Pub Date : 2024-07-24DOI: 10.2174/0118722121305570240722052730
Wei Wang, Rui Zhang, Qi Huang, Siyu Liu, Yu Liu
With the rapid development of society, the demand for coal in production and daily life has been growing at an unprecedented rate. However, extensive coal mining has led to various environmental and safety issues. The gradual depletion of shallow mineral resources, the increasing depth of mining operations leading to more challenging mining environments, the severe pollution caused by the accumulation of large amounts of mining waste on the surface, and the continuous emphasis on green, environmentally friendly, and sustainable development concepts have necessitated effective solutions. In response to these challenges, the adoption of backfill mining technology has emerged as a viable approach. This paper offers a comprehensive overview and classification of the methods and mechanical systems utilized in backfill mining within coal mines. It provides a succinct explanation of the implementation of diverse backfilling methods in mining activities and the present state of various backfilling mechanical systems. This information can assist researchers and businesses in understanding the evolution of filling technology and serve as a crucial foundation for future research and innovation. An evaluation of Backfill Mining Method Patents and Backfill Mechanical System Patents and an Introduction to the Advantages and Disadvantages of Different Backfill Methods have been analyzed. Through the analysis and comparison of existing backfill methods, we can summarize the typical characteristics of each technique. Finally, we discuss the future development trends of backfill mining. Backfill mining can effectively support rock strata, control ground pressure activity, and protect surface flora and fauna. It can also improve the stress state of mining pillars and maximize resource recovery. Furthermore, it enables efficient handling of solid waste, reduces production costs, and achieves green and sustainable development. Each backfill mining system has its advantages and disadvantages, therefore, it is necessary to consider multiple factors comprehensively in order to choose the appropriate method.
{"title":"Current Status of Research on Fill Mining Systems","authors":"Wei Wang, Rui Zhang, Qi Huang, Siyu Liu, Yu Liu","doi":"10.2174/0118722121305570240722052730","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2174/0118722121305570240722052730","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000\u0000With the rapid development of society, the demand for coal in production\u0000and daily life has been growing at an unprecedented rate. However, extensive coal mining has led to\u0000various environmental and safety issues. The gradual depletion of shallow mineral resources, the\u0000increasing depth of mining operations leading to more challenging mining environments, the severe\u0000pollution caused by the accumulation of large amounts of mining waste on the surface, and the continuous\u0000emphasis on green, environmentally friendly, and sustainable development concepts have\u0000necessitated effective solutions. In response to these challenges, the adoption of backfill mining\u0000technology has emerged as a viable approach.\u0000\u0000\u0000\u0000This paper offers a comprehensive overview and classification of the methods and mechanical\u0000systems utilized in backfill mining within coal mines. It provides a succinct explanation of\u0000the implementation of diverse backfilling methods in mining activities and the present state of various\u0000backfilling mechanical systems. This information can assist researchers and businesses in understanding\u0000the evolution of filling technology and serve as a crucial foundation for future research and\u0000innovation.\u0000\u0000\u0000\u0000An evaluation of Backfill Mining Method Patents and Backfill Mechanical System Patents\u0000and an Introduction to the Advantages and Disadvantages of Different Backfill Methods have\u0000been analyzed.\u0000\u0000\u0000\u0000Through the analysis and comparison of existing backfill methods, we can summarize the\u0000typical characteristics of each technique. Finally, we discuss the future development trends of backfill\u0000mining.\u0000\u0000\u0000\u0000Backfill mining can effectively support rock strata, control ground pressure activity,\u0000and protect surface flora and fauna. It can also improve the stress state of mining pillars and maximize\u0000resource recovery. Furthermore, it enables efficient handling of solid waste, reduces production\u0000costs, and achieves green and sustainable development. Each backfill mining system has its advantages\u0000and disadvantages, therefore, it is necessary to consider multiple factors comprehensively in\u0000order to choose the appropriate method.\u0000","PeriodicalId":40022,"journal":{"name":"Recent Patents on Engineering","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-07-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141807814","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-07-12DOI: 10.2174/0118722121307776240606073455
Yudong Bao, Minwei Liu, Mingtao Wu
Diamond, with its unparalleled combination of physical and chemical attributes, occupies a critical role in future technological domains; yet, the caliber of its surface quality is decisively linked to its performance within advanced applications. Thus, engaging in super-precision processing to elevate the surface integrity of diamond constitutes a central tenet for broadening its application potential. This paper systematically dissects patents pertaining to diamond polishing apparatus, not only revealing the distinctive strengths and pragmatic features inherent in contemporary diamond polishing technology but also identifying limitations and avenues for refinement within current polishing methodologies. With the continuous expansion and deepening of modern industrial sectors, there is a growing demand for diversified and specialized material performance. Diamond, as a pivotal raw material, exhibits immense potential in its composite applications with a variety of other materials, forming an entire industrial chain that has permeated numerous industries. Throughout the comprehensive preparation process of diamond, from rough stone to finished product, polishing techniques play a critical role, representing an indispensable step in enhancing the surface quality and functional attributes of diamond products. This study provides a comprehensive review of representative patents in the field of diamond polishing apparatus, analyzing the distinctive functional attributes and performance characteristics of various diamond polishing devices. The study classifies polishing devices according to their design characteristics and application domains into five distinct categories: polishing apparatuses specifically designed for single-crystal diamonds, systems tailored