Pub Date : 2025-01-15DOI: 10.1016/j.neurenf.2024.12.002
A. Mauroy , M. Rossignol , C. Dieu , F. Laforgue , S. Lahrour , A. Sibeni , J. Gaugue
To better understand the effects of a crisis on youth mental health, a systematic review was conducted on the impact of Covid-19 on the mental health of young people aged 0 to 25. We carried out a systematic search for scientific articles in five online databases. Only peer-reviewed articles investigating the effects of Covid-19 on youth mental health and published prior to November 2021 were included. Articles have been coded by several researchers to ensure reliability. After sorting, the search identified 212 references included in this review. Results are presented by age (infancy, childhood, adolescence, early adulthood) and by Covid-related themes (mental health before/during crisis, social restrictions, Covid-19 information, environmental conditions, Covid-19 infection, daily activities, school/work). Results highlight a deterioration in mental health at the third onset of the Covid-19 crisis, regardless of age. However, the symptomatic expression of the difficulties experienced differed according to age. Among the factors aggravating mental health difficulties, history of mental health problems and familial consequences of Covid-19 are discussed. In addition, protective factors are also highlighted, such as social support and maintaining routines.
{"title":"Santé mentale des jeunes durant la crise Covid-19 : une revue systématique de l’enfance au début de l’âge adulte","authors":"A. Mauroy , M. Rossignol , C. Dieu , F. Laforgue , S. Lahrour , A. Sibeni , J. Gaugue","doi":"10.1016/j.neurenf.2024.12.002","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.neurenf.2024.12.002","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>To better understand the effects of a crisis on youth mental health, a systematic review was conducted on the impact of Covid-19 on the mental health of young people aged 0 to 25. We carried out a systematic search for scientific articles in five online databases. Only peer-reviewed articles investigating the effects of Covid-19 on youth mental health and published prior to November 2021 were included. Articles have been coded by several researchers to ensure reliability. After sorting, the search identified 212 references included in this review. Results are presented by age (infancy, childhood, adolescence, early adulthood) and by Covid-related themes (mental health before/during crisis, social restrictions, Covid-19 information, environmental conditions, Covid-19 infection, daily activities, school/work). Results highlight a deterioration in mental health at the third onset of the Covid-19 crisis, regardless of age. However, the symptomatic expression of the difficulties experienced differed according to age. Among the factors aggravating mental health difficulties, history of mental health problems and familial consequences of Covid-19 are discussed. In addition, protective factors are also highlighted, such as social support and maintaining routines.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":39666,"journal":{"name":"Neuropsychiatrie de l''Enfance et de l''Adolescence","volume":"73 2","pages":"Pages 86-101"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-01-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143454525","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-01-07DOI: 10.1016/j.neurenf.2024.12.001
S. Ponnou , X. Briffault , V. Aragno , B. Thomé , F. Gonon
<div><h3>Context</h3><div>Questions related to the consumption of psychotropic medications among children and adolescents have garnered sustained interest in scientific literature and public debates at the international level. In France, prevalence data have not been updated since 2010. The aim of this article is to analyze the French National Health Data System Sample (ESND) to describe the trends in psychotropic medication use in the pediatric population between 2010 and 2023, as well as the various clinical, demographic, and social variables that may contribute to prescribing practices.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>We conducted a systematic analysis of psychotropic medication consumption among individuals aged 0–17 in the ESND (2% of the French population) between 2010 and 2023, focusing particularly on the following drug classes: N05A antipsychotics, N05B anxiolytics, N05C hypnotics and sedatives, N06A antidepressants, N06B psychostimulants, N03 antiepileptics, and N04 antiparkinsonians.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>The incidence of psychotropic medication use among children and adolescents declined from 2.30% in 2011 to 2.14% in 2023. The prevalence of psychotropic medication use among those aged 3–17 rose from 3.25% in 2011 to 3.94% in 2023. More specifically, this prevalence increased from 2.32% in 2011 to 3.22% in 2023 among children aged 6–11. Among adolescents aged 12–17, it rose from 4.96% in 2011 to 5.49% in 2023. Between 2010 and 2023 the number of prescriptions per year per patient increased for most therapeutic classes, particularly for hypnotics (+137%), antidepressants (+88%), antiepileptics (+62%), antipsychotics (+50%), and psychostimulants (+40%). The duration of treatment varied significantly between therapeutic classes, being limited to one month for anxiolytics and antidepressants. Median treatment durations for other ATC classes were particularly long. The number of months of use increased by +76% between 2010 and 2023, rising from 80 months per 1000 individuals in 2010 to 138 months per 1000 individuals in 2023, with an acceleration in the period from 2021 to 2023. Poly-prescriptions were common and involved all medication classes. In 2022, 72% of psychotropic medications for children were prescribed by general practitioners, 7% by pediatricians, and 9% by psychiatrists and child psychiatrists. In 2022, 30% of children receiving at least one psychotropic prescription lived in socially disadvantaged conditions – a rate which was 50% for antipsychotics. Psychotropic medication use in children and adolescents increased during the COVID crisis and continued to rise until 2023.</div></div><div><h3>Discussion and conclusion</h3><div>The analysis of the ESND confirms a general increase in the prevalence of psychotropic medication use in the pediatric population, marked by a rise in the number of boxes per year per patient and a lengthening of treatment durations for many drug classes. Incidence remained stable an
