Pub Date : 2012-10-18DOI: 10.1109/ENBENG.2012.6331368
A. A. Duarte, Maria Raposo
Aiming to create heterostructures with intact liposomes, layer-by-layer (LbL) films of dipalmitoyl phosphatidyl glycerol (DPPG) liposomes alternated with the polyelectrolyte poly(ethyleneimine) (PEI) were characterized in situ using quartz crystal microbalance (QCM). The QCM data analysis allows to infer that DPPG adsorbed amount is dependent of the number of bilayers already adsorbed, increasing from 24 mg/m2 for the first bilayer to a constant value of 103±14 mg/m2 after the 4th bilayer. This dependence was interpreted by the evolution of the roughness with the number of bilayers which increases until a maximum and after that decreases to a constant value. Kinetic curves reveals that the DPPG adsorption is justified by two processes, one which is associated to a adsorption of DPPG liposomes with a small constant time independent of the number of bilayers and another, dependent of the number of bilayers, associated to a structural rearrangement of DPPG liposomes on the surface.
{"title":"Growth analysis of PEI/DPPG self-assembled films by quartz crystal microbalance","authors":"A. A. Duarte, Maria Raposo","doi":"10.1109/ENBENG.2012.6331368","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ENBENG.2012.6331368","url":null,"abstract":"Aiming to create heterostructures with intact liposomes, layer-by-layer (LbL) films of dipalmitoyl phosphatidyl glycerol (DPPG) liposomes alternated with the polyelectrolyte poly(ethyleneimine) (PEI) were characterized in situ using quartz crystal microbalance (QCM). The QCM data analysis allows to infer that DPPG adsorbed amount is dependent of the number of bilayers already adsorbed, increasing from 24 mg/m2 for the first bilayer to a constant value of 103±14 mg/m2 after the 4th bilayer. This dependence was interpreted by the evolution of the roughness with the number of bilayers which increases until a maximum and after that decreases to a constant value. Kinetic curves reveals that the DPPG adsorption is justified by two processes, one which is associated to a adsorption of DPPG liposomes with a small constant time independent of the number of bilayers and another, dependent of the number of bilayers, associated to a structural rearrangement of DPPG liposomes on the surface.","PeriodicalId":399131,"journal":{"name":"2012 IEEE 2nd Portuguese Meeting in Bioengineering (ENBENG)","volume":"16 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2012-10-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"126148300","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2012-10-18DOI: 10.1109/ENBENG.2012.6331384
F. M. Rodrigues, J. S. Silva, T. Rodrigues
The aim of this work is to determine the optimal location for the hepatic resection. Initially, a hepatic segmentation method based in region growing was implemented from CT images with and without contrast. This algorithm was evaluated comparing its contours with the manual contours drawn by two physicians. The identification of the hepatic vessels is a fundamental step for surgical planning. The developed method is based in two segmentation techniques: region growing and threshold. By successive application of region growths, was computed the distribution of the number of voxels in terms of intensity. From this distribution, the information about the optimal threshold value for vessel segmentation was obtained. Finally, the eight liver segments were located, according Couinaud's classification, by a method that includes knowledge of the anatomy and differential geometry. The results show similarities between the volumes computed by the algorithm and the volumes used as reference.
