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Adsorption behavior of water molecules on the surface of lithium hydride 水分子在氢化锂表面的吸附行为
Q4 Engineering Pub Date : 2020-10-01 DOI: 10.11884/HPLPB202032.200217
Liu Cheng, Lei Jiehong
The theoretical analysis method is used to calculate the adsorption behavior of water molecules on the surface of lithium hydride, and analyze the influence of surface modification of lithium hydride on its hydrophobic performance. The results show that after constructing groove structure and columnar structure on LiH-111 surface and LiH-100 surface, the adsorption force to water molecules of the modified surface is stronger than that of the complete surface, indicating that the introduction of surface microstructure does change the potential energy distribution. There is a superposition of potential energy at the intersection of the walls, which strengthens the ability to adsorb water molecules, but does not cause changes in the hydrophilic properties of the surface. Water molecules can be stably adsorbed on the perfect LiH (001) surface, and its dissociation energy barrier is only 0.386 eV. This dissociation reaction can be carried out at room temperature. Water molecules are easily dissociated on the LiH surface with structural defects, which is the fundamental reason why LiH decomposes easily in a certain humidity air and water environment.
采用理论分析方法计算了水分子在氢化锂表面的吸附行为,分析了氢化锂表面改性对其疏水性能的影响。结果表明,在LiH-111表面和LiH-100表面构建凹槽结构和柱状结构后,改性表面对水分子的吸附力强于完整表面,表明表面微观结构的引入确实改变了势能分布。在壁的交叉处存在势能的叠加,这增强了吸附水分子的能力,但不会导致表面亲水性的变化。水分子可以稳定地吸附在完美的LiH(001)表面,其离解能垒仅为0.386eV。这种离解反应可以在室温下进行。水分子容易在有结构缺陷的LiH表面离解,这是LiH在一定湿度的空气和水环境中容易分解的根本原因。
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引用次数: 0
1106 nm Q -switched Nd:GAGG laser using gold nanocages as saturable absorbers 采用金纳米笼作为可饱和吸收剂的1106 nm调Q Nd:GAGG激光器
Q4 Engineering Pub Date : 2020-10-01 DOI: 10.11884/HPLPB202032.200127
Zhang Bin, L.T.S. Ying, Liu Binghai
Using gold nanocages (GNCs) as saturable absorbers (SAs), passively Q-switched Nd:GAGG lasers at 1106 nm were demonstrated. For the laser at T = 3%, the maximum output power of 98 mW was received under the pump power of 6.70 W, with the shortest pulse width of 436 ns and the pulse repetition rate of 206 kHz. Q-switched pulse with the shortest pulse duration of 370 ns, pulse repetition rate of 170 kHz was achieved at transmittance T=7% under the pump power of 7.69 W with the maximum average output power of 121 mW. These results indicate a great potential of the GNCs as SA in the near-infrared lasers.
利用金纳米笼(GNCs)作为可饱和吸收剂(SAs),研制了1106 nm被动调q Nd:GAGG激光器。当T = 3%时,在6.70 W的泵浦功率下,激光的最大输出功率为98 mW,最短脉冲宽度为436 ns,脉冲重复率为206 kHz。在透过率T=7%、泵浦功率为7.69 W、最大平均输出功率为121 mW的条件下,可获得最短脉冲持续时间为370 ns、脉冲重复频率为170 kHz的调q脉冲。这些结果表明GNCs作为SA在近红外激光器中具有很大的潜力。
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引用次数: 0
Review of the research on electrode erosion of gas spark switch 气体火花开关电极腐蚀研究综述
Q4 Engineering Pub Date : 2020-09-29 DOI: 10.11884/HPLPB202032.200114
Luo Cheng, Cong Peitian, Zhang Tianyang, Luo Weixi
Gas spark switch is the most commonly used key device in pulse power device. The difficult problem of electrode erosion, which affects the performance of gas spark switches, has always become a bottleneck restricting the development and application of gas switch. This article reviews the existing electrode erosion theory and experimental research results, introduces the basic mechanism and simulation model of electrode erosion, summarizes the factors affecting the switching electrode erosion and the research progress of erosion-resistant electrode materials, and finally discusses the problems faced by the erosion research and the direction of optimizing the erosion resistance of the electrode materials.
