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KRIMINALITET (I)MIGRANATA – OPŠTE KARAKTERISTIKE I STANjE U SRBIJI
Pub Date : 2019-12-01 DOI: 10.46793/gp.1002.003s
Snežana Soković
Migration has traditionally been considered in criminology as an external ambient factor of criminality, with the possible correlation being complex and multifaceted. The modern age is characterized by large and significant migrant movements, which makes classical criminological research of migrant criminality extremely topical, and imposes the need to test criminological attitudes in the context of contemporary migration. The paper points to the different criminological categories of migrants, presents contemporary empirical researches and the theoretical framework of (im)migrant criminality, analyzes the importance of public perceptions of (im)migrant criminality in shaping social response measures, especially in the context of possible disagreement on the actual situation and public perception. A special reference to domestic circumstances indicates that the (im)migrant population in Serbia, given its abundance and socio-demographic characteristics, does not have the potential for social disorganization that would result in increased criminality.
在犯罪学中,移民传统上被认为是犯罪的外部环境因素,其可能的相关性是复杂和多方面的。现代社会的特点是大规模而重要的移民运动,这使得移民犯罪的经典犯罪学研究非常热门,并要求在当代移民背景下测试犯罪学态度。本文指出了移民的不同犯罪学类别,介绍了当代实证研究和移民犯罪的理论框架,分析了公众对移民犯罪的看法在形成社会应对措施方面的重要性,特别是在实际情况和公众看法可能存在分歧的背景下。对国内情况的特别提及表明,塞尔维亚境内的(移徙)人口由于其数量众多和社会人口特征,没有可能造成社会解体,从而导致犯罪增加。
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引用次数: 0
MESTO ZEMALjA BRIKS-A NA GLOBALNOJ EKONOMSKOJ MAPI SVE
Pub Date : 2019-12-01 DOI: 10.46793/gp.1002.117d
N. Dugalić
Globalization transforms social relations,fundamentally changes the nature of the state, violates its sovereignty and changes the established international order. The division of the world into the rich and the poor and the aspiration of the most developed countries for domination presents,undoubtedly one of the greatest dangers for humanity and its future. It is natural and necessary that every nation has the desire and aspires to present itself to the other nations in the best light, to introduce the results of its own creativity, to introduce them to the essence of their ideas and aspirations. Nevertheless, the world is confronted with tendencies and practices of harsh imposition of values, ideological indoctrination and all kinds of forms of spiritual violence. Political and economically powerful countries, by spreading and imposing their ideology, their views on the world and the hyperproduction of their cultural creations, suffocate the culture of small and economically underdeveloped countries, impose clichés and myths, create a state of spiritual erosion of one and the dominance of other values. While, on the one hand, different societies are homogenized, on the other hand, the polarization occurs endangering their tradition, culture and spiritual heritage. However, with the appearance of the BRICS group on the global scene, as new protagonists of high growth and development, America has been losing hegemony in most of the fields in international geopolitical relations. The economic power, which derives from the size of their economies, gives them the potential to influence world events. It is therefore very important that BRICS countries mutually work to establish the common principles of cooperation regarding the unique way of dealing with conflicts around the world, as well as creating consultation mechanisms where they can coordinate their attitudes. At the beginning of the new millennium, the BRICS countries played an important role in overcoming the global financial and economic crisis and have made a significant contribution to the recovery of the global economy. The economic policies of sustainable growth and development of the BRICS countries have enabled the creation of new workplaces, poverty reduction and greater social inclusion. Such an economic position of the BRICS countries was possible, considering their great wealth of natural resources. Specifically, national resource policy regimes support a claim on the status of BRICS as resource superpower, as high levels of government control allow these countries to use those resources in order to achieve certain domestic developments and international diplomatic goals. Apparently, resource wealth is a very important component of BRICS countries in international relations.