{"title":"La prescription de médicaments psychotropes chez l’enfant et l’adolescent en France : caractéristiques et évolution entre 2010 et 2023","authors":"S. Ponnou , X. Briffault , V. Aragno , B. Thomé , F. Gonon","doi":"10.1016/j.neurenf.2024.12.001","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.neurenf.2024.12.001","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Context</h3><div>Questions related to the consumption of psychotropic medications among children and adolescents have garnered sustained interest in scientific literature and public debates at the international level. In France, prevalence data have not been updated since 2010. The aim of this article is to analyze the French National Health Data System Sample (ESND) to describe the trends in psychotropic medication use in the pediatric population between 2010 and 2023, as well as the various clinical, demographic, and social variables that may contribute to prescribing practices.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>We conducted a systematic analysis of psychotropic medication consumption among individuals aged 0–17 in the ESND (2% of the French population) between 2010 and 2023, focusing particularly on the following drug classes: N05A antipsychotics, N05B anxiolytics, N05C hypnotics and sedatives, N06A antidepressants, N06B psychostimulants, N03 antiepileptics, and N04 antiparkinsonians.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>The incidence of psychotropic medication use among children and adolescents declined from 2.30% in 2011 to 2.14% in 2023. The prevalence of psychotropic medication use among those aged 3–17 rose from 3.25% in 2011 to 3.94% in 2023. More specifically, this prevalence increased from 2.32% in 2011 to 3.22% in 2023 among children aged 6–11. Among adolescents aged 12–17, it rose from 4.96% in 2011 to 5.49% in 2023. Between 2010 and 2023 the number of prescriptions per year per patient increased for most therapeutic classes, particularly for hypnotics (+137%), antidepressants (+88%), antiepileptics (+62%), antipsychotics (+50%), and psychostimulants (+40%). The duration of treatment varied significantly between therapeutic classes, being limited to one month for anxiolytics and antidepressants. Median treatment durations for other ATC classes were particularly long. The number of months of use increased by +76% between 2010 and 2023, rising from 80 months per 1000 individuals in 2010 to 138 months per 1000 individuals in 2023, with an acceleration in the period from 2021 to 2023. Poly-prescriptions were common and involved all medication classes. In 2022, 72% of psychotropic medications for children were prescribed by general practitioners, 7% by pediatricians, and 9% by psychiatrists and child psychiatrists. In 2022, 30% of children receiving at least one psychotropic prescription lived in socially disadvantaged conditions – a rate which was 50% for antipsychotics. Psychotropic medication use in children and adolescents increased during the COVID crisis and continued to rise until 2023.</div></div><div><h3>Discussion and conclusion</h3><div>The analysis of the ESND confirms a general increase in the prevalence of psychotropic medication use in the pediatric population, marked by a rise in the number of boxes per year per patient and a lengthening of treatment durations for many drug classes. Incidence remained stable an","PeriodicalId":39666,"journal":{"name":"Neuropsychiatrie de l''Enfance et de l''Adolescence","volume":"73 2","pages":"Pages 72-85"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-01-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143454524","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-01-01DOI: 10.1016/j.neurenf.2024.11.006
A. Lafay , M.C. Helloin
Mathematical vocabulary predicts the development of mathematical skills. The aims were to evaluate the construct validity of four subtests assessing children's understanding of mathematical vocabulary and to provide developmental benchmarks of word acquisition. A group of 535 French children from preschool (4–5 years old) to the fifth grade completed from one to four tests of mathematical vocabulary comprehension from the Examath 5-8, Examath 8-15, and Exalang 8-11 tests. The results showed that preschoolers understood fewer mathematical words or expression than kindergarteners, who understood fewer mathematical words than first graders, and so on. Moreover, some words were already understood by the preschoolers (e.g.: first, add), while others were still being acquired by fifth graders (e.g.: as many) or not yet acquired (e.g.: dividend, product). These benchmarks on the acquisition of mathematical vocabulary in French-speaking schoolers, available for practitioners, will provide useful support for mathematical assessment and intervention in typically developing children and those at risk for difficulties.
