Pub Date : 2022-03-08DOI: 10.1177/19367244221078167
Maura Kelly, Lindsey Wilkinson, Affie Eyo-Idahor, Larry Scott Williams
Oregon’s Highway Construction Workforce Development Program aims to improve the recruitment and retention of a diverse construction workforce, through pre-apprenticeships that provide alternative pathways into apprenticeship as well as financial and non-financial retention services that aim to help apprentices complete their apprenticeships. This evaluation research examines the impact of the Program on recruitment and retention trends, drawing on administrative data from the Program as well as interviews with program participants. We find pre-apprenticeship programs have improved the recruitment of women into the trades. We further find that non-financial services, ready supplies, and childcare services have a positive impact on completion, with receipt of non-financial support having the largest impact on completion. Gas/travel services are positively associated with completion among apprentices of color. Interview data suggest that additional support services for apprentices as well as structural changes to the industry are needed to achieve construction workforce diversity goals.
{"title":"Improving the Recruitment and Retention of Construction Apprentices through Oregon’s Highway Construction Workforce Development Program","authors":"Maura Kelly, Lindsey Wilkinson, Affie Eyo-Idahor, Larry Scott Williams","doi":"10.1177/19367244221078167","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/19367244221078167","url":null,"abstract":"Oregon’s Highway Construction Workforce Development Program aims to improve the recruitment and retention of a diverse construction workforce, through pre-apprenticeships that provide alternative pathways into apprenticeship as well as financial and non-financial retention services that aim to help apprentices complete their apprenticeships. This evaluation research examines the impact of the Program on recruitment and retention trends, drawing on administrative data from the Program as well as interviews with program participants. We find pre-apprenticeship programs have improved the recruitment of women into the trades. We further find that non-financial services, ready supplies, and childcare services have a positive impact on completion, with receipt of non-financial support having the largest impact on completion. Gas/travel services are positively associated with completion among apprentices of color. Interview data suggest that additional support services for apprentices as well as structural changes to the industry are needed to achieve construction workforce diversity goals.","PeriodicalId":39829,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Applied Social Science","volume":"13 1","pages":"459 - 481"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-03-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"72927781","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-03-01DOI: 10.1177/19367244211026912
Le Hoang Viet Lam
On the international scale of measurement, Vietnam stands out as a country that has successfully accomplished the objectives of minimizing the spread of COVID-19. These objectives have been achieved through several factors, including the Government’s commitment, excellent success of the health service, and the “wholeheartedness” of the armed forces, especially the social consensus, which is clearly reflected in the decisions and policies made. Among those crucial decisions, the stable social security system has been the key priority of the government of Vietnam because it provides a strong foundation for the disadvantaged, who are not expected to overcome the pandemic based on their low-level “resistance.” The article aims at illustrating Vietnam’s social security interventions and strategies when faced the global COVID-19 pandemic and it also draws some experience that need to be referenced in implementing Social Security Society witnessed from Vietnamese reality.
{"title":"Social Security Policy in Response to the Pandemic COVID-19: A Case Study from Vietnam","authors":"Le Hoang Viet Lam","doi":"10.1177/19367244211026912","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/19367244211026912","url":null,"abstract":"On the international scale of measurement, Vietnam stands out as a country that has successfully accomplished the objectives of minimizing the spread of COVID-19. These objectives have been achieved through several factors, including the Government’s commitment, excellent success of the health service, and the “wholeheartedness” of the armed forces, especially the social consensus, which is clearly reflected in the decisions and policies made. Among those crucial decisions, the stable social security system has been the key priority of the government of Vietnam because it provides a strong foundation for the disadvantaged, who are not expected to overcome the pandemic based on their low-level “resistance.” The article aims at illustrating Vietnam’s social security interventions and strategies when faced the global COVID-19 pandemic and it also draws some experience that need to be referenced in implementing Social Security Society witnessed from Vietnamese reality.","PeriodicalId":39829,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Applied Social Science","volume":"31 1","pages":"124 - 139"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"78828016","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-02-28DOI: 10.1177/19367244211072216
Gary C. David
In the 2018 President Address provided by Gary David, he discusses the need for new approaches to how applied and clinical sociology is branded. He explores business approaches to how we can leverage our passion for sociology with the unique skills we have with clear messaging around what it is we do and why we do it.
