Objective: The aim of this study was to determine the diagnostic accuracy of biopsy-based tests in the detection of Helicobacter Pylori infections keeping histopathology as a gold standard. Materials and Methods: This validation study was conducted from August 2018 to February 2019 at Khyber medical college, pathology department, Peshawar, and comprised biopsy samples of 87 patients obtained via endoscopy which was done at the gastrointestinal endoscopy department, Hayatabad medical complex (HMC). Patients with a history of prior antibiotics and PPIs were excluded from the study. Rapid urease test (RUT) and culture of gastroduodenal biopsies were validated against the histopathological examination of gastroduodenal mucosa. Results: Out of 87 patients, 57.47% (50/87) were male and 42.52% (37/87) were female patients with an age range of 18 -80 years and a mean age of 45 years. Endoscopic findings showed 64.36% (56/87) of patients with gastritis, duodenitis with 6.89% (6/87), peptic and duodenal ulcers with 22.98% (20/87), erosion with 4.59% (4/87) and adenocarcinoma of stomach with 2.29% (2/87). The sensitivity and specificity of culture were 45.45% and 90.7% respectively, while positive and negative predictive values were 62.5% and 83% respectively. The sensitivity and specificity of the rapid urease test (RUT) were 81.81% and 90% while positive and negative predictive values were 90% and 94% respectively. Conclusion: The sensitivity and specificity of the rapid urease test were 82 and 90% respectively, while that of culture was 45 and 91% respectively. Keys Words: Helicobacter Pylori, Gastritis, Rapid urease test, Adenocarcinoma
{"title":"THE DIAGNOSTIC ACCURACY OF H. PYLORI CULTURE AND RAPID UREASE TEST IN THE DIAGNOSIS OF H.PYLORI INFECTION KEEPING HISTOPATHOLOGY AS THE GOLD STANDARD","authors":"Momena Ali, Saima Nadeem, Amina Gul, Hafsa Waseem, Ihsanullah, Asma Qudrat","doi":"10.52764/jms.22.30.4.10","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.52764/jms.22.30.4.10","url":null,"abstract":"Objective: The aim of this study was to determine the diagnostic accuracy of biopsy-based tests in the detection of Helicobacter Pylori infections keeping histopathology as a gold standard. Materials and Methods: This validation study was conducted from August 2018 to February 2019 at Khyber medical college, pathology department, Peshawar, and comprised biopsy samples of 87 patients obtained via endoscopy which was done at the gastrointestinal endoscopy department, Hayatabad medical complex (HMC). Patients with a history of prior antibiotics and PPIs were excluded from the study. Rapid urease test (RUT) and culture of gastroduodenal biopsies were validated against the histopathological examination of gastroduodenal mucosa. Results: Out of 87 patients, 57.47% (50/87) were male and 42.52% (37/87) were female patients with an age range of 18 -80 years and a mean age of 45 years. Endoscopic findings showed 64.36% (56/87) of patients with gastritis, duodenitis with 6.89% (6/87), peptic and duodenal ulcers with 22.98% (20/87), erosion with 4.59% (4/87) and adenocarcinoma of stomach with 2.29% (2/87). The sensitivity and specificity of culture were 45.45% and 90.7% respectively, while positive and negative predictive values were 62.5% and 83% respectively. The sensitivity and specificity of the rapid urease test (RUT) were 81.81% and 90% while positive and negative predictive values were 90% and 94% respectively. Conclusion: The sensitivity and specificity of the rapid urease test were 82 and 90% respectively, while that of culture was 45 and 91% respectively. Keys Words: Helicobacter Pylori, Gastritis, Rapid urease test, Adenocarcinoma","PeriodicalId":39900,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Medical Sciences (Taiwan)","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-12-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47412832","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Hina B. Shah, S. Ahmed, Sadaf Talha, Mariam Irshad, Aruba Fatima, N. Nisar
Objectives: To assess the gap between knowledge of interdental cleaning aids and the usage of dental floss among dental students. Materials and Methods: A cross-sectional study was undertaken at the Jinnah Sindh Medical University, Sindh Institute of Oral Health Sciences, Karachi, Pakistan, between March to May 2022. Using select statistics electronic software, a sample size of 172 was estimated, however, we included 200 participants in the study considering an expected drop-out rate of 15%. A structured questionnaire was designed to collect data from undergraduate dental students. All data were entered and analyzed using SPSS version 26. Percentages and frequencies were calculated to assess the knowledge and implementation of that knowledge among undergraduate dental students. In Association between the year of study and the use of dental floss, a chi-square test was used. A p-value of < 0.05 was set as the cut-off for