Pub Date : 2024-07-12DOI: 10.1142/s0116110524400109
Nilaphy Phommachanh
Over the past few decades, special economic zones (SEZs) have become a widely used industrial policy tool to support structural transformation and economic development. Yet their impact on the economy remains inconclusive, especially in developing countries where the lack of data presents a challenge. This study examines the potentially causal effect of SEZs on the economy of the Lao People’s Democratic Republic using harmonized nightlight satellite data as a proxy for annual economic activity in 148 districts from 1992 to 2021. Using counterfactual estimators for causal inference with time-series, cross-sectional data, SEZ establishment appears to result in a statistically significant increase in the economic activity of the host districts. Heterogeneity tests show that (i) SEZs in the Lao People’s Democratic Republic seem to have had a greater impact on economic activity after 2010, coinciding with the establishment of dedicated SEZ agencies; and (ii) industrial zones appear to have a higher impact than tourism zones.
{"title":"The Impact of Special Economic Zones on Economic Development: Evidence from Nightlight Analysis in the Lao People’s Democratic Republic","authors":"Nilaphy Phommachanh","doi":"10.1142/s0116110524400109","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1142/s0116110524400109","url":null,"abstract":"Over the past few decades, special economic zones (SEZs) have become a widely used industrial policy tool to support structural transformation and economic development. Yet their impact on the economy remains inconclusive, especially in developing countries where the lack of data presents a challenge. This study examines the potentially causal effect of SEZs on the economy of the Lao People’s Democratic Republic using harmonized nightlight satellite data as a proxy for annual economic activity in 148 districts from 1992 to 2021. Using counterfactual estimators for causal inference with time-series, cross-sectional data, SEZ establishment appears to result in a statistically significant increase in the economic activity of the host districts. Heterogeneity tests show that (i) SEZs in the Lao People’s Democratic Republic seem to have had a greater impact on economic activity after 2010, coinciding with the establishment of dedicated SEZ agencies; and (ii) industrial zones appear to have a higher impact than tourism zones.","PeriodicalId":39852,"journal":{"name":"Asian Development Review","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2024-07-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141653483","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-07-12DOI: 10.1142/s0116110524400134
Sunghun Lim, ANH PHUOC THIEN NGUYEN
This study delves into the trade dynamics of Southeast Asian countries in response to the trade dispute between the United States (US) and the People’s Republic of China (PRC). Our analysis uncovers diverse patterns of trade diversion effects among eight Southeast Asian countries, revealing significant disparities in their reactions to this trade dispute. Specifically, we observe Viet Nam’s substantial export growth to both the US and the PRC, influenced by geopolitical uncertainties and strategic relocations. Thailand, on the other hand, experiences positive effects on its exports to the US, potentially due to trade diversion, alongside diminishing exports to the PRC. Moreover, we find sector-specific trends, such as an upsurge in machinery exports from Viet Nam, Thailand, and Indonesia. In contrast, Brunei Darussalam, Indonesia, Malaysia, Myanmar, the Philippines, and Singapore largely sustained their respective export levels to the US. Our findings highlight the importance of tailored trade policies that consider each Southeast Asian country’s unique industrial structure and degree of global value chain integration.
{"title":"Shifting Trade Winds: Southeast Asia’s Response to the United States–People’s Republic of China Trade Dispute","authors":"Sunghun Lim, ANH PHUOC THIEN NGUYEN","doi":"10.1142/s0116110524400134","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1142/s0116110524400134","url":null,"abstract":"This study delves into the trade dynamics of Southeast Asian countries in response to the trade dispute between the United States (US) and the People’s Republic of China (PRC). Our analysis uncovers diverse patterns of trade diversion effects among eight Southeast Asian countries, revealing significant disparities in their reactions to this trade dispute. Specifically, we observe Viet Nam’s substantial export growth to both the US and the PRC, influenced by geopolitical uncertainties and strategic relocations. Thailand, on the other hand, experiences positive effects on its exports to the US, potentially due to trade diversion, alongside diminishing exports to the PRC. Moreover, we find sector-specific trends, such as an upsurge in machinery exports from Viet Nam, Thailand, and Indonesia. In contrast, Brunei Darussalam, Indonesia, Malaysia, Myanmar, the Philippines, and Singapore largely sustained their respective export levels to the US. Our findings highlight the importance of tailored trade policies that consider each Southeast Asian country’s unique industrial structure and degree of global value chain integration.","PeriodicalId":39852,"journal":{"name":"Asian Development Review","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2024-07-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141652280","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-07-12DOI: 10.1142/s0116110524020025
John Gibson
Many countries in Asia and the Pacific have experienced rapid economic growth and structural transformation in recent decades. Yet, some countries are still at an early stage of this structural transformation and face external conditions less favorable than those faced by the first movers when they were at a similar early stage in their transformation. The external environment is less auspicious, with trade tensions and “friend-shoring” leading to possible deglobalization, while demographic headwinds could also lower sustainable growth rates and induce technological changes, such as the increased use of robots, that reduce the possibility of relying upon labor-intensive development strategies.
