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2017 13th International Conference on Distributed Computing in Sensor Systems (DCOSS)最新文献

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Measuring People-Flow through Doorways Using Easy-to-Install IR Array Sensors 使用易于安装的红外阵列传感器测量门口的人流
Hessam Mohammadmoradi, Sirajum Munir, O. Gnawali, Charles Shelton
People counting has many applications in smart buildings. For example, adjusting HVAC systems based on the number of occupants in each room can save a significant amount of energy. In addition, security and safety of the building can be managed by determining the number and location of occupants. Different technologies and sensing platforms have proposed for accurate and efficient people counting. However, these solutions are expensive, hard to deploy, or privacy invasive. We investigate the possibility of placing an 8×8 IR array sensor at the doorways and counting the number of people inside rooms. Our solution is real-time, inexpensive, privacy preserving with much less deployment constraints compared to its competitors. The proposed solution deals with realistic and dynamic changes in the sensing environment by leveraging a combination of Otsus thresholding and modeling thermal noise distribution. We evaluated our solution via several controlled and uncontrolled real-world environments. The results show an average of 93% accuracy in estimating the number of occupants in rooms.
人口统计在智能建筑中有很多应用。例如,根据每个房间的居住者数量来调整暖通空调系统可以节省大量的能源。此外,可以通过确定居住者的数量和位置来管理建筑物的安全和安全。人们提出了不同的技术和传感平台来实现准确高效的人口统计。然而,这些解决方案价格昂贵,难以部署,或者侵犯隐私。我们研究了在门口放置8×8红外阵列传感器并计算房间内人数的可能性。我们的解决方案是实时的、廉价的、隐私保护的,与竞争对手相比,部署限制要少得多。提出的解决方案通过结合Otsus阈值和热噪声分布建模来处理传感环境中的现实和动态变化。我们通过几个受控和非受控的现实环境来评估我们的解决方案。结果表明,估计房间里的人数平均准确率为93%。
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引用次数: 39
Passive Radio-Frequency Energy Harvesting through Wireless Information Transmission 通过无线信息传输的无源射频能量收集
Yuan Xing, Liang Dong
Passive radio-frequency (RF) energy harvesting collects the radiated energy from adjacent wireless information transmitters instead of using a dedicated wireless power source. In this paper, we investigate the scenario where a wireless transmitter communicates with its information receiver while intentionally focusing the radiated power to the RF energy harvesters. The wireless transceivers are equipped with multiple antennas, and each of the energy harvesters has one receive antenna. With an appropriate design of the transmit covariance matrix, the wireless transmitter transfers sufficient energy to the energy harvesters with a guarantee on the information rate to the communication receiver. When multiple RF energy harvesters are present, we address the trade-off between net energy harvesting rate and fairness with the dynamic of the energy harvesting network. Simulation results compare the algorithms and evaluate the performance of passive RF energy harvesting.
无源射频(RF)能量收集从相邻的无线信息发射器收集辐射能量,而不是使用专用的无线电源。在本文中,我们研究了无线发射器与其信息接收器通信的场景,同时有意地将辐射功率聚焦到射频能量收集器上。无线收发器配备有多个天线,每个能量收集器有一个接收天线。通过对发射协方差矩阵的合理设计,无线发射机向能量采集器传输足够的能量,同时保证向通信接收机传输的信息速率。当存在多个射频能量收集器时,我们通过能量收集网络的动态来解决净能量收集率和公平性之间的权衡。仿真结果比较了各种算法,并对无源射频能量采集的性能进行了评价。
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引用次数: 6
Distributed Collision-Free Data Aggregation Approach for Wireless Sensor Networks 面向无线传感器网络的分布式无碰撞数据聚合方法
M. Merzoug, A. Mostefaoui, Samir Chouali
This paper presents a distributed serial data aggregation approach, called Spreading Aggregation~(SA), in which one packet hops sequentially over nodes and aggregates their data. The next hop of the aggregation packet is determined locally by each traversed node using only its one-hop neighborhood information, so no network topology information needs to be known by nodes, nor collisions are generated as only one node is communicating at any given time. This localized and distributed characteristic makes the proposed approach highly scalable and very efficient in terms of communication-reduction, energy conservation, and aggregation time, as confirmed by the numerous simulation results we obtained. These results confirm also the superiority of the proposed approach over the state-of-the-art serial approaches, particularly in very large scale network deployments.
