Fabiana Ventura, M. Jesus, César S. Mendes, Carla Silva
Introduction: Approximately 47% of patients with Schizophrenia have criteria for a dual diagnosis. The consumption of illicit substances, particularly cannabis, is quite prevalent in these patients, being associated with an increase in mortality and morbidity and worse social outcomes. This study aims to understand the relationship between Schizophrenia and substance use disorders (SUD). Material and methods: A retrospective study was designed, including patients diagnosed with schizophrenia admitted to the Psychiatric Ward between January 2017 and June 2019. Results: 205 patients were included, 49 women (23.9%) and 156 men (76.1%). Of these, 29.1% consumed psychoactive substances at the first hospitalization, mainly cannabis (24.1%), with higher prevalence in men. The average age at the first admission was significantly lower for substance users than for non-users. The presence of consumption in the first hospitalization, the number of hospitalizations and treatment adherence were associated with the maintenance of consumption after the first hospitalization. The presence of consumption at the first hospitalization is a significant predictor of its maintenance. Patients who do not adhere to treatment were more likely to maintain consumption. The number of future hospitalizations was associated with early age at the first hospitalization, non-compliance to treatment and maintenance of consumption after the first hospitalization. Conclusions: We verify that the consumption of psychoactive substances is associated with the early age at the first hospitalization, whit the reduced compliance to treatment and the increased number of hospitalizations. Comorbid substance use disorders should be treated as early as possible to minimize the long-term effects of substance use on patients with schizophrenia in Dual Diagnosis programs.
{"title":"Schizophrenia and substance use disorder: a retrospective study of a dual diagnosis patients cohort","authors":"Fabiana Ventura, M. Jesus, César S. Mendes, Carla Silva","doi":"10.5603/psych.2021.0021","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5603/psych.2021.0021","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction: Approximately 47% of patients with Schizophrenia have criteria for a dual diagnosis. The consumption of illicit substances, particularly cannabis, is quite prevalent in these patients, being associated with an increase in mortality and morbidity and worse social outcomes. This study aims to understand the relationship between Schizophrenia and substance use disorders (SUD). Material and methods: A retrospective study was designed, including patients diagnosed with schizophrenia admitted to the Psychiatric Ward between January 2017 and June 2019. Results: 205 patients were included, 49 women (23.9%) and 156 men (76.1%). Of these, 29.1% consumed psychoactive substances at the first hospitalization, mainly cannabis (24.1%), with higher prevalence in men. The average age at the first admission was significantly lower for substance users than for non-users. The presence of consumption in the first hospitalization, the number of hospitalizations and treatment adherence were associated with the maintenance of consumption after the first hospitalization. The presence of consumption at the first hospitalization is a significant predictor of its maintenance. Patients who do not adhere to treatment were more likely to maintain consumption. The number of future hospitalizations was associated with early age at the first hospitalization, non-compliance to treatment and maintenance of consumption after the first hospitalization. Conclusions: We verify that the consumption of psychoactive substances is associated with the early age at the first hospitalization, whit the reduced compliance to treatment and the increased number of hospitalizations. Comorbid substance use disorders should be treated as early as possible to minimize the long-term effects of substance use on patients with schizophrenia in Dual Diagnosis programs.","PeriodicalId":39960,"journal":{"name":"Psychiatria","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-07-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44541325","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-06-29DOI: 10.5603/psych.a2021.0027
Karolina Michałowska, Emil Bartosz Rozenek, Alicja Cichocka, Bogumiła Szewczak, B. Król, N. Waszkiewicz
Schizophrenia is a mental disorder with a complex etiopathogenesis explained by several still developing theories. Knowledge of these theories can matter when choosing the right treatment, because it increases the chance of therapeutic success. Various strategies are currently being developed so that we can, to some extent, adapt therapy to the individual needs of patients and, thus, optimize the therapeutic effect and minimize side effects. The issue of personalization of therapy translates into better cooperation between the doctor and the patient. The involvement of both parts in the treatment process, as in the treatment of other mental disorders, is crucial for its effectiveness. The therapeutic methods that we have at our disposal are still not producing satisfactory results in reducing the negative symptoms or cognitive disorders that occur in schizophrenia. Currently, not only the development of psychiatry but also development of certain branches of science related to medicine, such as pharmacogenetics and molecular biology, can contribute to achieving satisfactory research results. It therefore seems reasonable to seek new treatment strategies. A brief presentation of the most promising therapeutic methods is the aim of this literature review. It covers pharmacological treatment (cariprazine, lurasidone, lumateperone, paliperidone), transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS), psychotherapy and cognitive enhancement therapy (CET). The issue of pharmacogenetics of schizophrenia was also raised.