{"title":"Structural Transformation in Asia and the Pacific","authors":"John Gibson","doi":"10.1142/s0116110524020025","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1142/s0116110524020025","url":null,"abstract":"Many countries in Asia and the Pacific have experienced rapid economic growth and structural transformation in recent decades. Yet, some countries are still at an early stage of this structural transformation and face external conditions less favorable than those faced by the first movers when they were at a similar early stage in their transformation. The external environment is less auspicious, with trade tensions and “friend-shoring” leading to possible deglobalization, while demographic headwinds could also lower sustainable growth rates and induce technological changes, such as the increased use of robots, that reduce the possibility of relying upon labor-intensive development strategies.","PeriodicalId":39852,"journal":{"name":"Asian Development Review","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2024-07-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141653093","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-07-12DOI: 10.1142/s0116110524400092
Wannaphong Durongkaveroj
Developing countries have greatly benefited from globalization, coinciding with economic growth and structural transformation. The standard trade theory postulates that trade openness contributes to poverty alleviation directly by changing factor proportions of production and indirectly through the trickle-down effect of growth. Existing multicountry studies using the trade-to-gross-domestic-product ratio to measure openness often fail to find a direct effect of openness on poverty over and above the growth–poverty nexus. This paper is motivated by the concern that the failure of these studies to detect the effectiveness of the factor proportion channel may be due to limitations of the commonly used measure of trade openness: the trade-to-gross-domestic-product ratio. Using a newly constructed index of trade openness, which I dub “the price convergence index,” I find a significant direct effect of openness on poverty reduction. The results also suggest that the impact of growth on poverty is greater for economies with more open trade regimes.
{"title":"Trade Openness and the Growth–Poverty Nexus: A Reappraisal with a New Openness Indicator","authors":"Wannaphong Durongkaveroj","doi":"10.1142/s0116110524400092","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1142/s0116110524400092","url":null,"abstract":"Developing countries have greatly benefited from globalization, coinciding with economic growth and structural transformation. The standard trade theory postulates that trade openness contributes to poverty alleviation directly by changing factor proportions of production and indirectly through the trickle-down effect of growth. Existing multicountry studies using the trade-to-gross-domestic-product ratio to measure openness often fail to find a direct effect of openness on poverty over and above the growth–poverty nexus. This paper is motivated by the concern that the failure of these studies to detect the effectiveness of the factor proportion channel may be due to limitations of the commonly used measure of trade openness: the trade-to-gross-domestic-product ratio. Using a newly constructed index of trade openness, which I dub “the price convergence index,” I find a significant direct effect of openness on poverty reduction. The results also suggest that the impact of growth on poverty is greater for economies with more open trade regimes.","PeriodicalId":39852,"journal":{"name":"Asian Development Review","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2024-07-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141655095","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-07-12DOI: 10.1142/s0116110524400110
Dyah Pritadrajati, Nurina Merdikawati, Sweta C. Saxena, A. M. Tjahjadi
This study investigates the relationship between minimum wage policies and educational choices, specifically the decision between vocational and general school enrollment. While higher minimum wages often attract students to vocational education as a faster route to employment, our analysis of Indonesia Family Life Survey data finds little evidence of increased enrollment in vocational education. This suggests that hikes in the minimum wage are unlikely to divert students away from general education. Our findings reveal notable heterogeneity, showing that an increase in the minimum wage is associated with a statistically significant reduction in the likelihood of men and individuals in rural areas to opt for vocational education. These findings underscore the critical need for Indonesia to revitalize its vocational education system, striking a balance between general and vocational pathways to equip its workforce with the skills required for a rapidly changing environment.
