Objective: The objective of this study was to assess the impact of covid-19 on the learning of medical students of Federal Medical College, Islamabad. Materials and Methods: This descriptive cross-sectional study was conducted on 215 medical students of Federal Medical College, Islamabad from October to December 2021. A pretested validated tool was used to collect primary data from medical students via random sampling. SPSS version 25 was used for data analysis. The chi-square test was used to see the association between various variables. Results: This study included 54.9% (118) females and 45.1% (97) males. 188 (87.4%) students reported that they were taking online classes. Most of the students, 181 (84.2%) thought that COVID-19 affected their study durations. The pandemic has caused wastage of time was reported by 155 (72.1%) students and 60 (27.9%) stated pandemic had given them extra time to clear their concepts. More than 2/3rd of the students (78.6%) were concerned about their professional examinations due to the present situation of the pandemic. Among all the respondents, 177 (82.3%) were not satisfied with this method of learning and also 184 (85.6%) students have lost interest in their studies. Most of the students 173 (80.5%) were facing difficulty in establishing the boundary between their work and home and 180 (83.7%) were missing classroom engagement. Conclusion: Covid 19 has severely affected medical education. E-learning is not suitable for medical students as most of their learning involves practical performance and interaction with patients. Keywords: Covid-19, medical students, medical education, online learning
{"title":"THE IMPACT OF COVID-19 ON THE EDUCATION OF MEDICAL STUDENTS OF FEDERAL MEDICAL COLLEGE, ISLAMABAD, PAKISTAN","authors":"G. Bukhari, Hareem Binte Saleem, Javeria Saleem, Munazza Batool, Fatima Majeed, Hania Batool","doi":"10.52764/jms.23.31.1.4","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.52764/jms.23.31.1.4","url":null,"abstract":"Objective: The objective of this study was to assess the impact of covid-19 on the learning of medical students of Federal Medical College, Islamabad.\u0000Materials and Methods: This descriptive cross-sectional study was conducted on 215 medical students of Federal Medical College, Islamabad from October to December 2021. A pretested validated tool was used to collect primary data from medical students via random sampling. SPSS version 25 was used for data analysis. The chi-square test was used to see the association between various variables.\u0000Results: This study included 54.9% (118) females and 45.1% (97) males. 188 (87.4%) students reported that they were taking online classes. Most of the students, 181 (84.2%) thought that COVID-19 affected their study durations. The pandemic has caused wastage of time was reported by 155 (72.1%) students and 60 (27.9%) stated pandemic had given them extra time to clear their concepts. More than 2/3rd of the students (78.6%) were concerned about their professional examinations due to the present situation of the pandemic. Among all the respondents, 177 (82.3%) were not satisfied with this method of learning and also 184 (85.6%) students have lost interest in their studies. Most of the students 173 (80.5%) were facing difficulty in establishing the boundary between their work and home and 180 (83.7%) were missing classroom engagement.\u0000Conclusion: Covid 19 has severely affected medical education. E-learning is not suitable for medical students as most of their learning involves practical performance and interaction with patients.\u0000Keywords: Covid-19, medical students, medical education, online learning","PeriodicalId":39900,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Medical Sciences (Taiwan)","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-03-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42761309","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
F. Afridi, Ayesha Afridi, Arzoo Gul Bangash, Jamila M Naib, Romana Bibi