statistical significance. Results: A total of 200 participants were included with 24.5%males and 75.5%females. There was a significant association of interdental cleaning aid awareness with gender (p=0.007). Only a small percentage of females knew that waterjets and rubber tips were interdental cleaning aids while the majority of the respondents irrespective of gender knew that dental floss is interdental cleaning aid. Dental floss usage was significantly higher in the female population than in males (18.37% vs. 50.33%; p=0.019). Conclusion: Our study concluded that while the majority of dental students had knowledge that dental floss should be a routine habit, they themselves were not practicing it. Moreover, about 30% of the study population claimed that they only brushed once a day only. The use of dental floss was significantly more frequent in female dental students. Keywords: interdental cleaning, dental floss, oral health hygiene, dental plaque
{"title":"THE ORAL HEALTH RELATED HABITS, KNOWLEDGE, AND FREQUENCY OF USE OF DENTAL FLOSS AMONG UNDERGRADUATE DENTAL STUDENTS OF A PUBLIC HEALTH SECTOR UNIVERSITY IN KARACHI, PAKISTAN","authors":"Hina B. Shah, S. Ahmed, Sadaf Talha, Mariam Irshad, Aruba Fatima, N. Nisar","doi":"10.52764/jms.22.30.4.5","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.52764/jms.22.30.4.5","url":null,"abstract":"Objectives: To assess the gap between knowledge of interdental cleaning aids and the usage of dental floss among dental students.\u0000Materials and Methods: A cross-sectional study was undertaken at the Jinnah Sindh Medical University, Sindh Institute of Oral Health Sciences, Karachi, Pakistan, between March to May 2022. Using select statistics electronic software, a sample size of 172 was estimated, however, we included 200 participants in the study considering an expected drop-out rate of 15%. A structured questionnaire was designed to collect data from undergraduate dental students. All data were entered and analyzed using SPSS version 26. Percentages and frequencies were calculated to assess the knowledge and implementation of that knowledge among undergraduate dental students. In Association between the year of study and the use of dental floss, a chi-square test was used. A p-value of < 0.05 was set as the cut-off for statistical significance.\u0000 \u0000Results: A total of 200 participants were included with 24.5%males and 75.5%females. There was a significant association of interdental cleaning aid awareness with gender (p=0.007). Only a small percentage of females knew that waterjets and rubber tips were interdental cleaning aids while the majority of the respondents irrespective of gender knew that dental floss is interdental cleaning aid. Dental floss usage was significantly higher in the female population than in males (18.37% vs. 50.33%; p=0.019).\u0000Conclusion: Our study concluded that while the majority of dental students had knowledge that dental floss should be a routine habit, they themselves were not practicing it. Moreover, about 30% of the study population claimed that they only brushed once a day only. The use of dental floss was significantly more frequent in female dental students.\u0000Keywords: interdental cleaning, dental floss, oral health hygiene, dental plaque","PeriodicalId":39900,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Medical Sciences (Taiwan)","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-12-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41711508","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
A. Rehman, Basheer Rehman, T. Ahmad, Muslim Khan, Hasan Shafi, F. Ali, Hira Ayaz, Farrukh Jehan, Neelofar Rehman, Saira Bilal
Objectives: The purpose of this study was to clinically and cephalometrically evaluate the pharyngeal airway following mandibular distraction osteogenesis in patients with TMJ ankylosis and retrognathic mandible. Materials and Methods: A total of 10 patients were included in this study. These patients were thoroughly evaluated pre-operatively and post-operatively both clinically and radiologically using McNamara analysis allowing comparison of pre-op and post-op findings. Results: Out of 10 patients seven were females while three were male (Mean age 13.40 ±5.358 SD). Mean pre-operative UPPER airway width was 6.20±3.155 SD as compared to mean Post-operative upper airway (7.30±2.907 SD) with a statistically significant p-value (0.003). Mean pre-operative LOWER airway width was 4.90±1.969 SD as compared to mean Post-operative lower airway (7.10±2.9282 SD) with a statistically non-significant p-value (0.013). There was a negative correlation between post-operative lower airway and age (r= -0.26, sig=0.48). Conclusion: Mandibular distraction Osteogenesis can be used successfully in TMJ ankylosis patients with retrognathic mandible for the improvement of pharyngeal airway dimensions and relief from symptoms of obstructive sleep apnea due to decreased pharyngeal space.