{"title":"Minimum Wage and Educational Pathways in Indonesia: General or Vocational Tracks?","authors":"Dyah Pritadrajati, Nurina Merdikawati, Sweta C. Saxena, A. M. Tjahjadi","doi":"10.1142/s0116110524400110","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1142/s0116110524400110","url":null,"abstract":"This study investigates the relationship between minimum wage policies and educational choices, specifically the decision between vocational and general school enrollment. While higher minimum wages often attract students to vocational education as a faster route to employment, our analysis of Indonesia Family Life Survey data finds little evidence of increased enrollment in vocational education. This suggests that hikes in the minimum wage are unlikely to divert students away from general education. Our findings reveal notable heterogeneity, showing that an increase in the minimum wage is associated with a statistically significant reduction in the likelihood of men and individuals in rural areas to opt for vocational education. These findings underscore the critical need for Indonesia to revitalize its vocational education system, striking a balance between general and vocational pathways to equip its workforce with the skills required for a rapidly changing environment.","PeriodicalId":39852,"journal":{"name":"Asian Development Review","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2024-07-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141654864","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-05-20DOI: 10.1142/s0116110524500057
Arevik GNUTZMANN-MKRTCHYAN, Jules Hugot
This paper uses two empirical tools to quantify the impact of tariff changes on bilateral trade and welfare. Both tools are rooted in structural gravity literature. The first tool estimates the impact of tariff changes on bilateral trade for 5,020 products in a partial equilibrium framework. The second tool quantifies the impact on bilateral aggregate trade in a general equilibrium setup, allowing estimates of trade diversion and welfare changes. These tools are used to estimate the impact of tariff changes on Armenia with regard to (i) its alignment with the external tariff of the Eurasian Economic Union; (ii) free trade agreements between the Eurasian Economic Union and other economies, including Iran and the People’s Republic of China; and (iii) Armenia’s loss of beneficiary status under the Generalised Scheme of Preferences of the European Union.
{"title":"Gravity-Based Tools to Assess the Impact of Tariff Changes: An Application to Armenia","authors":"Arevik GNUTZMANN-MKRTCHYAN, Jules Hugot","doi":"10.1142/s0116110524500057","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1142/s0116110524500057","url":null,"abstract":"This paper uses two empirical tools to quantify the impact of tariff changes on bilateral trade and welfare. Both tools are rooted in structural gravity literature. The first tool estimates the impact of tariff changes on bilateral trade for 5,020 products in a partial equilibrium framework. The second tool quantifies the impact on bilateral aggregate trade in a general equilibrium setup, allowing estimates of trade diversion and welfare changes. These tools are used to estimate the impact of tariff changes on Armenia with regard to (i) its alignment with the external tariff of the Eurasian Economic Union; (ii) free trade agreements between the Eurasian Economic Union and other economies, including Iran and the People’s Republic of China; and (iii) Armenia’s loss of beneficiary status under the Generalised Scheme of Preferences of the European Union.","PeriodicalId":39852,"journal":{"name":"Asian Development Review","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2024-05-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141119129","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-05-10DOI: 10.1142/s0116110524500069
Tanadej Vechsuruck, Praopan Pratoomchat
Thailand has experienced a decline in income inequality coupled with unimpressive economic growth since the end of the 1997/98 Asian financial crisis. This paper uses the structuralist approach to understand how these concurrent economic phenomena have become deeply intertwined. We argue that this intertwining results from Thailand’s economic structure, manifesting two types of dualism: (i) the dualism of the formal–informal sectors and (ii) the dualism of the dynamic–stagnant sectors. A decline in the informal sector in recent years coincides with a decrease in income inequality. Further, the second type of dualism between the dynamic and stagnant sectors has emerged since 2000. The stagnant sectors’ employment share has grown faster than that of the dynamic sectors, resulting in a slowdown in economic growth and less inequality. The decline of the informal sector and the rise of the stagnant sectors are the primary engines weighing down economic growth and reducing income inequality in Thailand.
