Pub Date : 1987-12-01DOI: 10.1109/irmm.1987.9127044
R. Lees, I. Mukhopadhyay, J. Johns
Assignments are discussed for optically-pumped CH3OH FIR laser lines originating from transitions in other than pure C-0 stretch states. The assignments are confirmed by formation of closed combination loops of measured frequencies, or are supported by direct FTFIR spectral observations for refilling transitions.
{"title":"Assignments of fir laser lines from non-co-stretch states of CH3OH","authors":"R. Lees, I. Mukhopadhyay, J. Johns","doi":"10.1109/irmm.1987.9127044","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/irmm.1987.9127044","url":null,"abstract":"Assignments are discussed for optically-pumped CH3OH FIR laser lines originating from transitions in other than pure C-0 stretch states. The assignments are confirmed by formation of closed combination loops of measured frequencies, or are supported by direct FTFIR spectral observations for refilling transitions.","PeriodicalId":399243,"journal":{"name":"1987 Twelth International Conference on Infrared and Millimeter Waves","volume":"7 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1987-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"117131921","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1987-12-01DOI: 10.1109/irmm.1987.9127001
T. Nanba, M. Ikezawa, I. Shirotani, H. Inokuchi
Black phosphorus, which is the most stable allotropic modification of phosphorus, is a semiconductor with a narrow-band gap of 0.3 eV [1]. The crystal is composed of puckered layers of atoms and belongs to an orthorhombic crystal structure (D2h1e). The structure of the puckered layer is schematically shown in Fig. la with a cartesian coordinate. According to its crystal symmetry, two infrared active phonon modes, i.e. B1u and B3u modes, are predicted to exist at the F point of the Brillouin zone [2]. Although black phosphorus possesses no permanent dipole moment because four atoms in the primitive unit cell are the same, it has been pointed out by a theoretical work [2] that an effective dipole moment will be induced by the atomic displacement according to each infrared active mode. The induced dipole moment due to the B3u mode is directed along the z-axis of the crystal and that due to the B1u mode along the x-axis. The lattice vibration according to the B1u mode is drawn in Fig. 1b. The B3u phonon mode was observed at 470 cm−1 by infrared absorption [3, 4] and reflection measurements [5] and the direction of its induced dipole moment was confirmed to lie in the direction of the z-axis of the crystal. Up to now, on the other hand, a quantitative measurement on the B1u mode has not been done. Sugai and Shirotani [53 made first a reflection measurement at the room temperature in the far-infrared region and observed a sharp peak which was assigned to the B1u phonon mode. However, a quantitative analysis was not given because of the difficulty of a precise measurement of the reflectivity on a small solid specimen in this region.
{"title":"Anisotropic reflectivity of black phosphorus in the far-infrared region","authors":"T. Nanba, M. Ikezawa, I. Shirotani, H. Inokuchi","doi":"10.1109/irmm.1987.9127001","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/irmm.1987.9127001","url":null,"abstract":"Black phosphorus, which is the most stable allotropic modification of phosphorus, is a semiconductor with a narrow-band gap of 0.3 eV [1]. The crystal is composed of puckered layers of atoms and belongs to an orthorhombic crystal structure (D2h1e). The structure of the puckered layer is schematically shown in Fig. la with a cartesian coordinate. According to its crystal symmetry, two infrared active phonon modes, i.e. B1u and B3u modes, are predicted to exist at the F point of the Brillouin zone [2]. Although black phosphorus possesses no permanent dipole moment because four atoms in the primitive unit cell are the same, it has been pointed out by a theoretical work [2] that an effective dipole moment will be induced by the atomic displacement according to each infrared active mode. The induced dipole moment due to the B3u mode is directed along the z-axis of the crystal and that due to the B1u mode along the x-axis. The lattice vibration according to the B1u mode is drawn in Fig. 1b. The B3u phonon mode was observed at 470 cm−1 by infrared absorption [3, 4] and reflection measurements [5] and the direction of its induced dipole moment was confirmed to lie in the direction of the z-axis of the crystal. Up to now, on the other hand, a quantitative measurement on the B1u mode has not been done. Sugai and Shirotani [53 made first a reflection measurement at the room temperature in the far-infrared region and observed a sharp peak which was assigned to the B1u phonon mode. However, a quantitative analysis was not given because of the difficulty of a precise measurement of the reflectivity on a small solid specimen in this region.","PeriodicalId":399243,"journal":{"name":"1987 Twelth International Conference on Infrared and Millimeter Waves","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1987-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"129137046","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1987-12-01DOI: 10.1109/irmm.1987.9126954
D. Butler, E. Chauchard, K. J. Webb, K. Zaki, Chi H. Lee, P. Polak-Dingels, H. Hung, H. Huang
Using picosecond photoconductors switched by a mode-locked laser along with filters and amplifiers, we were able to create an optically-synchronized 20 GHz wave.