{"title":"EFFECT OF MANDIBULAR DISTRACTION OSTEOGENESIS ON AIRWAY IN PATIENTS WITH TEMPOROMANDIBULAR JOINT ANKYLOSIS","authors":"A. Rehman, Basheer Rehman, T. Ahmad, Muslim Khan, Hasan Shafi, F. Ali, Hira Ayaz, Farrukh Jehan, Neelofar Rehman, Saira Bilal","doi":"10.52764/jms.22.30.4.7","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.52764/jms.22.30.4.7","url":null,"abstract":"Objectives: The purpose of this study was to clinically and cephalometrically evaluate the pharyngeal airway following mandibular distraction osteogenesis in patients with TMJ ankylosis and retrognathic mandible. \u0000Materials and Methods: A total of 10 patients were included in this study. These patients were thoroughly evaluated pre-operatively and post-operatively both clinically and radiologically using McNamara analysis allowing comparison of pre-op and post-op findings. \u0000Results: Out of 10 patients seven were females while three were male (Mean age 13.40 ±5.358 SD). Mean pre-operative UPPER airway width was 6.20±3.155 SD as compared to mean Post-operative upper airway (7.30±2.907 SD) with a statistically significant p-value (0.003). Mean pre-operative LOWER airway width was 4.90±1.969 SD as compared to mean Post-operative lower airway (7.10±2.9282 SD) with a statistically non-significant p-value (0.013). There was a negative correlation between post-operative lower airway and age (r= -0.26, sig=0.48). \u0000Conclusion: Mandibular distraction Osteogenesis can be used successfully in TMJ ankylosis patients with retrognathic mandible for the improvement of pharyngeal airway dimensions and relief from symptoms of obstructive sleep apnea due to decreased pharyngeal space.","PeriodicalId":39900,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Medical Sciences (Taiwan)","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-12-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49055252","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Objective: To find the common risk factors of relapse in drug addicts after being treated in a rehabilitation center. Materials And Methods: This descriptive cross-sectional study was conducted in four rehabilitation centers, i.e., Da Haq Awaz, Lady Reading Hospital (LRH), and two Dost welfare Foundations in Peshawar City, from October 2019 to August 2021. The non-probability sampling method selected 70 addicts who had undergone single or multiple relapses. The Data was collected using a questionnaire, developed and validated via a structured seven-step process proposed by AMEE guide no. 87, which provides questionnaire development (conduction of literature review, interviews, synthesizing the literature review and development of items) and questionnaire validation (conduction of expert validation; content and face validation, cognitive interviews, and construct validation by pilot study resulting in a Cronbach’s ? = 0.7). Data were analyzed using SPSS-23. Results: A total of 70 drug addicts participated in the study. All of them were males, out of which 78% were adults, 4.3% were elderly and the remaining 17.1% were adolescents. The most common risk factor of relapse was found to be the lack of hobbies, n=32 (45.3%), followed by peer pressure, n=26 (33%), while the least common was economic factors, n=13 (18.6%). Association among variables such as age, peer pressure, family issues, polydrug abuse, lack of hobbies, disturbed sleep, and financial issues was significant p<0.05. Conclusion: Among various risk factors for relapse, polydrug use, withdrawal syndrome, living status, peer pressure, family factors, lack of hobbies, psychiatric disorders, and financial aspects, lack of hobbies is the most common risk factor for relapse in drug addicts who had relapsed and were currently under the care of rehabilitation centers. Keywords: Relapse, Drug Addiction, Substance Use Disorder, Rehabilitation.