for the polishing of complex curved surface diamonds, laser-assisted diamond polishing setups, structurally-enhanced diamond polishing equipment, and functionally-specialized diamond polishing tools. The analysis underscores the unique innovative aspects and advantages demonstrated by each patent in addressing the inherent limitations of traditional polishing devices. Moreover, it elucidates the technological constraints and developmental gaps that exist within each respective area. Presently, the essence of polishing technology research revolves around the precision and efficacy in polishing single-crystal diamonds and intricate curved diamond surfaces, alongside the structural innovation and functional refinement of polishing apparatuses. Predominant among these devices are those that largely depend on mechanical polishing methods integrated with laser-assisted and chemical mechanical polishing methodologies, where patent advancements are mainly geared towards boosting efficiency, guaranteeing surface integrity, fortifying adaptability across different operating scenarios, and incorporating multiple functionalities. Concurrently, considerable attention is given to enhancing the ecological p
{"title":"Overview of Patents on Diamond Polishing Apparatus","authors":"Yudong Bao, Minwei Liu, Mingtao Wu","doi":"10.2174/0118722121307776240606073455","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2174/0118722121307776240606073455","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000\u0000Diamond, with its unparalleled combination of physical and chemical attributes, occupies\u0000a critical role in future technological domains; yet, the caliber of its surface quality is decisively\u0000linked to its performance within advanced applications. Thus, engaging in super-precision processing\u0000to elevate the surface integrity of diamond constitutes a central tenet for broadening its application\u0000potential. This paper systematically dissects patents pertaining to diamond polishing apparatus, not\u0000only revealing the distinctive strengths and pragmatic features inherent in contemporary diamond\u0000polishing technology but also identifying limitations and avenues for refinement within current polishing\u0000methodologies. With the continuous expansion and deepening of modern industrial sectors,\u0000there is a growing demand for diversified and specialized material performance. Diamond, as a pivotal\u0000raw material, exhibits immense potential in its composite applications with a variety of other\u0000materials, forming an entire industrial chain that has permeated numerous industries. Throughout the\u0000comprehensive preparation process of diamond, from rough stone to finished product, polishing\u0000techniques play a critical role, representing an indispensable step in enhancing the surface quality\u0000and functional attributes of diamond products. This study provides a comprehensive review of representative\u0000patents in the field of diamond polishing apparatus, analyzing the distinctive functional\u0000attributes and performance characteristics of various diamond polishing devices. The study classifies\u0000polishing devices according to their design characteristics and application domains into five distinct\u0000categories: polishing apparatuses specifically designed for single-crystal diamonds, systems tailored\u0000for the polishing of complex curved surface diamonds, laser-assisted diamond polishing setups,\u0000structurally-enhanced diamond polishing equipment, and functionally-specialized diamond polishing\u0000tools. The analysis underscores the unique innovative aspects and advantages demonstrated by each\u0000patent in addressing the inherent limitations of traditional polishing devices. Moreover, it elucidates\u0000the technological constraints and developmental gaps that exist within each respective area. Presently,\u0000the essence of polishing technology research revolves around the precision and efficacy in polishing\u0000single-crystal diamonds and intricate curved diamond surfaces, alongside the structural innovation\u0000and functional refinement of polishing apparatuses. Predominant among these devices are those\u0000that largely depend on mechanical polishing methods integrated with laser-assisted and chemical\u0000mechanical polishing methodologies, where patent advancements are mainly geared towards boosting\u0000efficiency, guaranteeing surface integrity, fortifying adaptability across different operating scenarios,\u0000and incorporating multiple functionalities. Concurrently, considerable attention is given to\u0000enhancing the ecological p","PeriodicalId":40022,"journal":{"name":"Recent Patents on Engineering","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-07-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141652396","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-07-03DOI: 10.2174/0118722121326150240628071328
Fa-long Wang, A. Fa-you, Chuan-bing Zhu, Hua Zhang, Rao-sheng He, Rui Wang, Zhang-zhen Liu
This study aims to utilize the Machine Learning (ML) model to produce highprecision maps of urban ground subsidence susceptibility, providing a scientific basis for disaster prevention and mitigation efforts in the Kunming Basin. In this patent study, remote sensing interpretation of Kunming City was conducted using SBAS-InSAR technology to acquire subsidence data. Based on the frequency ratio method, ten evaluative factors with strong correlations were selected to establish an evaluation index system for the subsidence susceptibility of the Kunming Basin. Five models, including CNN, Back Propagation Neural Network (BPNN), Genetic Algorithm optimized BPNN (GA-BPNN), Particle Swarm Optimization optimized BPNN (PSO-BPNN), and Radial Basis Function Neural Network (RBFNN), were employed. The frequency ratio method and the ROC curve were used to compare the effectiveness and precision of these models. The frequency ratio method indicated that the CNN model had the highest values in the very high and high susceptibility areas, reaching 4.10, which was the highest among all models; in the very low and low susceptibility areas, its value was 0.34, which was the lowest among the models. The ROC curve demonstrated that the CNN model, based on deep learning (AUC = 0.952), was more precise than the machine learning-based models such as BPNN (AUC = 0.896), RBFNN (AUC = 0.917), GA-BPNN (AUC = 0.890), and PSO-BPNN (AUC = 0.906). The CNN model has predicted that 81.06% of the ground subsidence grid cells fall into the very high and high susceptibility categories, demonstrating good predictive performance. According to the established evaluation index system for ground subsidence susceptibility, the fundamental causes of ground subsidence in the Kunming Basin are identified as poor soil mechanical properties and low bearing capacity, while construction activities have exacerbated the development of ground subsidence.