Objectives: To find out the personal, professional, and educational challenges in training by the post-graduate residents of Obstetrics and Gynecology in the three tertiary care hospitals of Peshawar during the Covid-19 Pandemic. Methods: This was a web-based cross-sectional study conducted among the postgraduate residents of Gynecology and Obstetrics in the three main teaching hospitals of Peshawar, from 1st April 2020 to 31st July 2020. A structured survey using Google forms was distributed among 98 postgraduate residents through emails and social media platforms. The challenges faced and their severity was assessed using the Likert Scale. Results were analyzed in Microsoft Excel. Results: Total number of participants was 98, with 99% being female. The mean age was 28.3±1.8 years. Their worst fear was of the family getting infected (86.7%). Their greatest challenge was the inability to practice social distancing due to the nature of their work (85%) amidst a lack of PPEs (51%). Their training suffered due to inadequate opportunities for elective surgeries (78%). Conclusion: Post-graduate residents in Gynaecology/Obstetrics faced substantial personal, professional, and educational challenges while training during the covid-19 pandemic. Keywords: training, challenges, Covid-19, postgraduate residents, Obstetrics and Gynecology
{"title":"PERSONAL, PROFESSIONAL, AND EDUCATIONAL CHALLENGES FACED BY THE POSTGRADUATE RESIDENTS OF GYNECOLOGY AND OBSTETRICS IN PESHAWAR DURING COVID-19 PANDEMIC","authors":"F. Afridi, Ayesha Afridi, Arzoo Gul Bangash, Jamila M Naib, Romana Bibi","doi":"10.52764/jms.23.31.1.5","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.52764/jms.23.31.1.5","url":null,"abstract":"Objectives: To find out the personal, professional, and educational challenges in training by the post-graduate residents of Obstetrics and Gynecology in the three tertiary care hospitals of Peshawar during the Covid-19 Pandemic.\u0000Methods: This was a web-based cross-sectional study conducted among the postgraduate residents of Gynecology and Obstetrics in the three main teaching hospitals of Peshawar, from 1st April 2020 to 31st July 2020. A structured survey using Google forms was distributed among 98 postgraduate residents through emails and social media platforms. The challenges faced and their severity was assessed using the Likert Scale. Results were analyzed in Microsoft Excel.\u0000 \u0000Results: Total number of participants was 98, with 99% being female. The mean age was 28.3±1.8 years. Their worst fear was of the family getting infected (86.7%). Their greatest challenge was the inability to practice social distancing due to the nature of their work (85%) amidst a lack of PPEs (51%). Their training suffered due to inadequate opportunities for elective surgeries (78%).\u0000 \u0000Conclusion: Post-graduate residents in Gynaecology/Obstetrics faced substantial personal, professional, and educational challenges while training during the covid-19 pandemic.\u0000 \u0000Keywords: training, challenges, Covid-19, postgraduate residents, Obstetrics and Gynecology\u0000 ","PeriodicalId":39900,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Medical Sciences (Taiwan)","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-03-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44039598","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Afsheen Mahmood, N. Khan, Shahzad Ahmad, Shahida Naz, Fannana Ahmed, Abdul Jalil Khan
Objective: To find a possible association between levels of vitamin D and glycosylated hemoglobin levels in patients with type II diabetes mellitus. Materials and Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted at a tertiary care hospital in Peshawar over six months. Diagnosed cases of Type-II diabetes mellitus were recruited through non-probability consecutive sampling. The levels of glycosylated hemoglobin and serum vitamin D levels were assessed in 219 selected patients enrolled in the study through Cobas Integra 800 and Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay respectively. Patients were divided into three categories based on increasing levels of glycosylated hemoglobin. The trend in the levels of vitamin D levels in these categories of increasing HbA1c was identified. Results: Out of 219 Type II diabetic patients, 30.1% (66) were men while 69.9% (153) were women. The mean age was 59.48 ± 9.29 years. Similarly, HbA1c and serum vitamin D, were 9.47 ± 2.88 and 18.63 ± 16.54, respectively. Overall, 59% of the patients were Vitamin D deficient. The decrease in Vitamin D levels was associated with an increase in glycosylated hemoglobin levels (p-value 0.002). CONCLUSION: Vitamin D deficiency in Type-II diabetes mellitus patients increases with increasing levels of glycosylated hemoglobin. KEYWORDS: Diabetes Mellitus, Type II Diabetes, HBA1c, Vitamin D.
