I. Zeouk, A. Et-Touys, M. Balouiri, H. Fellah, A. E. Lalami, K. Bekhti
According to the World Health Organization, leishmaniasis remains a major worldwide public health problem. The province of Sefrou located in the center of Morocco is a focus of cutaneous leishmaniasis. The present study aims at evaluating the antileishmanial potential of Berberis sp.,Crataegus oxyacantha, Cistus salviifolius, Ephedra altissima and Lavandula dentatafrequently used by the local population. Methanolic extracts were tested against the promastigote form ofLeishmania tropica, Leishmania majorandLeishmania infantumusing tetrazolium-based colorimetric (MTT) assay. The total phenol and flavonoids content of all extracts were determined using the Folin–Ciocalteu reagent, aluminum chloride, and potassium acetate solutions respectively. The plant extracts exhibited antileishmanial activity with variability depending on the tested strain and the plant species compared to Glucantime® used as control (IC50 (the half maximal inhibitory concentration) > 1,000 μg/mL). The best inhibition was observed with Berberis sp., againstLeishmania major(IC50 = 394.40 ± 3.02 μg/ml), andEphedra altissima(reported for the first time) againstLeishmania infantum(IC50 = 490.84 ± 3.15 μg/mL).Leishmania tropicahas shown the same sensitivity behavior toward the five extracts (in average IC50 = 540 ± 11.20 μg/mL). The total phenolic content was higher forCrataegus oxyacanthaandCistus salviifolius(140.67 ± 3.17 μg eq Gallic Acid (GA)/ mg of Extract (E) and 133.83 ± 9.03 μg eq GA/mg of E respectively), while flavonoid was higher forCistus salviifoliusandLavandula dentata(57.92 ± 2.46 μg eq Quercetin (Que)/ mg of Extract (E) and 41.53 ± 1.74 μg eq Que/mg of E). All the tested extracts present some promising aspects that may cure cutaneous leishmaniasis in the center of Morocco; further bioguided assays are needed to isolate the fractions and the bioactive molecule.
{"title":"Leishmanicidal Activity of Plant Extracts from Sefrou, a Moroccan Focus of Leishmaniasis, against Various Leishmania Parasites in the Promastigote Stage","authors":"I. Zeouk, A. Et-Touys, M. Balouiri, H. Fellah, A. E. Lalami, K. Bekhti","doi":"10.3166/PHYTO-2018-0085","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3166/PHYTO-2018-0085","url":null,"abstract":"According to the World Health Organization, leishmaniasis remains a major worldwide public health problem. The province of Sefrou located in the center of Morocco is a focus of cutaneous leishmaniasis. The present study aims at evaluating the antileishmanial potential of Berberis sp.,Crataegus oxyacantha, Cistus salviifolius, Ephedra altissima and Lavandula dentatafrequently used by the local population. Methanolic extracts were tested against the promastigote form ofLeishmania tropica, Leishmania majorandLeishmania infantumusing tetrazolium-based colorimetric (MTT) assay. The total phenol and flavonoids content of all extracts were determined using the Folin–Ciocalteu reagent, aluminum chloride, and potassium acetate solutions respectively. The plant extracts exhibited antileishmanial activity with variability depending on the tested strain and the plant species compared to Glucantime® used as control (IC50 (the half maximal inhibitory concentration) > 1,000 μg/mL). The best inhibition was observed with Berberis sp., againstLeishmania major(IC50 = 394.40 ± 3.02 μg/ml), andEphedra altissima(reported for the first time) againstLeishmania infantum(IC50 = 490.84 ± 3.15 μg/mL).Leishmania tropicahas shown the same sensitivity behavior toward the five extracts (in average IC50 = 540 ± 11.20 μg/mL). The total phenolic content was higher forCrataegus oxyacanthaandCistus salviifolius(140.67 ± 3.17 μg eq Gallic Acid (GA)/ mg of Extract (E) and 133.83 ± 9.03 μg eq GA/mg of E respectively), while flavonoid was higher forCistus salviifoliusandLavandula dentata(57.92 ± 2.46 μg eq Quercetin (Que)/ mg of Extract (E) and 41.53 ± 1.74 μg eq Que/mg of E). All the tested extracts present some promising aspects that may cure cutaneous leishmaniasis in the center of Morocco; further bioguided assays are needed to isolate the fractions and the bioactive