{"title":"Evaluation of Land Subsidence Susceptibility in Kunming Basin Based on\u0000Remote Sensing Interpretation and Convolutional Neural Network","authors":"Fa-long Wang, A. Fa-you, Chuan-bing Zhu, Hua Zhang, Rao-sheng He, Rui Wang, Zhang-zhen Liu","doi":"10.2174/0118722121326150240628071328","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2174/0118722121326150240628071328","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000\u0000This study aims to utilize the Machine Learning (ML) model to produce highprecision\u0000maps of urban ground subsidence susceptibility, providing a scientific basis for disaster\u0000prevention and mitigation efforts in the Kunming Basin.\u0000\u0000\u0000\u0000In this patent study, remote sensing interpretation of Kunming City was conducted using\u0000SBAS-InSAR technology to acquire subsidence data. Based on the frequency ratio method, ten evaluative\u0000factors with strong correlations were selected to establish an evaluation index system for the\u0000subsidence susceptibility of the Kunming Basin. Five models, including CNN, Back Propagation\u0000Neural Network (BPNN), Genetic Algorithm optimized BPNN (GA-BPNN), Particle Swarm Optimization\u0000optimized BPNN (PSO-BPNN), and Radial Basis Function Neural Network (RBFNN),\u0000were employed. The frequency ratio method and the ROC curve were used to compare the effectiveness\u0000and precision of these models.\u0000\u0000\u0000\u0000The frequency ratio method indicated that the CNN model had the highest values in the very\u0000high and high susceptibility areas, reaching 4.10, which was the highest among all models; in the\u0000very low and low susceptibility areas, its value was 0.34, which was the lowest among the models.\u0000The ROC curve demonstrated that the CNN model, based on deep learning (AUC = 0.952), was\u0000more precise than the machine learning-based models such as BPNN (AUC = 0.896), RBFNN (AUC\u0000= 0.917), GA-BPNN (AUC = 0.890), and PSO-BPNN (AUC = 0.906).\u0000\u0000\u0000\u0000The CNN model has predicted that 81.06% of the ground subsidence grid cells fall into\u0000the very high and high susceptibility categories, demonstrating good predictive performance. According\u0000to the established evaluation index system for ground subsidence susceptibility, the fundamental\u0000causes of ground subsidence in the Kunming Basin are identified as poor soil mechanical\u0000properties and low bearing capacity, while construction activities have exacerbated the development\u0000of ground subsidence.\u0000","PeriodicalId":40022,"journal":{"name":"Recent Patents on Engineering","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-07-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141680834","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-07-03DOI: 10.2174/0118722121314310240624043755
Yuan Zhang, Bingru Zhao, Yupeng Yang, Tianyu Li
Active shock absorbers and more sophisticated cushioning materials are being used in lander vibration-damping design due to the requirement for space exploration and scientific study. This has allowed landers to land on more planetary surfaces and carry out a range of intricate scientific studies. As a result, lander damping structure design and optimization are now crucial. To categorize the lander shock absorption structures based on the various structural configurations and principles of operation, to enumerate the features of each, and to forecast the direction of future development. An analysis is conducted on the present state of many sample patents concerning structures that absorb shock during landings. The development stage of currently available shock-absorbing structures is examined in accordance with their properties, and the most recent patented technologies are explained and contrasted. The development stage of currently available shock-absorbing structures is examined in accordance with their properties and the most recent patented methods are explained and contrasted. Problems of the vibration-damping structure are analyzed, and its development trend is prospected. Results showed that Large landers and heavy loads are best served by mechanical damping; medium-sized loads and environments requiring high damping control are best served by magnetorheological fluid damping; complex environments and medium-to-large-sized loads are best served by hydraulic damping; small loads and low damping requirements are best served by collapsed-method damping.