本文提出了一种分布式串行数据聚合方法,称为扩散聚合~(SA),其中一个数据包在节点上顺序跳跃并聚合它们的数据。聚合包的下一跳由每个遍历节点仅使用其单跳邻居信息在本地确定,因此节点不需要知道网络拓扑信息,也不会产生冲突,因为在任何给定时间只有一个节点在通信。这种局域化和分布式的特性使得所提出的方法具有高度的可扩展性,并且在减少通信、节约能量和聚合时间方面非常有效,我们获得的大量仿真结果证实了这一点。这些结果也证实了所提出的方法优于最先进的串行方法,特别是在非常大规模的网络部署中。
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引用次数: 1
Do Not Lose Bandwidth: Adaptive Transmission Power and Multihop Topology Control 不丢失带宽:自适应传输功率和多跳拓扑控制
Hyung-Sin Kim, Jeongyeup Paek, D. Culler, S. Bahk
We show that a multihop wireless network can achieve better bandwidth and routing stability when transmission power and routing topology are jointly and adaptively controlled. Our experiments show that the predominant 'fixed and uniform' transmission power strategy with 'link quality and hop distance'-based routing topology construction loses significant bandwidth due to hidden terminal and load imbalance problems. We design an adaptive and distributed control mechanism for transmission power and routing topology, PCRPL, within the standard RPL routing protocol. We implement PC-RPL on real embedded devices and evaluate its performance on a 49-node multihop testbed. PC-RPL reduces total end-to-end packet losses ~7-fold without increasing hop distance compared to RPL with the highest transmission power, resulting in 17% improvement in aggregate bandwidth and 64% for the worst-case node.
研究表明,在传输功率和路由拓扑共同自适应控制的情况下,多跳无线网络可以获得更好的带宽和路由稳定性。我们的实验表明,基于“链路质量和跳距”的路由拓扑结构的主流“固定和均匀”传输功率策略由于隐藏终端和负载不平衡问题而损失了大量带宽。我们在标准RPL路由协议中设计了一种自适应的分布式控制机制,用于传输功率和路由拓扑PCRPL。我们在真实的嵌入式设备上实现了PC-RPL,并在49节点多跳测试台上评估了其性能。与传输功率最高的RPL相比,PC-RPL在不增加跳距离的情况下,将端到端总丢包量减少了7倍,使总带宽提高了17%,最坏情况下的节点带宽提高了64%。
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引用次数: 25
A Privacy Enhanced Facial Recognition Access Control System Using Biometric Encryption 使用生物特征加密的隐私增强面部识别访问控制系统
Orane Cole, K. El-Khatib
With a modest adoption of biometrics for security controls, privacy remains a great concern for many individuals as biometric features, once compromised, cannot be renewed and will render protected resources vulnerable to a number of attacks by a threat agent. Several biometric encryption mechanisms have been proposed to preserve privacy, however there has been very little industry usage and implementation. In this paper, a practical biometric encryption technique is presented. The proposed approach is used to provide the desired level of privacy for stored biometric templates through anonymization. This scheme also addresses the limitation of renewability as biometric templates are fused with a biometric key, which may be renewed in the event of compromise of the biometric key. A prototype of the proposed scheme indicates that it could be a viable replacement for traditional biometric security controls with an increased confidence in the preservation of the end-user's privacy.
随着生物识别技术在安全控制方面的适度采用,隐私仍然是许多人非常关注的问题,因为生物识别特征一旦被泄露,就无法更新,并且将使受保护的资源容易受到威胁代理的一系列攻击。已经提出了几种生物特征加密机制来保护隐私,但是很少有行业使用和实施。本文提出了一种实用的生物特征加密技术。所提出的方法通过匿名化为存储的生物特征模板提供所需的隐私级别。该方案还解决了生物特征模板与生物特征密钥融合的可更新性的限制,在生物特征密钥泄露的情况下,生物特征密钥可以被更新。该方案的原型表明,它可能是传统生物识别安全控制的可行替代品,同时增加了对保护最终用户隐私的信心。
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引用次数: 1
Efficient Many-to-Many Data Sharing Using Synchronous Transmission and TDMA 基于同步传输和TDMA的高效多对多数据共享
Sudipta Saha, O. Landsiedel, M. Chan
Achieving fast and efficient many-to-many communication is one of the most complex communication problems, especially in wireless systems. A compact form of many-to-many communication in a distributed system has the potential to bring huge benefit to many distributed algorithms and protocols. Many-to-many communication can be implemented as a sequential instantiations of a network wide one-to-many communication. One limitation of such an approach is that each individual instance of a one-to-many communication has to be given enough time to propagate through the whole network before the next instance. In addition, there is large overhead in generating the schedule for the sequence of individual one-to-many communications. In this work, we show that many-to-many communication can be more efficiently implemented as many parallel many-to-one communications. In this direction, we first develop an efficient TDMA based many-to-one communication module, and then use it in many-to-many setting. Our approach achieves a minimum about 20% to 50% improvements on latency (radio-on time) over the state-of-the-art solutions in a 90-node wireless sensor network testbed.