molecule.","PeriodicalId":39888,"journal":{"name":"Phytotherapie","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-11-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43492273","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) is a functional, gastrointestinal disease characterized by a combination of chronic or recurrent symptoms such as abdominal pain and abnormal bowel habit. Most of the IBS features occur without identifiable organic cause and are strongly influenced by stress and anxiety suggesting the involvement of brain–gut interactions in this disease. Microbiota changes have also been reported such as decreased abundance of the genera Bifidobacterium and Lactobacillus and increased firmicutes: bacteroidetes ratio but there is no consensus on a specific IBS microbiota signature. Psychological stress in rodents impacts intestinal epithelial barrier integrity as well as the composition of microbial communities and induces visceral pain, providing an interesting model for IBS pathophysiology investigation. Modulation of the intestinal microbiota using probiotics in preclinical trials prevents stress-induced visceral hypersensitivity directly through probiotic metabolites production or indirectly through prevention of the intestinal barrier function impairment. The clinical efficacy of probiotic treatments has also been suggested but the use of different scales to analyze the mean differences of symptoms in various studies has limited the ability of all existing meta-analyses in IBS to confirm the effectiveness of probiotics on major IBS symptoms and patient quality of life.
{"title":"Probiotics, Stress, and Irritable Bowel Syndrome","authors":"V. Théodorou","doi":"10.3166/PHYTO-2018-0087","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3166/PHYTO-2018-0087","url":null,"abstract":"Irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) is a functional, gastrointestinal disease characterized by a combination of chronic or recurrent symptoms such as abdominal pain and abnormal bowel habit. Most of the IBS features occur without identifiable organic cause and are strongly influenced by stress and anxiety suggesting the involvement of brain–gut interactions in this disease. Microbiota changes have also been reported such as decreased abundance of the genera Bifidobacterium and Lactobacillus and increased firmicutes: bacteroidetes ratio but there is no consensus on a specific IBS microbiota signature. Psychological stress in rodents impacts intestinal epithelial barrier integrity as well as the composition of microbial communities and induces visceral pain, providing an interesting model for IBS pathophysiology investigation. Modulation of the intestinal microbiota using probiotics in preclinical trials prevents stress-induced visceral hypersensitivity directly through probiotic metabolites production or indirectly through prevention of the intestinal barrier function impairment. The clinical efficacy of probiotic treatments has also been suggested but the use of different scales to analyze the mean differences of symptoms in various studies has limited the ability of all existing meta-analyses in IBS to confirm the effectiveness of probiotics on major IBS symptoms and patient quality of life.","PeriodicalId":39888,"journal":{"name":"Phytotherapie","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-11-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43924368","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
M. Mehani, Z. Goumni, A. Salhi, N. Salhi, L. Segni, V. Terzi, C. Morcia
This work focuses on the study of the antimicrobial activity of the essential oil (EO) ofLaurus nobilisL. plant. The extraction of essential oil of the aerial parts ofLaurus nobilisL. was conducted by the hydrodistillation method. Antimicrobial activity test was performed on five bacterial strains (Klebsiella pneumoniae,Escherichia coli,Proteus mirabilis,Enterobacter cloacae,Enterococcus faecalis). The results showed thatLaurus nobilisEO has moderate antibacterial activity. In addition, the antifungal activity of theLaurus nobilisL. EO was analyzed; the direct contact method was performed onFusarium sporotrichioidesin different EO concentrations (0.05, 0.25, and 0.5% of EO). The results showed that this essential oil has significant antifungal activity on this strain; there was a 100% growth inhibition at a concentration of 0.5%.