{"title":"Development and Prospects of Lander Vibration-Damping Structures","authors":"Yuan Zhang, Bingru Zhao, Yupeng Yang, Tianyu Li","doi":"10.2174/0118722121314310240624043755","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2174/0118722121314310240624043755","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000\u0000Active shock absorbers and more sophisticated cushioning materials are being used in\u0000lander vibration-damping design due to the requirement for space exploration and scientific study.\u0000This has allowed landers to land on more planetary surfaces and carry out a range of intricate scientific\u0000studies. As a result, lander damping structure design and optimization are now crucial. To categorize\u0000the lander shock absorption structures based on the various structural configurations and principles\u0000of operation, to enumerate the features of each, and to forecast the direction of future development.\u0000An analysis is conducted on the present state of many sample patents concerning structures\u0000that absorb shock during landings. The development stage of currently available shock-absorbing\u0000structures is examined in accordance with their properties, and the most recent patented technologies\u0000are explained and contrasted. The development stage of currently available shock-absorbing structures\u0000is examined in accordance with their properties and the most recent patented methods are explained\u0000and contrasted. Problems of the vibration-damping structure are analyzed, and its development\u0000trend is prospected. Results showed that Large landers and heavy loads are best served by mechanical\u0000damping; medium-sized loads and environments requiring high damping control are best\u0000served by magnetorheological fluid damping; complex environments and medium-to-large-sized\u0000loads are best served by hydraulic damping; small loads and low damping requirements are best\u0000served by collapsed-method damping.\u0000","PeriodicalId":40022,"journal":{"name":"Recent Patents on Engineering","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-07-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141682826","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The patent of cutting operations is carried out with a cutting tool that is fed parallel to or at right angles to the work axis. The main objective of this study is to minimize surface roughness and MRR. The effect of cutting parameters on surface roughness and material removal rate is investigated using AISI 1045 steel as a workpiece material, and single and double carbide cutting tools are used under dry machining conditions. The cutting speed, feed rate, and depth of cut are considered input parameters for experimental purposes. Taguchi L9 orthogonal array design of experiments is used for designing the experiments. Parameters are optimized using Taguchi L9 orthogonal design of experiments and Analysis of Variance (ANOVA). MINITAB 17 software is used to solve the coefficients of the regression model. The result indicates that the cutting speed was the most significant influencing factor that affects the surface roughness, followed by feed rate and depth of cut for both single and doublecutting tools. The minimum surface finish for the best cutting parameter was 0.95 μm for a single and 0.92 μm for a double-turning tool. The highest material removal rates for single and double turning were 6456 mm3/min and 6603 mm3/min. The result shows that while using double tools, the rate of material removal rate increased and the machining time decreased.
{"title":"Comparative Study of Machining Parameters of Single and Double\u0000Cutting Tools During Turning of AISI 1045 Steel","authors":"Atomsa Demiso Hirpa, Endalkachew Mosisa Gutema, Hirpa G. Lemu, Mahesh Gopal","doi":"10.2174/0118722121310810240621095952","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2174/0118722121310810240621095952","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000\u0000The patent of cutting operations is carried out with a cutting tool that is fed\u0000parallel to or at right angles to the work axis. The main objective of this study is to minimize surface\u0000roughness and MRR.\u0000\u0000\u0000\u0000The effect of cutting parameters on surface roughness and material removal rate is investigated\u0000using AISI 1045 steel as a workpiece material, and single and double carbide cutting tools are\u0000used under dry machining conditions.\u0000\u0000\u0000\u0000The cutting speed, feed rate, and depth of cut are considered input parameters for experimental\u0000purposes. Taguchi L9 orthogonal array design of experiments is used for designing the experiments.\u0000Parameters are optimized using Taguchi L9 orthogonal design of experiments and Analysis\u0000of Variance (ANOVA). MINITAB 17 software is used to solve the coefficients of the regression\u0000model.\u0000\u0000\u0000\u0000The result indicates that the cutting speed was the most significant influencing factor that\u0000affects the surface roughness, followed by feed rate and depth of cut for both single and doublecutting\u0000tools.\u0000\u0000\u0000\u0000The minimum surface finish for the best cutting parameter was 0.95 μm for a single and\u00000.92 μm for a double-turning tool. The highest material removal rates for single and double turning\u0000were 6456 mm3/min and 6603 mm3/min. The result shows that while using double tools, the rate of\u0000material removal rate increased and the machining time decreased.\u0000","PeriodicalId":40022,"journal":{"name":"Recent Patents on Engineering","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-07-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141687034","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-07-02DOI: 10.2174/0118722121300623240626042915
Xinlei He, Xiang Li, Ke Lin, Zhangtao Wu, Jie Hui, Dao-long Yang
Coal storage and conveying are key aspects of the coal industry, including coal stacking management systems and conveying systems. The traditional method of coal storage will easily lead to coal’s spontaneous combustion, which decreases the safety and reliability of storage. Meanwhile, problems are waiting to be solved with current conveying technologies, such as low levels of conveying efficiency. To enhance the efficiency of coal conveying while improving safety and reducing environmental pollution, and promote the application of closed coal storage systems and pneumatic conveying technology. The patents and research proposed by many scholars analyzed the problems in coal transportation. Adopting pneumatic conveying technology and utilizing a similar experimental bench, by controlling the angle of the suction feeder and the height from the bottom, getting the optimal suction angle and position via experiment, which improves the efficiency of coal pneumatic feeding and discharging. A pneumatic feeding and discharging system and method are proposed for a coal storage silo with a high degree of integration and safety. Through similar experiments, it is concluded that the conveying efficiency is highest when the suction feeder is 30 mm high from the bottom, and the angle of the suction feeder is 45°. This provides theoretical support for the specific application of the device. By analyzing patents and researching similar experiments, the proposed closed storage system for coal can improve coal conveying efficiency, reduce environmental pollution caused by coal particles during conveying, and decrease the possibility of spontaneous combustion and explosion of coal dust. The system is highly automated, easy to operate, and widely applicable.
