I. Namoune, B. Khettal, A. Assaf, Shada Y. Elhayek, L. Arrar
Marrubium vulgare (Lamiaceae) is frequently used in traditional medicine to treat many illnesses from ancient times. Its beneficial effects include antibacterial, antioedematogenic, and analgesic activities. This study was designed to evaluate the antioxidant and anti-inflammatory activities of organic and aqueous extracts of the leaves, the flowers, the stems, and the roots of Marrubium vulgare. The total phenolic and flavonoid contents as well as the antioxidant and the anti-inflammatory effects of methanol, chloroform, ethyl acetate, and aqueous extracts have been investigated by using different in-vitro methods. It was found that the ethyl acetate extract from Marrubium vulgare stems had the highest total phenolic content, while the ethyl acetate extract from the leaves yielded a high concentration of flavonoids. The ethyl acetate extract from the stems exhibited the highest activity in scavenging of 2,2-diphenyl- 1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH), as well as in protecting erythrocytes. The leaves aqueous extract exhibited the highest ferrous chelating activity and its methanolic extract was found to be the strongest inhibitor of lipid peroxidation in β-carotene bleaching assay. The leaves chloroform extracts as well as the flowers methanol, chloroform, and ethyl acetate extracts were found to decrease the pro-inflammatory tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-α) cytokine levels in a dose-dependent manner. On the other hand, the flowers methanolic extract and the leaves methanol, ethyl acetate, and aqueous extracts decreased the interleukin-1 beta (IL- 1β) release. It was also found that the methanol extract from the flowers and the chloroform extract from the stems of Marrubium vulgare inhibited interleukin-8 (IL-8) release. This study provides a scientific basis for the traditional use of Marrubium vulgare as an anti-inflammatory agent and for the plant to be considered as an important resource of natural antioxidants.
{"title":"Antioxidant and Anti-inflammatory Activities of Organic and Aqueous Extracts of Northeast Algerian Marrubium vulgare","authors":"I. Namoune, B. Khettal, A. Assaf, Shada Y. Elhayek, L. Arrar","doi":"10.3166/PHYTO-2018-0106","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3166/PHYTO-2018-0106","url":null,"abstract":"Marrubium vulgare (Lamiaceae) is frequently used in traditional medicine to treat many illnesses from ancient times. Its beneficial effects include antibacterial, antioedematogenic, and analgesic activities. This study was designed to evaluate the antioxidant and anti-inflammatory activities of organic and aqueous extracts of the leaves, the flowers, the stems, and the roots of Marrubium vulgare. The total phenolic and flavonoid contents as well as the antioxidant and the anti-inflammatory effects of methanol, chloroform, ethyl acetate, and aqueous extracts have been investigated by using different in-vitro methods. It was found that the ethyl acetate extract from Marrubium vulgare stems had the highest total phenolic content, while the ethyl acetate extract from the leaves yielded a high concentration of flavonoids. The ethyl acetate extract from the stems exhibited the highest activity in scavenging of 2,2-diphenyl- 1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH), as well as in protecting erythrocytes. The leaves aqueous extract exhibited the highest ferrous chelating activity and its methanolic extract was found to be the strongest inhibitor of lipid peroxidation in β-carotene bleaching assay. The leaves chloroform extracts as well as the flowers methanol, chloroform, and ethyl acetate extracts were found to decrease the pro-inflammatory tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-α) cytokine levels in a dose-dependent manner. On the other hand, the flowers methanolic extract and the leaves methanol, ethyl acetate, and aqueous extracts decreased the interleukin-1 beta (IL- 1β) release. It was also found that the methanol extract from the flowers and the chloroform extract from the stems of Marrubium vulgare inhibited interleukin-8 (IL-8) release.\u0000This study provides a scientific basis for the traditional use of Marrubium vulgare as an anti-inflammatory agent and for the plant to be considered as an important resource of natural antioxidants.","PeriodicalId":39888,"journal":{"name":"Phytotherapie","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45762443","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
R. Karthik, D. Arul Ananth, N. Gayathri, L. Dinesh Kumar, Sivasudha Thilagar
Medicinal plants have been employed in the treatment of human ailments since time immemorial. Arthritis is a joint disorder affecting the subchondral bone and cartilage. The continuous action of reactive oxygen species and inflammatory mediators are also reported to cause further damage to the joints by immunological activation. DriedPisonia grandisleaves were powdered for the extraction process. Albino Wistar rats were randomly divided into five groups with six animals in each group. Groups IV and V were complete Freund’s adjuvant (CFA) induced arthritic rats which receivedPisonia grandisethanol extract (PGEE; 250 and 500 mg/kg b.w. [body weight]) respectively from 15th to 35th day of induction of CFA induced arthritis. PGEE protects rats against primary and secondary arthritic lesions, body weight changes, and hematological perturbations induced by CFA. The serum markers of inflammation and arthritis, such as C-reactive protein and rheumatoid factor, were also reduced in the PGEE-treated arthritic rats. High performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) and tandem mass spectrometry (MS/MS) analysis of PGEE detected the presence of polyphenolic compounds such as resveratrol, quercetin, and naringenin. The study confirmed that presence of bioactive phytocompounds in ethanolic extract ofPisonia grandisR. Br. Overall, PGEE was observed to be a potent agent reducing arthritis-mediated cartilage/bone degradation, inflammation, and associated stress in vivo, which gives cause for further research.