目的:探讨戒毒所戒毒人员复吸的常见危险因素。材料与方法:本描述性横断面研究于2019年10月至2021年8月在白沙瓦市的四家康复中心进行，即Da Haq Awaz、Lady Reading医院(LRH)和两家Dost福利基金会。采用非概率抽样的方法，选取了70例单次或多次复吸的吸毒者。数据是通过问卷收集的，通过AMEE指南第7号提出的结构化七步流程进行开发和验证。87，提供问卷开发(进行文献综述、访谈、综合文献综述和项目开发)和问卷验证(进行专家验证;内容和面部验证、认知访谈和结构验证，通过先导研究得出Cronbach 's ?= 0.7)。数据采用SPSS-23进行分析。结果:共70名吸毒人员参与研究。全部为男性，其中成人78%，老年人4.3%，青少年17.1%。最常见的复发危险因素是缺乏爱好(n=32)(45.3%)，其次是同伴压力(n=26)(33%)，最不常见的是经济因素(n=13)(18.6%)。年龄、同辈压力、家庭问题、滥用多种药物、缺乏爱好、睡眠障碍、经济问题等变量之间的相关性显著p<0.05。结论:在多种药物使用、戒断综合征、生活状况、同伴压力、家庭因素、缺乏兴趣爱好、精神障碍和经济因素等影响复吸的危险因素中，缺乏兴趣爱好是目前在康复中心接受治疗的复吸吸毒者中最常见的复吸危险因素。关键词:复吸，药物依赖，物质使用障碍，康复
{"title":"ASSESSMENT OF RISK FACTORS OF RELAPSE IN DRUG ADDICTS IN REHABILITATION CENTERS IN PESHAWAR CITY","authors":"Muddasir Jan, Umama Faisal Akhunzada, Tauheed Ahmad, Faraz Waheed, Nimra Ehsan, Lovezah Zarafshan Bilal, Tehreem Akbar, Hafeez Ullah, Amina Sohail Malik, Shah Nawaz, Farooq Ahmed","doi":"10.52764/jms.22.30.4.6","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.52764/jms.22.30.4.6","url":null,"abstract":"Objective:\u0000To find the common risk factors of relapse in drug addicts after being treated in a rehabilitation center.\u0000Materials And Methods:\u0000This descriptive cross-sectional study was conducted in four rehabilitation centers, i.e., Da Haq Awaz, Lady Reading Hospital (LRH), and two Dost welfare Foundations in Peshawar City, from October 2019 to August 2021. The non-probability sampling method selected 70 addicts who had undergone single or multiple relapses. The Data was collected using a questionnaire, developed and validated via a structured seven-step process proposed by AMEE guide no. 87, which provides questionnaire development (conduction of literature review, interviews, synthesizing the literature review and development of items) and questionnaire validation (conduction of expert validation; content and face validation, cognitive interviews, and construct validation by pilot study resulting in a Cronbach’s ? = 0.7). Data were analyzed using SPSS-23.\u0000Results:\u0000A total of 70 drug addicts participated in the study. All of them were males, out of which 78% were adults, 4.3% were elderly and the remaining 17.1% were adolescents. The most common risk factor of relapse was found to be the lack of hobbies, n=32 (45.3%), followed by peer pressure, n=26 (33%), while the least common was economic factors, n=13 (18.6%). Association among variables such as age, peer pressure, family issues, polydrug abuse, lack of hobbies, disturbed sleep, and financial issues was significant p<0.05.\u0000Conclusion:\u0000Among various risk factors for relapse, polydrug use, withdrawal syndrome, living status, peer pressure, family factors, lack of hobbies, psychiatric disorders, and financial aspects, lack of hobbies is the most common risk factor for relapse in drug addicts who had relapsed and were currently under the care of rehabilitation centers.\u0000Keywords:\u0000 \u0000Relapse, Drug Addiction, Substance Use Disorder, Rehabilitation.","PeriodicalId":39900,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Medical Sciences (Taiwan)","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-12-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45324523","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
M. Hussain, Anjum Ishaq, Sadiq Shah, Khalid Javed, Arshad Parvez, Laraib Eman
OBJECTIVE: To determine the relationship of Hs-CRP with type 2 diabetes mellitus in patients with acute myocardial infarction. MATERIALS AND METHODS: It was a cross-sectional study conducted at Hayatabad Medical Complex, Rehman Medical Institute, and Khyber Girls Medical College Peshawar. A total of 90 subjects were enrolled in the study. These subjects were split into two equal groups; Group 1 comprised patients having type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) and acute myocardial infarction (acute MI). Group 2 comprised patients having T2DM only. Patients from both genders who presented within 6-12 hours of acute MI were selected for group 1. RESULTS: Mean age of subjects of group 1 was greater than that of group 2 while the number of males within group 1 was greater than that of females. The median values of Hs-CRP were higher in group 1 subjects as compared to group 2. There was a significant difference between the values of both groups. CONCLUSION: The Hs-CRP values were higher in diabetic patients with acute MI as compared to those with diabetes alone because the patients who suffered from acute MI had enhanced ongoing low-grade inflammatory process which was a possible reason for their MI. KEYWORDS: type 2 diabetes mellitus, coronary artery disease, hs-CRP, myocardial infarction, atherosclerosis.