{"title":"ASSOCIATION OF SERUM VITAMIN D WITH GLYCOSYLATED HEMOGLOBIN LEVELS AND DURATION OF DISEASE IN TYPE-II DIABETES MELLITUS PATIENTS","authors":"Afsheen Mahmood, N. Khan, Shahzad Ahmad, Shahida Naz, Fannana Ahmed, Abdul Jalil Khan","doi":"10.52764/jms.23.31.1.8","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.52764/jms.23.31.1.8","url":null,"abstract":"Objective: To find a possible association between levels of vitamin D and glycosylated hemoglobin levels in patients with type II diabetes mellitus.\u0000Materials and Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted at a tertiary care hospital in Peshawar over six months. Diagnosed cases of Type-II diabetes mellitus were recruited through non-probability consecutive sampling. The levels of glycosylated hemoglobin and serum vitamin D levels were assessed in 219 selected patients enrolled in the study through Cobas Integra 800 and Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay respectively. Patients were divided into three categories based on increasing levels of glycosylated hemoglobin. The trend in the levels of vitamin D levels in these categories of increasing HbA1c was identified.\u0000Results: \u0000Out of 219 Type II diabetic patients, 30.1% (66) were men while 69.9% (153) were women. The mean age was 59.48 ± 9.29 years. Similarly, HbA1c and serum vitamin D, were 9.47 ± 2.88 and 18.63 ± 16.54, respectively. Overall, 59% of the patients were Vitamin D deficient. The decrease in Vitamin D levels was associated with an increase in glycosylated hemoglobin levels (p-value 0.002).\u0000CONCLUSION:\u0000Vitamin D deficiency in Type-II diabetes mellitus patients increases with increasing levels of glycosylated hemoglobin.\u0000 \u0000KEYWORDS:\u0000Diabetes Mellitus, Type II Diabetes, HBA1c, Vitamin D.","PeriodicalId":39900,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Medical Sciences (Taiwan)","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-03-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42175867","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Background: Bloodstream Infections (BSIs) that arise secondary to urinary tract infections (UTIs) are frequently encountered in both community and hospital settings and are associated with significant morbidity, mortality, high healthcare costs and prolonged hospital stays Objective: This descriptive review aims to evaluate available information on the relationship of urinary tract infections with healthcare-associated and community-onset bloodstream infections to get a deeper understanding of improved public health interventions and suggest possibilities for future research. Methods: A literature search was conducted using PubMed and Embase. Articles published during the last 10 years (2010 and 2020) were imported into providence for the initial title and abstract screening. All study abstracts were reviewed by two independent reviewers and were eligible for full-text review if they mentioned urinary tract infection as a source of bloodstream infection. The data obtained were analyzed in Microsoft Excel. Results: Out of 65 articles reviewed for full text, 10 studies were selected. In total 6763 BSI cases were reported. We observed 2075 (30.6%) community-acquired (CA) BSIs compared to 1102 (16.2%) healthcare-associated (HCA) BSIs, and 1484 (21.9%) hospital-acquired (HA) BSIs. UTI was a major source of BSIs in community settings followed by HCA BSIs in most studies. Escherichia. coli was the most common pathogen isolated in patients with CA-BSIs. Hospital Acquired and HCA bacterial infections have the most antimicrobial resistance, compared to CA-infections. Conclusion: Urinary tract Infections are a major source of developing secondary BSIs. Escherichia. coli is a major pathogen in CA-BSIs. Multidrug-resistant organisms accounted for most of the BSIs, especially in hospital settings and among patients receiving health care. Keywords: Bloodstream infection, UTI, Hospital Acquired, Community Acquired