利用锁模激光开关的皮秒光导体以及滤波器和放大器，我们能够创建一个光同步的20 GHz波。
{"title":"A new optoelectronic continuous wave millimeter-wave source","authors":"D. Butler, E. Chauchard, K. J. Webb, K. Zaki, Chi H. Lee, P. Polak-Dingels, H. Hung, H. Huang","doi":"10.1109/irmm.1987.9126954","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/irmm.1987.9126954","url":null,"abstract":"Using picosecond photoconductors switched by a mode-locked laser along with filters and amplifiers, we were able to create an optically-synchronized 20 GHz wave.","PeriodicalId":399243,"journal":{"name":"1987 Twelth International Conference on Infrared and Millimeter Waves","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1987-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130466408","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1987-12-01DOI: 10.1109/irmm.1987.9126992
M. Buckley, G. Luo, R. Vernon
New shorter, broader bandwidth designs are discussed for TE03-TE02 and TE02-TE01 varying-radius mode converters and TE01-TE11 serpentine mode converters for a 2.779 cm diameter circular waveguide at 60 and 140 GHz. Designs combining TEon-TEon-1 converters and a 6.35–2.779 cm taper are also presented.
{"title":"New compact quasi-periodic and aperiodic mode converters for 60 and 140 GHz gyrotrons","authors":"M. Buckley, G. Luo, R. Vernon","doi":"10.1109/irmm.1987.9126992","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/irmm.1987.9126992","url":null,"abstract":"New shorter, broader bandwidth designs are discussed for TE<inf>03</inf>-TE<inf>02</inf> and TE<inf>02</inf>-TE<inf>01</inf> varying-radius mode converters and TE<inf>01</inf>-TE<inf>11</inf> serpentine mode converters for a 2.779 cm diameter circular waveguide at 60 and 140 GHz. Designs combining TE<inf>on</inf>-TE<inf>on-1</inf> converters and a 6.35–2.779 cm taper are also presented.","PeriodicalId":399243,"journal":{"name":"1987 Twelth International Conference on Infrared and Millimeter Waves","volume":"4 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1987-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"127988400","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1987-12-01DOI: 10.1109/irmm.1987.9126900
A. Räisänen, T. Tolmunen
A frequency multiplier combined with a fundamental solid state oscillator is an attractive choice for the local oscillator of a low noise mm- or submm-receiver in space applications. A Schottky diode in the varactor mode provides the best multiplier element up to 500 GHz and in the varistor mode from 500 to 800 GHz. At 100 GHz efficiencies as high as 45 % for a doubler and 28 % for a tripler have been demonstrated experimentally at the Helsinki University of Technology. A stacked GaAs p-n varactor and a GaAs resonant tunneling (quantum well) diode are new interesting multiplication elements for mm-waves.
{"title":"Development of high efficiency frequency multipliers","authors":"A. Räisänen, T. Tolmunen","doi":"10.1109/irmm.1987.9126900","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/irmm.1987.9126900","url":null,"abstract":"A frequency multiplier combined with a fundamental solid state oscillator is an attractive choice for the local oscillator of a low noise mm- or submm-receiver in space applications. A Schottky diode in the varactor mode provides the best multiplier element up to 500 GHz and in the varistor mode from 500 to 800 GHz. At 100 GHz efficiencies as high as 45 % for a doubler and 28 % for a tripler have been demonstrated experimentally at the Helsinki University of Technology. A stacked GaAs p-n varactor and a GaAs resonant tunneling (quantum well) diode are new interesting multiplication elements for mm-waves.","PeriodicalId":399243,"journal":{"name":"1987 Twelth International Conference on Infrared and Millimeter Waves","volume":"99 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1987-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"131757927","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1987-12-01DOI: 10.1109/IRMM.1987.9127021
Patrizia Carnesecchi, G. Moruzzi, F. Strumia
The recent development of high resolution techniques in the far infrared (FIR), based on the optically pumped molecular laser, allows very precise frequency measurements in the spectral region between 10 μm and 2 mm, which is extremely interesting for molecular spectroscopy.