{"title":"Développement de la compréhension du lexique mathématique de la MSM au CM2 à partir de quatre épreuves d’évaluation orthophonique","authors":"A. Lafay , M.C. Helloin","doi":"10.1016/j.neurenf.2024.11.006","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.neurenf.2024.11.006","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Mathematical vocabulary predicts the development of mathematical skills. The aims were to evaluate the construct validity of four subtests assessing children's understanding of mathematical vocabulary and to provide developmental benchmarks of word acquisition. A group of 535 French children from preschool (4–5 years old) to the fifth grade completed from one to four tests of mathematical vocabulary comprehension from the Examath 5-8, Examath 8-15, and Exalang 8-11 tests. The results showed that preschoolers understood fewer mathematical words or expression than kindergarteners, who understood fewer mathematical words than first graders, and so on. Moreover, some words were already understood by the preschoolers (e.g.: first, add), while others were still being acquired by fifth graders (e.g.: as many) or not yet acquired (e.g.: dividend, product). These benchmarks on the acquisition of mathematical vocabulary in French-speaking schoolers, available for practitioners, will provide useful support for mathematical assessment and intervention in typically developing children and those at risk for difficulties.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":39666,"journal":{"name":"Neuropsychiatrie de l''Enfance et de l''Adolescence","volume":"73 1","pages":"Pages 1-11"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143163460","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-01-01DOI: 10.1016/j.neurenf.2024.11.005
M. Roques , D. Laimou , M. El Husseini , D. Drieu , A.-V. Mazoyer , S. Spiers , P.-J. Egler , E. Baranger
This research proposes to understand the experiences of 21 teenage victims of harassment with a preventative and therapeutic aim. After the persons involved in the research arrived at a consensus around the definition of harassment, we re-examined the psychological impact and harmful consequences of such violence. Using interpretive phenomenological analysis (IPA) as the approach to the qualitative analysis of the discourse that the research team used to understand the lived experience of harassment, we identified four sub-themes: - internalized violence; - harassment and the questioning of identity; - lack of support; - harassment as enabling possible changes. With these sub-themes in mind, the research group discussed harassment as exposing issues linked to adolescence, which also can be understood as including the inability to contemplate such issues (such as bodily transformations, puberty, relationships with others, etc.). At the end of our discussions we reflected and proposed various tools and approaches that could be used to “mobilize” (maybe stimulate?) symbolization capacity such as the theater of the oppressed or even of family groups.