{"title":"What’s Phase 2? Crafting the Value Proposition for Applied and Clinical Sociology","authors":"Gary C. David","doi":"10.1177/19367244211072216","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/19367244211072216","url":null,"abstract":"In the 2018 President Address provided by Gary David, he discusses the need for new approaches to how applied and clinical sociology is branded. He explores business approaches to how we can leverage our passion for sociology with the unique skills we have with clear messaging around what it is we do and why we do it.","PeriodicalId":39829,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Applied Social Science","volume":"1 1","pages":"371 - 381"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-02-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"72504040","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-02-22DOI: 10.1177/19367244221077410
C. Hartwell
Leadership matters, but even more so in the midst of a crisis, where institutional mechanisms may be unequipped to deal with fast-moving circumstances. During such times, leaders are also prone to satisficing and relying on heuristics in order to come to decisions. This paper surveys the use of political heuristics and asserts that their use is directly proportional to the abilities of institutions; where institutions have no formal mechanisms to deal with a crisis, heuristics are relied on more heavily. In such a situation, policies tend to be more extreme than otherwise. Using the COVID-19 pandemic as the background, and in particular the decision to enter into a lockdown of varying degrees, this paper examines the use of heuristics by leaders during the crisis. Combining a case study approach with an empirical exercise, I show that institutional mechanisms were important for determining the response to the coronavirus as the pandemic began. However, once the full extent of the crisis was apparent, the attributes of leaders—relying on their pre-formed heuristics and playing out according to their ideologies, background, and experience—played a much more important role in determining the lockdown policy in a particular nation.
{"title":"The Limits of Institutions and the Reliance on Heuristics during the COVID-19 Pandemic","authors":"C. Hartwell","doi":"10.1177/19367244221077410","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/19367244221077410","url":null,"abstract":"Leadership matters, but even more so in the midst of a crisis, where institutional mechanisms may be unequipped to deal with fast-moving circumstances. During such times, leaders are also prone to satisficing and relying on heuristics in order to come to decisions. This paper surveys the use of political heuristics and asserts that their use is directly proportional to the abilities of institutions; where institutions have no formal mechanisms to deal with a crisis, heuristics are relied on more heavily. In such a situation, policies tend to be more extreme than otherwise. Using the COVID-19 pandemic as the background, and in particular the decision to enter into a lockdown of varying degrees, this paper examines the use of heuristics by leaders during the crisis. Combining a case study approach with an empirical exercise, I show that institutional mechanisms were important for determining the response to the coronavirus as the pandemic began. However, once the full extent of the crisis was apparent, the attributes of leaders—relying on their pre-formed heuristics and playing out according to their ideologies, background, and experience—played a much more important role in determining the lockdown policy in a particular nation.","PeriodicalId":39829,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Applied Social Science","volume":"44 1","pages":"419 - 441"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-02-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"81116680","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-02-04DOI: 10.1177/19367244221075856
{"title":"Corrigendum to 2020 Association for Applied and Clinical Sociology Membership Survey","authors":"","doi":"10.1177/19367244221075856","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/19367244221075856","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":39829,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Applied Social Science","volume":"176 1","pages":"548 - 549"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-02-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"73491734","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-02-01DOI: 10.1177/19367244211067716
S. Kebede, N. Geda, B. Legesse, Belay Fekadu
The first case of coronavirus was reported in Ethiopia on March 13, 2020, and the number of cases has been rising continually. This study examined the level and correlates of risk perception, knowledge, and attitude in relation to COVID-19 in Ethiopia. It also assessed the level of adoption of various preventive practices and their association with risk perception, knowledge, and attitude. The rapid assessment was made using data collected in a telephone survey. Correlates of knowledge, attitude, and risk/impact perception were assessed using Poisson regression. Econometric estimation was used to identify the correlations of knowledge, attitude, and risk/impact perception scores with the adoption of preventive practices. A total of 1,037 respondents participated in the survey. Although the level of knowledge about the pandemic was generally good among the population, a significant proportion of the population (the elderly and less educated) still do not have correct knowledge about the disease symptoms and means of transmission. Some respondents revealed unfavorable attitudes about the virus, and around two-thirds of respondents did not perceive the fast-expanding pandemic to be a major risk. A significant correlation was found between the adoption of preventive practices and knowledge, attitude, and impact perception in relation to COVID-19. Health education interventions would be more effective if they were to target certain demographic groups, such as the elderly and less educated, whose overall average knowledge about COVID-19 is lower. The use of a multiple media outlet for disseminating information on COVID-19 may improve choices and enhance knowledge.