{"title":"“Complex” molecular spectra and the physics of the molecule: The case of methanol","authors":"Patrizia Carnesecchi, G. Moruzzi, F. Strumia","doi":"10.1109/IRMM.1987.9127021","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/IRMM.1987.9127021","url":null,"abstract":"The recent development of high resolution techniques in the far infrared (FIR), based on the optically pumped molecular laser, allows very precise frequency measurements in the spectral region between 10 μm and 2 mm, which is extremely interesting for molecular spectroscopy.","PeriodicalId":399243,"journal":{"name":"1987 Twelth International Conference on Infrared and Millimeter Waves","volume":"17 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1987-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"126388413","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1987-12-01DOI: 10.1109/irmm.1987.9127005
T. Hargreaves, M. Barsanti, R. Fischer, J. Burke, A. Fliflet, W. Manheimer
The design of a 110 GHz, 100 kw gyrotron is presented. The setup is very flexible, allowing for the easy study of many different resonator configurations. Resonant cavities with different longitudinal mode spacing (7% ≥ Δf/f ≥ 0.5%) will be tested, as well as cavities having different electromagnetic radiation waist lengths (ro = 0.6,1.2 cm). This experiment has been assembled and data is currently being collected.
{"title":"The nrl quasi-optical gyrotron experiment","authors":"T. Hargreaves, M. Barsanti, R. Fischer, J. Burke, A. Fliflet, W. Manheimer","doi":"10.1109/irmm.1987.9127005","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/irmm.1987.9127005","url":null,"abstract":"The design of a 110 GHz, 100 kw gyrotron is presented. The setup is very flexible, allowing for the easy study of many different resonator configurations. Resonant cavities with different longitudinal mode spacing (7% ≥ Δf/f ≥ 0.5%) will be tested, as well as cavities having different electromagnetic radiation waist lengths (ro = 0.6,1.2 cm). This experiment has been assembled and data is currently being collected.","PeriodicalId":399243,"journal":{"name":"1987 Twelth International Conference on Infrared and Millimeter Waves","volume":"13 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1987-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"122154506","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1987-12-01DOI: 10.1109/irmm.1987.9127073
B. W. Davis, A. Vass
The previously reported efficient FIR lines in CH2F2 at 184 and 214 microns have been shown to operate with cascade transitions. The resultant efficiency of these lines will be discussed. An experimental and theoretical discussion will be presented.
{"title":"Efficiency of CH2F2 laser lines at 184 and 214 micron operating with cascade transitions","authors":"B. W. Davis, A. Vass","doi":"10.1109/irmm.1987.9127073","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/irmm.1987.9127073","url":null,"abstract":"The previously reported efficient FIR lines in CH2F2 at 184 and 214 microns have been shown to operate with cascade transitions. The resultant efficiency of these lines will be discussed. An experimental and theoretical discussion will be presented.","PeriodicalId":399243,"journal":{"name":"1987 Twelth International Conference on Infrared and Millimeter Waves","volume":"28 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1987-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"126063708","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1987-12-01DOI: 10.1109/IRMM.1987.9127007
G. Dohler, D. Gallagher, F. Scafuri, R. Moats
This paper presents experimental results for traditional peniotron devices operating in the mm-wave frequency range, using a unique electron gun and a new technique to fabricate quadruple ridge waveguides. More than 300 W of amplified output power with 17-dB gain was measured with such a device at 45 GHz, and 750 W of output power was observed when operated as an oscillator.
{"title":"Peniotrons at mm-wave frequencies","authors":"G. Dohler, D. Gallagher, F. Scafuri, R. Moats","doi":"10.1109/IRMM.1987.9127007","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/IRMM.1987.9127007","url":null,"abstract":"This paper presents experimental results for traditional peniotron devices operating in the mm-wave frequency range, using a unique electron gun and a new technique to fabricate quadruple ridge waveguides. More than 300 W of amplified output power with 17-dB gain was measured with such a device at 45 GHz, and 750 W of output power was observed when operated as an oscillator.","PeriodicalId":399243,"journal":{"name":"1987 Twelth International Conference on Infrared and Millimeter Waves","volume":"2 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1987-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"123855647","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1987-12-01DOI: 10.1109/IRMM.1987.9127012
Si-fan Li, A. Rong
A new type of millimeter wave integrated directional couplers is presented. It is constructed by a series of E-plane fins and slots the lengthes of which are optimized. The design is based on the scattering matrix considering the effects of the thickness of fins and high order mode interactions at the step discontinuities. The calculated performance of two integrated couplers at Ka- and W-band are given.
{"title":"A new type of millimeter wave integrated directional couplers","authors":"Si-fan Li, A. Rong","doi":"10.1109/IRMM.1987.9127012","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/IRMM.1987.9127012","url":null,"abstract":"A new type of millimeter wave integrated directional couplers is presented. It is constructed by a series of E-plane fins and slots the lengthes of which are optimized. The design is based on the scattering matrix considering the effects of the thickness of fins and high order mode interactions at the step discontinuities. The calculated performance of two integrated couplers at Ka- and W-band are given.","PeriodicalId":399243,"journal":{"name":"1987 Twelth International Conference on Infrared and Millimeter Waves","volume":"50 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1987-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"124974267","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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