{"title":"Evaluation of Anti-arthritic Potential of Pisonia grandis R. Br Against Complete Freund’s Adjuvant (CFA) Induced Albino Wistar Rats","authors":"R. Karthik, D. Arul Ananth, N. Gayathri, L. Dinesh Kumar, Sivasudha Thilagar","doi":"10.3166/PHYTO-2018-0078","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3166/PHYTO-2018-0078","url":null,"abstract":"Medicinal plants have been employed in the treatment of human ailments since time immemorial. Arthritis is a joint disorder affecting the subchondral bone and cartilage. The continuous action of reactive oxygen species and inflammatory mediators are also reported to cause further damage to the joints by immunological activation. DriedPisonia grandisleaves were powdered for the extraction process. Albino Wistar rats were randomly divided into five groups with six animals in each group. Groups IV and V were complete Freund’s adjuvant (CFA) induced arthritic rats which receivedPisonia grandisethanol extract (PGEE; 250 and 500 mg/kg b.w. [body weight]) respectively from 15th to 35th day of induction of CFA induced arthritis. PGEE protects rats against primary and secondary arthritic lesions, body weight changes, and hematological perturbations induced by CFA. The serum markers of inflammation and arthritis, such as C-reactive protein and rheumatoid factor, were also reduced in the PGEE-treated arthritic rats. High performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) and tandem mass spectrometry (MS/MS) analysis of PGEE detected the presence of polyphenolic compounds such as resveratrol, quercetin, and naringenin. The study confirmed that presence of bioactive phytocompounds in ethanolic extract ofPisonia grandisR. Br. Overall, PGEE was observed to be a potent agent reducing arthritis-mediated cartilage/bone degradation, inflammation, and associated stress in vivo, which gives cause for further research.","PeriodicalId":39888,"journal":{"name":"Phytotherapie","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45151047","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
A. Mouhaddach, A. El-hadi, K. Taghzouti, M. Bendaou, R. Hassikou
Opuntia ficus-indica(the cactus or prickly pear) is a cactus belonging to the Opuntiae family. Several Opuntiae plant parts have been used in traditional Moroccan medicine. In this study, we investigated its most common use as an analgesic. An ethnobotanical study ofOpuntia ficus-indicawas first conducted in 10 areas in Morocco. Extracts fromOpuntia ficus-indicacladodes were obtained using a decoction method and its analgesic activity in mice was investigated by the hot plate and tail flick methods. Cladode extracts had significant (p<0.05) analgesic activity at intraperitoneal doses of 300, 500, and 1000 mg/kg body weight. Both methods revealed significantly increased latency at all three doses (p<0.05) compared to controls. These data suggest that the traditional use of this plant as an analgesic is valid; in fact, perhaps it may be a centrally-acting analgesic.