{"title":"An algorithm for the surgical planning of hepatic resections","authors":"F. M. Rodrigues, J. S. Silva, T. Rodrigues","doi":"10.1109/ENBENG.2012.6331384","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ENBENG.2012.6331384","url":null,"abstract":"The aim of this work is to determine the optimal location for the hepatic resection. Initially, a hepatic segmentation method based in region growing was implemented from CT images with and without contrast. This algorithm was evaluated comparing its contours with the manual contours drawn by two physicians. The identification of the hepatic vessels is a fundamental step for surgical planning. The developed method is based in two segmentation techniques: region growing and threshold. By successive application of region growths, was computed the distribution of the number of voxels in terms of intensity. From this distribution, the information about the optimal threshold value for vessel segmentation was obtained. Finally, the eight liver segments were located, according Couinaud's classification, by a method that includes knowledge of the anatomy and differential geometry. The results show similarities between the volumes computed by the algorithm and the volumes used as reference.","PeriodicalId":399131,"journal":{"name":"2012 IEEE 2nd Portuguese Meeting in Bioengineering (ENBENG)","volume":"442 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2012-10-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"116746341","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2012-10-18DOI: 10.1109/ENBENG.2012.6331346
L. Caetano, L. Figueiredo, A. Almeida, L. Gonçalves
Although vaccination is still the most cost-effective strategy for tuberculosis control, there is an urgent need for an improved vaccine. Current BCG vaccine lacks efficacy in preventing adult pulmonary tuberculosis, the most prevalent form of the disease. Targeting nasal mucosa, Mycobacterium tuberculosis infection site, will allow a simpler, less prone to risk of infection and more effective immunization against disease. Due to its biodegradable, immunogenic and mucoadhesive properties, chitosan particulate delivery systems can act both as carrier and as adjuvant, improving the elicited immune response. In this study, BCG was encapsulated in alginate and chitosan microparticles, via a mild ionotropic gelation procedure with sodium tripolyphosphate as a counterion. The particulate system developed shows effective modulation of BCG surface physicochemical properties, suitable for mucosal immunization. Intracellular uptake was confirmed by effective transfection of human macrophage cell lines.
{"title":"Alginate-chitosan particulate delivery systems for mucosal immunization against tuberculosis","authors":"L. Caetano, L. Figueiredo, A. Almeida, L. Gonçalves","doi":"10.1109/ENBENG.2012.6331346","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ENBENG.2012.6331346","url":null,"abstract":"Although vaccination is still the most cost-effective strategy for tuberculosis control, there is an urgent need for an improved vaccine. Current BCG vaccine lacks efficacy in preventing adult pulmonary tuberculosis, the most prevalent form of the disease. Targeting nasal mucosa, Mycobacterium tuberculosis infection site, will allow a simpler, less prone to risk of infection and more effective immunization against disease. Due to its biodegradable, immunogenic and mucoadhesive properties, chitosan particulate delivery systems can act both as carrier and as adjuvant, improving the elicited immune response. In this study, BCG was encapsulated in alginate and chitosan microparticles, via a mild ionotropic gelation procedure with sodium tripolyphosphate as a counterion. The particulate system developed shows effective modulation of BCG surface physicochemical properties, suitable for mucosal immunization. Intracellular uptake was confirmed by effective transfection of human macrophage cell lines.","PeriodicalId":399131,"journal":{"name":"2012 IEEE 2nd Portuguese Meeting in Bioengineering (ENBENG)","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2012-10-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130252195","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2012-10-18DOI: 10.1109/ENBENG.2012.6331371
D. Ferreira, T. S. Monteiro, G. Minas
The research team is focused on the development of a chip-sized spectroscopy microsystem for the detection of gastrointestinal (GI) early cancerous lesions. The paper will briefly cover the outstanding properties of diffuse reflectance and fluorescence spectroscopy detection and the concept of cointegration of highly selective thin-films optical interference filters on silicon photodiodes, in order to meet the growing clinical demands for highly sensitive and reliable tools for the detection of early cancer in the GI tract. It will be also described some of the developments on-going by the research team.