{"title":"Recent Patents on Closed Coal Storage Systems and Research of Similar\u0000Experimental","authors":"Xinlei He, Xiang Li, Ke Lin, Zhangtao Wu, Jie Hui, Dao-long Yang","doi":"10.2174/0118722121300623240626042915","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2174/0118722121300623240626042915","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000\u0000Coal storage and conveying are key aspects of the coal industry, including\u0000coal stacking management systems and conveying systems. The traditional method of coal storage\u0000will easily lead to coal’s spontaneous combustion, which decreases the safety and reliability of storage.\u0000Meanwhile, problems are waiting to be solved with current conveying technologies, such as low\u0000levels of conveying efficiency.\u0000\u0000\u0000\u0000To enhance the efficiency of coal conveying while improving safety and reducing environmental\u0000pollution, and promote the application of closed coal storage systems and pneumatic conveying\u0000technology.\u0000\u0000\u0000\u0000The patents and research proposed by many scholars analyzed the problems in coal transportation.\u0000Adopting pneumatic conveying technology and utilizing a similar experimental bench, by\u0000controlling the angle of the suction feeder and the height from the bottom, getting the optimal suction\u0000angle and position via experiment, which improves the efficiency of coal pneumatic feeding and\u0000discharging.\u0000\u0000\u0000\u0000A pneumatic feeding and discharging system and method are proposed for a coal storage\u0000silo with a high degree of integration and safety. Through similar experiments, it is concluded that\u0000the conveying efficiency is highest when the suction feeder is 30 mm high from the bottom, and the\u0000angle of the suction feeder is 45°. This provides theoretical support for the specific application of the\u0000device.\u0000\u0000\u0000\u0000By analyzing patents and researching similar experiments, the proposed closed storage\u0000system for coal can improve coal conveying efficiency, reduce environmental pollution caused by\u0000coal particles during conveying, and decrease the possibility of spontaneous combustion and explosion\u0000of coal dust. The system is highly automated, easy to operate, and widely applicable.\u0000","PeriodicalId":40022,"journal":{"name":"Recent Patents on Engineering","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-07-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141684572","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-07-02DOI: 10.2174/0118722121294357240624114638
Kaushal Mehta, Sachin Sharma
Forest fires have been a major hazard to forest management, needing sophisticated monitoring and management techniques. By creating an embedded intelligent video analysis system, this research proposed a complete strategy for addressing this difficulty. The system's hardware architecture was explained, and the operating system software was detailed, using a software and hardware design based on the ZynqSoC. At the same time, an emphasis on forest fire prevention applications was maintained. Furthermore, the study investigated a unique technique for forest fire detection using Arduino as a field data collector and a fuzzy logic algorithm to improve accuracy. The proposed IoT-Fog-Cloud collaboration infrastructure offered a patented contribution to real-time wildfire monitoring, prediction, and forecasting. The framework achieved excellent accuracy in determining wildfire proneness levels and real-time alert production by utilizing fuzzy K-nearest-neighbor classification and Holt-Winter's forecasting model. The findings demonstrated the integrated system's ability to reduce the impact of wildfires, serving as a significant reference for future forest fire prevention scenarios.