全球化改变了社会关系,从根本上改变了国家的性质,侵犯了国家主权,改变了既定的国际秩序。世界划分为富国和穷国以及最发达国家谋求统治的愿望无疑是对人类及其未来的最大危险之一。每个民族都渴望和渴望以最好的面貌向其他民族展示自己,向他们介绍自己创造的成果,向他们介绍他们的思想和愿望的精髓,这是很自然和必要的。然而,世界面临着严酷的价值观强加、意识形态灌输和各种形式的精神暴力的倾向和做法。政治和经济上强大的国家通过传播和强加它们的意识形态、它们对世界的看法和它们的文化创作的过度生产,窒息了经济上不发达的小国的文化,强加了陈词滥调和神话,造成了一种价值观的精神侵蚀和其他价值观的主导地位。然而,一方面,不同的社会是同质化的,另一方面,两极分化的发生危及他们的传统,文化和精神遗产。然而,随着金砖国家集团在全球舞台上的出现,作为高增长和发展的新主角,美国在国际地缘政治关系的大部分领域都失去了霸权。经济实力来自于它们的经济规模,这使它们有可能影响世界事件。因此,金砖国家应共同努力,就处理世界各地冲突的独特方式建立共同的合作原则,并建立协调态度的磋商机制,这一点非常重要。新千年伊始,金砖国家为克服国际金融经济危机发挥了重要作用,为世界经济复苏作出了重要贡献。金砖国家实施可持续增长和发展的经济政策,创造了新的就业机会,减少了贫困,促进了社会包容。考虑到金砖国家丰富的自然资源,这样的经济地位是可能的。具体来说,国家资源政策制度支持金砖国家作为资源超级大国的地位,因为高水平的政府控制使这些国家能够利用这些资源来实现某些国内发展和国际外交目标。显然,资源财富是金砖国家在国际关系中非常重要的组成部分。
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引用次数: 0
TOK POSTUPKA DO DONOŠENjA REŠENjA PO NOVOM ZAKONU O OPŠTEM UPRAVNOM POSTUPKU U REPUBLICI SRBIJI
Pub Date : 2019-12-01 DOI: 10.46793/gp.1002.067j
Zoran Jovanović
The new Law on general administrative procedure of the Republic of Serbia of 2016 introduced some changes in the procedures that precede the adoption of a decree. This process comprizes all procedural actions which are necessary to be undertaken in order to pass a decision in an administrative proceeding. The author of this paper underlines the most important novelties also giving an overview of the old provisions of the Law: the manner in which the facts are determined in an administrative proceeding, the responsibility of the bodies to acquire facts ex officio, direct decision making, temporary injunctions, investigation procedure, preliminary issue, hearing.
2016年新的《塞尔维亚共和国一般行政程序法》对通过法令之前的程序进行了一些修改。这一过程包括为通过行政诉讼中的决定而必须采取的所有程序性行动。本文的作者强调了最重要的新颖之处,并概述了该法的旧规定:在行政诉讼中确定事实的方式,机关依职权获得事实的责任,直接决策,临时禁令,调查程序,初步问题,听证。
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引用次数: 0
RELACIJA U ČLANU 181 DUŠANOVOG ZAKONIKA I U SREDNjOVEKOVNIM RUSKIM PRAVNIM SPOMENICIMA
Pub Date : 2019-12-01 DOI: 10.46793/gp.1002.037c
Z. Čvorović
In the paper, the author analyzes the regulation of Article 181 of the Dushan’s Code on the exclusive right of the ruler to judge in those cases which, due to the factual complexity of a particular case or the existence loophole in the law, were transferred from regular courts to the ruler's court. In the first part of the paper, the author presents the views of some of the most important commentators on the Dushan’s Code, which differ from one another depending on whether they qualify the institution referred to in Article 181 of the Code as a relation or an appeal. These theses, as well as the content of Article 181 of the Dushan’s Code itself, the author illuminates from the perspective of the application of the institution of relation, as well as of related procedural institutions, in the first instance of supplication, in Byzantine law and the practice of the Byzantine ruler's court. Since the ruler appropriates a significant part of the judicial power through the relation, the regulation of Article 181 of the Dushan’s Code is analyzed by comparison with other articles of the Code, which, on the one hand, broaden, and on the other, narrow the possibilities of the ruler’s interference with the regular course of court proceedings. The role that the ruler played in the judiciary under the Dushan’s Code can only be objectively judged when the provisions of the Dushan’s Code of relation and supplication are compared with similar regulations in other Slavic laws. Therefore, the paper compares the relevant regulations of the Dushan’s Code with those of the relation and supplication of Moscow and Lithuanian-Russian law.