{"title":"Spectroscopy microsystem for the detection of early cancer","authors":"D. Ferreira, T. S. Monteiro, G. Minas","doi":"10.1109/ENBENG.2012.6331371","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ENBENG.2012.6331371","url":null,"abstract":"The research team is focused on the development of a chip-sized spectroscopy microsystem for the detection of gastrointestinal (GI) early cancerous lesions. The paper will briefly cover the outstanding properties of diffuse reflectance and fluorescence spectroscopy detection and the concept of cointegration of highly selective thin-films optical interference filters on silicon photodiodes, in order to meet the growing clinical demands for highly sensitive and reliable tools for the detection of early cancer in the GI tract. It will be also described some of the developments on-going by the research team.","PeriodicalId":399131,"journal":{"name":"2012 IEEE 2nd Portuguese Meeting in Bioengineering (ENBENG)","volume":"37 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2012-10-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"125564396","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2012-10-18DOI: 10.1109/ENBENG.2012.6331366
L. Figueiredo, C. Calado, A. Almeida, L. Gonçalves
Immunisation against H. pylori is an attractive option for antibiotic resistance and reinfection situations. Strain genetic heterogeneity, and low immunogenicity of protein antigens and DNA alone are nonetheless obstacles to this approach. We developed multigenic H. pylori DNA-nanoparticle and protein-nanoparticle vaccines based on pathogenic relevance. Six antigens were chosen for the vaccine construction: CagA, VacA, HpaA, UreB, HomB and GroEL. Different combinations of CS/DS and CS/Alg /TPP nanoparticles with DNA and chimeric proteins were produced as vaccine systems. Immune responses were evaluated after i.m. and oral immunisation of BALB/c mice. Oral vaccination successfully stimulated mucosal immunity while i.m. immunisation efficiently elicited a more equilibrated cellular/humoral immune response.
{"title":"Protein and DNA nanoparticulate multiantigenic vaccines against H. pylori: In vivo evaluation","authors":"L. Figueiredo, C. Calado, A. Almeida, L. Gonçalves","doi":"10.1109/ENBENG.2012.6331366","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ENBENG.2012.6331366","url":null,"abstract":"Immunisation against H. pylori is an attractive option for antibiotic resistance and reinfection situations. Strain genetic heterogeneity, and low immunogenicity of protein antigens and DNA alone are nonetheless obstacles to this approach. We developed multigenic H. pylori DNA-nanoparticle and protein-nanoparticle vaccines based on pathogenic relevance. Six antigens were chosen for the vaccine construction: CagA, VacA, HpaA, UreB, HomB and GroEL. Different combinations of CS/DS and CS/Alg /TPP nanoparticles with DNA and chimeric proteins were produced as vaccine systems. Immune responses were evaluated after i.m. and oral immunisation of BALB/c mice. Oral vaccination successfully stimulated mucosal immunity while i.m. immunisation efficiently elicited a more equilibrated cellular/humoral immune response.","PeriodicalId":399131,"journal":{"name":"2012 IEEE 2nd Portuguese Meeting in Bioengineering (ENBENG)","volume":"28 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2012-10-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"132281674","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2012-10-18DOI: 10.1109/ENBENG.2012.6331388
M. Martins, Cristina P. Santos, Anselmo Frizera
This work presents the ASBGo Smart Walker, developed at Minho University with the Adaptive System Behavior Group. It includes the conceptual design, implementation and validation of a Smart Walker with a new interface approach integrated. It was addressed the assembly of the ASBGo with the required electronics, as well as the implementation of the interface based on a joystick. This sensor is intended to read the user's movement intentions to command the walker. Thus, preliminary sets of experiments were performed with 10 healthy volunteers walking with the device. This was followed by the signal processing and extensive analysis of the joystick signals, which showed the capability of the joystick to extract navigation commands from the user. Based on this real-time identification of user's commands, an approach to the control architecture of the ASBGo was developed and it is based on a fuzzy logic algorithm that allowed the control of the walker's motors. A set of validation experiments were then performed. In addition, it was addressed the security of the user by adding a set of sensors to detect if the user falls.
