise en charge","authors":"H. Albadine , L. Mesquida , A. Revet","doi":"10.1016/j.neurenf.2025.01.001","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.neurenf.2025.01.001","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Sibling sexual abuse is the most widespread form of incest and is often perceived as being normal, consensual sexual exploration. As little is revealed by the victims and little is reported by healthcare professionals, this can have serious physical and psychological consequences for the victims. This article develops, in the field of child and adolescent psychiatry, the perspectives opened by the law of 21 April 2021 aimed at protecting minors from sexual offences and incest and by the report of the “Commission indépendante sur l’inceste et les violences sexuelles faites aux enfants” (CIIVISE ; Independent Commission on Incest and Sexual Violence against Children) published in November 2023. The aim of this study is to help healthcare professionals gain a better knowledge and understanding of this complex phenomenon, to appreciate its scale, to have access to theoretical models to guide their understanding, to be aware of recent legal developments and their resulting medico-legal obligations, and to provide them with practical guidelines for caring for patients and their families. Disclosure of incest usually leads to a major family crisis requiring multidisciplinary care for the victim, the perpetrator and the family as a whole, through individual and group interventions. Professional secrecy can be broken when it comes to reporting abuse of minors, and prevention is crucial. Thus the question of incest should be raised more systematically during interviews. Finally, this article highlights the need for future work aimed at establishing precise protocols and recommendations for professionals.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":39666,"journal":{"name":"Neuropsychiatrie de l''Enfance et de l''Adolescence","volume":"73 2","pages":"Pages 102-109"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-01-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143454526","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-01-15DOI: 10.1016/j.neurenf.2024.12.002
A. Mauroy , M. Rossignol , C. Dieu , F. Laforgue , S. Lahrour , A. Sibeni , J. Gaugue
To better understand the effects of a crisis on youth mental health, a systematic review was conducted on the impact of Covid-19 on the mental health of young people aged 0 to 25. We carried out a systematic search for scientific articles in five online databases. Only peer-reviewed articles investigating the effects of Covid-19 on youth mental health and published prior to November 2021 were included. Articles have been coded by several researchers to ensure reliability. After sorting, the search identified 212 references included in this review. Results are presented by age (infancy, childhood, adolescence, early adulthood) and by Covid-related themes (mental health before/during crisis, social restrictions, Covid-19 information, environmental conditions, Covid-19 infection, daily activities, school/work). Results highlight a deterioration in mental health at the third onset of the Covid-19 crisis, regardless of age. However, the symptomatic expression of the difficulties experienced differed according to age. Among the factors aggravating mental health difficulties, history of mental health problems and familial consequences of Covid-19 are discussed. In addition, protective factors are also highlighted, such as social support and maintaining routines.
{"title":"Santé mentale des jeunes durant la crise Covid-19 : une revue systématique de l’enfance au début de l’âge adulte","authors":"A. Mauroy , M. Rossignol , C. Dieu , F. Laforgue , S. Lahrour , A. Sibeni , J. Gaugue","doi":"10.1016/j.neurenf.2024.12.002","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.neurenf.2024.12.002","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>To better understand the effects of a crisis on youth mental health, a systematic review was conducted on the impact of Covid-19 on the mental health of young people aged 0 to 25. We carried out a systematic search for scientific articles in five online databases. Only peer-reviewed articles investigating the effects of Covid-19 on youth mental health and published prior to November 2021 were included. Articles have been coded by several researchers to ensure reliability. After sorting, the search identified 212 references included in this review. Results