{"title":"Étude qualitative du vécu du harcèlement par les adolescents victimes","authors":"M. Roques , D. Laimou , M. El Husseini , D. Drieu , A.-V. Mazoyer , S. Spiers , P.-J. Egler , E. Baranger","doi":"10.1016/j.neurenf.2024.11.005","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.neurenf.2024.11.005","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This research proposes to understand the experiences of 21 teenage victims of harassment with a preventative and therapeutic aim. After the persons involved in the research arrived at a consensus around the definition of harassment, we re-examined the psychological impact and harmful consequences of such violence. Using interpretive phenomenological analysis (IPA) as the approach to the qualitative analysis of the discourse that the research team used to understand the lived experience of harassment, we identified four sub-themes: - internalized violence; - harassment and the questioning of identity; - lack of support; - harassment as enabling possible changes. With these sub-themes in mind, the research group discussed harassment as exposing issues linked to adolescence, which also can be understood as including the inability to contemplate such issues (such as bodily transformations, puberty, relationships with others, etc.). At the end of our discussions we reflected and proposed various tools and approaches that could be used to “mobilize” (maybe stimulate?) symbolization capacity such as the theater of the oppressed or even of family groups.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":39666,"journal":{"name":"Neuropsychiatrie de l''Enfance et de l''Adolescence","volume":"73 1","pages":"Pages 36-43"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143163464","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-01-01DOI: 10.1016/j.neurenf.2024.10.003
N. Proia-Lelouey , G. Desquesnes
Purpose
The sex trafficking of domestic minors remains a major problem despite the many laws designed to protect them. This risk has expanded to an unprecedented scale through the Internet and social networks. However, there are no reliable data on prevalence.
Methods
The authors carried out an umbrella review of the literature on the risk of sexual exploitation among young people by conducting a narrative analysis of the six most recent literature reviews.
Results
A strong congruence among sociodemographic, economic, and family factors was identified. The review was useful in highlighting the complexity of the process of recruitment and retention in prostitution, and in reflecting on protection strategies for young people.
Discussion
There is a debate about whether girls are at greater risk than boys, but all authors agree that the age group most at risk is young people aged 12 to 14. However, no author links this to their adolescence, or considers the impact of this phase of development on the potential risk behaviors of these young people. The main finding of contemporary studies is the negative involvement of intermediary institutions such as schools and welfare services. However, these authors did not use these data in their recommendations. This should be a priority in future prevention programs.
{"title":"Risk factors for sex trafficking of domestic minors: An umbrella review of recent international literature","authors":"N. Proia-Lelouey , G. Desquesnes","doi":"10.1016/j.neurenf.2024.10.003","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.neurenf.2024.10.003","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Purpose</h3><div>The sex trafficking of domestic minors remains a major problem despite the many laws designed to protect them. This risk has expanded to an unprecedented scale through the Internet and social networks. However, there are no reliable data on prevalence.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>The authors carried out an umbrella review of the literature on the risk of sexual exploitation among young people by conducting a narrative analysis of the six most recent literature reviews.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>A strong congruence among sociodemographic, economic, and family factors was identified. The review was useful in highlighting the complexity of the process of recruitment and retention in prostitution, and in reflecting on protection strategies for young people.</div></div><div><h3>Discussion</h3><div>There is a debate about whether girls are at greater risk than boys, but all authors agree that the age group most at risk is young people aged 12 to 14. However, no author links this to their adolescence, or considers the impact of this phase of development on the potential risk behaviors of these young people. The main finding of contemporary studies is the negative involvement of intermediary institutions such as schools and welfare services. However, these authors did not use these data in their recommendations. This should be a priority in future prevention programs.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":39666,"journal":{"name":"Neuropsychiatrie de l''Enfance et de l''Adolescence","volume":"73 1","pages":"Pages 29-35"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143163463","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-01-01DOI: 10.1016/j.neurenf.2025.01.002
{"title":"Agenda Neuado – 2025","authors":"","doi":"10.1016/j.neurenf.2025.01.002","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.neurenf.2025.01.002","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":39666,"journal":{"name":"Neuropsychiatrie de l''Enfance et de l''Adolescence","volume":"73 1","pages":"Pages 53-55"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143163593","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-01-01DOI: 10.1016/j.neurenf.2024.11.008
S.-E. Saadi
Objectives
Executive functions are essential cognitive abilities that help children adapt to the school environment, thus facilitating their academic success. This study used a correlational approach to examine the relationship between executive functions and academic performance in school-aged children in Tunisia. The focus was on understanding how different components of executive functions, such as working memory (WM), mental flexibility, and inhibition, relate to achievement in core subjects including language-related subjects, mathematics, and sciences.
Patients and methods
A sample of 180 children, aged 7 to 12 years old, was assessed using the Behavioral Rating Inventory of Executive Function (BRIEF) which was filled out by both parents and teachers. The BRIEF is a well-established tool for evaluating executive functions in children and provides a comprehensive view of their behavior in different settings.