{"title":"Online control of a mobility assistance Smart Walker","authors":"M. Martins, Cristina P. Santos, Anselmo Frizera","doi":"10.1109/ENBENG.2012.6331388","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ENBENG.2012.6331388","url":null,"abstract":"This work presents the ASBGo Smart Walker, developed at Minho University with the Adaptive System Behavior Group. It includes the conceptual design, implementation and validation of a Smart Walker with a new interface approach integrated. It was addressed the assembly of the ASBGo with the required electronics, as well as the implementation of the interface based on a joystick. This sensor is intended to read the user's movement intentions to command the walker. Thus, preliminary sets of experiments were performed with 10 healthy volunteers walking with the device. This was followed by the signal processing and extensive analysis of the joystick signals, which showed the capability of the joystick to extract navigation commands from the user. Based on this real-time identification of user's commands, an approach to the control architecture of the ASBGo was developed and it is based on a fuzzy logic algorithm that allowed the control of the walker's motors. A set of validation experiments were then performed. In addition, it was addressed the security of the user by adding a set of sensors to detect if the user falls.","PeriodicalId":399131,"journal":{"name":"2012 IEEE 2nd Portuguese Meeting in Bioengineering (ENBENG)","volume":"43 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2012-10-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"132219880","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2012-10-18DOI: 10.1109/ENBENG.2012.6331359
S. Catarino, João M. Miranda, S. Lanceros‐Méndez, G. Minas
The research team is focused on lab-on-a-chip devices for clinical applications, where acoustic streaming technique is used for promoting the mixing, pumping and chemical reactions of fluids, inside the microfluidic structures. In particular, this paper focuses the modeling and simulation of the acoustic streaming generated by a piezoelectric polymer - the β-PVDF in a microchannel. The simulations are based on finite elements numerical methods and are implemented in COMSOL Multiphysics software. The modeling of acoustic streaming phenomenon includes the study of the piezoelectric effect generated by an electroactive polymer and of the compressible flow Navier-Stokes equations.
{"title":"Modeling and simulation of acoustic propagation for mixing and pumping fluids in lab-on-a-chip devices","authors":"S. Catarino, João M. Miranda, S. Lanceros‐Méndez, G. Minas","doi":"10.1109/ENBENG.2012.6331359","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ENBENG.2012.6331359","url":null,"abstract":"The research team is focused on lab-on-a-chip devices for clinical applications, where acoustic streaming technique is used for promoting the mixing, pumping and chemical reactions of fluids, inside the microfluidic structures. In particular, this paper focuses the modeling and simulation of the acoustic streaming generated by a piezoelectric polymer - the β-PVDF in a microchannel. The simulations are based on finite elements numerical methods and are implemented in COMSOL Multiphysics software. The modeling of acoustic streaming phenomenon includes the study of the piezoelectric effect generated by an electroactive polymer and of the compressible flow Navier-Stokes equations.","PeriodicalId":399131,"journal":{"name":"2012 IEEE 2nd Portuguese Meeting in Bioengineering (ENBENG)","volume":"166 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2012-10-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"131923511","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2012-10-18DOI: 10.1109/ENBENG.2012.6331341
Sara Figueiredo, J. N. Moreira, S. Rizzitelli, S. Aime, E. Terreno, C. Geraldes
As Magnetic Resonance is the imaging modality of choice, it is necessary to design highly sensitive systems to overcome the relatively low sensitivity of the technique.
由于磁共振是首选的成像方式，因此有必要设计高灵敏度的系统来克服该技术相对较低的灵敏度。
{"title":"Nature-inspired particles as carriers for multimodal molecular imaging applications","authors":"Sara Figueiredo, J. N. Moreira, S. Rizzitelli, S. Aime, E. Terreno, C. Geraldes","doi":"10.1109/ENBENG.2012.6331341","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ENBENG.2012.6331341","url":null,"abstract":"As Magnetic Resonance is the imaging modality of choice, it is necessary to design highly sensitive systems to overcome the relatively low sensitivity of the technique.","PeriodicalId":399131,"journal":{"name":"2012 IEEE 2nd Portuguese Meeting in Bioengineering (ENBENG)","volume":"15 3","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2012-10-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"120941924","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2012-10-18DOI: 10.1109/ENBENG.2012.6331369
F. Vaz, Ricardo M. Couto, C. Calado
Helicobacter pylori is responsible for several gastric diseases. The main constraints of vaccine trials against this pathogen are mainly due to the bacterium high antigenic variability and to down-regulation of the host immune responses. To counteract these factors we propose a DNA vaccine able to induce a balanced humoural and citotoxic specific immune responses, based on multi-antigens. The selection of the antigens NapA, HpaA, VacA and HomB were conducted based on immunoproteomic data and the protein role on infection and pathogenesis. A fragment of each target-antigen was selected by in silico methods based on the maximization of the gene conservation and antigenicity. The set of these small fragments will be presented as a vaccine based on several conserved epitopes of multi-antigenic targets, and consequently representative of the bacterium antigenic variability.