{"title":"Omówienie wybranych metod współczesnej terapii schizofrenii","authors":"Karolina Michałowska, Emil Bartosz Rozenek, Alicja Cichocka, Bogumiła Szewczak, B. Król, N. Waszkiewicz","doi":"10.5603/psych.a2021.0027","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5603/psych.a2021.0027","url":null,"abstract":"Schizophrenia is a mental disorder with a complex etiopathogenesis explained by several still developing theories. Knowledge of these theories can matter when choosing the right treatment, because it increases the chance of therapeutic success. Various strategies are currently being developed so that we can, to some extent, adapt therapy to the individual needs of patients and, thus, optimize the therapeutic effect and minimize side effects. The issue of personalization of therapy translates into better cooperation between the doctor and the patient. The involvement of both parts in the treatment process, as in the treatment of other mental disorders, is crucial for its effectiveness. \u0000The therapeutic methods that we have at our disposal are still not producing satisfactory results in reducing the negative symptoms or cognitive disorders that occur in schizophrenia. Currently, not only the development of psychiatry but also development of certain branches of science related to medicine, such as pharmacogenetics and molecular biology, can contribute to achieving satisfactory research results. It therefore seems reasonable to seek new treatment strategies. A brief presentation of the most promising therapeutic methods is the aim of this literature review. It covers pharmacological treatment (cariprazine, lurasidone, lumateperone, paliperidone), transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS), psychotherapy and cognitive enhancement therapy (CET). The issue of pharmacogenetics of schizophrenia was also raised.","PeriodicalId":39960,"journal":{"name":"Psychiatria","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-06-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41779945","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-06-24DOI: 10.5603/psych.a2021.0025
J. Przybyła
The article discusses the relationship between psychology and the theory of evolution. Particular attention was paid to those parts of psychological reflection that deal with topics that are also the area of interest of neuroscience. The article tries to show how the theory of evolution and its references to it, by searching for the adaptive function (or its breakdowns), in various phenomena, can constitute a platform for dialogue and understanding between psychology and neuroscience. It also shows which particular spheres of phenomena in the field of psychology and psychopathology are the subject of interest of all three fields of knowledge: psychology, neurobiology and evolutionary biology. In the opinion of the author of the article, the field of psychology that deals with these spheres both in theory and in therapeutic practice is psychodynamic psychotherapy and psychodynamic psychology.
{"title":"Zastosowanie teorii ewolucji w obszarze psychoterapii","authors":"J. Przybyła","doi":"10.5603/psych.a2021.0025","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5603/psych.a2021.0025","url":null,"abstract":"The article discusses the relationship between psychology and the theory of evolution. Particular attention was paid to those parts of psychological reflection that deal with topics that are also the area of interest of neuroscience. The article tries to show how the theory of evolution and its references to it, by searching for the adaptive function (or its breakdowns), in various phenomena, can constitute a platform for dialogue and understanding between psychology and neuroscience. It also shows which particular spheres of phenomena in the field of psychology and psychopathology are the subject of interest of all three fields of knowledge: psychology, neurobiology and evolutionary biology. In the opinion of the author of the article, the field of psychology that deals with these spheres both in theory and in therapeutic practice is psychodynamic psychotherapy and psychodynamic psychology.","PeriodicalId":39960,"journal":{"name":"Psychiatria","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-06-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48434239","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-06-24DOI: 10.5603/psych.a2021.0026
Alicja Cichocka, Emil Bartosz Rozenek, Karolina Michałowska, Bogumiła Szewczak, N. Waszkiewicz
Esketamine opens a new chapter in treatment-resistant depression. It is used more and more often, because the therapeutic methods used so far do not provide fully satisfactory results. This article is a review of the most important information regarding the efficacy of esketamine and according to fighting depression and its influence on the glutamate system. The review also contains a short description of the most common adverse events, including the research of different stages of therapy on which they can appear. It turns out that appropriate influence on the glutamate system reduces symptoms of depression. Intranasal administration of esketamine quickly improves the condition of patients with treatment-resistant depression and reduces the risk of suicide. Long-term studies are still going on and their results should provide necessary information for improvement of this therapeutic method for treatment-resistant depression.