{"title":"A DESCRIPTIVE REVIEW OF RELATIONSHIP OF URINARY TRACT INFECTIONS WITH HEALTHCARE-ASSOCIATED AND COMMUNITY-ONSET BLOODSTREAM INFECTIONS","authors":"Amina Gul, Shevya Awasthi, Momena Ali, T. Gul","doi":"10.52764/jms.23.31.1.15","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.52764/jms.23.31.1.15","url":null,"abstract":"Background:\u0000Bloodstream Infections (BSIs) that arise secondary to urinary tract infections (UTIs) are frequently encountered in both community and hospital settings and are associated with significant morbidity, mortality, high healthcare costs and prolonged hospital stays\u0000Objective: This descriptive review aims to evaluate available information on the relationship of urinary tract infections with healthcare-associated and community-onset bloodstream infections to get a deeper understanding of improved public health interventions and suggest possibilities for future research.\u0000Methods: A literature search was conducted using PubMed and Embase. Articles published during the last 10 years (2010 and 2020) were imported into providence for the initial title and abstract screening. All study abstracts were reviewed by two independent reviewers and were eligible for full-text review if they mentioned urinary tract infection as a source of bloodstream infection. The data obtained were analyzed in Microsoft Excel.\u0000Results: Out of 65 articles reviewed for full text, 10 studies were selected. In total 6763 BSI cases were reported. We observed 2075 (30.6%) community-acquired (CA) BSIs compared to 1102 (16.2%) healthcare-associated (HCA) BSIs, and 1484 (21.9%) hospital-acquired (HA) BSIs. UTI was a major source of BSIs in community settings followed by HCA BSIs in most studies. Escherichia. coli was the most common pathogen isolated in patients with CA-BSIs. Hospital Acquired and HCA bacterial infections have the most antimicrobial resistance, compared to CA-infections.\u0000Conclusion: Urinary tract Infections are a major source of developing secondary BSIs. Escherichia. coli is a major pathogen in CA-BSIs. Multidrug-resistant organisms accounted for most of the BSIs, especially in hospital settings and among patients receiving health care.\u0000Keywords: Bloodstream infection, UTI, Hospital Acquired, Community Acquired","PeriodicalId":39900,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Medical Sciences (Taiwan)","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-03-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44299004","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Objective: To determine the frequency of common microorganisms (bacterial isolates) and their sensitivity and resistance patterns in patients with diabetic foot ulcers Materials and Methods: This descriptive cross-sectional study was conducted in the Department of Medicine, Khyber Teaching Hospital Peshawar from June 2020 to June 2021. Two hundred and thirty-eight diabetic patients with foot ulcers were included in the study. Deep wound swabs were collected and sent to the microbiology laboratory for culture and sensitivity. The sensitivity patterns of different organisms were identified. Results: One hundred and thirty-four out of 238 (56.3%) patients were male, and the remaining 104 (43.7%) were female. The mean age of the patients in our study was 57.12±9.58 (32-80) years. Cultures were positive in 216 out of 238 (91%). Gram-negative organisms were 175 (81%), while 41 (19%) were gram-positive bacteria. The common bacteria were Escherichia coli 99 (45.8%), Pseudomonas aeruginosa 49 (22.7%), Staphylococcus aureus including methicillin-resistant staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) 36 (16.6%). The most effective antibiotics against gram-negative organisms were Meropenem (Sensitivity 97%), Amikacin (96%), Piperacillin-Tazobactam (95%), and Cefoperazone-Sulbactam (94%). The most effective antibiotics against Gram-Positive organisms were Vancomycin (Sensitivity 100%), Teicoplanin (100%), and Linezolid (95%). Antibiotics with higher rates of resistance included Doxycycline (89%), Clarithromycin (80%), and Co-Trimoxazole (78.7%). Conclusion: Diabetic foot ulcers are frequently infected with a variety of organisms. Escherichia coli, Pseudomonas, and staphylococcus aureus are the primary (predominant) organisms. Meropenem, Amikacin, Cefoperazone-Sulbactam, and Piperacillin-Tazobactam Are The most effective antibiotics against Gram-Negative Bacteria, while Vancomycin, Teicoplanin, and Linezolid are effective against gram-positive bacteria. Keywords: Diabetes Mellitus, Foot Ulcer, Pus Culture, Bacteria, Antibiotic Sensitivity and Resistance