{"title":"Study on Integrated Systems for Enhanced Forest Fire Prevention: An\u0000Embedded Intelligent Video Analysis and Collaborative IoT–Fog–Cloud\u0000Framework Approach","authors":"Kaushal Mehta, Sachin Sharma","doi":"10.2174/0118722121294357240624114638","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2174/0118722121294357240624114638","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000\u0000Forest fires have been a major hazard to forest management, needing\u0000sophisticated monitoring and management techniques. By creating an embedded intelligent video\u0000analysis system, this research proposed a complete strategy for addressing this difficulty.\u0000\u0000\u0000\u0000The system's hardware architecture was explained, and the operating system software\u0000was detailed, using a software and hardware design based on the ZynqSoC. At the same time, an\u0000emphasis on forest fire prevention applications was maintained. Furthermore, the study investigated\u0000a unique technique for forest fire detection using Arduino as a field data collector and a\u0000fuzzy logic algorithm to improve accuracy.\u0000\u0000\u0000\u0000The proposed IoT-Fog-Cloud collaboration infrastructure offered a patented contribution\u0000to real-time wildfire monitoring, prediction, and forecasting. The framework achieved excellent\u0000accuracy in determining wildfire proneness levels and real-time alert production by utilizing\u0000fuzzy K-nearest-neighbor classification and Holt-Winter's forecasting model.\u0000\u0000\u0000\u0000The findings demonstrated the integrated system's ability to reduce the impact of\u0000wildfires, serving as a significant reference for future forest fire prevention scenarios.\u0000","PeriodicalId":40022,"journal":{"name":"Recent Patents on Engineering","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-07-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141686115","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-07-02DOI: 10.2174/0118722121312618240612093010
S. K. B. Sangeetha, K. Chandran, S. Mathivanan, Hariharan Rajadurai, Basu Dev Shivahare
1. To develop a hybrid approach combining the Pitch Estimation Filter (PEF) and Cepstrum Pitch Determination (CPD) methods for pitch detection in audio signals. 2. To conduct comparative analysis with existing pitch detection methodologies, including Normalized Correlation Function (NCF), Pitch Estimation Filter (PEF), Log-Harmonic Summation (LHS), Summation of Residual Harmonics (SRH) and Cepstrum Pitch Determination (CEP), to assess the performance and accuracy of the proposed hybrid approach. 3. To evaluate the effectiveness of the hybrid approach in various real-world applications such as speech recognition and music transcription, using performance metrics including Gross Pitch Error (GPE) and classification accuracy through a K-Nearest Neighbors (KNN) classifier. The study discussed the difficulties in assessing pitch detection algorithms in real-world applications, especially when it comes to audio synthesis and music production. Prominent performance metrics and criteria pertinent to pitch tracking in interactive music applications were identified by the authors through comprehensive user studies and surveys with audio engineers and professional musicians. The results demonstrated the need for user-centered design approaches in algorithm development and evaluation by emphasizing the significance of taking user preferences and practical requirements into account when evaluating the effectiveness of pitch detection algorithms. 1. To develop a hybrid approach combining the Pitch Estimation Filter (PEF) and Cepstrum Pitch Determination (CPD) methods for pitch detection in audio signals. 2. To conduct comparative analysis with existing pitch detection methodologies, including Normalized Correlation Function (NCF), Pitch Estimation Filter (PEF), Log-Harmonic Summation (LHS), Summation of Residual Harmonics (SRH) and Cepstrum Pitch Determination (CEP), to assess the performance and accuracy of the proposed hybrid approach. 3. To evaluate the effectiveness of the hybrid approach in various real-world applications such as speech recognition and music transcription, using performance metrics including Gross Pitch Error (GPE) and classification accuracy through a K-Nearest Neighbors (KNN) classifier. Proposed PEF+CEP Finally, a comparison and analysis of different pitch detection techniques revealed how well they performed in terms of important evaluation metrics like accuracy, specificity, sensitivity, and gross pitch error (GPE). Conventional methods such as Normalized Correlation Function (NCF), Pitch Estimation Filter (PEF), Log-Harmonic Summation (LHS), Summation of Residual Harmonics(SRH) and Cepstrum Pitch Determination (CEP) perform admirably in terms of specificity and accuracy, but they are not very effective in terms of sensitivity and GPE. On the other hand, the suggested hybrid approach, Proposed PEF+CEP, offers a noteworthy enhancement in accuracy, attaining a remarkable 98.8%, in addition to a sensitivity of 99.2%. The h