{"title":"Znaczenie esketaminy w leczeniu depresji lekoopornej. Czy okaże się lekiem przełomowym?","authors":"Alicja Cichocka, Emil Bartosz Rozenek, Karolina Michałowska, Bogumiła Szewczak, N. Waszkiewicz","doi":"10.5603/psych.a2021.0026","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5603/psych.a2021.0026","url":null,"abstract":"Esketamine opens a new chapter in treatment-resistant depression. It is used more and more often, because the therapeutic methods used so far do not provide fully satisfactory results. This article is a review of the most important information regarding the efficacy of esketamine and according to fighting depression and its influence on the glutamate system. The review also contains a short description of the most common adverse events, including the research of different stages of therapy on which they can appear. \u0000It turns out that appropriate influence on the glutamate system reduces symptoms of depression. Intranasal administration of esketamine quickly improves the condition of patients with treatment-resistant depression and reduces the risk of suicide. Long-term studies are still going on and their results should provide necessary information for improvement of this therapeutic method for treatment-resistant depression.","PeriodicalId":39960,"journal":{"name":"Psychiatria","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-06-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47371695","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-06-18DOI: 10.5603/PSYCH.A2021.0024
S. Murawiec, P. Tryjanowski, A. Nita
Introduction: The COVID-19 pandemic has changed many routines worldwide and has also affected the mental health of psychiatric patients and mental health professionals. One of the suggested methods for mental health improvement is more intensive contact with nature, including birdwatching as a hobby. Material and methods: After an ornithological walk in February 2021 for 5 psychiatrists and psychotherapists, in spite of unfavourable weather, all participants very positively evaluated the impact of birding on their well-being, mood and subjective evaluation of stress level. Results: Particularly important is an observation that the pandemic reality forced the whole society, including mental health professionals, to limit their behaviours and attitudes to very “adult” and responsible ones. Everyday life was reduced to functioning based on a very concrete approach to reality while abandoning activities that stimulate imagination (travels, theatre, arts). The ornithological walk allowed participants to abandon the pandemic reality and enter the space of playfulness, fantasies and childhood experiences. It enabled immersion in a friendly “mother-world” in which sensory perceptions proved to be important: smell, touch (“rush of air”), feeling of space. Birds were perceived not only as direct objects of observations but also as symbols of freedom, energy and lightness. Conclusions: Despite the small group size, ornithological walks are recommended as a nature-based intervention exerting a positive influence on the mental health of psychiatrists and psychotherapists. It is also believed to positively affect the management of their patients, although this and many other aspects require further research.
{"title":"An ornithological walk to improve the well-being of mental health professionals during the COVID-19 pandemic: a pilot study","authors":"S. Murawiec, P. Tryjanowski, A. Nita","doi":"10.5603/PSYCH.A2021.0024","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5603/PSYCH.A2021.0024","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction: The COVID-19 pandemic has changed many routines worldwide and has also affected the mental health of psychiatric patients and mental health professionals. One of the suggested methods for mental health improvement is more intensive contact with nature, including birdwatching as a hobby. Material and methods: After an ornithological walk in February 2021 for 5 psychiatrists and psychotherapists, in spite of unfavourable weather, all participants very positively evaluated the impact of birding on their well-being, mood and subjective evaluation of stress level. Results: Particularly important is an observation that the pandemic reality forced the whole society, including mental health professionals, to limit their behaviours and attitudes to very “adult” and responsible ones. Everyday life was reduced to functioning based on a very concrete approach to reality while abandoning activities that stimulate imagination (travels, theatre, arts). The ornithological walk allowed participants to abandon the pandemic reality and enter the space of playfulness, fantasies and childhood experiences. It enabled immersion in a friendly “mother-world” in which sensory perceptions proved to be important: smell, touch (“rush of air”), feeling of space. Birds were perceived not only as direct objects of observations but also as symbols of freedom, energy and lightness. Conclusions: Despite the small group size, ornithological walks are recommended as a nature-based intervention exerting a positive influence on the mental health of psychiatrists and psychotherapists. It is also believed to positively affect the management of their patients, although this and many other aspects require further research.","PeriodicalId":39960,"journal":{"name":"Psychiatria","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-06-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49437963","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-05-05DOI: 10.5603/PSYCH.A2021.0020
Patrycja Pabis, Joanna Smolarczyk-Kosowska, M. Piegza
This paper provides an overview of the impact the SARS-CoV-2 pandemic had on the schizophrenics and the course of their disease. We presented the factors increasing the risk of infection and mortality in these patients. We then focused on the means to reduce the risk of the relapse of schizophrenia, as well as on the assessment of stress level perceived in the study group. Furthermore, we analyzed the work-flow and organization of work in the institutionalized support facilities for patients suffering from schizophrenia. Additionally, we examined the pros and cons of using atypical drugs, clozapine in particular, in the schizophrenia treatment, and discussed the issue of telemedicine and long-distance medical advice, which proved vital in the times of the pandemic.