{"title":"Laurus nobilisL. and the Study of its Biological Activityin vitro","authors":"M. Mehani, Z. Goumni, A. Salhi, N. Salhi, L. Segni, V. Terzi, C. Morcia","doi":"10.3166/PHYTO-2018-0084","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3166/PHYTO-2018-0084","url":null,"abstract":"This work focuses on the study of the antimicrobial activity of the essential oil (EO) ofLaurus nobilisL. plant. The extraction of essential oil of the aerial parts ofLaurus nobilisL. was conducted by the hydrodistillation method. Antimicrobial activity test was performed on five bacterial strains (Klebsiella pneumoniae,Escherichia coli,Proteus mirabilis,Enterobacter cloacae,Enterococcus faecalis). The results showed thatLaurus nobilisEO has moderate antibacterial activity. In addition, the antifungal activity of theLaurus nobilisL. EO was analyzed; the direct contact method was performed onFusarium sporotrichioidesin different EO concentrations (0.05, 0.25, and 0.5% of EO). The results showed that this essential oil has significant antifungal activity on this strain; there was a 100% growth inhibition at a concentration of 0.5%.","PeriodicalId":39888,"journal":{"name":"Phytotherapie","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-11-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43370674","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Suite à l’émergence de germes mutants résistants aux antibiotiques classiques, les recherches sont en train de s’orienter vers des substances naturelles. En effet, plusieurs huiles essentielles (HE) extraites de plantes sont pourvues d’un large spectre antibactérien et antifongique. L’utilisation de combinaisons (HE/HE) ou (HE/antibiotique) peut s’avérer plus efficace contre ces germes. En se fondant sur la méthodologie des plans d’expériences factoriels, nous avons mis au point une méthode permettant de quantifier et de classer l’activité antimicrobienne de plusieurs terpènes simultanément envers Staphylococcus aureus. Leurs effets d’interactions synergiques ou antagonistes ont également pu être quantifiés moyennant un nombre restreint d’essais.
{"title":"Détermination des effets synergiques ou antagonistes de plusieurs substances antimicrobiennes : application d’un plan d’expériences factoriel","authors":"T. Belaiche, F. Leriche","doi":"10.3166/PHYTO-2018-0076","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3166/PHYTO-2018-0076","url":null,"abstract":"Suite à l’émergence de germes mutants résistants aux antibiotiques classiques, les recherches sont en train de s’orienter vers des substances naturelles. En effet, plusieurs huiles essentielles (HE) extraites de plantes sont pourvues d’un large spectre antibactérien et antifongique. L’utilisation de combinaisons (HE/HE) ou (HE/antibiotique) peut s’avérer plus efficace contre ces germes. En se fondant sur la méthodologie des plans d’expériences factoriels, nous avons mis au point une méthode permettant de quantifier et de classer l’activité antimicrobienne de plusieurs terpènes simultanément envers Staphylococcus aureus. Leurs effets d’interactions synergiques ou antagonistes ont également pu être quantifiés moyennant un nombre restreint d’essais.","PeriodicalId":39888,"journal":{"name":"Phytotherapie","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-11-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45413570","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Cédric Sima-Obiang, Rick-Leonid Ngoua-Meye-Misso, Guy-Roger Ndong-Atome, J. Ondo, Louis-Clément Obame-Engonga, E. Nsi-Emvo
The goal of this work is to evaluate the antioxidant anti-inflammatory properties, the phenolic compounds content, and antimicrobial potential of water–acetone, water–ethanol, and water extracts of Pachylobus balsamifera. The phenolic compounds content was evaluated to estimate their effect on the antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and antimicrobial potential of the plant. Antioxidant activities were examined by DPPH (2,2-diphenyl-1- picrylhydrazyl) and ABTS (2,2′-azino-bis) assays. Antiinflammatory activity was determined by the proteins denaturation inhibition method. All plant extracts were evaluated against six reference strains, eleven clinical isolates, and two fungal strains. Phenols content was highest in the water–acetone and water–ethanol extracts. The water extract showed strong anti-inflammatory effect. The water–acetone extract presented a strong antioxidant property and the highest antimicrobial activities against Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Acinetobacter baumannii, Salmonella Sp., and Neisseria meningitidis. The tested microorganisms showed sensitivity to all extracts of the plant with the exception of Escherichia coli 105182 CIP, Listeria innocua LMG 135668 BHI, Salmonella enterica, Salmonella typhi, and Neisseria gonorrhea. Our results suggest that Pachylobus balsamifera extracts contain antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and antimicrobial properties.