{"title":"COVID-19 Preventive Practices and their Relation to Knowledge, Attitude, and Risk Perception: Results of a Telephone Survey in Ethiopia","authors":"S. Kebede, N. Geda, B. Legesse, Belay Fekadu","doi":"10.1177/19367244211067716","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/19367244211067716","url":null,"abstract":"The first case of coronavirus was reported in Ethiopia on March 13, 2020, and the number of cases has been rising continually. This study examined the level and correlates of risk perception, knowledge, and attitude in relation to COVID-19 in Ethiopia. It also assessed the level of adoption of various preventive practices and their association with risk perception, knowledge, and attitude. The rapid assessment was made using data collected in a telephone survey. Correlates of knowledge, attitude, and risk/impact perception were assessed using Poisson regression. Econometric estimation was used to identify the correlations of knowledge, attitude, and risk/impact perception scores with the adoption of preventive practices. A total of 1,037 respondents participated in the survey. Although the level of knowledge about the pandemic was generally good among the population, a significant proportion of the population (the elderly and less educated) still do not have correct knowledge about the disease symptoms and means of transmission. Some respondents revealed unfavorable attitudes about the virus, and around two-thirds of respondents did not perceive the fast-expanding pandemic to be a major risk. A significant correlation was found between the adoption of preventive practices and knowledge, attitude, and impact perception in relation to COVID-19. Health education interventions would be more effective if they were to target certain demographic groups, such as the elderly and less educated, whose overall average knowledge about COVID-19 is lower. The use of a multiple media outlet for disseminating information on COVID-19 may improve choices and enhance knowledge.","PeriodicalId":39829,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Applied Social Science","volume":"1 1","pages":"482 - 501"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"90647351","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-01-25DOI: 10.1177/19367244211069950
M. Yamada
This study examines how shelter workers who serve formerly homeless veterans perceive their experiences and performances related to their workplace. Previous research shows that perceived social support is strongly related to self-efficacy, work morale, and job satisfaction among workers. Interviews administered to homeless shelter workers reveal how they engage in daily tasks and recognize support systems at work. Results show that homeless shelter workers experience positive outcomes associated with their profession while they feel significant challenges and confrontations posed by clients. Acknowledging the critical role of the homeless shelter workforce in addressing veteran homelessness, this study emphasizes the importance of offering effective staff trainings. To support the homeless shelter workforce and develop its capacity, organizational effort should focus on promoting social support and protecting staff well-being.
{"title":"The Role of Homeless Shelter Workers: A Study of Staff Serving Homeless Veterans","authors":"M. Yamada","doi":"10.1177/19367244211069950","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/19367244211069950","url":null,"abstract":"This study examines how shelter workers who serve formerly homeless veterans perceive their experiences and performances related to their workplace. Previous research shows that perceived social support is strongly related to self-efficacy, work morale, and job satisfaction among workers. Interviews administered to homeless shelter workers reveal how they engage in daily tasks and recognize support systems at work. Results show that homeless shelter workers experience positive outcomes associated with their profession while they feel significant challenges and confrontations posed by clients. Acknowledging the critical role of the homeless shelter workforce in addressing veteran homelessness, this study emphasizes the importance of offering effective staff trainings. To support the homeless shelter workforce and develop its capacity, organizational effort should focus on promoting social support and protecting staff well-being.","PeriodicalId":39829,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Applied Social Science","volume":"48 1","pages":"17 - 30"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-01-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"84146714","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-12-29DOI: 10.1177/19367244211058730
S. M. Gayadeen, Scott W. Phillips, James J. Sobol
Since the 1960s, there has been well-documented incidents of the scholar-practitioner tension within policing research. Though there has been maturation in the professional partnership over the years, hindrances persist. The current study aims to advance collaborative efforts between the academic and law enforcement communities. Data for the current study derived from written documents and interviews. Results indicate that one individual, who possesses the appreciative cultural and social capital, can successfully mobilize collaborative research agendas between academics and police officers. These forms of capital (i.e., cultural and social) offer a new outlook on negotiating the obstacles that inhibit successful research collaboration between both professions. For new policing scholars, who have minimal connections with law enforcement, findings in the current study may serve as a recipe of sorts to better understand the practitioners to identify in collaborative research endeavors.