{"title":"Wpływ pandemii COVID-19 na przebieg schizofrenii – przegląd literatury","authors":"Patrycja Pabis, Joanna Smolarczyk-Kosowska, M. Piegza","doi":"10.5603/PSYCH.A2021.0020","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5603/PSYCH.A2021.0020","url":null,"abstract":"This paper provides an overview of the impact the SARS-CoV-2 pandemic had on the schizophrenics and the course of their disease. We presented the factors increasing the risk of infection and mortality in these patients. We then focused on the means to reduce the risk of the relapse of schizophrenia, as well as on the assessment of stress level perceived in the study group. Furthermore, we analyzed the work-flow and organization of work in the institutionalized support facilities for patients suffering from schizophrenia. Additionally, we examined the pros and cons of using atypical drugs, clozapine in particular, in the schizophrenia treatment, and discussed the issue of telemedicine and long-distance medical advice, which proved vital in the times of the pandemic.","PeriodicalId":39960,"journal":{"name":"Psychiatria","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-05-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47095894","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-03-25DOI: 10.5603/PSYCH.A2021.0016
H. Mosazadeh, A. Charkazi, Maryam Ahmadi-Livani, A. Nori, Arezoo Foroughi, A. Rahimi, M. Ghelichi-Ghojogh, E. Kalteh, Bagher Pahlavanzadeh, R. B. Ozouni-Davaji, A. Rajabi
The world is currently experiencing a pandemic of COVID-19. The pandemic can impact on physical health and psychological health. Therefore, we conducted a web based cross-sectional study to evaluate Fear of COVID-19 and preventive behaviors against COVID-19 in a volunteer population of Golestan province, Iran, in May and June 2020. An online questionnaire, including Fear of COVID-19 Scale (FCV-19S) and preventive behaviors against COVID-19, was used to evaluate fear and preventive behaviors in population. The data were presented by mean and frequency. Multiple linear regression analysis was performed to identify factors associated with Fear of COVID-19 at a significant level of 0.05 in Stata 14. A total of 734 of 900 contacted individuals completed the survey, with a participation rate of 81.5%. A total the mean age of the participants was 33.97±10.68 years and 375 (51.9%) females. The mean Fear of COVID-19 score in the participants was 19.69±5.96. There was a significant positive correlation between Fear of COVID-19 and preventive behaviors (r=0.19, p < 0.001). Multiple linear regression analysis showed participants with perceived threat of COVID-19 higher, female, married participants, health worker staffs and with underlying diseases in participants were associated with Fear of COVID-19. The fear of COVID-19 in Iranian society is high, which indicates the need to pay attention to the mental health in pandemic conditions. Appropriate interventions can be designed and implemented according to the factors affecting fear. In addition, it should be noted that people with less fear are less likely to observe the COVID 19's preventative behaviors. These findings would need to be verified in larger population studies.