are presented by age (infancy, childhood, adolescence, early adulthood) and by Covid-related themes (mental health before/during crisis, social restrictions, Covid-19 information, environmental conditions, Covid-19 infection, daily activities, school/work). Results highlight a deterioration in mental health at the third onset of the Covid-19 crisis, regardless of age. However, the symptomatic expression of the difficulties experienced differed according to age. Among the factors aggravating mental health difficulties, history of mental health problems and familial consequences of Covid-19 are discussed. In addition, protective factors are also highlighted, such as social support and maintaining routines.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":39666,"journal":{"name":"Neuropsychiatrie de l''Enfance et de l''Adolescence","volume":"73 2","pages":"Pages 86-101"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-01-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143454525","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-01-07DOI: 10.1016/j.neurenf.2024.12.001
S. Ponnou , X. Briffault , V. Aragno , B. Thomé , F. Gonon
<div><h3>Context</h3><div>Questions related to the consumption of psychotropic medications among children and adolescents have garnered sustained interest in scientific literature and public debates at the international level. In France, prevalence data have not been updated since 2010. The aim of this article is to analyze the French National Health Data System Sample (ESND) to describe the trends in psychotropic medication use in the pediatric population between 2010 and 2023, as well as the various clinical, demographic, and social variables that may contribute to prescribing practices.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>We conducted a systematic analysis of psychotropic medication consumption among individuals aged 0–17 in the ESND (2% of the French population) between 2010 and 2023, focusing particularly on the following drug classes: N05A antipsychotics, N05B anxiolytics, N05C hypnotics and sedatives, N06A antidepressants, N06B psychostimulants, N03 antiepileptics, and N04 antiparkinsonians.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>The incidence of psychotropic medication use among children and adolescents declined from 2.30% in 2011 to 2.14% in 2023. The prevalence of psychotropic medication use among those aged 3–17 rose from 3.25% in 2011 to 3.94% in 2023. More specifically, this prevalence increased from 2.32% in 2011 to 3.22% in 2023 among children aged 6–11. Among adolescents aged 12–17, it rose from 4.96% in 2011 to 5.49% in 2023. Between 2010 and 2023 the number of prescriptions per year per patient increased for most therapeutic classes, particularly for hypnotics (+137%), antidepressants (+88%), antiepileptics (+62%), antipsychotics (+50%), and psychostimulants (+40%). The duration of treatment varied significantly between therapeutic classes, being limited to one month for anxiolytics and antidepressants. Median treatment durations for other ATC classes were particularly long. The number of months of use increased by +76% between 2010 and 2023, rising from 80 months per 1000 individuals in 2010 to 138 months per 1000 individuals in 2023, with an acceleration in the period from 2021 to 2023. Poly-prescriptions were common and involved all medication classes. In 2022, 72% of psychotropic medications for children were prescribed by general practitioners, 7% by pediatricians, and 9% by psychiatrists and child psychiatrists. In 2022, 30% of children receiving at least one psychotropic prescription lived in socially disadvantaged conditions – a rate which was 50% for antipsychotics. Psychotropic medication use in children and adolescents increased during the COVID crisis and continued to rise until 2023.</div></div><div><h3>Discussion and conclusion</h3><div>The analysis of the ESND confirms a general increase in the prevalence of psychotropic medication use in the pediatric population, marked by a rise in the number of boxes per year per patient and a lengthening of treatment durations for many drug classes. Incidence remained stable an