本文分析了《独山法典》第181条对因案件事实复杂或法律存在漏洞而由普通法院移送至统治者法院的案件中统治者审判权的规定。在本文的第一部分,作者介绍了一些最重要的评论家对《独山法典》的看法,这些观点的不同取决于他们是否将《独山法典》第181条所述的机构定义为关系或上诉。笔者从关系制度以及相关程序制度在一审恳求中的适用、在拜占庭法律中的适用以及拜占庭统治者法院的实践等方面,对这些论点以及《独山法典》第181条的内容进行了阐释。由于统治者通过这种关系占有了相当一部分司法权,本文通过与《独山法典》其他条文的比较来分析《独山法典》第181条的规定,一方面扩大了统治者干预法院正常诉讼过程的可能性,另一方面又缩小了统治者干预法院正常诉讼过程的可能性。只有将《独山法典》中有关关系和恳求的规定与其他斯拉夫法律中的类似规定进行比较,才能客观地判断《独山法典》中统治者在司法中的作用。因此,本文将独山法典的相关规定与莫斯科法和立陶宛-俄罗斯法的关系和适用进行比较。
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引用次数: 0
FORMA UGOVORA O POKLONU
Pub Date : 2019-12-01 DOI: 10.46793/gp.1002.131b
Tijana Baćović
Donation contract is a formal agreement. In order to be valid, donation contract must be completed in regulated form by law. The formalism of donations represents a big departure from the principle of consensus, as a dominant principle of modern agreement law. In the Republic of Srpska, by the proclamation of a law on notaries, for donation contract, the form of a notarized document is envisaged, as an important, constitutive form, whose deficiency makes the contract ineffective. The purpose of the notary form of donation contract is that legal relations are regulated in a way to avoid disputes and to provide guarantees of the highest degree of legal certainty. Given that this form has been prescribed by the legislator for the purpose of protecting the public interest, in the absence of the contract, the contract is inevitably affected by nullity, without the possibility of convalidation. However, when it comes to the donation of moving things, the lack of notarial forms in this case is replaced by the execution of the promised act. In this elaborat, we will use the normative and comparative method, in order to determine the similarities and differences in the regulation of the same issues in different legal systems.
捐赠合同是一种正式的协议。赠与合同必须以法律规定的形式订立,才能生效。赠与的形式主义与作为现代协议法主导原则的共识原则有很大的背离。在斯普斯卡共和国,通过一项关于捐赠合同公证法的公告,设想公证文件的形式是一种重要的构成形式,它的不足使合同无效。赠与合同公证形式的目的是对法律关系进行规范,以避免纠纷,并提供最高程度的法律确定性保证。鉴于这种形式是立法者为了保护公共利益而规定的,在没有合同的情况下,合同不可避免地受到无效的影响,没有确认的可能。然而,当涉及到移动物品的捐赠时,在这种情况下,公证表格的缺乏被承诺行为的执行所取代。在本文的阐述中,我们将采用规范和比较的方法,以确定不同法系对同一问题的规制的异同。
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引用次数: 0
KARAKTERISTIKE PRAVNIH LEKOVA, POSEBNO U PARNIČNOM POSTUPKU I KROZ POLOŽAJ UMEŠAČA
Pub Date : 2019-12-01 DOI: 10.46793/gp.1002.091c
Jelena Čanović
In domestic civil procedural law, the legal nature of legal remedies, the reasons for legal security, as well as need for providing judicial protection within a reasonable time have led to rationalization of the legal remedy system through multiple restrictions. The paper highlights these restrictions regarding their number, contestable decisions, deadlines within which they can be declared, the circle of persons authorized to file them, the scope of rebuttal, reasons for filing, etc. The characteristics of legal remedies, as well as the assumptions for their declaration are analyzed in this paper, considering that these characteristics and assumption represent the basis for formulating different criteria according to which numerous classifications of legal remedies have been made, which also have practical and doctrinal importance. While the general characteristics of legal remedies derive from their legal nature, the Civil Procedure Act regulates the specific characteristics of each envisaged legal remedy. The analysis of the characteristics of remedies is deepened by monitoring the procedural position of the intervener in the stages of the procedure initiated with filing of regular and extraordinary remedies. In this context, certain controversial issues have been identified to which theory and practice have not answered, or on which they have not taken a unified position.