{"title":"BACTERIAL ISOLATES AND THEIR SENSITIVITY PATTERNS IN PATIENTS WITH DIABETIC FOOT ULCERS","authors":"Ghulam Abbas, H. Khan, S. Iqbal, A. Nabi","doi":"10.52764/jms.23.31.1.1","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.52764/jms.23.31.1.1","url":null,"abstract":"Objective: To determine the frequency of common microorganisms (bacterial isolates) and their sensitivity and resistance patterns in patients with diabetic foot ulcers\u0000Materials and Methods: This descriptive cross-sectional study was conducted in the Department of Medicine, Khyber Teaching Hospital Peshawar from June 2020 to June 2021. Two hundred and thirty-eight diabetic patients with foot ulcers were included in the study. Deep wound swabs were collected and sent to the microbiology laboratory for culture and sensitivity. The sensitivity patterns of different organisms were identified.\u0000Results: One hundred and thirty-four out of 238 (56.3%) patients were male, and the remaining 104 (43.7%) were female. The mean age of the patients in our study was 57.12±9.58 (32-80) years. Cultures were positive in 216 out of 238 (91%). Gram-negative organisms were 175 (81%), while 41 (19%) were gram-positive bacteria. The common bacteria were Escherichia coli 99 (45.8%), Pseudomonas aeruginosa 49 (22.7%), Staphylococcus aureus including methicillin-resistant staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) 36 (16.6%). The most effective antibiotics against gram-negative organisms were Meropenem (Sensitivity 97%), Amikacin (96%), Piperacillin-Tazobactam (95%), and Cefoperazone-Sulbactam (94%). The most effective antibiotics against Gram-Positive organisms were Vancomycin (Sensitivity 100%), Teicoplanin (100%), and Linezolid (95%). Antibiotics with higher rates of resistance included Doxycycline (89%), Clarithromycin (80%), and Co-Trimoxazole (78.7%).\u0000Conclusion: Diabetic foot ulcers are frequently infected with a variety of organisms. Escherichia coli, Pseudomonas, and staphylococcus aureus are the primary (predominant) organisms. Meropenem, Amikacin, Cefoperazone-Sulbactam, and Piperacillin-Tazobactam Are The most effective antibiotics against Gram-Negative Bacteria, while Vancomycin, Teicoplanin, and Linezolid are effective against gram-positive bacteria.\u0000Keywords:\u0000Diabetes Mellitus, Foot Ulcer, Pus Culture, Bacteria, Antibiotic Sensitivity and Resistance","PeriodicalId":39900,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Medical Sciences (Taiwan)","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-03-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44759293","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-03-01DOI: 10.4103/jmedsci.jmedsci_372_21
Ting-Yuan Feng, Sheng-Chun Wang, G. Liao, Teng‐Wei Chen, D. Chan, K. Hsu
Background: Laparoscopic appendectomy is the most common emergent surgery, and various techniques were used for the closure of appendicular stump and appendiceal artery. Aim: This study aimed to compare the clinical impacts of absorbable polymeric clips and traditional metallic clips. Methods: We reviewed the laparoscopic appendectomies performed from June 2020 to May 2021 in a medical center. We analyzed the characteristics and intraoperative and postoperative data of patients receiving absorbable or metallic clips during laparoscopic appendectomy. Results: A total of 120 patients were enrolled in this study. Fifty-nine patients received lapro-clips for the ligation of appendicular stump and artery (Group A), whereas 61 patients received titanium clips (Group B). The operative time for both groups was 63.6 ± 18.9 min and 65.5 ± 19.2 min, respectively (P ɢ.586). There was no significant difference in postoperative complications (P = 0.958). The length of hospital stay for each group was 3.07 ± 1.14 days and 2.90 ± 1.18 days, respectively (P = 0.435). Conclusion: The application of absorbable polymetric clips is feasible and safe with the additional benefit of leaving no foreign body for the closure of appendicular stump and ligation of appendiceal artery for laparoscopic appendectomy.
背景:腹腔镜阑尾切除术是最常见的急诊手术，阑尾残端及阑尾动脉的闭合采用多种技术。目的:比较可吸收聚合物夹与传统金属夹的临床效果。方法:回顾2020年6月至2021年5月在某医疗中心进行的腹腔镜阑尾切除术。我们分析了在腹腔镜阑尾切除术中使用可吸收夹或金属夹的患者的特点和术中、术后资料。结果:本研究共纳入120例患者。A组59例使用拉普夹结扎阑尾残端及动脉，B组61例使用钛夹结扎，两组手术时间分别为63.6±18.9 min和65.5±19.2 min (P < 0.05)。两组术后并发症发生率差异无统计学意义(P = 0.958)。两组患者住院时间分别为3.07±1.14天和2.90±1.18天(P = 0.435)。结论:在腹腔镜阑尾切除术中，应用可吸收性多聚夹进行阑尾残端闭合和阑尾动脉结扎，具有无异物的优点，是可行和安全的。