{"title":"Further Mitigating the Academic-Law Enforcement Research Divide","authors":"S. M. Gayadeen, Scott W. Phillips, James J. Sobol","doi":"10.1177/19367244211058730","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/19367244211058730","url":null,"abstract":"Since the 1960s, there has been well-documented incidents of the scholar-practitioner tension within policing research. Though there has been maturation in the professional partnership over the years, hindrances persist. The current study aims to advance collaborative efforts between the academic and law enforcement communities. Data for the current study derived from written documents and interviews. Results indicate that one individual, who possesses the appreciative cultural and social capital, can successfully mobilize collaborative research agendas between academics and police officers. These forms of capital (i.e., cultural and social) offer a new outlook on negotiating the obstacles that inhibit successful research collaboration between both professions. For new policing scholars, who have minimal connections with law enforcement, findings in the current study may serve as a recipe of sorts to better understand the practitioners to identify in collaborative research endeavors.","PeriodicalId":39829,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Applied Social Science","volume":"66 1","pages":"305 - 317"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-12-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"90396095","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-12-22DOI: 10.1177/19367244211054381
Jasleen Kaur, Anoushka Sharma
The primary objective of this paper is to design the framework for enhancing the emotional competence of preschool children by examining the perspective of parents’ involvement with children staying at home. The paper also discusses (1) the concept of social-emotional competence and its importance for preschool children; (2) the concept of emotional competence, happiness, home learning, and sharing among children; and (3) the role of parents in promoting emotional competence in preschool children. The paper examined the impact of home learning, happiness, and sharing habits on the emotional competence of preschool children by using Partial Least Squares-Structural Equation Modeling (PLS-SEM) 2.0. The respondents included 358 randomly selected parents in two districts of Punjab state of India who have children aged 3 to 6 years. The results showed that happiness and home learning had a significant positive impact on the emotional competence of preschool children. However, sharing habits did not impact emotional competence to a significant extent in the current study.
{"title":"Establishing Early Foundations to Promote Emotional Competence in Preschool Children","authors":"Jasleen Kaur, Anoushka Sharma","doi":"10.1177/19367244211054381","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/19367244211054381","url":null,"abstract":"The primary objective of this paper is to design the framework for enhancing the emotional competence of preschool children by examining the perspective of parents’ involvement with children staying at home. The paper also discusses (1) the concept of social-emotional competence and its importance for preschool children; (2) the concept of emotional competence, happiness, home learning, and sharing among children; and (3) the role of parents in promoting emotional competence in preschool children. The paper examined the impact of home learning, happiness, and sharing habits on the emotional competence of preschool children by using Partial Least Squares-Structural Equation Modeling (PLS-SEM) 2.0. The respondents included 358 randomly selected parents in two districts of Punjab state of India who have children aged 3 to 6 years. The results showed that happiness and home learning had a significant positive impact on the emotional competence of preschool children. However, sharing habits did not impact emotional competence to a significant extent in the current study.","PeriodicalId":39829,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Applied Social Science","volume":"1 1","pages":"399 - 418"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-12-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"84665110","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-12-17DOI: 10.1177/19367244211061671
M. T. Kurbucz
The goal of this paper is to examine the role of social factors in the formation of country reports related to COVID-19 in the early stages of the pandemic. To this end, a linked database of countries’ COVID-19 reports and five composite variables (which compress the information content of 162 preliminary selected socioeconomic indicators) is analyzed by using regression models with regional dummy interactions. The main findings not only reflect the importance of foreign travel restrictions and airport controls but also show that in Europe and Africa, more corrupt countries have reported significantly fewer cases and deaths than countries in other regions.
{"title":"Modeling the Social Determinants of Official COVID-19 Reports in the Early Stages of the Pandemic","authors":"M. T. Kurbucz","doi":"10.1177/19367244211061671","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/19367244211061671","url":null,"abstract":"The goal of this paper is to examine the role of social factors in the formation of country reports related to COVID-19 in the early stages of the pandemic. To this end, a linked database of countries’ COVID-19 reports and five composite variables (which compress the information content of 162 preliminary selected socioeconomic indicators) is analyzed by using regression models with regional dummy interactions. The main findings not only reflect the importance of foreign travel restrictions and airport controls but also show that in Europe and Africa, more corrupt countries have reported significantly fewer cases and deaths than countries in other regions.","PeriodicalId":39829,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Applied Social Science","volume":"22 1","pages":"356 - 363"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-12-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"81628448","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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