{"title":"Phytochemical Screening, Phenolic Compounds Content, Antioxidant, Anti-inflammatory, and Antimicrobial Properties of Pachylobus balsamifera Guillaum from Gabon","authors":"Cédric Sima-Obiang, Rick-Leonid Ngoua-Meye-Misso, Guy-Roger Ndong-Atome, J. Ondo, Louis-Clément Obame-Engonga, E. Nsi-Emvo","doi":"10.3166/PHYTO-2018-0059","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3166/PHYTO-2018-0059","url":null,"abstract":"The goal of this work is to evaluate the antioxidant anti-inflammatory properties, the phenolic compounds content, and antimicrobial potential of water–acetone, water–ethanol, and water extracts of Pachylobus balsamifera. The phenolic compounds content was evaluated to estimate their effect on the antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and antimicrobial potential of the plant. Antioxidant activities were examined by DPPH (2,2-diphenyl-1- picrylhydrazyl) and ABTS (2,2′-azino-bis) assays. Antiinflammatory activity was determined by the proteins denaturation inhibition method. All plant extracts were evaluated against six reference strains, eleven clinical isolates, and two fungal strains. Phenols content was highest in the water–acetone and water–ethanol extracts. The water extract showed strong anti-inflammatory effect. The water–acetone extract presented a strong antioxidant property and the highest antimicrobial activities against Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Acinetobacter baumannii, Salmonella Sp., and Neisseria meningitidis. The tested microorganisms showed sensitivity to all extracts of the plant with the exception of Escherichia coli 105182 CIP, Listeria innocua LMG 135668 BHI, Salmonella enterica, Salmonella typhi, and Neisseria gonorrhea. Our results suggest that Pachylobus balsamifera extracts contain antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and antimicrobial properties.","PeriodicalId":39888,"journal":{"name":"Phytotherapie","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-10-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44233048","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
M. Bourkhiss, A. Chaouch, M. Ouhssine, B.Bourkhiss
La qualité et la variabilité de la composition chimique de l’huile essentielle isolée de tronc de Tetraclinis articulata ont été étudiées dans trois régions bien représentatives dans la tétraclinaie marocaine. Les rendements moyens obtenus par hydrodistillation sont de 1,10 % pour la région de Debdou (Maroc oriental), 2,70 % pour Essaouira nord (Haut Atlas) et 1,45 % pour Ben Karrich (Rif occidental). L’analyse par CPG et GC/MS a permis de mettre en évidence cinq constituants majoritaires dans chaque localité. Ces constituants présentent une variabilité quantitative et sont, respectivement, le carvacrol (71,03 ; 47,17 et 11,84 %), le γ-curcumène (12,95 ; 20,27 et 13,24 %), la thymoquinone (1,58 ; 11,50 et 33,82 %), le cédrol (6,48 ; 7,76 et 16,64 %) et le 4-terpinéol (2,03 ; 3,09 et 3,83 %).