在国内民事诉讼法中,法律救济的法律性质、法律保障的理由以及在合理时间内提供司法保护的需要,使得法律救济制度在多重限制下趋于合理化。本文强调了这些限制,包括它们的数量、可争议的决定、可以宣布的截止日期、授权提交它们的人的圈子、反驳的范围、提交的理由等。本文分析了法律救济的特征及其声明的假设,认为这些特征和假设是制定不同标准的基础,并据此对法律救济进行了许多分类,具有实践和理论意义。虽然法律救济的一般特征源于其法律性质,但《民事诉讼法》规定了每一种设想的法律救济的具体特征。通过监测干预者在以提交常规和非常补救措施开始的程序阶段中的程序地位,加深了对补救措施特征的分析。在这方面,已经确定了一些有争议的问题,理论和实践没有回答这些问题,或者他们没有采取统一的立场。
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引用次数: 0
INDIVIDUALIZACIJA KAZNE PREMA FRANCUSKOM KRIVIČNOM ZAKONIKU OD 1810. GODINE 1810. Godine
Pub Date : 2019-12-01 DOI: 10.46793/gp.1002.051m
Milica Marinković
The subject of this paper is the individualization of penalty in the French Penal code of (Code pénal de 1810). It is a Code that brought a very important innovation in comparative legal history – a relative system of penal determination – that will be crucial for further development of system of penal determination. Thereto, the French Penal code of 1810 had the greatest influence in the development of European substantive criminal law, because the whole array of penal codes, from the Prussian to the Serbian Criminal code of 1860, adopted its solutions. The author analyses the multi-decade process of development of the idea and practice of the individualization of criminal punishment in French criminal law, starting from the complete judicial arbitrariness that characterized pre-Revolutionary law to the absolute system of penal determination brought by the Penal code of 1791, and from the absolute system to relative system of penal determination present in the Penal code of 1810. The author shows that the innovation from 1810 actually represents a sui generis synthesis of the various experiences gained over decades of application of previously mentioned forms of penal determination. Special attention is paid to the problem of judicial individualization of penalty between penal minimum and maximum established by the Penal code of 1810. Although the relative system of penal determination enabled the individualization of penalty by reconciling it with the principle of legality, the start of the implementation of the Penal code of 1810 brought up some weak points of this system. In regard to that, the author analyses the statistics of convictions made by French courts in second and third decade of the 19th century. At last, the research of the problem of individualization of penalty in the Penal code of 1810 the author complete by analyzing the Penal code Reform Bills of 1824 and 1832, that introduced the institute of extenuating circumstances as one of the instruments for the individualization of penalty.
本文以1810年《法国刑法典》中刑罚的个体化为研究对象。这部法典带来了比较法制史上一项非常重要的创新——刑罚确定制度,这对刑罚确定制度的进一步发展至关重要。在这方面,1810年的《法国刑法典》对欧洲实体刑法的发展影响最大,因为从普鲁士刑法典到1860年塞尔维亚刑法典的所有刑法典都采用了它的解决办法。作者分析了法国刑法刑罚个别化思想和实践几十年的发展过程,从大革命前的完全司法任意性到1791年《刑法典》带来的刑罚确定的绝对制度,再到1810年《刑法典》所呈现的刑罚确定的绝对制度到相对制度。作者指出,1810年以来的这一创新实际上是对几十年来应用上述刑罚确定形式所获得的各种经验的独特综合。特别关注1810年《刑法典》规定的最低刑罚和最高刑罚之间的司法个别化问题。尽管相对的刑罚确定制度通过与合法性原则相协调而使刑罚的个别化成为可能,但1810年《刑法》实施的开始也暴露了这一制度的一些弱点。对此,作者分析了19世纪第二和第三个十年法国法院的定罪统计数据。最后,通过对1824年和1832年《刑法改革法案》的分析,完成了对1810年《刑法》中刑罚个别化问题的研究,其中引入了减刑情节制度作为刑罚个别化的手段之一。
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引用次数: 0
DEMOKRATIJA U ERI POSTSUVERENOSTI
Pub Date : 2019-12-01 DOI: 10.46793/gp.1002.147s
Dejan Simić
In this paper, the scope and boundaries of democracy in the era of globalization and restructuring of the state-legal order will be explored, in particular the citical review of globalizared democracy and its extension beyond the borders of the nation and the state. Teached by the literary-scientific understanding of the acquired truths and knowledhe, and initiated by the rational and logical observation of contemporary society, is the vision of post- pesusasion and democracy, trying to introduce as much as possible authorial and authentic. The democracy of the national state is impoverished, limited and ineffective, normative, and democracy outside the state and nation, ncomplete, unearlistic, elitist, is not representative and does not repect the special interests of many countries and nations. Globalist imperatives of power and the impressive, vigorus interset of imperialism in politics ruin democracy at a global level, not only in coutries that mumble democratic norms, procurements and practices, but also in coutries that present as a global, unproblematic, model od democracy.