实现快速高效的多对多通信是最复杂的通信问题之一,特别是在无线系统中。分布式系统中紧凑形式的多对多通信有可能给许多分布式算法和协议带来巨大的好处。多对多通信可以作为网络范围一对多通信的顺序实例来实现。这种方法的一个限制是,必须给一对多通信的每个单独实例足够的时间,以便在下一个实例之前通过整个网络传播。此外,为单个一对多通信序列生成调度的开销很大。在这项工作中,我们证明了多对多通信可以更有效地实现为多个并行多对一通信。在这个方向上,我们首先开发了一个高效的基于TDMA的多对一通信模块,然后将其应用于多对多环境中。在90个节点的无线传感器网络测试平台中,与最先进的解决方案相比,我们的方法在延迟(无线电接通时间)方面至少提高了20%到50%。
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引用次数: 18
Theoretical Analysis of the Area Coverage in a UAV-based Wireless Sensor Network 基于无人机的无线传感器网络区域覆盖的理论分析
Peng Sun, A. Boukerche, Yanjie Tao
A wireless sensor network (WSN) is usually deployed in a field of interest (FoI) for detecting or monitoring some special events and then forwarding the aggregated data to the designated data center through sink nodes or gateways. Traditionally, the WSN requires the intensive deployment in which the extra sensor nodes are deployed to achieve the required coverage level. Fortunately, depending on the developments of the unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) techniques, the UAV has been widely adopted in both military and civilian applications. Comparing with the traditional mobile sensor nodes, the UAV has much faster moving speed, longer deployment range and relatively longer serving time. Consequently, the UAV can be considered as a perfect carrier for the existing sensing equipment and used to form a UAV-based WSN (UWSN). In this paper, we theoretically analyse the coverage problem in the UWSN. Based on the integral geometry, we solve the aforementioned question. The experimental results further verifies our theoretical results.
无线传感器网络(WSN)通常部署在感兴趣的领域(FoI),用于检测或监控某些特殊事件,然后将聚合的数据通过汇聚节点或网关转发到指定的数据中心。传统上,WSN需要密集部署,其中部署额外的传感器节点以达到所需的覆盖水平。幸运的是,随着无人机技术的发展,无人机在军事和民用领域都得到了广泛的应用。与传统的移动传感器节点相比,无人机具有更快的移动速度、更长的部署范围和相对较长的服务时间。因此,无人机可以被认为是现有传感设备的完美载体,并用于形成基于无人机的WSN (UWSN)。本文从理论上分析了无线传感器网络的覆盖问题。基于积分几何,我们解决了上述问题。实验结果进一步验证了我们的理论结果。
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引用次数: 8
An Open-Source Extendable, Highly-Accurate and Security Aware CPS Simulator 一个开源可扩展,高精度和安全意识的CPS模拟器
A. Brokalakis, N. Tampouratzis, A. Nikitakis, Stamatis Andrianakis, I. Papaefstathiou, A. Dollas
In this paper, we present an open-source Cyber Physical Systems (CPS) simulation framework that aims to address the limitations of currently available tools. Our solution models the computing devices of the processing nodes and the network that comprise the CPS system and thus provides cycle accurate results, realistic communications and power/energy consumption estimates based on the actual dynamic usage scenarios. The simulator provides the necessary hooks to security testing software and can be extended through an IEEE standardized interface to include additional tools, such as simulators of physical models.