气体火花开关是脉冲电源装置中最常用的关键器件。影响气体火花开关性能的电极腐蚀难题一直是制约气体火花开关发展和应用的瓶颈。本文综述了现有的电极侵蚀理论和实验研究成果,介绍了电极侵蚀的基本机理和仿真模型,总结了影响开关电极侵蚀的因素和耐侵蚀电极材料的研究进展,最后讨论了侵蚀研究面临的问题和优化电极材料耐侵蚀性能的方向。
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引用次数: 0
Spike leakage characteristic of limiter irradiated by high power microwave 高功率微波辐照限幅器的尖峰泄漏特性
Q4 Engineering Pub Date : 2020-09-29 DOI: 10.11884/HPLPB202032.200097
Chen Zidong, Qin Feng, Zhao Jingtao, Zhao Gang, Liu Zhong
In this work, the response characteristics of the microwave limiter under various high power microwave irradiation are investigated via both simulation and experiment, and the simulation results match those of the experiment well. When the input power exceeds 6 dBm, a spike leakage phenomenon is observed. As the input power increases, the rise time and pulse width of the leakage peak decrease, whereas the leakage power gradually increases. However, the leakage power of the plateau firstly linearly increases, then gradually decreases, and finally slightly increases. Moreover, the pulse width and repetition frequency have almost no influence on the characteristics of leakage pulse, and the leakage energy decreases as the injection power increases.
本文通过仿真和实验研究了微波限幅器在各种高功率微波辐照下的响应特性,仿真结果与实验结果吻合较好。当输入功率超过6dBm时,观察到尖峰泄漏现象。随着输入功率的增加,泄漏峰值的上升时间和脉冲宽度减小,而泄漏功率逐渐增加。然而,平台的泄漏功率首先线性增加,然后逐渐减小,最后略有增加。此外,脉冲宽度和重复频率对泄漏脉冲的特性几乎没有影响,并且泄漏能量随着注入功率的增加而减小。
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引用次数: 1
Development of the high repetitive frequency solid-state pulse generator based on DSRD 基于DSRD的高重复频率固体脉冲发生器的研制
Q4 Engineering Pub Date : 2020-09-29 DOI: 10.11884/HPLPB202032.200102
Lai Yuchen, Xie Yanzhao, Wang Haiyang, Qiu Yangxin, Yang Jie
This paper presents a solid-state pulse generator based on drift step recovery diode (DSRD) - a new high-power, ultra-fast semiconductor opening switch, and a saturable pulse transformer. The topology structure of circuit is designed, the operating principle of the pulse generator is analyzed theoretically. And the influence of several key circuit parameters on the output waveform of the pulse generator is studied, including the coil winding turns, the magnetic core layers, the load resistance, and the trigger pulse width. The experimental results show that the pulse generator can produce a pulse at a 50 kΩ-resistive load with amplitude 38.2 kV, rise time 7.1 ns, pulse width 14.1 ns, output peak power 29.2kW, and it could work stably at the repetition frequency of 400 kHz.
本文介绍了一种基于漂移阶跃恢复二极管(DSRD)的固态脉冲发生器——一种新型的大功率、超高速半导体开断开关和可饱和脉冲变压器。设计了电路的拓扑结构,从理论上分析了脉冲发生器的工作原理。研究了线圈绕组匝数、磁芯层数、负载电阻和触发脉宽等关键电路参数对脉冲发生器输出波形的影响。实验结果表明,该脉冲发生器在50 kΩ-resistive负载下可产生幅值38.2 kV、上升时间7.1 ns、脉宽14.1 ns、输出峰值功率29.2kW的脉冲,并能在400 kHz重复频率下稳定工作。
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引用次数: 0
Design of G-band 500 W sheet beam extended-interaction klystron G波段500W片束扩展相互作用速调管的设计
Q4 Engineering Pub Date : 2020-09-29 DOI: 10.11884/HPLPB202032.200195
Z. Changqing, Feng Jinjun, Cai Jun, Pan Pan
High power generation in terahertz frequency band is limited by physical mechanism. A G-band sheet beam extended-interaction klystron was designed to demonstrate the power level and the physical factors that affect the performance of the klystron. An elliptical electron beam with a voltage of 24.5 kV, a current of 0.6 A and the dimension of 1 mm×0.15 mm was used. To match the size of the sheet beam and obtain high efficiency and high gain, the transverse-oversized barbell type multi-gap resonant cavity was used as the interaction circuit. The 3D PIC simulation results show that more than 500 W of power output can be obtained with the actual cavity loss considered, and the electron efficiency and gain are 3.65% and 38.2 dB respectively. It is found that the power and efficiency are largely restricted by the mode stability of the multi-gap cavity as well as the ohmic loss. The ohmic loss of the output cavity has a significant effect on the final output power which should be given special consideration in engineering design. The research in this paper has laid a good foundation for the development of high frequency sheet beam extended-interaction devices.