{"title":"Assessment ofOpuntia ficus-indicain vivo Following Ethnobotanical Survey: Confirmation of its Analgesic Activity","authors":"A. Mouhaddach, A. El-hadi, K. Taghzouti, M. Bendaou, R. Hassikou","doi":"10.3166/phyto-2019-0144","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3166/phyto-2019-0144","url":null,"abstract":"Opuntia ficus-indica(the cactus or prickly pear) is a cactus belonging to the Opuntiae family. Several Opuntiae plant parts have been used in traditional Moroccan medicine. In this study, we investigated its most common use as an analgesic. An ethnobotanical study ofOpuntia ficus-indicawas first conducted in 10 areas in Morocco. Extracts fromOpuntia ficus-indicacladodes were obtained using a decoction method and its analgesic activity in mice was investigated by the hot plate and tail flick methods. Cladode extracts had significant (p<0.05) analgesic activity at intraperitoneal doses of 300, 500, and 1000 mg/kg body weight. Both methods revealed significantly increased latency at all three doses (p<0.05) compared to controls. These data suggest that the traditional use of this plant as an analgesic is valid; in fact, perhaps it may be a centrally-acting analgesic.","PeriodicalId":39888,"journal":{"name":"Phytotherapie","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45843566","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
This study was designed to evaluate the chemical composition and anti-inflammatory activity of the common myrtle (Myrtus communisL.) essential oil. The composition ofMyrtus communisL. essential oil, extracted by steam distillation, was characterized by a high fraction (80.9%) of oxygenated monoterpenes. The major components were myrtenyl acetate (38.7%), eucalyptol (12.7%), α-pinene (13.7%), and linalool (7.00%). The chemical profile of this essential oil allows us to classify it as myrtényle acétate/α- pinène chemotype, but with atypical proportions, related to the harvesting area. In the carrageenan-induced paw edema, five different groups were established and the essential oil was administered orally in three different doses. The common myrtle essential oil (100 mg/kg) was able to reduce the paw edema, with a comparable effect to that observed with diclofenac (positive control). This is the first report to demonstrate a significant anti-inflammatory activity of Algerian common myrtle essential oil.
{"title":"Composition and anti-Inflammatory effect of the common myrtle (Myrtus communisL.) essential oil growing wild in Algeria","authors":"M. Touaibia","doi":"10.3166/phyto-2019-0142","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3166/phyto-2019-0142","url":null,"abstract":"This study was designed to evaluate the chemical composition and anti-inflammatory activity of the common myrtle (Myrtus communisL.) essential oil. The composition ofMyrtus communisL. essential oil, extracted by steam distillation, was characterized by a high fraction (80.9%) of oxygenated monoterpenes. The major components were myrtenyl acetate (38.7%), eucalyptol (12.7%), α-pinene (13.7%), and linalool (7.00%). The chemical profile of this essential oil allows us to classify it as myrtényle acétate/α- pinène chemotype, but with atypical proportions, related to the harvesting area. In the carrageenan-induced paw edema, five different groups were established and the essential oil was administered orally in three different doses. The common myrtle essential oil (100 mg/kg) was able to reduce the paw edema, with a comparable effect to that observed with diclofenac (positive control). This is the first report to demonstrate a significant anti-inflammatory activity of Algerian common myrtle essential oil.","PeriodicalId":39888,"journal":{"name":"Phytotherapie","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42702348","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
D. Merghache, Z. Boucherit-Otmani, I. E. Haci, I. Chikhi, K. Boucherit
This study was conducted to determine the antimicrobial (antibacterial and antifungal) activity of green oak (Quercus ilex) wood ash from Beni Snous region (Tlemcen, Algeria). For the evaluation of antimicrobial potency, we tested the effect of different ash concentrations on reference bacteria (Staphylococcus aureus, Enterococcus faecalis, Bacillus subtilis, Bacillus cereus, Escherichia coli, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Klebsiella pneumoniae, Enterobacter cloacae, and Proteus mirabilis) and reference yeasts (Candida albicans ATCC 10231 and Candida albicans 444IP). The antibacterial activity test results show that Gram-positive bacteria have a higher sensitivity than Gram-negative bacteria. Concerning the antifungal activity, inhibition of yeast growth was found even at low ash concentrations (5%). The results of this preliminary investigation thus revealed that wood ash from green oak exerts a remarkable antimicrobial activity.