{"title":"The importance of Helicobacter pylori's genetic variability for the construction of an efficient vaccine","authors":"F. Vaz, Ricardo M. Couto, C. Calado","doi":"10.1109/ENBENG.2012.6331369","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ENBENG.2012.6331369","url":null,"abstract":"Helicobacter pylori is responsible for several gastric diseases. The main constraints of vaccine trials against this pathogen are mainly due to the bacterium high antigenic variability and to down-regulation of the host immune responses. To counteract these factors we propose a DNA vaccine able to induce a balanced humoural and citotoxic specific immune responses, based on multi-antigens. The selection of the antigens NapA, HpaA, VacA and HomB were conducted based on immunoproteomic data and the protein role on infection and pathogenesis. A fragment of each target-antigen was selected by in silico methods based on the maximization of the gene conservation and antigenicity. The set of these small fragments will be presented as a vaccine based on several conserved epitopes of multi-antigenic targets, and consequently representative of the bacterium antigenic variability.","PeriodicalId":399131,"journal":{"name":"2012 IEEE 2nd Portuguese Meeting in Bioengineering (ENBENG)","volume":"46 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2012-10-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"115644870","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2012-10-18DOI: 10.1109/ENBENG.2012.6331385
T. Oliveira, C. Correia
Three optical probes based on different photo-diodes: lateral effect (LEP), planar (PPD) and avalanche (APD) photodiodes, were developed to measure the arterial pressure waveform and access clinically relevant information. The pressure wave propagates through the arterial tree and is measured in the peripheral arteries. The probes were evaluated in dedicated test setups and in vivo, at the carotid. For the PPD and APD probes, an ultrasound system was used as a source of data for comparison. Two different light sources were tested: visible and infrared, which performance was evaluated in a test setup, simulating the fatty deposits seen in the obese. Although the LEP probe lacks of temporal resolution, PPD and APD probes show a good overall performance, measuring waveforms with <;8% error, with higher resolution than the ultrasound system. The probes lit with infrared light show better resolution and definition in the test setup and at in vivo conditions.
{"title":"Development of optical probes for arterial pulse wave assessment","authors":"T. Oliveira, C. Correia","doi":"10.1109/ENBENG.2012.6331385","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ENBENG.2012.6331385","url":null,"abstract":"Three optical probes based on different photo-diodes: lateral effect (LEP), planar (PPD) and avalanche (APD) photodiodes, were developed to measure the arterial pressure waveform and access clinically relevant information. The pressure wave propagates through the arterial tree and is measured in the peripheral arteries. The probes were evaluated in dedicated test setups and in vivo, at the carotid. For the PPD and APD probes, an ultrasound system was used as a source of data for comparison. Two different light sources were tested: visible and infrared, which performance was evaluated in a test setup, simulating the fatty deposits seen in the obese. Although the LEP probe lacks of temporal resolution, PPD and APD probes show a good overall performance, measuring waveforms with <;8% error, with higher resolution than the ultrasound system. The probes lit with infrared light show better resolution and definition in the test setup and at in vivo conditions.","PeriodicalId":399131,"journal":{"name":"2012 IEEE 2nd Portuguese Meeting in Bioengineering (ENBENG)","volume":"55 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2012-10-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"129473173","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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