Results
The analysis showed strong correlations between working memory (WM) and performance in language arts and mathematics, as reported by teachers. Correlations were weaker for mental flexibility and inhibition in language arts and moderate for mathematics. Parent evaluations revealed generally weaker correlations in language arts, though moderate correlations were found for mathematics. No significant correlation was identified for science across all executive functions assessed in both types of evaluations. Additionally, other executive functions, such as planning/organization, showed strong correlations with language arts and mathematics in teacher evaluations and moderate correlations in parent evaluations. Inhibitory control displayed strong correlations with language arts and mathematics according to teachers but more moderate correlations in parent evaluations.
Discussion
The results revealed notable variability between teacher and parent assessments. Teachers reported stronger correlations between executive functions and academic performance. The lack of significant correlations for science in both evaluations contrasts with conclusions typically reported in the literature. These discrepancies may be explained by the use of different assessment tools in various studies, cultural factors, or specific characteristics of science instruction in Tunisia within the context of this sample.
Conclusion
Executive functions play a key role in primary school students’ academic success. Understanding their link to academic performance would help identify students in need of additional support and facilitate the implementation of targeted remediation programs. Future research should consider factors that influence the assessment of these functions. Furthermore, exploring the relationship between executive functions and academic achievement through predictive models would represent a promising avenue to analyz
{"title":"Les fonctions exécutives et leur influence sur les performances académiques chez les enfants d’âge scolaire en Tunisie","authors":"S.-E. Saadi","doi":"10.1016/j.neurenf.2024.11.008","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.neurenf.2024.11.008","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objectives</h3><div>Executive functions are essential cognitive abilities that help children adapt to the school environment, thus facilitating their academic success. This study used a correlational approach to examine the relationship between executive functions and academic performance in school-aged children in Tunisia. The focus was on understanding how different components of executive functions, such as working memory (WM), mental flexibility, and inhibition, relate to achievement in core subjects including language-related subjects, mathematics, and sciences.</div></div><div><h3>Patients and methods</h3><div>A sample of 180 children, aged 7 to 12 years old, was assessed using the Behavioral Rating Inventory of Executive Function (BRIEF) which was filled out by both parents and teachers. The BRIEF is a well-established tool for evaluating executive functions in children and provides a comprehensive view of their behavior in different settings.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>The analysis showed strong correlations between working memory (WM) and performance in language arts and mathematics, as reported by teachers. Correlations were weaker for mental flexibility and inhibition in language arts and moderate for mathematics. Parent evaluations revealed generally weaker correlations in language arts, though moderate correlations were found for mathematics. No significant correlation was identified for science across all executive functions assessed in both types of evaluations. Additionally, other executive functions, such as planning/organization, showed strong correlations with language arts and mathematics in teacher evaluations and moderate correlations in parent evaluations. Inhibitory control displayed strong correlations with language arts and mathematics according to teachers but more moderate correlations in parent evaluations.</div></div><div><h3>Discussion</h3><div>The results revealed notable variability between teacher and parent assessments. Teachers reported stronger correlations between executive functions and academic performance. The lack of significant correlations for science in both evaluations contrasts with conclusions typically reported in the literature. These discrepancies may be explained by the use of different assessment tools in various studies, cultural factors, or specific characteristics of science instruction in Tunisia within the context of this sample.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>Executive functions play a key role in primary school students’ academic success. Understanding their link to academic performance would help identify students in need of additional support and facilitate the implementation of targeted remediation programs. Future research should consider factors that influence the assessment of these functions. Furthermore, exploring the relationship between executive functions and academic achievement through predictive models would represent a promising avenue to analyz","PeriodicalId":39666,"journal":{"name":"Neuropsychiatrie de l''Enfance et de l''Adolescence","volume":"73 1","pages":"Pages 12-17"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143163461","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-01-01DOI: 10.1016/j.neurenf.2024.10.002
C. Mille, M. Braun, O. Yendjadj