{"title":"La prescription de médicaments psychotropes chez l’enfant et l’adolescent en France : caractéristiques et évolution entre 2010 et 2023","authors":"S. Ponnou , X. Briffault , V. Aragno , B. Thomé , F. Gonon","doi":"10.1016/j.neurenf.2024.12.001","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.neurenf.2024.12.001","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Context</h3><div>Questions related to the consumption of psychotropic medications among children and adolescents have garnered sustained interest in scientific literature and public debates at the international level. In France, prevalence data have not been updated since 2010. The aim of this article is to analyze the French National Health Data System Sample (ESND) to describe the trends in psychotropic medication use in the pediatric population between 2010 and 2023, as well as the various clinical, demographic, and social variables that may contribute to prescribing practices.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>We conducted a systematic analysis of psychotropic medication consumption among individuals aged 0–17 in the ESND (2% of the French population) between 2010 and 2023, focusing particularly on the following drug classes: N05A antipsychotics, N05B anxiolytics, N05C hypnotics and sedatives, N06A antidepressants, N06B psychostimulants, N03 antiepileptics, and N04 antiparkinsonians.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>The incidence of psychotropic medication use among children and adolescents declined from 2.30% in 2011 to 2.14% in 2023. The prevalence of psychotropic medication use among those aged 3–17 rose from 3.25% in 2011 to 3.94% in 2023. More specifically, this prevalence increased from 2.32% in 2011 to 3.22% in 2023 among children aged 6–11. Among adolescents aged 12–17, it rose from 4.96% in 2011 to 5.49% in 2023. Between 2010 and 2023 the number of prescriptions per year per patient increased for most therapeutic classes, particularly for hypnotics (+137%), antidepressants (+88%), antiepileptics (+62%), antipsychotics (+50%), and psychostimulants (+40%). The duration of treatment varied significantly between therapeutic classes, being limited to one month for anxiolytics and antidepressants. Median treatment durations for other ATC classes were particularly long. The number of months of use increased by +76% between 2010 and 2023, rising from 80 months per 1000 individuals in 2010 to 138 months per 1000 individuals in 2023, with an acceleration in the period from 2021 to 2023. Poly-prescriptions were common and involved all medication classes. In 2022, 72% of psychotropic medications for children were prescribed by general practitioners, 7% by pediatricians, and 9% by psychiatrists and child psychiatrists. In 2022, 30% of children receiving at least one psychotropic prescription lived in socially disadvantaged conditions – a rate which was 50% for antipsychotics. Psychotropic medication use in children and adolescents increased during the COVID crisis and continued to rise until 2023.</div></div><div><h3>Discussion and conclusion</h3><div>The analysis of the ESND confirms a general increase in the prevalence of psychotropic medication use in the pediatric population, marked by a rise in the number of boxes per year per patient and a lengthening of treatment durations for many drug classes. Incidence remained stable an","PeriodicalId":39666,"journal":{"name":"Neuropsychiatrie de l''Enfance et de l''Adolescence","volume":"73 2","pages":"Pages 72-85"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-01-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143454524","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-01-01DOI: 10.1016/j.neurenf.2024.11.006
A. Lafay , M.C. Helloin
Mathematical vocabulary predicts the development of mathematical skills. The aims were to evaluate the construct validity of four subtests assessing children's understanding of mathematical vocabulary and to provide developmental benchmarks of word acquisition. A group of 535 French children from preschool (4–5 years old) to the fifth grade completed from one to four tests of mathematical vocabulary comprehension from the Examath 5-8, Examath 8-15, and Exalang 8-11 tests. The results showed that preschoolers understood fewer mathematical words or expression than kindergarteners, who understood fewer mathematical words than first graders, and so on. Moreover, some words were already understood by the preschoolers (e.g.: first, add), while others were still being acquired by fifth graders (e.g.: as many) or not yet acquired (e.g.: dividend, product). These benchmarks on the acquisition of mathematical vocabulary in French-speaking schoolers, available for practitioners, will provide useful support for mathematical assessment and intervention in typically developing children and those at risk for difficulties.