{"title":"Association of fear of COVID-19 and preventive behaviors (PB) against COVID-19 in Iran","authors":"H. Mosazadeh, A. Charkazi, Maryam Ahmadi-Livani, A. Nori, Arezoo Foroughi, A. Rahimi, M. Ghelichi-Ghojogh, E. Kalteh, Bagher Pahlavanzadeh, R. B. Ozouni-Davaji, A. Rajabi","doi":"10.5603/PSYCH.A2021.0016","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5603/PSYCH.A2021.0016","url":null,"abstract":"The world is currently experiencing a pandemic of COVID-19. The pandemic can impact on physical health and psychological health. Therefore, we conducted a web based cross-sectional study to evaluate Fear of COVID-19 and preventive behaviors against COVID-19 in a volunteer population of Golestan province, Iran, in May and June 2020. An online questionnaire, including Fear of COVID-19 Scale (FCV-19S) and preventive behaviors against COVID-19, was used to evaluate fear and preventive behaviors in population. The data were presented by mean and frequency. Multiple linear regression analysis was performed to identify factors associated with Fear of COVID-19 at a significant level of 0.05 in Stata 14. A total of 734 of 900 contacted individuals completed the survey, with a participation rate of 81.5%. A total the mean age of the participants was 33.97±10.68 years and 375 (51.9%) females. The mean Fear of COVID-19 score in the participants was 19.69±5.96. There was a significant positive correlation between Fear of COVID-19 and preventive behaviors (r=0.19, p < 0.001). Multiple linear regression analysis showed participants with perceived threat of COVID-19 higher, female, married participants, health worker staffs and with underlying diseases in participants were associated with Fear of COVID-19. The fear of COVID-19 in Iranian society is high, which indicates the need to pay attention to the mental health in pandemic conditions. Appropriate interventions can be designed and implemented according to the factors affecting fear. In addition, it should be noted that people with less fear are less likely to observe the COVID 19's preventative behaviors. These findings would need to be verified in larger population studies.","PeriodicalId":39960,"journal":{"name":"Psychiatria","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-03-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44890760","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-02-18DOI: 10.5603/PSYCH.A2021.0002
A. Sterna, Władysław Sterna
There has occurred a significant change in psychotherapy for recent decades. Previously psychotherapy was mostly defined and conducted by men, nowadays in Poland, nearly 80% of psychotherapists are women. It can be seen as an indication of the ongoing feminization process. The authors are considering a possible impact of this change on the image of psychotherapy as well as on the way it is conducted. The „good patient” profile is analyzed to answer the question of whether it is becoming to be a women’s profile. Several reasons for this to occur are discussed — differences within the socialization process, defense mechanisms, and preferences for psychotherapy between men and women. In conclusion, a few clues for psychotherapists to consider were recommended.
{"title":"Psychoterapia: metoda leczenia prowadzona przez kobiety i dla kobiet? O zjawisku feminizacji w psychoterapii.","authors":"A. Sterna, Władysław Sterna","doi":"10.5603/PSYCH.A2021.0002","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5603/PSYCH.A2021.0002","url":null,"abstract":"There has occurred a significant change in psychotherapy for recent decades. Previously psychotherapy was mostly defined and conducted by men, nowadays in Poland, nearly 80% of psychotherapists are women. It can be seen as an indication of the ongoing feminization process. The authors are considering a possible impact of this change on the image of psychotherapy as well as on the way it is conducted. The „good patient” profile is analyzed to answer the question of whether it is becoming to be a women’s profile. Several reasons for this to occur are discussed — differences within the socialization process, defense mechanisms, and preferences for psychotherapy between men and women. In conclusion, a few clues for psychotherapists to consider were recommended.","PeriodicalId":39960,"journal":{"name":"Psychiatria","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-02-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43569724","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-12-28DOI: 10.5603/PSYCH.A2020.0052
A. Kielan, M. Jaworski, Anna Mosiołek, Ł. Święcicki, Bożena Walewska-Zielecka
Introduction: Many of the symptoms of depression in men can be placed in the category of other mental health problems, such as substance abuse. Personal resources are important factors that can have a positive impact on the treatment of people affected by depression. The aim of the study was to analyze the use of alcohol and nicotine and the level of personal resources among men diagnosed with depression. Methods: A questionnaire consisted of six tests: test with sociodemographic variables, AUDIT Test, Fagerstrom Test, Emotion Control Scale, Generalized Self-Efficacy Scale and Life Satisfaction Scale. To ensure reliability that in the control group are only men without depression, an additional test for this group was added - Gotland Male Depression Scale (to exclude men with symptoms of depression in further analysis). Material: The test group consisted of men diagnosed with depressive disorders (F31 - in the phase of depression, F32 and F33) treated in the 2nd Department of Psychiatry of the Institute of Psychiatry and Neurology. The control group consisted of patients from randomly selected departments from four Warsaw hospitals. A total of 80 men were included into the pilot study, 40 in test group and 40 in control group. Ten men with symptoms of depression were excluded from the control group. Results: Assessment of physical health among responders was not significantly different between both groups. In test group over half of responders (55%, n = 22) declared weak mental health vs. only 7% (n = 2) in control group (p < .001). The level of nicotine and alcohol addiction was not significantly different between test and control group. Self-efficacy was significantly lower in test group, MD = -4.64, CI95 [-7.93; -1.35], p = .006. Satisfaction with life also had lower level in test group, MD = -4.87, CI95 [-8.02; -1.72], p = .003. No significant difference between both groups was confirmed for emotion control and its components. Conclusions: 1. Men with diagnosed depression assess their mental health lower than men without symptoms of this disorder; there is no difference in the case of physical health. 2. According to the present study, men with depression do not use alcohol and tobacco in a different way than men without this disorder; there are also no differences in their level of emotional control. 3. Men with depression have lower self-efficacy and satisfaction with life. 4. It is necessary to repeat this study on a larger sample of respondents, so that the results will be representative for the entire Polish male population.