Remembering, again and again, to solve the enigma of a symptomatic expression related to a burrowed suffering, such is the response of a more or less zealous neurotic patient to his or her psychoanalyst's implicit expectations. The stream of screen memories is churned out in a transference field of attraction and renders the suitable material to develop successive drafts of a “explanatory biography”. Traumatic memories which are the most present in the patient's memory often get their affective and emotional charge from an afterwardsness effect and invite one to pursue research in other regredient ways towards an older past. It is evident though that the therapist is not able to reach “pure memories”, and that in the course of time only “pivotal” memories show up around which fantasies spin and strengthen. Yet we know about Freud's persistence, even after he gave up on his “Neurotica” in “searching for the source of the Nile”, that is to say having access to the oldest memories, and how he hung onto his first conception according to which fantasies would only emerge from a previous experience. The constructions from the psychoanalyst, put together based on his theoretical bedrock, have thus the function of filling in the gaps of memory and in favourable cases allow the patient's associations to be revitalised and help the emergence of even more concealed memories. They are also supposed to be plausible hypotheses for the reconstruction of traces from a non-memorable past. Memories also contribute to forge a sense of identity and come within the scope of everyone's “identificatory compromise”. Consequently, the therapist's role could consist of supporting the work of the “I, historian” his patient is trying to make, taking into account the narratives from his kin, the noteworthy moments in the course of his life, and the way he cares about his self-image. It comes down to the therapist to help the patient with splitting off from the official versions which summon him to an incontestable place in the generations succession or in the family dynamics. In this perspective, the psychotherapeutic work aims to give value to the memories that might lead to new prospects but may encounter difficult obstacles to overcome. A child in psychotherapy is barely preoccupied by remembering the past, which does not prevent him from being sensitive to the fact that his therapist might make references to material from former sessions or remind him what was going on at the moment they met. A teenager's position is fundamentally different: he might not tolerate being relegated to the persistent role of the infantile when he is trying to be acknowledged in his teenage identity. He can, however, rediscover the pleasure of telling, portraying himself as the therapist suggests wordings and rewordings. Naturally, each case appears to be different from one teenager to another, depending on the underlying psychopathological organisation of their personality. Some of
{"title":"Construire, déconstruire, reconstruire les souvenirs : l’inlassable tâche du patient en psychothérapie, l’indéfectible engagement du thérapeute ? À propos de quelques particularités dans l’accompagnement psychothérapique des enfants et des adolescents","authors":"C. Mille, M. Braun, O. Yendjadj","doi":"10.1016/j.neurenf.2024.10.002","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.neurenf.2024.10.002","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Remembering, again and again, to solve the enigma of a symptomatic expression related to a burrowed suffering, such is the response of a more or less zealous neurotic patient to his or her psychoanalyst's implicit expectations. The stream of screen memories is churned out in a transference field of attraction and renders the suitable material to develop successive drafts of a “explanatory biography”. Traumatic memories which are the most present in the patient's memory often get their affective and emotional charge from an afterwardsness effect and invite one to pursue research in other regredient ways towards an older past. It is evident though that the therapist is not able to reach “pure memories”, and that in the course of time only “pivotal” memories show up around which fantasies spin and strengthen. Yet we know about Freud's persistence, even after he gave up on his “Neurotica” in “searching for the source of the Nile”, that is to say having access to the oldest memories, and how he hung onto his first conception according to which fantasies would only emerge from a previous experience. The constructions from the psychoanalyst, put together based on his theoretical bedrock, have thus the function of filling in the gaps of memory and in favourable cases allow the patient's associations to be revitalised and help the emergence of even more concealed memories. They are also supposed to be plausible hypotheses for the reconstruction of traces from a non-memorable past. Memories also contribute to forge a sense of identity and come within the scope of everyone's “identificatory compromise”. Consequently, the therapist's role could consist of supporting the work of the “I, historian” his patient is trying to make, taking into account the narratives from his kin, the noteworthy moments in the course of his life, and the way he cares about his self-image. It comes down to the therapist to help the patient with splitting off from the official versions which summon him to an incontestable place in the generations succession or in the family dynamics. In this perspective, the psychotherapeutic work aims to give value to the memories that might lead to new prospects but may encounter difficult obstacles to overcome. A child in psychotherapy is barely preoccupied by remembering the past, which does not prevent him from being sensitive to the fact that his therapist might make references to material from former sessions or remind him what was going on at the moment they met. A teenager's position is fundamentally different: he might not tolerate being relegated to the persistent role of the infantile when he is trying to be acknowledged in his teenage identity. He can, however, rediscover the pleasure of telling, portraying himself as the therapist suggests wordings and rewordings. Naturally, each case appears to be different from one teenager to another, depending on the underlying psychopathological organisation of their personality. Some of","PeriodicalId":39666,"journal":{"name":"Neuropsychiatrie de l''Enfance et de l''Adolescence","volume":"73 1","pages":"Pages 18-28"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143163462","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-01-01DOI: 10.1016/j.neurenf.2024.11.002
S. Chergui , P. Fourneret , P. Espi , C. Gauld
Objectives
Dissociation is a major phenomenon in child and adolescent psychiatry. It involves an involuntary disruption in the adequate integration of psychological functions, related to various neuropsychological mechanisms. This study aims to examine the relationships between dissociation, emotion regulation, and alexithymia in adolescents.