太赫兹频段的高功率产生受到物理机制的限制。设计了一个G波段片束扩展相互作用速调管,以演示功率水平和影响速调管性能的物理因素。使用电压为24.5kV、电流为0.6A、尺寸为1mm×0.15mm的椭圆电子束。为了匹配片梁的尺寸并获得高效率和高增益,采用横向超大杠铃型多间隙谐振腔作为相互作用电路。三维PIC仿真结果表明,在考虑实际腔损耗的情况下,可以获得超过500W的功率输出,电子效率和增益分别为3.65%和38.2dB。研究发现,多间隙腔的模式稳定性以及欧姆损耗在很大程度上限制了功率和效率。输出腔的欧姆损耗对最终输出功率有很大影响,在工程设计中应予以特别考虑。本文的研究为开发高频片梁扩展相互作用器件奠定了良好的基础。
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引用次数: 2
22 GHz linewidth all-fiber laser achieved 2.62 kW near diffraction-limited output 22 GHz线宽全光纤激光器实现了2.62 kW近衍射极限输出
Q4 Engineering Pub Date : 2020-09-29 DOI: 10.11884/HPLPB202032.200143
Chu Qiuhui, Liao Ruoyu, Shu Qiang, Tao Rumao, Yan Donglin, Liang Fengyun, Lin Honghuan, Wen Jing, W. Jianjun, Jing Feng
This paper demonstrates an all-fiber high-power Yb-doped 1064 nm fiber laser based on master oscillator power amplifier structure. The record output power up to 2625 W was achieved, along with a slope efficiency of 76%. The beam quality factor is Mx2=1.273, My2=1.255, and full width at half maximum is 21.7 GHz at maximum power level. The fiber laser has the highest output power of all-fiber lasers with 22 GHz linewidth.
本文介绍了一种基于主振荡功率放大器结构的全光纤高功率掺镱1064nm光纤激光器。实现了最高2625W的创纪录输出功率,以及76%的斜率效率。波束质量因子Mx2=1.273,My2=1.255,在最大功率水平下,半最大全宽为21.7 GHz。在所有线宽为22GHz的光纤激光器中,光纤激光器具有最高的输出功率。
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引用次数: 0
Development of X-band 50MW klystron x波段50MW速调管的研制
Q4 Engineering Pub Date : 2020-09-29 DOI: 10.11884/HPLPB202032.200211
Chu Kairong, Sheng Xing, Liao Dongfeng, Dou Yue, Zhong Yong, Zhang Shiqiao
This paper introduces a technical scheme of X-band high peak power klystron. At present, this klystron has achieved 50 MW pulse output power and 57% efficiency at X band. The pulse width is up to 3.6 μs. By using some key techniques, such as COM method, circle waveguide travelling-wave window, Anticorona ring and coating thin film on ceramic, some problems such as high efficiency, high peak power capacity and high reliability are solved. In particular, COM method can be used to optimize electron beam bunching. Compared with the second harmonic bunching method, the interaction efficiency can be further improved by about 10% under the same length of high frequency tube body. Because of the successfully developed klystron, the peak power level of domestic X-band klystron has been raised from 3 MW to 50 MW, and the performance of the klystron has reached the international leading level.