{"title":"Stosowanie substancji psychoaktywnych i poziom zasobów osobistych wśród mężczyzn z zaburzeniami depresyjnymi – badanie pilotażowe","authors":"A. Kielan, M. Jaworski, Anna Mosiołek, Ł. Święcicki, Bożena Walewska-Zielecka","doi":"10.5603/PSYCH.A2020.0052","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5603/PSYCH.A2020.0052","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction: Many of the symptoms of depression in men can be placed in the category of other mental health problems, such as substance abuse. Personal resources are important factors that can have a positive impact on the treatment of people affected by depression. The aim of the study was to analyze the use of alcohol and nicotine and the level of personal resources among men diagnosed with depression. \u0000Methods: A questionnaire consisted of six tests: test with sociodemographic variables, AUDIT Test, Fagerstrom Test, Emotion Control Scale, Generalized Self-Efficacy Scale and Life Satisfaction Scale. To ensure reliability that in the control group are only men without depression, an additional test for this group was added - Gotland Male Depression Scale (to exclude men with symptoms of depression in further analysis). \u0000Material: The test group consisted of men diagnosed with depressive disorders (F31 - in the phase of depression, F32 and F33) treated in the 2nd Department of Psychiatry of the Institute of Psychiatry and Neurology. The control group consisted of patients from randomly selected departments from four Warsaw hospitals. A total of 80 men were included into the pilot study, 40 in test group and 40 in control group. Ten men with symptoms of depression were excluded from the control group. \u0000Results: Assessment of physical health among responders was not significantly different between both groups. In test group over half of responders (55%, n = 22) declared weak mental health vs. only 7% (n = 2) in control group (p < .001). The level of nicotine and alcohol addiction was not significantly different between test and control group. Self-efficacy was significantly lower in test group, MD = -4.64, CI95 [-7.93; -1.35], p = .006. Satisfaction with life also had lower level in test group, MD = -4.87, CI95 [-8.02; -1.72], p = .003. No significant difference between both groups was confirmed for emotion control and its components. \u0000Conclusions: \u00001. Men with diagnosed depression assess their mental health lower than men without symptoms of this disorder; there is no difference in the case of physical health. \u00002. According to the present study, men with depression do not use alcohol and tobacco in a different way than men without this disorder; there are also no differences in their level of emotional control. \u00003. Men with depression have lower self-efficacy and satisfaction with life. \u00004. It is necessary to repeat this study on a larger sample of respondents, so that the results will be representative for the entire Polish male population.","PeriodicalId":39960,"journal":{"name":"Psychiatria","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-12-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49607699","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Modern psychopharmacology offers an ever wide spectrum of psychotropic drugs that are in practice clinical adjustment to individual needs. Clinical practice shows that next to pharmaceuticals of the new generation, it is important to remember about older drugs, well known and embedded in the memory of subsequent generations psychiatrists. Promazine, among the phenothiazine-derived neuroleptics, is effective in managing the symptoms of agitation and anxiety of various etiologies, including in elderly patients. Thanks to this, promazine is still widely used, provided that the patient is properly selected and treated. The purpose of this article is to discuss the clinical profile of promazine and its principles in psychiatric practice. A case report of a 62-year-old woman with agitation and anxiety treated with promazine is also provided.
{"title":"Promazyna — klasyk wart ponownego odkrycia?","authors":"Tomasz Tafliński","doi":"10.5603/psych.2020.0042","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5603/psych.2020.0042","url":null,"abstract":"Modern psychopharmacology offers an ever wide spectrum of psychotropic drugs that are in practice clinical adjustment to individual needs. Clinical practice shows that next to pharmaceuticals of the new generation, it is important to remember about older drugs, well known and embedded in the memory of subsequent generations psychiatrists. Promazine, among the phenothiazine-derived neuroleptics, is effective in managing the symptoms of agitation and anxiety of various etiologies, including in elderly patients. Thanks to this, promazine is still widely used, provided that the patient is properly selected and treated. The purpose of this article is to discuss the clinical profile of promazine and its principles in psychiatric practice. A case report of a 62-year-old woman with agitation and anxiety treated with promazine is also provided.","PeriodicalId":39960,"journal":{"name":"Psychiatria","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-12-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43234944","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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