本文将探讨全球化时代民主的范围和边界以及国家法律秩序的重构,特别是对全球化民主及其超越民族和国家边界的延伸进行批判性审查。文学以科学的理解所获得的真理和知识为指导,以理性和逻辑的观察当代社会为出发点,是后说服和民主的视野,试图引入尽可能多的作者性和真实性。民族国家的民主是贫困的、有限的、无效的、规范性的,而国家和民族之外的民主是不完整的、不早期主义的、精英主义的,不具有代表性,不尊重许多国家和民族的特殊利益。全球主义对权力的要求和帝国主义对政治的强烈兴趣在全球范围内破坏了民主,不仅在那些民主规范、采购和实践含糊不清的国家,而且在那些以全球、毫无问题的民主模式出现的国家。
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引用次数: 0
LIŠENjE SLOBODE MALOLETNIH MIGRANATA SA I BEZ PRATNjE PREMA STAVOVIMA EVROPSKOG SUDA ZA LjUDSKA PRAVA
Pub Date : 2019-12-01 DOI: 10.46793/gp.1002.017t
Veljko Turanjanin
The author deals with the one of the most problematic issues of the migrant crisis, namely the deprivation of liberty of a unaccompanied migrant minor in his or her migrant journey. The situation of migrants in the crisis that has hit Europe is not easy in itself, but it is made even more difficult by the fact that children often travel with adult migrants, and the most difficult aspect of this phenomenon is certainly unaccompanied migrant children. The countries most affected by the influx of unaccompanied children are Greece and Malta. Article 5 of the European Convention on Human Rights and Fundamental Freedoms lays down the grounds on which a person may be deprived of his liberty, and in recent years the European Court of Human Rights has elaborated in detail the basis for ordering detention of migrants. The author has paid the greatest attention to the views of this Court when it comes to unaccompanied migrant children analyzing all the judgments rendered by July 2019, and the difficulty of their position is sufficiently illustrated by the fact that the Court found violations of convention rights in all judgments in their deprivation of liberty.
作者论述了移徙危机中最有问题的问题之一,即无人陪伴的未成年移徙者在其移徙旅程中被剥夺自由。在打击欧洲的危机中,移民的处境本身并不容易,但儿童经常与成年移民一起旅行这一事实使其更加困难,而这一现象中最困难的方面当然是无人陪伴的移民儿童。受无人陪伴儿童涌入影响最大的国家是希腊和马耳他。《欧洲人权和基本自由公约》第5条规定了剥夺一个人自由的理由,近年来,欧洲人权法院详细阐述了下令拘留移徙者的依据。提交人对本院在分析截至2019年7月的所有判决时对无人陪伴移民儿童的看法给予了极大的关注,本院在剥夺儿童自由的所有判决中都认定侵犯了《公约》权利,这一事实充分说明了本院立场的困难。
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引用次数: 0
DISKVALIFIKACIJA ČLANA UPRAVE PRIVREDNOG DRUŠTVA: NOVA SANKCIJA ZA POVREDU DUŽNOSTI PRIJAVLjIVANjA POSLOVA I RADNjI SA LIČNIM INTERESOM U SRPSKOM PRAVU
Pub Date : 2019-12-01 DOI: 10.46793/gp.1002.081m
B. Mihajlović
Amendments and supplements of the Serbian Company Law from June 2018 have significantly influenced the duty to report businesses and acts in which exists personal interest, which represents one of the five special duties towards the company, according to the Serbian company law. One of the major novelties in the legal regulation of the duty to report concerns the legal consequences of the breach of this duty, which become more stringent to some of the subjects of this duty. The breach of the duty to report conducted by a director, member of supervisory board, agent, or procurator of the company, according to mentioned amendments of the Serbian Company Law from 2018, has a new form of status liability – disqualification. The subject of this paper is a short analysis of the legal regulation of disqualification of certain subjects of special duties towards the company, in the case of breach of the duty to report businesses and acts in which exists personal interest. Prior to the analysis of the current legal regulation, the author will briefly turn to the remaining consequences of the breach of the duty to report (civil and criminal), as well as to the notion and types of disqualification in the comparative law, aiming to determine the position of disqualification comparing to the remaining legal consequences of the breach of the duty to report, and to some more important comparative solutions.
自2018年6月起,《塞尔维亚公司法》的修订和补充对报告涉及个人利益的业务和行为的义务产生了重大影响,根据《塞尔维亚公司法》,这是对公司的五项特殊义务之一。关于报告义务的法律规定的一个主要新奇之处涉及违反这一义务的法律后果,对这一义务的某些主体来说,法律后果变得更加严格。根据2018年《塞尔维亚公司法》的上述修正案,公司董事、监事会成员、代理人或检察官违反报告义务的行为有一种新的身份责任形式——取消资格。本文的主题是简要分析在违反业务报告义务和存在个人利益行为的情况下,某些对公司负有特殊义务的主体被取消资格的法律规定。在对现行法律规制进行分析之前,笔者将简要地转向违反举报义务的剩余后果(民事和刑事),以及比较法中取消资格的概念和类型,旨在确定取消资格相对于违反举报义务的剩余法律后果的地位,并提出一些更重要的比较解决方案。
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引用次数: 0
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Glasnik prava
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