{"title":"THE RELATIONSHIP OF Hs-CRP IN TYPE 2 DIABETIC PATIENTS PRESENTING WITH ACUTE MYOCARDIAL INFARCTION","authors":"M. Hussain, Anjum Ishaq, Sadiq Shah, Khalid Javed, Arshad Parvez, Laraib Eman","doi":"10.52764/jms.22.30.4.13","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.52764/jms.22.30.4.13","url":null,"abstract":"OBJECTIVE: To determine the relationship of Hs-CRP with type 2 diabetes mellitus in patients with acute myocardial infarction.\u0000MATERIALS AND METHODS: It was a cross-sectional study conducted at Hayatabad Medical Complex, Rehman Medical Institute, and Khyber Girls Medical College Peshawar. A total of 90 subjects were enrolled in the study. These subjects were split into two equal groups; Group 1 comprised patients having type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) and acute myocardial infarction (acute MI). Group 2 comprised patients having T2DM only. Patients from both genders who presented within 6-12 hours of acute MI were selected for group 1.\u0000RESULTS: Mean age of subjects of group 1 was greater than that of group 2 while the number of males within group 1 was greater than that of females. The median values of Hs-CRP were higher in group 1 subjects as compared to group 2. There was a significant difference between the values of both groups.\u0000CONCLUSION: The Hs-CRP values were higher in diabetic patients with acute MI as compared to those with diabetes alone because the patients who suffered from acute MI had enhanced ongoing low-grade inflammatory process which was a possible reason for their MI.\u0000KEYWORDS: type 2 diabetes mellitus, coronary artery disease, hs-CRP, myocardial infarction, atherosclerosis.","PeriodicalId":39900,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Medical Sciences (Taiwan)","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-12-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43059013","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Ambreen Gul, U. Nisar, S. Rahman, Z. Ullah, M. Furqan, M. Haq
Objective: To determine the frequency and type of anemia based on MCV in diabetic patients. Materials and Methods: A Retrospective descriptive study, done at Peshawar Medical College, Peshawar, and its affiliated teaching hospitals from January 2016 to August 2018. It was a Laboratory and Medical OPD record-based study of 450 diabetic patients presenting to these teaching hospitals. Results: Among 450 diabetic patients, 283(63%) were having anemia (Hb less than 13.5 g/dl in males and 11.5 g/dl in females). Among those who had anemia, 102(36%) had microcytic hypochromic, 176(62%) had normochromic normocytic and 6(2%) had macrocytic anemia on the basis of the mean corpuscular volume of more than 80, 80-95 and 95 fl respectively. Conclusion: More than 60 % of diabetic patients presented with anemia predominantly suffering from normocytic and normochromic anemia. KEYWORDS: Anemia, Diabetes, hemoglobin, MCV, Normocytic and Normochromic anemia.
{"title":"PATTERN OF ANEMIA IN DIABETIC PATIENTS PRESENTING TO PRIVATE SECTOR`S TERTIARY CARE HOSPITALS IN PESHAWAR","authors":"Ambreen Gul, U. Nisar, S. Rahman, Z. Ullah, M. Furqan, M. Haq","doi":"10.52764/jms.22.30.4.2","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.52764/jms.22.30.4.2","url":null,"abstract":"Objective: To determine the frequency and type of anemia based on MCV in diabetic patients.\u0000Materials and Methods: A Retrospective descriptive study, done at Peshawar Medical College, Peshawar, and its affiliated teaching hospitals from January 2016 to August 2018. It was a Laboratory and Medical OPD record-based study of 450 diabetic patients presenting to these teaching hospitals.\u0000Results: Among 450 diabetic patients, 283(63%) were having anemia (Hb less than 13.5 g/dl in males and 11.5 g/dl in females). Among those who had anemia, 102(36%) had microcytic hypochromic, 176(62%) had normochromic normocytic and 6(2%) had macrocytic anemia on the basis of the mean corpuscular volume of more than 80, 80-95 and 95 fl respectively.\u0000Conclusion: More than 60 % of diabetic patients presented with anemia predominantly suffering from normocytic and normochromic anemia.\u0000KEYWORDS: Anemia, Diabetes, hemoglobin, MCV, Normocytic and Normochromic anemia.\u0000 ","PeriodicalId":39900,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Medical Sciences (Taiwan)","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-12-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47869543","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Saqib Ali, Umaima Khan, Kefi Iqbal, M. Fahim, Iqbal Haider, R. Jameela, B. Al-Jandan