{"title":"Étude comparative de la composition chimique des huiles essentielles de Tetraclinis articulata (Vahl) Masters du Maroc","authors":"M. Bourkhiss, A. Chaouch, M. Ouhssine, B.Bourkhiss","doi":"10.3166/PHYTO-2018-0082","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3166/PHYTO-2018-0082","url":null,"abstract":"La qualité et la variabilité de la composition chimique de l’huile essentielle isolée de tronc de Tetraclinis articulata ont été étudiées dans trois régions bien représentatives dans la tétraclinaie marocaine. Les rendements moyens obtenus par hydrodistillation sont de 1,10 % pour la région de Debdou (Maroc oriental), 2,70 % pour Essaouira nord (Haut Atlas) et 1,45 % pour Ben Karrich (Rif occidental). L’analyse par CPG et GC/MS a permis de mettre en évidence cinq constituants majoritaires dans chaque localité. Ces constituants présentent une variabilité quantitative et sont, respectivement, le carvacrol (71,03 ; 47,17 et 11,84 %), le γ-curcumène (12,95 ; 20,27 et 13,24 %), la thymoquinone (1,58 ; 11,50 et 33,82 %), le cédrol (6,48 ; 7,76 et 16,64 %) et le 4-terpinéol (2,03 ; 3,09 et 3,83 %).","PeriodicalId":39888,"journal":{"name":"Phytotherapie","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-10-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48311346","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
D. Ghouti, H. A. Lazouni, A. Moussaoui, D. C. Sari
This work aims to study the chemical composition, antimicrobial and antioxidant activities ofJuniperus phoeniceaL. andCotula cinerea(Del.) essential oils from southwestern Algeria. The hydrodistilled oils obtained were characterized by gas chromatography–mass spectrometry (GC– MS). A total of 45 and 25 compounds were identified representing 100% ofJuniperus phoeniceaL. andCotula cinerea(Del.) respectively. The dominant component was α-pinene (46.437%) forJuniperus phoeniceaL. and α-thujone (32.35%) forCotula cinerea(Del.). The in vitro antibacterial activity of the essential oils was evaluated against nine foodborne pathogenic bacteria and one yeast, Candida albicans, using the disk diffusion method; the minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) values were examined (micro dilution). The results suggest that the essential oil ofJuniperus phoeniceahas a significant to moderate antibacterial activity on all strains of bacteria. The most sensitive strains were Bacillus cereus, Bacillus subtilis,Micrococcus luteus,Pseudomonas aeruginosa, andCandida albicanswith (MIC = 0.04 to 0.63 mg/ml).Cotula cinereaoil showed moderate to low sensitivity to the test strains. Its best activity was against Bacillus subtilis (MIC = 0.303 mg/ml). The DPPH test conducted to evaluate the antioxidant activity of both oils showed a good to moderate capacity forJuniperus phoeniceaL. (concentration of an inhibitor when the response is reduced by half, IC50 = 0.76 mg/ml) andCotula cinerea(Del.) [IC50 = 28. mg/ml] oils respectively. The promising bioactivities of these plants suggest that they may be a new source of preservative molecules.
{"title":"Chemical Profile, in vitro Antibacterial and Antioxidant Activities ofJuniperus phoeniceaL. and Cotula cinerea (Del.) Essential Oils from Southwestern Algeria","authors":"D. Ghouti, H. A. Lazouni, A. Moussaoui, D. C. Sari","doi":"10.3166/PHYTO-2018-0061","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3166/PHYTO-2018-0061","url":null,"abstract":"This work aims to study the chemical composition, antimicrobial and antioxidant activities ofJuniperus phoeniceaL. andCotula cinerea(Del.) essential oils from southwestern Algeria. The hydrodistilled oils obtained were characterized by gas chromatography–mass spectrometry (GC– MS). A total of 45 and 25 compounds were identified representing 100% ofJuniperus phoeniceaL. andCotula cinerea(Del.) respectively. The dominant component was α-pinene (46.437%) forJuniperus phoeniceaL. and α-thujone (32.35%) forCotula cinerea(Del.). The in vitro antibacterial activity of the essential oils was evaluated against nine foodborne pathogenic bacteria and one yeast, Candida albicans, using the disk diffusion method; the minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) values were examined (micro dilution). The results suggest that the essential oil ofJuniperus phoeniceahas a significant to moderate antibacterial activity on all strains of bacteria. The most sensitive strains were Bacillus cereus, Bacillus subtilis,Micrococcus luteus,Pseudomonas aeruginosa, andCandida albicanswith (MIC = 0.04 to 0.63 mg/ml).Cotula cinereaoil showed moderate to low sensitivity to the test strains. Its best activity was against Bacillus subtilis (MIC = 0.303 mg/ml). The DPPH test conducted to evaluate the antioxidant activity of both oils showed a good to moderate capacity forJuniperus phoeniceaL. (concentration of an inhibitor when the response is reduced by half, IC50 = 0.76 mg/ml) andCotula cinerea(Del.) [IC50 = 28. mg/ml] oils respectively. The promising bioactivities of these plants suggest that they may be a new source of preservative molecules.","PeriodicalId":39888,"journal":{"name":"Phytotherapie","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-10-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43433532","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
M. Touaibia, F. Saidi, D. Abdellali, F. Z. Raber Elmaizi
Essential oil of Ammodaucus leucotrichus subsp. leucotrichus Coss & Dur (endemic), extracted from the seeds by hydrodistillation, was screened for its possible antimicrobial activity as well as its chemical composition. According to the Gas Chromatography/Mass Spectrometry analysis, 35 components were identified (98.23%), perillaldehyde (45.58%) and limonene (14.02%) being the major components. The antimicrobial test of the essential oil showed that Staphylococcus aureus (MIC = 4.5 mg/ml) and Bacillus cereus (MIC = 9 mg/ml) were the most sensitive strains, followed by Candida krusei and Candida albicans (MIC = 18 mg/ml both).