{"title":"Développement de la compréhension du lexique mathématique de la MSM au CM2 à partir de quatre épreuves d’évaluation orthophonique","authors":"A. Lafay , M.C. Helloin","doi":"10.1016/j.neurenf.2024.11.006","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.neurenf.2024.11.006","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Mathematical vocabulary predicts the development of mathematical skills. The aims were to evaluate the construct validity of four subtests assessing children's understanding of mathematical vocabulary and to provide developmental benchmarks of word acquisition. A group of 535 French children from preschool (4–5 years old) to the fifth grade completed from one to four tests of mathematical vocabulary comprehension from the Examath 5-8, Examath 8-15, and Exalang 8-11 tests. The results showed that preschoolers understood fewer mathematical words or expression than kindergarteners, who understood fewer mathematical words than first graders, and so on. Moreover, some words were already understood by the preschoolers (e.g.: first, add), while others were still being acquired by fifth graders (e.g.: as many) or not yet acquired (e.g.: dividend, product). These benchmarks on the acquisition of mathematical vocabulary in French-speaking schoolers, available for practitioners, will provide useful support for mathematical assessment and intervention in typically developing children and those at risk for difficulties.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":39666,"journal":{"name":"Neuropsychiatrie de l''Enfance et de l''Adolescence","volume":"73 1","pages":"Pages 1-11"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143163460","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-01-01DOI: 10.1016/j.neurenf.2024.11.005
M. Roques , D. Laimou , M. El Husseini , D. Drieu , A.-V. Mazoyer , S. Spiers , P.-J. Egler , E. Baranger
This research proposes to understand the experiences of 21 teenage victims of harassment with a preventative and therapeutic aim. After the persons involved in the research arrived at a consensus around the definition of harassment, we re-examined the psychological impact and harmful consequences of such violence. Using interpretive phenomenological analysis (IPA) as the approach to the qualitative analysis of the discourse that the research team used to understand the lived experience of harassment, we identified four sub-themes: - internalized violence; - harassment and the questioning of identity; - lack of support; - harassment as enabling possible changes. With these sub-themes in mind, the research group discussed harassment as exposing issues linked to adolescence, which also can be understood as including the inability to contemplate such issues (such as bodily transformations, puberty, relationships with others, etc.). At the end of our discussions we reflected and proposed various tools and approaches that could be used to “mobilize” (maybe stimulate?) symbolization capacity such as the theater of the oppressed or even of family groups.
{"title":"Étude qualitative du vécu du harcèlement par les adolescents victimes","authors":"M. Roques , D. Laimou , M. El Husseini , D. Drieu , A.-V. Mazoyer , S. Spiers , P.-J. Egler , E. Baranger","doi":"10.1016/j.neurenf.2024.11.005","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.neurenf.2024.11.005","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This research proposes to understand the experiences of 21 teenage victims of harassment with a preventative and therapeutic aim. After the persons involved in the research arrived at a consensus around the definition of harassment, we re-examined the psychological impact and harmful consequences of such violence. Using interpretive phenomenological analysis (IPA) as the approach to the qualitative analysis of the discourse that the research team used to understand the lived experience of harassment, we identified four sub-themes: - internalized violence; - harassment and the questioning of identity; - lack of support; - harassment as enabling possible changes. With these sub-themes in mind, the research group discussed harassment as exposing issues linked to adolescence, which also can be understood as including the inability to contemplate such issues (such as bodily transformations, puberty, relationships with others, etc.). At the end of our discussions we reflected and proposed various tools and approaches that could be used to “mobilize” (maybe stimulate?) symbolization capacity such as the theater of the oppressed or even of family groups.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":39666,"journal":{"name":"Neuropsychiatrie de l''Enfance et de l''Adolescence","volume":"73 1","pages":"Pages 36-43"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143163464","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-01-01DOI: 10.1016/j.neurenf.2024.10.003
N. Proia-Lelouey , G. Desquesnes
Purpose
The sex trafficking of domestic minors remains a major problem despite the many laws designed to protect them. This risk has expanded to an unprecedented scale through the Internet and social networks. However, there are no reliable data on prevalence.
Methods
The authors carried out an umbrella review of the literature on the risk of sexual exploitation among young people by conducting a narrative analysis of the six most recent literature reviews.
Results
A strong congruence among sociodemographic, economic, and family factors was identified. The review was useful in highlighting the complexity of the process of recruitment and retention in prostitution, and in reflecting on protection strategies for young people.