Objectives: This study aimed to evaluate the acceptance of the coronavirus vaccine and the attitude of people residing in the southern part of Karachi, Pakistan. Methods: This web-based cross-sectional research was conducted among the citizens of the southern part of Karachi from Oct to Dec 2021. The survey for the study was adopted and modified from the formerly conducted study by El-Elimat et al, comprising individuals aged more than 18 years of age. Acceptance and predictors of vaccine acceptance were assessed using the Chi-square test and Binary logistic regression. Results: The acceptance rate for the coronavirus vaccine was quite high (87%). Males demonstrated a higher acceptance rate. The older aged individuals (>35 years old) also showed higher acceptance when likened to younger participants (OR = 1.84, 95 CI% = 2.893–1.171, p < .008). Individuals not infected with COVID-19 showed less acceptance towards vaccinations (OR = 0.431, 95CI% = 0.233– 0.799, p < .008). Similarly, respondents believing the COVID-19 vaccine to be a conspiracy were less likely to show acceptance towards the vaccination process (OR= 0.893, 95 CI% = 0.575- 1.387, p= 0. 614). Conclusion: Differences in the acceptance rate between males of older age as compared to younger population and females have demonstrated higher acceptance towards vaccination. Sinopharm followed by Sinovac was the most frequently used to provide immunization to the Pakistani population. Keywords: adverse effects, immunology, Coronavirus, Vaccine
{"title":"ACCEPTANCE OF COVID-19 VACCINE AMONG THE RESIDENTS OF KARACHI, PAKISTAN","authors":"Saqib Ali, Umaima Khan, Kefi Iqbal, M. Fahim, Iqbal Haider, R. Jameela, B. Al-Jandan","doi":"10.52764/jms.22.30.4.16","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.52764/jms.22.30.4.16","url":null,"abstract":"Objectives: This study aimed to evaluate the acceptance of the coronavirus vaccine and the attitude of people residing in the southern part of Karachi, Pakistan.\u0000Methods: This web-based cross-sectional research was conducted among the citizens of the southern part of Karachi from Oct to Dec 2021. The survey for the study was adopted and modified from the formerly conducted study by El-Elimat et al, comprising individuals aged more than 18 years of age. Acceptance and predictors of vaccine acceptance were assessed using the Chi-square test and Binary logistic regression.\u0000Results: The acceptance rate for the coronavirus vaccine was quite high (87%). Males demonstrated a higher acceptance rate. The older aged individuals (>35 years old) also showed higher acceptance when likened to younger participants (OR = 1.84, 95 CI% = 2.893–1.171, p < .008). Individuals not infected with COVID-19 showed less acceptance towards vaccinations (OR = 0.431, 95CI% = 0.233– 0.799, p < .008). Similarly, respondents believing the COVID-19 vaccine to be a conspiracy were less likely to show acceptance towards the vaccination process (OR= 0.893, 95 CI% = 0.575- 1.387, p= 0. 614).\u0000Conclusion: Differences in the acceptance rate between males of older age as compared to younger population and females have demonstrated higher acceptance towards vaccination. Sinopharm followed by Sinovac was the most frequently used to provide immunization to the Pakistani population.\u0000Keywords: adverse effects, immunology, Coronavirus, Vaccine","PeriodicalId":39900,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Medical Sciences (Taiwan)","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-12-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47030936","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Objectives: To identify the fetomaternal complications in patients with Eclampsia and severe preeclampsia patients in association with induction to the delivery interval. Methods: This descriptive observational study was conducted From June to December 2019 in the department of obstetrics and Gynaecology at the Lady Reading Hospital, Peshawar, Pakistan. Antenatal patients with Eclampsia and pre-Eclampsia were included. IBM SPSS, Version 23.0 was used for data analysis, and tests were applied to find an association between induction to delivery interval and fetomaternal complications, chi-square test was applied and P -value < 0.05 was considered significant. Results: The final cohort comprised 60 women with a mean age of 28.72±6.02. Most Maternal complications were 25% (n= 15) seen in more than 18hr duration from induction to delivery, deranged renal function was the most common maternal complicated ion 13% ( n= 8), Pearson chi-square value of 0.01 shows a highly significant association between an increase in induction to delivery duration and maternal complications while stillbirth was most frequent fetal complication 13.3% ( n= 8A ). A P-value of 0.6 shows a non-significant association between induction to delivery duration and fetal complications Conclusion: Our study concludes that with an increase in induction to delivery time, maternal and fetal complication increases. Keywords Eclampsia, Pre-eclampsia induction to delivery interval