在本文中,我们提出了一个开源的网络物理系统(CPS)仿真框架,旨在解决当前可用工具的局限性。我们的解决方案对组成CPS系统的处理节点和网络的计算设备进行建模,从而提供周期精确的结果、现实的通信和基于实际动态使用场景的功率/能耗估算。该模拟器为安全测试软件提供了必要的挂钩,并且可以通过IEEE标准化接口进行扩展,以包括其他工具,例如物理模型模拟器。
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引用次数: 8
Big Sensed Data Challenges in the Internet of Things 物联网中的大感知数据挑战
H. Hassanein, Sharief M. A. Oteafy
Internet of Things (IoT) systems are inherently built on data gathered from heterogeneous sources. In the quest to gather more data for better analytics, many IoT systems are instigating significant challenges. First, the sheer volume and velocity of data generated by IoT systems are burdening our networking infrastructure, especially at the edge. The mobility and intermittent connectivity of edge IoT nodes are further hampering real-time access and reporting of IoT data. As we attempt to synergize IoT systems to leverage resource discovery and remedy some of these challenges, the rising challenges of Quality of Information (QoI) and Quality of Resource (QoR) calibration, render many IoT interoperability attempts far-fetched. We survey a number of challenges in realizing IoT interoperability, and advocate for a uniform view of data management in IoT systems. We delve into three planes that encompass Big Sensed Data (BSD) research directions, presenting a building block for future research efforts in IoT data management.
物联网(IoT)系统本质上是建立在从异构来源收集的数据之上的。为了收集更多数据以进行更好的分析,许多物联网系统正在引发重大挑战。首先,物联网系统产生的庞大数据量和速度给我们的网络基础设施带来了负担,尤其是在边缘。边缘物联网节点的移动性和间歇性连接进一步阻碍了物联网数据的实时访问和报告。当我们试图协同物联网系统来利用资源发现并解决其中一些挑战时,信息质量(qi)和资源质量(QoR)校准的挑战日益增加,使许多物联网互操作性尝试变得牵强。我们调查了实现物联网互操作性的一些挑战,并倡导物联网系统中数据管理的统一视图。我们深入研究了包含大感知数据(BSD)研究方向的三个平面,为未来物联网数据管理的研究工作提供了一个构建块。
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引用次数: 8
Bipartite Grid Partitioning of a Random Geometric Graph 随机几何图的二部网格划分
Zizhen Chen, D. Matula
We investigate the problem of efficient computation of a partition of a Random Geometric Graph (RGG) into a limited number of densely packed bipartite grid subgraphs. The study focuses on the collection of subgraphs each individually having similar size and structure and the union employing most (e.g. over 85%) of the vertices. The residual vertices we seek to minimize are attributed to the inherent variations in densities of the randomly placed vertices and to any shortcomings of our greedy algorithms. RGG's have been extensively employed in recent times to model the deployment of numerous instances of Wireless Sensor Networks (WSN's). The properties investigated in our selected bipartite grid backbones are those deemed most relevant for applications to the foundations of this widely growing field. Distributed algorithms are primarily used to determine backbones. Our results review what backbone grid partitions exist in the data. This provides a metric to measure the effectiveness of any distributed algorithm against an existing optimal result. The visual display of selected backbone grids suggests local algorithm design strategies. Furthermore, these partitions must be efficiently computable for highly scalable computation, e.g. WSN's with 100's of thousands of vertices and millions of edges in the resulting RGG. We consider distributions over a segment of the plane and over the surface of the sphere to model sensor distributions both in limited planar regions, all around the globe or on distant planets.
研究了随机几何图(RGG)划分为有限数量的密集填充二部网格子图的高效计算问题。研究的重点是子图的集合,每个子图都有相似的大小和结构,以及使用大多数(例如超过85%)顶点的联合。我们寻求最小化的剩余顶点归因于随机放置顶点密度的固有变化以及我们贪婪算法的任何缺点。近年来,RGG被广泛用于模拟无线传感器网络(WSN)的部署。在我们选择的二部网格主干中研究的性质是那些被认为与这个广泛发展的领域的基础应用最相关的性质。分布式算法主要用于确定主干。我们的结果回顾了数据中存在哪些骨干网格分区。这提供了一个度量,可以根据现有的最优结果来衡量任何分布式算法的有效性。选取的骨干网格的可视化显示提示了局部算法设计策略。此外,对于高度可扩展的计算,这些分区必须是可有效计算的,例如在生成的RGG中具有数十万个顶点和数百万条边的WSN。我们考虑平面段和球面上的分布,以模拟有限平面区域、全球或遥远行星上的传感器分布。
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引用次数: 0
期刊
2017 13th International Conference on Distributed Computing in Sensor Systems (DCOSS)
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