Discussion
There is a debate about whether girls are at greater risk than boys, but all authors agree that the age group most at risk is young people aged 12 to 14. However, no author links this to their adolescence, or considers the impact of this phase of development on the potential risk behaviors of these young people. The main finding of contemporary studies is the negative involvement of intermediary institutions such as schools and welfare services. However, these authors did not use these data in their recommendations. This should be a priority in future prevention programs.
{"title":"Risk factors for sex trafficking of domestic minors: An umbrella review of recent international literature","authors":"N. Proia-Lelouey , G. Desquesnes","doi":"10.1016/j.neurenf.2024.10.003","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.neurenf.2024.10.003","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Purpose</h3><div>The sex trafficking of domestic minors remains a major problem despite the many laws designed to protect them. This risk has expanded to an unprecedented scale through the Internet and social networks. However, there are no reliable data on prevalence.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>The authors carried out an umbrella review of the literature on the risk of sexual exploitation among young people by conducting a narrative analysis of the six most recent literature reviews.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>A strong congruence among sociodemographic, economic, and family factors was identified. The review was useful in highlighting the complexity of the process of recruitment and retention in prostitution, and in reflecting on protection strategies for young people.</div></div><div><h3>Discussion</h3><div>There is a debate about whether girls are at greater risk than boys, but all authors agree that the age group most at risk is young people aged 12 to 14. However, no author links this to their adolescence, or considers the impact of this phase of development on the potential risk behaviors of these young people. The main finding of contemporary studies is the negative involvement of intermediary institutions such as schools and welfare services. However, these authors did not use these data in their recommendations. This should be a priority in future prevention programs.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":39666,"journal":{"name":"Neuropsychiatrie de l''Enfance et de l''Adolescence","volume":"73 1","pages":"Pages 29-35"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143163463","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-01-01DOI: 10.1016/j.neurenf.2025.01.002
{"title":"Agenda Neuado – 2025","authors":"","doi":"10.1016/j.neurenf.2025.01.002","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.neurenf.2025.01.002","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":39666,"journal":{"name":"Neuropsychiatrie de l''Enfance et de l''Adolescence","volume":"73 1","pages":"Pages 53-55"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143163593","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-01-01DOI: 10.1016/j.neurenf.2024.11.008
S.-E. Saadi
Objectives
Executive functions are essential cognitive abilities that help children adapt to the school environment, thus facilitating their academic success. This study used a correlational approach to examine the relationship between executive functions and academic performance in school-aged children in Tunisia. The focus was on understanding how different components of executive functions, such as working memory (WM), mental flexibility, and inhibition, relate to achievement in core subjects including language-related subjects, mathematics, and sciences.
Patients and methods
A sample of 180 children, aged 7 to 12 years old, was assessed using the Behavioral Rating Inventory of Executive Function (BRIEF) which was filled out by both parents and teachers. The BRIEF is a well-established tool for evaluating executive functions in children and provides a comprehensive view of their behavior in different settings.
Results
The analysis showed strong correlations between working memory (WM) and performance in language arts and mathematics, as reported by teachers. Correlations were weaker for mental flexibility and inhibition in language arts and moderate for mathematics. Parent evaluations revealed generally weaker correlations in language arts, though moderate correlations were found for mathematics. No significant correlation was identified for science across all executive functions assessed in both types of evaluations. Additionally, other executive functions, such as planning/organization, showed strong correlations with language arts and mathematics in teacher evaluations and moderate correlations in parent evaluations. Inhibitory control displayed strong correlations with language arts and mathematics according to teachers but more moderate correlations in parent evaluations.
Discussion
The results revealed notable variability between teacher and parent assessments. Teachers reported stronger correlations between executive functions and academic performance. The lack of significant correlations for science in both evaluations contrasts with conclusions typically reported in the literature. These discrepancies may be explained by the use of different assessment tools in various studies, cultural factors, or specific characteristics of science instruction in Tunisia within the context of this sample.