本文介绍了一种X波段高峰值功率速调管的技术方案。目前,该速调管已实现50MW的脉冲输出功率和57%的X波段效率。脉冲宽度可达3.6μs。利用COM法、圆波导行波窗、Anticorona环和陶瓷薄膜涂层等关键技术,解决了高效率、高峰值功率容量和高可靠性等问题。特别地,COM方法可以用于优化电子束聚束。与二次谐波聚束方法相比,在相同长度的高频管体下,相互作用效率可以进一步提高约10%。由于研制成功的速调管,国内X波段速调管的峰值功率水平已从3兆瓦提高到50兆瓦,速调管性能达到国际领先水平。
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引用次数: 0
Introduction to development of streak and framing cameras 介绍条纹相机和分幅相机的发展
Q4 Engineering Pub Date : 2020-09-13 DOI: 10.11884/HPLPB202032.200119
Tian Jinshou
This paper introduces the significance of the research on ultrafast diagnosis technology, summarizes the history and current situation of streak camera and framing camera, analyzes the technical characteristics and main application fields of several mainstream streak tubes, compares the characteristics of domestic and foreign research and development institutions of ultrafast diagnosis equipment. Finally, it presents the achievements and existing problems of ultrafast diagnosis technology in China as well as a preliminary analysis and discussion on further development in this fied.
介绍了超快诊断技术研究的意义,总结了条纹相机和分幅相机的历史和现状,分析了几种主流条纹管的技术特点和主要应用领域,比较了国内外超快诊断设备研发机构的特点。最后,介绍了超快诊断技术在国内取得的成就和存在的问题,并对该领域的进一步发展进行了初步的分析和讨论。
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引用次数: 4
Progress of X-ray high-speed photography technology used in laser driven inertial confinement fusion 激光驱动惯性约束聚变中x射线高速摄影技术的研究进展
Q4 Engineering Pub Date : 2020-09-13 DOI: 10.11884/HPLPB202032.200099
Cao Zhu-rong, Wang Qiangqiang, Deng Bo, Chen Tao, Deng Keli, Wang Weirong, Peng Xingyu, Chen Zhongjing, Yuan Zheng, Li Yu-Kun, Wang Peng, Chen Bo-lun, Wang Feng, He Haien, Liang Xingzhu, Xu Ze-ping, Yang Dong, Yang Jia-min, Jiang Shao-en, Ding Yong-kun, Zhang Wei-Yan
In the study of laser driven inertial confinement fusion (ICF), the image data obtained through X-ray high-speed photography technology can be used to analyze the spatial and temporal evolution of the plasma with fluid state produced by work and energy transport. The research of X-ray high-speed photography technology has always been an important part of the development of ICF diagnostics. The Laser Fusion Research Center of China Academy of Engineering Physics has made important progresses in the research of X-ray high-speed photography technology in recent years. These advances include: (1) making a success in developing the X-ray camera with 100ps exposure time for Shenguang laser facilities, which has reached the international advanced level as a whole, and is characterised in such aspects as high sensitivity, transmission-type band-pass filtering and miniaturized design; (2) proposing new types of X-ray high-speed photography technologies with 10 ps exposure time such as the micro-sweep gating technology to break the bottleneck of temporal resolution; (3) taking the lead in carrying out theoretical design, technical verification and engineering design of the radiation-hardened X-ray high-speed camera in China; (4) making the efforts on modeling and simulation on target debris and carrying out the special experiments for the first time in China to verify the simulation results.
在激光驱动惯性约束聚变(ICF)的研究中,通过X射线高速摄影技术获得的图像数据可以用于分析由功和能量传输产生的具有流体状态的等离子体的空间和时间演化。X射线高速摄影技术的研究一直是ICF诊断发展的重要组成部分。中国工程物理研究院激光聚变研究中心近年来在X射线高速摄影技术研究方面取得了重要进展。这些进展包括:(1)成功开发了神光激光设备曝光时间为100ps的X射线相机,整体达到国际先进水平,具有高灵敏度、透射式带通滤波和小型化设计等特点;(2) 提出了曝光时间为10ps的新型X射线高速摄影技术,如微扫描门控技术,以打破时间分辨率的瓶颈;(3) 在国内率先开展辐射硬化X射线高速相机的理论设计、技术验证和工程设计;(4) 对目标碎片进行了建模和仿真,并在国内首次进行了专项实验验证了仿真结果。
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引用次数: 0
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强激光与粒子束
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