{"title":"A comparison of absorbable polymetric clips and metallic clips in laparoscopic appendectomy","authors":"Ting-Yuan Feng, Sheng-Chun Wang, G. Liao, Teng‐Wei Chen, D. Chan, K. Hsu","doi":"10.4103/jmedsci.jmedsci_372_21","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/jmedsci.jmedsci_372_21","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Laparoscopic appendectomy is the most common emergent surgery, and various techniques were used for the closure of appendicular stump and appendiceal artery. Aim: This study aimed to compare the clinical impacts of absorbable polymeric clips and traditional metallic clips. Methods: We reviewed the laparoscopic appendectomies performed from June 2020 to May 2021 in a medical center. We analyzed the characteristics and intraoperative and postoperative data of patients receiving absorbable or metallic clips during laparoscopic appendectomy. Results: A total of 120 patients were enrolled in this study. Fifty-nine patients received lapro-clips for the ligation of appendicular stump and artery (Group A), whereas 61 patients received titanium clips (Group B). The operative time for both groups was 63.6 ± 18.9 min and 65.5 ± 19.2 min, respectively (P ɢ.586). There was no significant difference in postoperative complications (P = 0.958). The length of hospital stay for each group was 3.07 ± 1.14 days and 2.90 ± 1.18 days, respectively (P = 0.435). Conclusion: The application of absorbable polymetric clips is feasible and safe with the additional benefit of leaving no foreign body for the closure of appendicular stump and ligation of appendiceal artery for laparoscopic appendectomy.","PeriodicalId":39900,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Medical Sciences (Taiwan)","volume":"43 1","pages":"63 - 66"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47852377","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-03-01DOI: 10.4103/jmedsci.jmedsci_170_21
Po-Kuan Yeh, Hsu-Kai Huang, Y. Liao, Fu-Chi Yang
{"title":"Intractable headache due to schwannoma in the right thoracic paraspinal space","authors":"Po-Kuan Yeh, Hsu-Kai Huang, Y. Liao, Fu-Chi Yang","doi":"10.4103/jmedsci.jmedsci_170_21","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/jmedsci.jmedsci_170_21","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":39900,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Medical Sciences (Taiwan)","volume":"43 1","pages":"97 - 98"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48972821","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-03-01DOI: 10.4103/jmedsci.jmedsci_363_21
C. Hsieh, Chia-Peng Yu, Chun-Yu Liang, Min-Tser Liao, Li-Chun Liu, Fu-Huang Lin
Background: Acinetobacter baumannii can reside in humans without causing infection or symptoms but can opportunistically cause community and nosocomial infections. Few studies from Taiwan have used national-level data to investigate antibiotic resistance rates of A. baumannii infections in the intensive care units (ICUs) of medical centers. Aim: This study determined the number of infection sites of A. baumannii and the resistance rates of carbapenem-resistant A. baumannii (CRAB) infections in ICUs in Taiwan, and identified trends over time, variations of infection site, and factors associated with resistance. Methods: This study used the database provided by Taiwan's Centers for Disease Control. Yearly, Taiwan Nosocomial Infections Surveillance System Surveys from 2008 to 2019 were analyzed, including data on the site of infection and resistance rates of A. baumannii and patient and hospital characteristics. Results: On average, 21 hospitals as medical center/year participated in the survey, and 6803 A. baumannii isolates were identified. All isolates were health care-related infections. The most frequent sites of infection were the urinary tract (50.6%), respiratory tract (19.6%), bloodstream (18.2%), surgical wounds (4.3%), and others (7.4%). Infection rates were the highest in the urinary tract in 2019 (63.6%; P < 0.001). On average, the rate of carbapenem resistance was 66.6% (95% confidence interval: 63.1–70.1) among ICU patients at medical centers. Considerable regional differences were observed, with the highest rates of resistance in the central regions. Higher resistance rates were observed between 2019 and 2020 COVID-19 pandemic (74.2%). Conclusion: This is the first report on the prevalence of health care-related A. baumannii infection in Taiwan in 2008–2019. Several invasive diseases, such as urinary tract infections, are associated with higher rates of carbapenem resistance. The resistance rate of CRAB in Taiwan is exceptionally high. The current big-data-derived findings may inform future surveillance and research efforts in Taiwan.