Conclusion
Executive functions play a key role in primary school students’ academic success. Understanding their link to academic performance would help identify students in need of additional support and facilitate the implementation of targeted remediation programs. Future research should consider factors that influence the assessment of these functions. Furthermore, exploring the relationship between executive functions and academic achievement through predictive models would represent a promising avenue to analyz
{"title":"Les fonctions exécutives et leur influence sur les performances académiques chez les enfants d’âge scolaire en Tunisie","authors":"S.-E. Saadi","doi":"10.1016/j.neurenf.2024.11.008","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.neurenf.2024.11.008","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objectives</h3><div>Executive functions are essential cognitive abilities that help children adapt to the school environment, thus facilitating their academic success. This study used a correlational approach to examine the relationship between executive functions and academic performance in school-aged children in Tunisia. The focus was on understanding how different components of executive functions, such as working memory (WM), mental flexibility, and inhibition, relate to achievement in core subjects including language-related subjects, mathematics, and sciences.</div></div><div><h3>Patients and methods</h3><div>A sample of 180 children, aged 7 to 12 years old, was assessed using the Behavioral Rating Inventory of Executive Function (BRIEF) which was filled out by both parents and teachers. The BRIEF is a well-established tool for evaluating executive functions in children and provides a comprehensive view of their behavior in different settings.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>The analysis showed strong correlations between working memory (WM) and performance in language arts and mathematics, as reported by teachers. Correlations were weaker for mental flexibility and inhibition in language arts and moderate for mathematics. Parent evaluations revealed generally weaker correlations in language arts, though moderate correlations were found for mathematics. No significant correlation was identified for science across all executive functions assessed in both types of evaluations. Additionally, other executive functions, such as planning/organization, showed strong correlations with language arts and mathematics in teacher evaluations and moderate correlations in parent evaluations. Inhibitory control displayed strong correlations with language arts and mathematics according to teachers but more moderate correlations in parent evaluations.</div></div><div><h3>Discussion</h3><div>The results revealed notable variability between teacher and parent assessments. Teachers reported stronger correlations between executive functions and academic performance. The lack of significant correlations for science in both evaluations contrasts with conclusions typically reported in the literature. These discrepancies may be explained by the use of different assessment tools in various studies, cultural factors, or specific characteristics of science instruction in Tunisia within the context of this sample.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>Executive functions play a key role in primary school students’ academic success. Understanding their link to academic performance would help identify students in need of additional support and facilitate the implementation of targeted remediation programs. Future research should consider factors that influence the assessment of these functions. Furthermore, exploring the relationship between executive functions and academic achievement through predictive models would represent a promising avenue to analyz","PeriodicalId":39666,"journal":{"name":"Neuropsychiatrie de l''Enfance et de l''Adolescence","volume":"73 1","pages":"Pages 12-17"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143163461","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-01-01DOI: 10.1016/j.neurenf.2024.10.002
C. Mille, M. Braun, O. Yendjadj
Remembering, again and again, to solve the enigma of a symptomatic expression related to a burrowed suffering, such is the response of a more or less zealous neurotic patient to his or her psychoanalyst's implicit expectations. The stream of screen memories is churned out in a transference field of attraction and renders the suitable material to develop successive drafts of a “explanatory biography”. Traumatic memories which are the most present in the patient's memory often get their affective and emotional charge from an afterwardsness effect and invite one to pursue research in other regredient ways towards an older past. It is evident though that the therapist is not able to reach “pure memories”, and that in the course of time only “pivotal” memories show up around which fantasies spin and strengthen. Yet we know about Freud's persistence, even after he gave up on his “Neurotica” in “searching for the source of the Nile”, that is to say having access to the oldest memories, and how he hung onto his first conception according to which fantasies would only emerge from a previous experience. The constructions from the psychoanalyst, put together based on his theoretical bedrock, have thus the function of filling in the gaps of memory and in favourable cases allow