{"title":"Double Dualism, Economic Growth Slowdown, and Falling Income Inequality in Thailand","authors":"Tanadej Vechsuruck, Praopan Pratoomchat","doi":"10.1142/s0116110524500069","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1142/s0116110524500069","url":null,"abstract":"Thailand has experienced a decline in income inequality coupled with unimpressive economic growth since the end of the 1997/98 Asian financial crisis. This paper uses the structuralist approach to understand how these concurrent economic phenomena have become deeply intertwined. We argue that this intertwining results from Thailand’s economic structure, manifesting two types of dualism: (i) the dualism of the formal–informal sectors and (ii) the dualism of the dynamic–stagnant sectors. A decline in the informal sector in recent years coincides with a decrease in income inequality. Further, the second type of dualism between the dynamic and stagnant sectors has emerged since 2000. The stagnant sectors’ employment share has grown faster than that of the dynamic sectors, resulting in a slowdown in economic growth and less inequality. The decline of the informal sector and the rise of the stagnant sectors are the primary engines weighing down economic growth and reducing income inequality in Thailand.","PeriodicalId":39852,"journal":{"name":"Asian Development Review","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2024-05-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140991933","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-02-26DOI: 10.1142/s0116110524500045
Zhiyang Shen, Songkai Wang, SU Liu
Amid the backdrop of globalization, international trade has emerged as a crucial driver of economic development. The People’s Republic of China (PRC), as the instigator and key participant in the “Belt and Road” initiative, has garnered substantial attention for its trade collaborations with other participating countries. While numerous studies have examined the impact of the initiative on the PRC’s export trade, there has been relatively limited research on its influence on imports by Chinese enterprises. Hence, this paper aims to address this gap by utilizing the PRC’s customs import data from 2010 to 2015 and focusing on enterprises located in the PRC’s core cities along the Belt and Road route. The study seeks to analyze the initiative’s impact and the underlying mechanisms it employs to shape their import patterns. The findings of this research demonstrate that the Belt and Road initiative plays a significant role in fostering “quality growth” through two primary channels: product diversity and urban innovation capability. Notably, these effects are particularly pronounced for foreign-funded enterprises, capital goods, and enterprises situated in coastal cities. By using the Belt and Road initiative as a case study, this paper provides valuable insights that can inform efforts to further enhance the impact of international cooperation, actively expand imports, and achieve the high-quality development of foreign trade.
{"title":"Enhancing Enterprise Integration: Analyzing the Impacts of the Belt and Road Initiative on High-Quality Development in the People’s Republic of China","authors":"Zhiyang Shen, Songkai Wang, SU Liu","doi":"10.1142/s0116110524500045","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1142/s0116110524500045","url":null,"abstract":"Amid the backdrop of globalization, international trade has emerged as a crucial driver of economic development. The People’s Republic of China (PRC), as the instigator and key participant in the “Belt and Road” initiative, has garnered substantial attention for its trade collaborations with other participating countries. While numerous studies have examined the impact of the initiative on the PRC’s export trade, there has been relatively limited research on its influence on imports by Chinese enterprises. Hence, this paper aims to address this gap by utilizing the PRC’s customs import data from 2010 to 2015 and focusing on enterprises located in the PRC’s core cities along the Belt and Road route. The study seeks to analyze the initiative’s impact and the underlying mechanisms it employs to shape their import patterns. The findings of this research demonstrate that the Belt and Road initiative plays a significant role in fostering “quality growth” through two primary channels: product diversity and urban innovation capability. Notably, these effects are particularly pronounced for foreign-funded enterprises, capital goods, and enterprises situated in coastal cities. By using the Belt and Road initiative as a case study, this paper provides valuable insights that can inform efforts to further enhance the impact of international cooperation, actively expand imports, and achieve the high-quality development of foreign trade.","PeriodicalId":39852,"journal":{"name":"Asian Development Review","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2024-02-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140428530","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-02-26DOI: 10.1142/s0116110524500021
Katharina Fenz, Thomas Mitterling, A. J. M. Martinez, J. Bulan, Ron Lester Durante, Marymell A. Martillan, Mildred B. Addawe, Isabell Roitner-Fransecky
Detailed data on the distribution of human populations are valuable inputs to research and decision making. This study aims at compiling data on population density that are more granular than government-published estimates and assessing different methods and model specifications. As a first step, we combine government-published data with publicly available data like land cover classes, elevation, slope, and nighttime lights, and then apply a random forest approach to estimate population density in the Philippines and Thailand at the 100 meter (m) by 100 m level. Second, we use different specifications of random forest and Bayesian model averaging (BMA) techniques to forecast grid-level population density and evaluate their predictive power. The use of a random forest model showed that reasonable forecasts of grid-level population growth rates are achievable. The results of this study contribute to the assessment of methods like random forest and BMA in forecasting population distributions.