{"title":"Exploring Hybrid Techniques for Enhanced Pitch Estimation in Speech\u0000Processing","authors":"S. K. B. Sangeetha, K. Chandran, S. Mathivanan, Hariharan Rajadurai, Basu Dev Shivahare","doi":"10.2174/0118722121312618240612093010","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2174/0118722121312618240612093010","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000\u00001. To develop a hybrid approach combining the Pitch Estimation Filter (PEF) and Cepstrum Pitch Determination (CPD) methods for pitch detection in audio signals.\u00002. To conduct comparative analysis with existing pitch detection methodologies, including Normalized Correlation Function (NCF), Pitch Estimation Filter (PEF), Log-Harmonic Summation (LHS), Summation of Residual Harmonics (SRH) and Cepstrum Pitch Determination (CEP), to assess the performance and accuracy of the proposed hybrid approach.\u00003. To evaluate the effectiveness of the hybrid approach in various real-world applications such as speech recognition and music transcription, using performance metrics including Gross Pitch Error (GPE) and classification accuracy through a K-Nearest Neighbors (KNN) classifier.\u0000\u0000\u0000\u0000The study discussed the difficulties in assessing pitch detection algorithms in real-world applications, especially when it comes to audio synthesis and music production. Prominent performance metrics and criteria pertinent to pitch tracking in interactive music applications were identified by the authors through comprehensive user studies and surveys with audio engineers and professional musicians. The results demonstrated the need for user-centered design approaches in algorithm development and evaluation by emphasizing the significance of taking user preferences and practical requirements into account when evaluating the effectiveness of pitch detection algorithms.\u0000\u0000\u0000\u00001. To develop a hybrid approach combining the Pitch Estimation Filter (PEF) and Cepstrum Pitch Determination (CPD) methods for pitch detection in audio signals.\u00002. To conduct comparative analysis with existing pitch detection methodologies, including Normalized Correlation Function (NCF), Pitch Estimation Filter (PEF), Log-Harmonic Summation (LHS), Summation of Residual Harmonics (SRH) and Cepstrum Pitch Determination (CEP), to assess the performance and accuracy of the proposed hybrid approach.\u00003. To evaluate the effectiveness of the hybrid approach in various real-world applications such as speech recognition and music transcription, using performance metrics including Gross Pitch Error (GPE) and classification accuracy through a K-Nearest Neighbors (KNN) classifier.\u0000\u0000\u0000\u0000Proposed PEF+CEP\u0000\u0000\u0000\u0000Finally, a comparison and analysis of different pitch detection techniques revealed how well they performed in terms of important evaluation metrics like accuracy, specificity, sensitivity, and gross pitch error (GPE). Conventional methods such as Normalized Correlation Function (NCF), Pitch Estimation Filter (PEF), Log-Harmonic Summation (LHS), Summation of Residual Harmonics(SRH) and Cepstrum Pitch Determination (CEP) perform admirably in terms of specificity and accuracy, but they are not very effective in terms of sensitivity and GPE. On the other hand, the suggested hybrid approach, Proposed PEF+CEP, offers a noteworthy enhancement in accuracy, attaining a remarkable 98.8%, in addition to a sensitivity of 99.2%. The h","PeriodicalId":40022,"journal":{"name":"Recent Patents on Engineering","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-07-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141688645","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-05-20DOI: 10.2174/0118722121285572240510100826
Swati, Rajesh Gupta, Ravindra Nagar
Examining the concrete quality in its original location and optimizing machine learning models for precise forecasting of concrete compressive strength(fc) is crucial. Current research advocates the fine tuning of hyperparameters within machine learning methodologies in tandem with non-destructive testing techniques to forecast the compressive strength of concrete. This study aimsto incorporate age as a crucial factor by utilizing data spanning from 3 days to 365 days. This approach enhances the study’s applicability for real-time forecasting purposes. In the methodology of this current research, three machine learning (ML) models— specifically, Multi-Linear Regression (MLR), Decision Tree Regressor (DTR), and Random Forest Regressor (RFR)—are introduced within the context of age as a significant factor influencing measurements obtained from the Rebound Hammer (RN) and Ultra Sonic Pulse Velocity (UPV). These ML models were sequentially applied, followed by a meticulous process of hyperparameter finetuning conducted through grid search Cross-Validation (CV). To gain insights into the predictive results, the study also employed SHapley Additive exPlanations (SHAP) for interpretation purposes. The results of this study reveal the development of an empirical relationship using Multi- Linear Regression, which yielded an R2 value of 0.88. Furthermore, the evaluation showed that Random Forest Regression outperformed other models with an R2 value of 0.95 in the training and 0.92 in the testing datasets. These models hold promise for facilitating decisions about qualitative analyses based on UPV and Rebound Hammer measurements relative to the age of the concrete. Rigorous validation of the models was conducted through standard cross-validation techniques. The research has created and validated hyper tunned machine learning models with the help of grid search cross-validation function, with Random Forest Regression being the most effective. These models can potentially guide decisions regarding qualitative analyses using UPV and Rebound Hammer measurements concerning concrete age. They provide a valuable tool for on-site assessments in construction and structural evaluations. The primary objective of the research is to introduce age as a significant feature. To achieve this, data ranging from 3 days to 365 days was integrated. This inclusion aims to enhance real-time decision-making in construction processes, facilitating actions like the prompt removal of formwork in high-speed construction projects.