the patient's associations to be revitalised and help the emergence of even more concealed memories. They are also supposed to be plausible hypotheses for the reconstruction of traces from a non-memorable past. Memories also contribute to forge a sense of identity and come within the scope of everyone's “identificatory compromise”. Consequently, the therapist's role could consist of supporting the work of the “I, historian” his patient is trying to make, taking into account the narratives from his kin, the noteworthy moments in the course of his life, and the way he cares about his self-image. It comes down to the therapist to help the patient with splitting off from the official versions which summon him to an incontestable place in the generations succession or in the family dynamics. In this perspective, the psychotherapeutic work aims to give value to the memories that might lead to new prospects but may encounter difficult obstacles to overcome. A child in psychotherapy is barely preoccupied by remembering the past, which does not prevent him from being sensitive to the fact that his therapist might make references to material from former sessions or remind him what was going on at the moment they met. A teenager's position is fundamentally different: he might not tolerate being relegated to the persistent role of the infantile when he is trying to be acknowledged in his teenage identity. He can, however, rediscover the pleasure of telling, portraying himself as the therapist suggests wordings and rewordings. Naturally, each case appears to be different from one teenager to another, depending on the underlying psychopathological organisation of their personality. Some of
{"title":"Construire, déconstruire, reconstruire les souvenirs : l’inlassable tâche du patient en psychothérapie, l’indéfectible engagement du thérapeute ? À propos de quelques particularités dans l’accompagnement psychothérapique des enfants et des adolescents","authors":"C. Mille, M. Braun, O. Yendjadj","doi":"10.1016/j.neurenf.2024.10.002","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.neurenf.2024.10.002","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Remembering, again and again, to solve the enigma of a symptomatic expression related to a burrowed suffering, such is the response of a more or less zealous neurotic patient to his or her psychoanalyst's implicit expectations. The stream of screen memories is churned out in a transference field of attraction and renders the suitable material to develop successive drafts of a “explanatory biography”. Traumatic memories which are the most present in the patient's memory often get their affective and emotional charge from an afterwardsness effect and invite one to pursue research in other regredient ways towards an older past. It is evident though that the therapist is not able to reach “pure memories”, and that in the course of time only “pivotal” memories show up around which fantasies spin and strengthen. Yet we know about Freud's persistence, even after he gave up on his “Neurotica” in “searching for the source of the Nile”, that is to say having access to the oldest memories, and how he hung onto his first conception according to which fantasies would only emerge from a previous experience. The constructions from the psychoanalyst, put together based on his theoretical bedrock, have thus the function of filling in the gaps of memory and in favourable cases allow the patient's associations to be revitalised and help the emergence of even more concealed memories. They are also supposed to be plausible hypotheses for the reconstruction of traces from a non-memorable past. Memories also contribute to forge a sense of identity and come within the scope of everyone's “identificatory compromise”. Consequently, the therapist's role could consist of supporting the work of the “I, historian” his patient is trying to make, taking into account the narratives from his kin, the noteworthy moments in the course of his life, and the way he cares about his self-image. It comes down to the therapist to help the patient with splitting off from the official versions which summon him to an incontestable place in the generations succession or in the family dynamics. In this perspective, the psychotherapeutic work aims to give value to the memories that might lead to new prospects but may encounter difficult obstacles to overcome. A child in psychotherapy is barely preoccupied by remembering the past, which does not prevent him from being sensitive to the fact that his therapist might make references to material from former sessions or remind him what was going on at the moment they met. A teenager's position is fundamentally different: he might not tolerate being relegated to the persistent role of the infantile when he is trying to be acknowledged in his teenage identity. He can, however, rediscover the pleasure of telling, portraying himself as the therapist suggests wordings and rewordings. Naturally, each case appears to be different from one teenager to another, depending on the underlying psychopathological organisation of their personality. Some of","PeriodicalId":39666,"journal":{"name":"Neuropsychiatrie de l''Enfance et de l''Adolescence","volume":"73 1","pages":"Pages 18-28"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143163462","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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