{"title":"Epidemiological features of healthcare-associated Acinetobacter baumannii infections in Taiwan during 2008 − 2019","authors":"C. Hsieh, Chia-Peng Yu, Chun-Yu Liang, Min-Tser Liao, Li-Chun Liu, Fu-Huang Lin","doi":"10.4103/jmedsci.jmedsci_363_21","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/jmedsci.jmedsci_363_21","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Acinetobacter baumannii can reside in humans without causing infection or symptoms but can opportunistically cause community and nosocomial infections. Few studies from Taiwan have used national-level data to investigate antibiotic resistance rates of A. baumannii infections in the intensive care units (ICUs) of medical centers. Aim: This study determined the number of infection sites of A. baumannii and the resistance rates of carbapenem-resistant A. baumannii (CRAB) infections in ICUs in Taiwan, and identified trends over time, variations of infection site, and factors associated with resistance. Methods: This study used the database provided by Taiwan's Centers for Disease Control. Yearly, Taiwan Nosocomial Infections Surveillance System Surveys from 2008 to 2019 were analyzed, including data on the site of infection and resistance rates of A. baumannii and patient and hospital characteristics. Results: On average, 21 hospitals as medical center/year participated in the survey, and 6803 A. baumannii isolates were identified. All isolates were health care-related infections. The most frequent sites of infection were the urinary tract (50.6%), respiratory tract (19.6%), bloodstream (18.2%), surgical wounds (4.3%), and others (7.4%). Infection rates were the highest in the urinary tract in 2019 (63.6%; P < 0.001). On average, the rate of carbapenem resistance was 66.6% (95% confidence interval: 63.1–70.1) among ICU patients at medical centers. Considerable regional differences were observed, with the highest rates of resistance in the central regions. Higher resistance rates were observed between 2019 and 2020 COVID-19 pandemic (74.2%). Conclusion: This is the first report on the prevalence of health care-related A. baumannii infection in Taiwan in 2008–2019. Several invasive diseases, such as urinary tract infections, are associated with higher rates of carbapenem resistance. The resistance rate of CRAB in Taiwan is exceptionally high. The current big-data-derived findings may inform future surveillance and research efforts in Taiwan.","PeriodicalId":39900,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Medical Sciences (Taiwan)","volume":"43 1","pages":"56 - 62"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43489802","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-03-01DOI: 10.4103/jmedsci.jmedsci_7_22
Luke Yang, Yu-Lun Tsai, Pei-Ling Yang, Chun-Chi Lu, J. Liaw, Hsiang-Yun Lan
Background: Health of the adolescents is an important determinant of adult health. Multiple factors may affect the adolescents' health. Aim: This exploratory cross-sectional study was to explore the effects of life stress, social support, and family hardiness on quality of life (QoL) in rural adolescents (15 to 19 years old) whose family had encountered adverse disaster events. Methods: Purposive sampling was used to recruit 350 adolescents met study criteria with 265 completing all questionnaires (response rate = 75.71%). Based on stress process model, we hypothesized that life stress and social support would directly and indirectly influence QoL, and family hardiness mediates the effects of life stress on QoL. Path analysis was employed to analyze the association among life stress, social support, family hardiness, and QoL. Results: The study showed that life stress, social support and family hardiness are significantly associated with adolescents' QoL: life stress (β = ‒ 0.30, P < 0.001), social support (β = 0.18, P = 0.010), and family hardiness (β = 0.21, P = 0.002). Life stress and social support had significant association with family hardiness: life stress (β = ‒0.23, P = 0.001) and social support (β = 0.29, P < 0.001). Conclusion: Life stress directly and indirectly influences QoL through family hardiness. Family hardiness can buffer the effects of life stress. Social support could improve the adolescents' QoL. To promote QoL, it is important for healthcare providers to attend rural adolescents' life stress, and provide psychosocial interventions to enhance family hardiness and social support.