{"title":"Utilizing Optimized Machine Learning Techniques to Predict the\u0000Compressive Strength of Concrete through Non-Destructive Testing\u0000Methodologies","authors":"Swati, Rajesh Gupta, Ravindra Nagar","doi":"10.2174/0118722121285572240510100826","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2174/0118722121285572240510100826","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000\u0000Examining the concrete quality in its original location and optimizing machine\u0000learning models for precise forecasting of concrete compressive strength(fc) is crucial. Current\u0000research advocates the fine tuning of hyperparameters within machine learning methodologies in\u0000tandem with non-destructive testing techniques to forecast the compressive strength of concrete.\u0000\u0000\u0000\u0000This study aimsto incorporate age as a crucial factor by utilizing data spanning from 3\u0000days to 365 days. This approach enhances the study’s applicability for real-time forecasting purposes.\u0000\u0000\u0000\u0000In the methodology of this current research, three machine learning (ML) models—\u0000specifically, Multi-Linear Regression (MLR), Decision Tree Regressor (DTR), and Random Forest\u0000Regressor (RFR)—are introduced within the context of age as a significant factor influencing measurements\u0000obtained from the Rebound Hammer (RN) and Ultra Sonic Pulse Velocity (UPV). These\u0000ML models were sequentially applied, followed by a meticulous process of hyperparameter finetuning\u0000conducted through grid search Cross-Validation (CV). To gain insights into the predictive\u0000results, the study also employed SHapley Additive exPlanations (SHAP) for interpretation purposes.\u0000\u0000\u0000\u0000The results of this study reveal the development of an empirical relationship using Multi-\u0000Linear Regression, which yielded an R2 value of 0.88. Furthermore, the evaluation showed that Random\u0000Forest Regression outperformed other models with an R2 value of 0.95 in the training and 0.92\u0000in the testing datasets. These models hold promise for facilitating decisions about qualitative analyses\u0000based on UPV and Rebound Hammer measurements relative to the age of the concrete. Rigorous\u0000validation of the models was conducted through standard cross-validation techniques.\u0000\u0000\u0000\u0000The research has created and validated hyper tunned machine learning models with the\u0000help of grid search cross-validation function, with Random Forest Regression being the most effective.\u0000These models can potentially guide decisions regarding qualitative analyses using UPV and\u0000Rebound Hammer measurements concerning concrete age. They provide a valuable tool for on-site\u0000assessments in construction and structural evaluations. The primary objective of the research is to\u0000introduce age as a significant feature. To achieve this, data ranging from 3 days to 365 days was\u0000integrated. This inclusion aims to enhance real-time decision-making in construction processes, facilitating\u0000actions like the prompt removal of formwork in high-speed construction projects.\u0000","PeriodicalId":40022,"journal":{"name":"Recent Patents on Engineering","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-05-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141122816","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-05-20DOI: 10.2174/0118722121304883240509064305
Baopeng Liu, Ran Ma, Chong Chen, Jiahao Tang
In recent years, with the development of "smart materials", magnetorheological fluids have been widely used in the fields of mechanical transmission, aerospace, construction, and medical treatment because of the unique rheological properties that can occur under the action of an applied magnetic field. Magnetorheological clutches with magnetorheological fluid as the working medium have the advantages of simple structure, low noise, fast response, and easy control compared with traditional clutches. In order to provide an overview of the issues encountered by magnetorheological clutches in their current applications and to summarize the optimization designs implemented to address these issues, with the aim of promoting the widespread application of magnetorheological clutches. The basic theory of magnetorheological fluid and magnetorheological clutch design method is introduced. The related patents of magnetorheological clutch structure design are reviewed. The characteristics and advantages of magnetorheological clutch in different working modes are summarized. This study introduces the basic theory of magnetorheological fluid. The problems existing in the application of magnetorheological clutch are explained. The characteristics of magnetorheological clutch based on shear mode, shear-extrusion mode and heat dissipation mode are described. The development trend of magnetorheological clutch is discussed. This paper provides an important basis for the design and application of magnetorheological clutch, offers specific guidance for improving the torque transmission capacity and heat dissipation capacity of magnetorheological clutch, and lays a theoretical foundation for the wide application of magnetorheological clutch in the future.
{"title":"A Review on Structural Configurations of Magnetorheological Clutch","authors":"Baopeng Liu, Ran Ma, Chong Chen, Jiahao Tang","doi":"10.2174/0118722121304883240509064305","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2174/0118722121304883240509064305","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000\u0000In recent years, with the development of \"smart materials\", magnetorheological fluids\u0000have been widely used in the fields of mechanical transmission, aerospace, construction, and medical\u0000treatment because of the unique rheological properties that can occur under the action of an applied\u0000magnetic field. Magnetorheological clutches with magnetorheological fluid as the working medium\u0000have the advantages of simple structure, low noise, fast response, and easy control compared with\u0000traditional clutches. In order to provide an overview of the issues encountered by magnetorheological\u0000clutches in their current applications and to summarize the optimization designs implemented to\u0000address these issues, with the aim of promoting the widespread application of magnetorheological\u0000clutches. The basic theory of magnetorheological fluid and magnetorheological clutch design method\u0000is introduced. The related patents of magnetorheological clutch structure design are reviewed. The\u0000characteristics and advantages of magnetorheological clutch in different working modes are summarized.\u0000This study introduces the basic theory of magnetorheological fluid. The problems existing in\u0000the application of magnetorheological clutch are explained. The characteristics of magnetorheological\u0000clutch based on shear mode, shear-extrusion mode and heat dissipation mode are described. The\u0000development trend of magnetorheological clutch is discussed. This paper provides an important basis\u0000for the design and application of magnetorheological clutch, offers specific guidance for improving\u0000the torque transmission capacity and heat dissipation capacity of magnetorheological clutch, and lays\u0000a theoretical foundation for the wide application of magnetorheological clutch in the future.\u0000","PeriodicalId":40022,"journal":{"name":"Recent Patents on Engineering","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-05-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141121206","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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