{"title":"INDUCTION TO DELIVERY INTERVAL AND ITS EFFECT ON FETOMATERNAL OUTCOMES IN ECLAMPSIA AND SEVERE PRE-ECLAMPSIA","authors":"M. Raees, S. Hussain, Gulrukh Qazi","doi":"10.52764/jms.22.30.4.17","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.52764/jms.22.30.4.17","url":null,"abstract":"Objectives: To identify the fetomaternal complications in patients with Eclampsia and severe preeclampsia patients in association with induction to the delivery interval.\u0000 \u0000Methods: This descriptive observational study was conducted From June to December 2019 in the department of obstetrics and Gynaecology at the Lady Reading Hospital, Peshawar, Pakistan. Antenatal patients with Eclampsia and pre-Eclampsia were included. IBM SPSS, Version 23.0 was used for data analysis, and tests were applied to find an association between induction to delivery interval and fetomaternal complications, chi-square test was applied and P -value < 0.05 was considered significant.\u0000Results: The final cohort comprised 60 women with a mean age of 28.72±6.02. Most Maternal complications were 25% (n= 15) seen in more than 18hr duration from induction to delivery, deranged renal function was the most common maternal complicated ion 13% ( n= 8), Pearson chi-square value of 0.01 shows a highly significant association between an increase in induction to delivery duration and maternal complications while stillbirth was most frequent fetal complication 13.3% ( n= 8A ). A P-value of 0.6 shows a non-significant association between induction to delivery duration and fetal complications\u0000Conclusion: Our study concludes that with an increase in induction to delivery time, maternal and fetal complication increases.\u0000Keywords Eclampsia, Pre-eclampsia induction to delivery interval\u0000 ","PeriodicalId":39900,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Medical Sciences (Taiwan)","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-12-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48788203","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Objective: To determine the diagnostic accuracy of Ultrasound BI-RADS classification in diagnosing breast lesions utilizing the core needle biopsy method keeping histopathology as a gold standard. Materials and Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted in the Radiology department of CMH Peshawar incorporating 51 patients having breast lesions as presenting complaints. After performing ultrasonography, lesions were categorized as benign and malignant according to BI-RADS scoring. A core needle Biopsy of lesions was done and histopathology reports were collected. Diagnostic accuracy, Sensitivity, Specificity, Positive predictive value, and Negative predictive value of “BI-RADS classification were calculated by analyzing data. Results: The mean age was calculated as 45.63+ 16.83 years. According to the BI-RADS score, 17 cases (33.3%) were categorized as benign and 35 cases (66.7%) as malignant while Histopathology reported 20 cases (39.2%) as benign while 31 cases (60.8%) as malignant. Diagnostic accuracy, Sensitivity, Specificity, Positive predictive value, and Negative predictive value for ultrasound BI-RADS turned out to be 90.19%, 96.77 %, 80.00%, 88.23%, and 94.11% and respectively. Conclusion: Ultrasound BI-RADS classification has high diagnostic accuracy in differentiating benign from malignant lesions. Universal application of ultrasound BI-RADS guidelines will help in the early diagnosis of malignant breast lesions while avoiding unnecessary biopsies in benign lesions. Keywords: Breast imaging, Core needle biopsy, Diagnostic accuracy
{"title":"DIAGNOSTIC ACCURACY OF ULTRASOUND BI-RADS IN DIAGNOSING BREAST LESIONS UTILIZING THE CORE NEEDLE BIOPSY KEEPING HISTOPATHOLOGY AS A GOLD STANDARD","authors":"Uzma Nisar, Javed Anwar, Hussain Rashid Ihsan, Sayed Haider Yadain, Syeda Momina Sultana, Maria Khan","doi":"10.52764/jms.22.30.4.8","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.52764/jms.22.30.4.8","url":null,"abstract":"Objective: To determine the diagnostic accuracy of Ultrasound BI-RADS classification in diagnosing breast lesions utilizing the core needle biopsy method keeping histopathology as a gold standard.\u0000Materials and Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted in the Radiology department of CMH Peshawar incorporating 51 patients having breast lesions as presenting complaints. After performing ultrasonography, lesions were categorized as benign and malignant according to BI-RADS scoring. A core needle Biopsy of lesions was done and histopathology reports were collected. Diagnostic accuracy, Sensitivity, Specificity, Positive predictive value, and Negative predictive value of “BI-RADS classification were calculated by analyzing data.\u0000Results: The mean age was calculated as 45.63+ 16.83 years. According to the BI-RADS score, 17 cases (33.3%) were categorized as benign and 35 cases (66.7%) as malignant while Histopathology reported 20 cases (39.2%) as benign while 31 cases (60.8%) as malignant. Diagnostic accuracy, Sensitivity, Specificity, Positive predictive value, and Negative predictive value for ultrasound BI-RADS turned out to be 90.19%, 96.77 %, 80.00%, 88.23%, and 94.11% and respectively.