Patients and methods
. Forty-eight hospitalized adolescents (aged 12–16) were recruited from February 2022 to October 2023. They completed the Dissociative Experience Scale (DES), the Difficulties in Emotion Regulation Scale (DERS), and the Toronto Alexithymia Scale (TAS-20). A series of multiple regressions and Structural Equation Modeling (SEM) were conducted to analyze the relationships among these variables.
Results
The findings revealed a significant association between dissociation (DES) and alexithymia (TAS) (β = 1.45, P = 0.002), as well as between dissociation and difficulties in emotion regulation (DERS) (β = 0.98, P = 0.018). The SEM indicated that while the total effect of alexithymia on dissociation was significant (P < 0.001), the specific mediating effect of emotion regulation was not statistically significant (P = 0.29).
Discussion
These results highlight the importance of alexithymia in the dissociative experience of adolescents, independent of emotion regulation difficulties. The absence of a mediating effect of DERS suggests that dissociation and alexithymia may be directly related without the involvement of emotion regulation.
Conclusions
This study opens avenues for therapeutic interventions targeting alexithymia to alleviate dissociative symptoms.
目的分离是儿童和青少年精神病学的一个重要现象。它涉及与各种神经心理机制有关的心理功能的充分整合的不自主中断。本研究旨在探讨青少年解离、情绪调节与述情障碍之间的关系。患者和方法。从2022年2月至2023年10月招募了48名住院青少年（12-16岁）。他们分别完成了解离体验量表（DES）、情绪调节困难量表（DERS）和多伦多述情障碍量表（TAS-20）。通过一系列多元回归和结构方程模型（SEM）分析了这些变量之间的关系。结果分离与述情障碍（TAS） （β = 1.45, P = 0.002）、情绪调节困难（DERS） （β = 0.98, P = 0.018）存在显著相关性。扫描电镜显示，虽然述情障碍对解离的总体影响显著(P <；0.001)，情绪调节的特定中介作用无统计学意义（P = 0.29）。这些结果强调述情障碍在青少年分离体验中的重要性，独立于情绪调节困难。无DERS的中介作用提示解离和述情障碍可能在没有情绪调节参与的情况下直接相关。结论本研究为缓解述情障碍解离症状的治疗干预开辟了途径。
{"title":"Régulation émotionnelle, alexithymie et dissociation chez les adolescents hospitalisés : un modèle de médiation par équation structurelle","authors":"S. Chergui , P. Fourneret , P. Espi , C. Gauld","doi":"10.1016/j.neurenf.2024.11.002","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.neurenf.2024.11.002","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objectives</h3><div>Dissociation is a major phenomenon in child and adolescent psychiatry. It involves an involuntary disruption in the adequate integration of psychological functions, related to various neuropsychological mechanisms. This study aims to examine the relationships between dissociation, emotion regulation, and alexithymia in adolescents.</div></div><div><h3>Patients and methods</h3><div>. Forty-eight hospitalized adolescents (aged 12–16) were recruited from February 2022 to October 2023. They completed the Dissociative Experience Scale (DES), the Difficulties in Emotion Regulation Scale (DERS), and the Toronto Alexithymia Scale (TAS-20). A series of multiple regressions and Structural Equation Modeling (SEM) were conducted to analyze the relationships among these variables.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>The findings revealed a significant association between dissociation (DES) and alexithymia (TAS) (β<!--> <!-->=<!--> <!-->1.45, <em>P</em> <!-->=<!--> <!-->0.002), as well as between dissociation and difficulties in emotion regulation (DERS) (β<!--> <!-->=<!--> <!-->0.98, <em>P</em> <!-->=<!--> <!-->0.018). The SEM indicated that while the total effect of alexithymia on dissociation was significant (<em>P</em> <!--><<!--> <!-->0.001), the specific mediating effect of emotion regulation was not statistically significant (<em>P</em> <!-->=<!--> <!-->0.29).</div></div><div><h3>Discussion</h3><div>These results highlight the importance of alexithymia in the dissociative experience of adolescents, independent of emotion regulation difficulties. The absence of a mediating effect of DERS suggests that dissociation and alexithymia may be directly related without the involvement of emotion regulation.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>This study opens avenues for therapeutic interventions targeting alexithymia to alleviate dissociative symptoms.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":39666,"journal":{"name":"Neuropsychiatrie de l''Enfance et de l''Adolescence","volume":"73 1","pages":"Pages 44-52"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143162549","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-12-18DOI: 10.1016/j.neurenf.2024.11.007