背景:青少年健康是成人健康的重要决定因素。影响青少年健康的因素多种多样。目的:本研究旨在探讨生活压力、社会支持和家庭抗逆性对家庭遭遇不良灾害事件的农村青少年(15 ~ 19岁)生活质量的影响。方法:采用目的抽样法，抽取符合研究标准的青少年350名，其中265名完成问卷调查，回复率为75.71%。基于应激过程模型，我们假设生活压力和社会支持会直接和间接影响生活质量，家庭适应力在生活压力对生活质量的影响中起中介作用。采用通径分析分析生活压力、社会支持、家庭适应力与生活质量的关系。结果:研究表明，生活压力、社会支持和家庭适应力与青少年生活质量显著相关:生活压力(β = - 0.30, P < 0.001)、社会支持(β = 0.18, P = 0.010)、家庭适应力(β = 0.21, P = 0.002)。生活压力和社会支持对家庭适应力有显著影响:生活压力(β = -0.23, P = 0.001)和社会支持(β = 0.29, P < 0.001)。结论:生活压力通过家庭适应力直接或间接影响生活质量。家庭的坚韧可以缓冲生活压力的影响。社会支持可以提高青少年的生活质量。为了提高农村青少年的生活质量，卫生保健提供者必须关注农村青少年的生活压力，并提供心理社会干预措施，以增强家庭适应力和社会支持。
{"title":"Path analysis of the effects of life stress and social support on rural adolescents' quality of life in Taiwan: Family hardiness as a mediator","authors":"Luke Yang, Yu-Lun Tsai, Pei-Ling Yang, Chun-Chi Lu, J. Liaw, Hsiang-Yun Lan","doi":"10.4103/jmedsci.jmedsci_7_22","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/jmedsci.jmedsci_7_22","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Health of the adolescents is an important determinant of adult health. Multiple factors may affect the adolescents' health. Aim: This exploratory cross-sectional study was to explore the effects of life stress, social support, and family hardiness on quality of life (QoL) in rural adolescents (15 to 19 years old) whose family had encountered adverse disaster events. Methods: Purposive sampling was used to recruit 350 adolescents met study criteria with 265 completing all questionnaires (response rate = 75.71%). Based on stress process model, we hypothesized that life stress and social support would directly and indirectly influence QoL, and family hardiness mediates the effects of life stress on QoL. Path analysis was employed to analyze the association among life stress, social support, family hardiness, and QoL. Results: The study showed that life stress, social support and family hardiness are significantly associated with adolescents' QoL: life stress (β = ‒ 0.30, P < 0.001), social support (β = 0.18, P = 0.010), and family hardiness (β = 0.21, P = 0.002). Life stress and social support had significant association with family hardiness: life stress (β = ‒0.23, P = 0.001) and social support (β = 0.29, P < 0.001). Conclusion: Life stress directly and indirectly influences QoL through family hardiness. Family hardiness can buffer the effects of life stress. Social support could improve the adolescents' QoL. To promote QoL, it is important for healthcare providers to attend rural adolescents' life stress, and provide psychosocial interventions to enhance family hardiness and social support.","PeriodicalId":39900,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Medical Sciences (Taiwan)","volume":"43 1","pages":"67 - 73"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46095959","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-03-01DOI: 10.4103/jmedsci.jmedsci_369_21
Yen-Chu Chen, H. Lai, Yi-Hsuan Huang
Ethanol sclerotherapy is a therapeutic method commonly applied to address low-flow vascular malformations. However, numerous complications, including hemodynamic instability, may develop after ethanol injection. We present a case who experienced cardiopulmonary instability during intraoperative percutaneous ethanol injection under general anesthesia and spontaneously recovered 5 min after ethanol injection. The toxic effects of the treatment were associated with the injection volume and may be related to ethanol-induced pulmonary vasoconstriction and transient right ventricular dysfunction. Prompt and proper management, including providing supportive treatment, decreasing pulmonary vascular resistance with pulmonary vasodilators, and improving right ventricular function, should be carefully prepared to minimize the progression of cardiovascular collapse.
{"title":"Acute cardiopulmonary decompensation following ethanol sclerotherapy under general anesthesia","authors":"Yen-Chu Chen, H. Lai, Yi-Hsuan Huang","doi":"10.4103/jmedsci.jmedsci_369_21","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/jmedsci.jmedsci_369_21","url":null,"abstract":"Ethanol sclerotherapy is a therapeutic method commonly applied to address low-flow vascular malformations. However, numerous complications, including hemodynamic instability, may develop after ethanol injection. We present a case who experienced cardiopulmonary instability during intraoperative percutaneous ethanol injection under general anesthesia and spontaneously recovered 5 min after ethanol injection. The toxic effects of the treatment were associated with the injection volume and may be related to ethanol-induced pulmonary vasoconstriction and transient right ventricular dysfunction. Prompt and proper management, including providing supportive treatment, decreasing pulmonary vascular resistance with pulmonary vasodilators, and improving right ventricular function, should be carefully prepared to minimize the progression of cardiovascular collapse.","PeriodicalId":39900,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Medical Sciences (Taiwan)","volume":"43 1","pages":"90 - 92"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47865243","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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