{"title":"Chemical Composition and Antimicrobial Activity of the Saharo-endemic Species: Ammodaucus leucotrichus subsp. leucotrichus Coss & Dur (Apiaceae)","authors":"M. Touaibia, F. Saidi, D. Abdellali, F. Z. Raber Elmaizi","doi":"10.3166/PHYTO-2018-0079","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3166/PHYTO-2018-0079","url":null,"abstract":"Essential oil of Ammodaucus leucotrichus subsp. leucotrichus Coss & Dur (endemic), extracted from the seeds by hydrodistillation, was screened for its possible antimicrobial activity as well as its chemical composition. According to the Gas Chromatography/Mass Spectrometry analysis, 35 components were identified (98.23%), perillaldehyde (45.58%) and limonene (14.02%) being the major components. The antimicrobial test of the essential oil showed that Staphylococcus aureus (MIC = 4.5 mg/ml) and Bacillus cereus (MIC = 9 mg/ml) were the most sensitive strains, followed by Candida krusei and Candida albicans (MIC = 18 mg/ml both).","PeriodicalId":39888,"journal":{"name":"Phytotherapie","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-10-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41943897","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Ghizlane Hajjaj, A. Bahlouli, M. Tajani, K. Alaoui, Y. Cherrah, A. Zellou
Ormenis mixta L. is traditionally used for central nervous system (CNS)-related diseases. Its anti-stress properties have received attention in Moroccan traditional medicine and aromatherapy. However, no pharmacological studies have yet been undertaken on this plant in Morocco. The present study provides a preliminary phytochemical screening and psychopharmacological profile of the essential oil and aqueous extract from Ormenis mixta L. by using behavioral tests in vivo, at graded doses. The result of this research shows that Ormenis mixta L. was safe up to 2 g/kg b.w. (body weight) in the acute toxicity study, possesses potential psychostimulant effect, and has antianxiety and antidepressant-like activity. This activity profile of Ormenis mixta L. was similar to the typical psychostimulant, caffeine. The exact mechanism of action underlying this stimulant-like effect should be clarified with further detailed studies. These results explained the extensive use of Ormenis mixta L. as a traditional medicine in Morocco.