{"title":"Inhibitory Effect of Quercus ilex Wood Ash on the Growth of Pathogenic Microorganisms","authors":"D. Merghache, Z. Boucherit-Otmani, I. E. Haci, I. Chikhi, K. Boucherit","doi":"10.3166/PHYTO-2018-0071","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3166/PHYTO-2018-0071","url":null,"abstract":"This study was conducted to determine the antimicrobial (antibacterial and antifungal) activity of green oak (Quercus ilex) wood ash from Beni Snous region (Tlemcen, Algeria). For the evaluation of antimicrobial potency, we tested the effect of different ash concentrations on reference bacteria (Staphylococcus aureus, Enterococcus faecalis, Bacillus subtilis, Bacillus cereus, Escherichia coli, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Klebsiella pneumoniae, Enterobacter cloacae, and Proteus mirabilis) and reference yeasts (Candida albicans ATCC 10231 and Candida albicans 444IP). The antibacterial activity test results show that Gram-positive bacteria have a higher sensitivity than Gram-negative bacteria. Concerning the antifungal activity, inhibition of yeast growth was found even at low ash concentrations (5%). The results of this preliminary investigation thus revealed that wood ash from green oak exerts a remarkable antimicrobial activity.","PeriodicalId":39888,"journal":{"name":"Phytotherapie","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47854708","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Les decouvertes des deux dernieres decennies sur les liens entre les troubles immuno-inflammatoires et les maladies mentales font partie des avancees les plus importantes dans le champ de la psychiatrie. Nous allons dans le present article prendre l’exemple du trouble psychiatrique le plus frequent, le trouble depressif majeur, et explorer les liens qui ont ete mis en evidence entre le declenchement et l’entretien de la depression d’une part, et les troubles immuno-inflammatoires d’autre part.
{"title":"L’immunopsychiatrie existe-t-elle ?","authors":"G. Fond","doi":"10.3166/PHYTO-2018-0092","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3166/PHYTO-2018-0092","url":null,"abstract":"Les decouvertes des deux dernieres decennies sur les liens entre les troubles immuno-inflammatoires et les maladies mentales font partie des avancees les plus importantes dans le champ de la psychiatrie. Nous allons dans le present article prendre l’exemple du trouble psychiatrique le plus frequent, le trouble depressif majeur, et explorer les liens qui ont ete mis en evidence entre le declenchement et l’entretien de la depression d’une part, et les troubles immuno-inflammatoires d’autre part.","PeriodicalId":39888,"journal":{"name":"Phytotherapie","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47014746","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Microbiote et système nerveux","authors":"J. Lecerf","doi":"10.3166/PHYTO-2018-0088","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3166/PHYTO-2018-0088","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":39888,"journal":{"name":"Phytotherapie","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-11-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45479268","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Le role du microbiote et de son desequilibre (dysbiose), en dehors des maladies infectieuses, est de decouverte recente en pathologie. Il a ete mis en cause dans la physiopathogenie des maladies inflammatoires de l’intestin, de l’obesite, du diabete, etc. Des publications recentes suggerent un role du microbiote dans des pathologies d’origine indeterminee comme le syndrome de fatigue chronique et la fibromyalgie. L’existence d’une reactivite lymphocytaire microbienne anormale a certains antigenes, comme Candida albicans ou Staphylococcus aureus , pourrait expliquer le role de la dysbiose dans ces pathologies. Apres une breve revue de la litterature, nous presentons les orientations therapeutiques pour traiter ces patients en regulant leur desequilibre de flores bacteriennes.
{"title":"Microbiote et fibromyalgie","authors":"G. Cozon","doi":"10.3166/PHYTO-2018-0086","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3166/PHYTO-2018-0086","url":null,"abstract":"Le role du microbiote et de son desequilibre (dysbiose), en dehors des maladies infectieuses, est de decouverte recente en pathologie. Il a ete mis en cause dans la physiopathogenie des maladies inflammatoires de l’intestin, de l’obesite, du diabete, etc. Des publications recentes suggerent un role du microbiote dans des pathologies d’origine indeterminee comme le syndrome de fatigue chronique et la fibromyalgie. L’existence d’une reactivite lymphocytaire microbienne anormale a certains antigenes, comme Candida albicans ou Staphylococcus aureus , pourrait expliquer le role de la dysbiose dans ces pathologies. Apres une breve revue de la litterature, nous presentons les orientations therapeutiques pour traiter ces patients en regulant leur desequilibre de flores bacteriennes.","PeriodicalId":39888,"journal":{"name":"Phytotherapie","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-11-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48309118","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
De nombreuses donnees physiopathologiques et experimentales sont fortement en faveur d’un lien entre l’intestin et le cerveau, le microbiote etant un intermediaire de cette relation. Cet article fait le point sur les etudes d’intervention disponibles chez l’Homme, avec des psychobiotiques et ayant mesure le stress, l’anxiete, l’humeur dans les situations de stress, dans des pathologies organiques ou dans des pathologies telles que le syndrome de fatigue chronique ou le syndrome du colon irritable. Les effets observes sont modestes. Mais les faiblesses methodologiques ou statistiques sont souvent en cause. On insiste aussi sur l’effet souche qui devrait etre davantage pris en compte.