\u0000Conclusion: Ultrasound BI-RADS classification has high diagnostic accuracy in differentiating benign from malignant lesions. Universal application of ultrasound BI-RADS guidelines will help in the early diagnosis of malignant breast lesions while avoiding unnecessary biopsies in benign lesions.\u0000Keywords: Breast imaging, Core needle biopsy, Diagnostic accuracy","PeriodicalId":39900,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Medical Sciences (Taiwan)","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-12-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45638654","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Objective: To determine the relation of placenta Acreta Spectrum with previous Cesarean section in patients with placenta previa. Material and Methods: This case-control study was conducted in a tertiary care hospital in Peshawar from 1st July 2019 to 30th June 2021. All the cases with placenta Previa were included. Women with placenta Acreta Spectrum diagnosed on obstetric ultrasound served as cases. Patients with placenta previa without accrete served as controls. Their records were studied in detail and all the data was recorded in a Proforma specially designed for this study. Odds ratios at the end of the study were calculated using SPSS-23. Results: During our study period, a total of 102 patients with placenta previa were enrolled. The ages ranged between 20-45 years. The majority of the patients were > 40 years old (31.3%). On the basis of gravidity, different groups were found i.e. 45 patients (44.1 %) were between G5-G6. A total of 14 women were found with placenta accrete spectrum making an incidence of 13.72%. Of all the patients’ i.e.100% (odd ratio 1.1) were having a history of previous Cesarean birth. 6 out of 14 patients (42.8%) had a history of previous 1 Cesarean section while two patients (10%) had a history of 4 cs in the past. Nearly all patients had major placenta previa except one patient who had minor placenta previa (7%). Conclusion: Our study highlighted the striking relationship of placenta Accreta spectrum with previous Cesarean delivery in patients with placenta previa however it was not found that increasing the number of previous Cesarean sections resulted in an increased number of placentae Accreta spectrum. Keywords: Placenta Accreta spectrum, Cesarean section.
{"title":"THE RELATIONSHIP OF PLACENTA ACCRETA SPECTRUM WITH PREVIOUS CESAREAN SECTION IN PATIENTS WITH PLACENTA PREVIA- A CASE-CONTROL STUDY IN TERTIARY CARE HOSPITAL OF PESHAWAR","authors":"N. Bukhari, Saira Nazneen, T. Mazhar, R. Karim","doi":"10.52764/jms.22.30.4.9","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.52764/jms.22.30.4.9","url":null,"abstract":"Objective: To determine the relation of placenta Acreta Spectrum with previous Cesarean section in patients with placenta previa.\u0000Material and Methods: This case-control study was conducted in a tertiary care hospital in Peshawar from 1st July 2019 to 30th June 2021. All the cases with placenta Previa were included. Women with placenta Acreta Spectrum diagnosed on obstetric ultrasound served as cases. Patients with placenta previa without accrete served as controls. Their records were studied in detail and all the data was recorded in a Proforma specially designed for this study. Odds ratios at the end of the study were calculated using SPSS-23.\u0000Results: During our study period, a total of 102 patients with placenta previa were enrolled. The ages ranged between 20-45 years. The majority of the patients were > 40 years old (31.3%). On the basis of gravidity, different groups were found i.e. 45 patients (44.1 %) were between G5-G6. A total of 14 women were found with placenta accrete spectrum making an incidence of 13.72%. Of all the patients’ i.e.100% (odd ratio 1.1) were having a history of previous Cesarean birth. 6 out of 14 patients (42.8%) had a history of previous 1 Cesarean section while two patients (10%) had a history of 4 cs in the past. Nearly all patients had major placenta previa except one patient who had minor placenta previa (7%).\u0000Conclusion: Our study highlighted the striking relationship of placenta Accreta spectrum with previous Cesarean delivery in patients with placenta previa however it was not found that increasing the number of previous Cesarean sections resulted in an increased number of placentae Accreta spectrum.\u0000Keywords: Placenta Accreta spectrum, Cesarean section.\u0000 ","PeriodicalId":39900,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Medical Sciences (Taiwan)","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-12-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41601608","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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