{"title":"Neuropharmacological Profile and Chemical Analysis of Moroccan Ormenis mixta L.","authors":"Ghizlane Hajjaj, A. Bahlouli, M. Tajani, K. Alaoui, Y. Cherrah, A. Zellou","doi":"10.3166/PHYTO-2018-0058","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3166/PHYTO-2018-0058","url":null,"abstract":"Ormenis mixta L. is traditionally used for central nervous system (CNS)-related diseases. Its anti-stress properties have received attention in Moroccan traditional medicine and aromatherapy. However, no pharmacological studies have yet been undertaken on this plant in Morocco. The present study provides a preliminary phytochemical screening and psychopharmacological profile of the essential oil and aqueous extract from Ormenis mixta L. by using behavioral tests in vivo, at graded doses. The result of this research shows that Ormenis mixta L. was safe up to 2 g/kg b.w. (body weight) in the acute toxicity study, possesses potential psychostimulant effect, and has antianxiety and antidepressant-like activity. This activity profile of Ormenis mixta L. was similar to the typical psychostimulant, caffeine. The exact mechanism of action underlying this stimulant-like effect should be clarified with further detailed studies. These results explained the extensive use of Ormenis mixta L. as a traditional medicine in Morocco.","PeriodicalId":39888,"journal":{"name":"Phytotherapie","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-10-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41388015","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
D. Khaldi, Meriem Belarbi, I. E. Haci, F. Atik, W. Zeriouh, F. Z. Ghanemi, A. Nani, A. Hichami
Osyris alba L. (Santalaceae) is a shrub that grows wildly in southern Europe, North Africa and South-west Asia. In Algeria, the decoction of the root bark of this plant has been used since ancient times in folk medicine by the local population in the region of the mountains of Béni- Snousse (South west of Tlemcen), as a fortifying, antianaemic and as an anti-inflammatory agent. The aim of this work was to evaluate the antioxidant activity of the phenolic compounds of the root by using DPPH, FRAP, TAC methods. Determination of the phenolic profile of the root extract was assessed using HPLC-DAD technique (High Performance Liquid Chromatography-Diode Array Detection). While the determination of total fatty acid composition of the root oil was performed using Gas Chromatography (GC-FID). From the results, the total poly-phenol extract of the root bark has shown the highest antioxidant power which exceeds the standard, namely, ascorbic acid and Trolox. The chromatographic analysis of the total poly-phenol extract has found that the Gallic acid and Quercetin are the major compounds. These results demonstrate that the phenolic compounds of Osyris alba root bark have a great potential as sources for natural health products. Gaseous Chromatography Assay of the oil has revealed the presence of two groups of fatty acids: arachidic acid (C20:0) and linoleic acid (C18: 9.12) known for its pro-inflammatory effect against oleic acid C18:1, linolénic acid C18: 9.12.15, and eicosatrienoic acid (ETA) C20:3 which are known for their pro-anti-inflammatory effect. For this reason, we need to test the effect of this oil on inflammatory models.
{"title":"Antioxidant Activity and Determination of Gallic Acid and Quercetin in Osyris alba L. Root Extract. The Root Oil Contains Essential Fatty Acids","authors":"D. Khaldi, Meriem Belarbi, I. E. Haci, F. Atik, W. Zeriouh, F. Z. Ghanemi, A. Nani, A. Hichami","doi":"10.3166/PHYTO-2018-0072","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3166/PHYTO-2018-0072","url":null,"abstract":"Osyris alba L. (Santalaceae) is a shrub that grows wildly in southern Europe, North Africa and South-west Asia. In Algeria, the decoction of the root bark of this plant has been used since ancient times in folk medicine by the local population in the region of the mountains of Béni- Snousse (South west of Tlemcen), as a fortifying, antianaemic and as an anti-inflammatory agent. The aim of this work was to evaluate the antioxidant activity of the phenolic compounds of the root by using DPPH, FRAP, TAC methods. Determination of the phenolic profile of the root extract was assessed using HPLC-DAD technique (High Performance Liquid Chromatography-Diode Array Detection). While the determination of total fatty acid composition of the root oil was performed using Gas Chromatography (GC-FID). From the results, the total poly-phenol extract of the root bark has shown the highest antioxidant power which exceeds the standard, namely, ascorbic acid and Trolox. The chromatographic analysis of the total poly-phenol extract has found that the Gallic acid and Quercetin are the major compounds. These results demonstrate that the phenolic compounds of Osyris alba root bark have a great potential as sources for natural health products. Gaseous Chromatography Assay of the oil has revealed the presence of two groups of fatty acids: arachidic acid (C20:0) and linoleic acid (C18: 9.12) known for its pro-inflammatory effect against oleic acid C18:1, linolénic acid C18: 9.12.15, and eicosatrienoic acid (ETA) C20:3 which are known for their pro-anti-inflammatory effect. For this reason, we need to test the effect of this oil on inflammatory models.","PeriodicalId":39888,"journal":{"name":"Phytotherapie","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-10-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42992555","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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