{"title":"Compiling Granular Population Data Using Geospatial Information","authors":"Katharina Fenz, Thomas Mitterling, A. J. M. Martinez, J. Bulan, Ron Lester Durante, Marymell A. Martillan, Mildred B. Addawe, Isabell Roitner-Fransecky","doi":"10.1142/s0116110524500021","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1142/s0116110524500021","url":null,"abstract":"Detailed data on the distribution of human populations are valuable inputs to research and decision making. This study aims at compiling data on population density that are more granular than government-published estimates and assessing different methods and model specifications. As a first step, we combine government-published data with publicly available data like land cover classes, elevation, slope, and nighttime lights, and then apply a random forest approach to estimate population density in the Philippines and Thailand at the 100 meter (m) by 100 m level. Second, we use different specifications of random forest and Bayesian model averaging (BMA) techniques to forecast grid-level population density and evaluate their predictive power. The use of a random forest model showed that reasonable forecasts of grid-level population growth rates are achievable. The results of this study contribute to the assessment of methods like random forest and BMA in forecasting population distributions.","PeriodicalId":39852,"journal":{"name":"Asian Development Review","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2024-02-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140429456","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-02-26DOI: 10.1142/s0116110524500033
A. Rodríguez‐Pose, Federico Bartalucci, B. Kurmanov, Genadiy Rau, Kaisar Nigmetov
Growing disparities in wealth, well-being, and access to services in Kazakhstan have raised serious concerns among policymakers, especially since the January 2022 protests. This paper evaluates these regional inequalities and presents the findings from Kazakhstan’s inaugural well-being survey. The survey, based on global best practices, involves 4,032 face-to-face interviews with a diverse sample across all 20 regions, ensuring representation. The resulting indices—the Subjective Well-Being Index and the Regional Well-Being Index—highlight both within-region and between-region disparities. Notably, the indices reveal significant variations in well-being, with certain regions reporting notably lower satisfaction levels across dimensions like trust in institutions, satisfaction with financial and housing conditions, health care and education quality, and personal security perceptions.
{"title":"Assessing Regional Inequalities in Kazakhstan through Well-Being","authors":"A. Rodríguez‐Pose, Federico Bartalucci, B. Kurmanov, Genadiy Rau, Kaisar Nigmetov","doi":"10.1142/s0116110524500033","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1142/s0116110524500033","url":null,"abstract":"Growing disparities in wealth, well-being, and access to services in Kazakhstan have raised serious concerns among policymakers, especially since the January 2022 protests. This paper evaluates these regional inequalities and presents the findings from Kazakhstan’s inaugural well-being survey. The survey, based on global best practices, involves 4,032 face-to-face interviews with a diverse sample across all 20 regions, ensuring representation. The resulting indices—the Subjective Well-Being Index and the Regional Well-Being Index—highlight both within-region and between-region disparities. Notably, the indices reveal significant variations in well-being, with certain regions reporting notably lower satisfaction levels across dimensions like trust in institutions, satisfaction with financial and housing conditions, health care and education quality, and personal security perceptions.","PeriodicalId":39852,"journal":{"name":"Asian Development Review","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2024-02-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140428282","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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