{"title":"Les psychobiotiques. Études chez l’Homme","authors":"J. Lecerf","doi":"10.3166/PHYTO-2018-0089","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3166/PHYTO-2018-0089","url":null,"abstract":"De nombreuses donnees physiopathologiques et experimentales sont fortement en faveur d’un lien entre l’intestin et le cerveau, le microbiote etant un intermediaire de cette relation. Cet article fait le point sur les etudes d’intervention disponibles chez l’Homme, avec des psychobiotiques et ayant mesure le stress, l’anxiete, l’humeur dans les situations de stress, dans des pathologies organiques ou dans des pathologies telles que le syndrome de fatigue chronique ou le syndrome du colon irritable. Les effets observes sont modestes. Mais les faiblesses methodologiques ou statistiques sont souvent en cause. On insiste aussi sur l’effet souche qui devrait etre davantage pris en compte.","PeriodicalId":39888,"journal":{"name":"Phytotherapie","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-11-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46722802","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Le tube digestif est colonise par un ecosysteme microbien complexe, le microbiote intestinal, dont les activites participent a la physiologie de l’hote qui l’heberge. Ces dernieres annees ont apporte des preuves experimentales convaincantes de l’implication du microbiote dans la maturation et le fonctionnement du cerveau. La comparaison de rongeurs axeniques (depourvus de microbiote) et conventionnels (pourvus de leur microbiote naturel) soumis a des stress aigus a montre notamment que le microbiote est necessaire a la maturation de l’axe hypothalamo-hypophyso-surrenalien et regule l’expression des comportements de type anxieux et depressif, evalues dans differents tests comportementaux. L’exposition a un stress chronique, tel qu’une separation maternelle precoce ou une succession de stress moderes imprevisibles a l’âge adulte, perturbe la composition et le metabolisme du microbiote et augmente la permeabilite intestinale. Cette conjonction conduit a une perturbation de la communication le long de l’axe microbiote–intestin–cerveau, avec pour consequence une augmentation des comportements de type anxieux et depressif. L’effet benefique de probiotiques ou de prebiotiques consommes de facon chronique pendant ou suivant la periode de stress met en evidence le microbiote intestinal comme une nouvelle cible d’action possible dans le traitement des troubles anxiodepressifs.
{"title":"Liens entre microbiote intestinal et comportement de type anxiodépressif chez le rongeur","authors":"Sylvie Rabot, Laurent Naudon, Valérie Daugé","doi":"10.3166/PHYTO-2018-0090","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3166/PHYTO-2018-0090","url":null,"abstract":"Le tube digestif est colonise par un ecosysteme microbien complexe, le microbiote intestinal, dont les activites participent a la physiologie de l’hote qui l’heberge. Ces dernieres annees ont apporte des preuves experimentales convaincantes de l’implication du microbiote dans la maturation et le fonctionnement du cerveau. La comparaison de rongeurs axeniques (depourvus de microbiote) et conventionnels (pourvus de leur microbiote naturel) soumis a des stress aigus a montre notamment que le microbiote est necessaire a la maturation de l’axe hypothalamo-hypophyso-surrenalien et regule l’expression des comportements de type anxieux et depressif, evalues dans differents tests comportementaux. L’exposition a un stress chronique, tel qu’une separation maternelle precoce ou une succession de stress moderes imprevisibles a l’âge adulte, perturbe la composition et le metabolisme du microbiote et augmente la permeabilite intestinale. Cette conjonction conduit a une perturbation de la communication le long de l’axe microbiote–intestin–cerveau, avec pour consequence une augmentation des comportements de type anxieux et depressif. L’effet benefique de probiotiques ou de prebiotiques consommes de facon chronique pendant ou suivant la periode de stress met en evidence le microbiote intestinal comme une nouvelle cible d’action possible dans le traitement des troubles anxiodepressifs.","PeriodicalId":39888,"journal":{"name":"Phytotherapie","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-11-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41610907","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
京公网安备 11010802042870号
京ICP备2023020795号-1
扫码关注我们
求助内容：
应助结果提醒方式：