A. Ben Hamouda , M.C. Gharbi , S. Bourgou , M. Daoud , K. Bouzghaïa Bagbag , M. Hamza , F. Charfi , A. Belhadj
Aim
This paper attempts to illustrate the semiology of temporal epilepsy in patients initially considered to be suffering from psychiatric disorders.
Methods
We report five clinical vignettes of patients referred to the Child and Adolescent Psychiatry Department of Mongi Slim Hospital (Tunisia) between 2017 and 2021 for psychiatric disorders, in whom the diagnosis of temporal epilepsy was retained.
Results
Four boys and one girl, aged three to eleven, were referred for paroxysmal neuropsychiatric features. Family history of epilepsy was noted in three patients. Two children had psychomotor and language delay. Symptomatology was dominated by cognitive and behavioral disorders. Electroencephalogram confirmed the diagnosis of temporal epilepsy by showing local paroxysmal abnormalities. Brain imaging had shown predominantly temporal abnormalities in two cases. The evolution, under antiepileptic treatment, was favorable in four patients.
Conclusion
The reported clinical vignettes underline the importance of discussing temporal lobe epilepsy when faced with paroxysmal and/or atypical psychiatric manifestations in children.
{"title":"Quand des manifestations psychiatriques dévoilent l’épilepsie temporale chez l’enfant","authors":"A. Ben Hamouda , M.C. Gharbi , S. Bourgou , M. Daoud , K. Bouzghaïa Bagbag , M. Hamza , F. Charfi , A. Belhadj","doi":"10.1016/j.neurenf.2024.11.007","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.neurenf.2024.11.007","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Aim</h3><div>This paper attempts to illustrate the semiology of temporal epilepsy in patients initially considered to be suffering from psychiatric disorders.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>We report five clinical vignettes of patients referred to the Child and Adolescent Psychiatry Department of Mongi Slim Hospital (Tunisia) between 2017 and 2021 for psychiatric disorders, in whom the diagnosis of temporal epilepsy was retained.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Four boys and one girl, aged three to eleven, were referred for paroxysmal neuropsychiatric features. Family history of epilepsy was noted in three patients. Two children had psychomotor and language delay. Symptomatology was dominated by cognitive and behavioral disorders. Electroencephalogram confirmed the diagnosis of temporal epilepsy by showing local paroxysmal abnormalities. Brain imaging had shown predominantly temporal abnormalities in two cases. The evolution, under antiepileptic treatment, was favorable in four patients.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>The reported clinical vignettes underline the importance of discussing temporal lobe epilepsy when faced with paroxysmal and/or atypical psychiatric manifestations in children.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":39666,"journal":{"name":"Neuropsychiatrie de l''Enfance et de l''Adolescence","volume":"73 7","pages":"Pages 401-405"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-12-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145340461","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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