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Flowers Images Classification with Deep Learning: A Review 利用深度学习进行花卉图像分类:综述
Q4 Mathematics Pub Date : 2024-07-05 DOI: 10.52783/cana.v31.851
Asia Kamal Mustfa, S. Abdulateef, Qabas A. Hameed
Significant progress has been made in the field of digital image processing in recent years through the utilization of machine learning and deep learning, surpassing previous methods by a large margin. Deep learning methods allow devices such as computers and mobile to automatically understand pattern characteristics. This review paper highlights challenges and issues in machine-deep learning applied to the domain of flower classification. in addition, the datasets were extracted that were found in the literature. The review offered in this article can encourage researchers in the domain of agriculture inspired techniques research society to further enhance the efficacy of the AI methods and to use the different AI techniques in other fields for solving complicated real-life challenges. In addition, the article provides an overview of the artificial intelligence techniques employed in the field of flower recognition, detection, segmentation, and other applications, delivering the most delinquent and recent literature for solving issues for researchers in the area of flowers.
近年来,通过利用机器学习和深度学习,数字图像处理领域取得了重大进展,大大超越了以往的方法。深度学习方法使计算机和移动设备等设备能够自动理解模式特征。本文重点介绍了机器深度学习应用于花卉分类领域所面临的挑战和问题,并提取了文献中的数据集。本文提供的综述可以鼓励农业启发技术研究会领域的研究人员进一步提高人工智能方法的功效,并在其他领域使用不同的人工智能技术来解决复杂的现实挑战。此外,文章还概述了人工智能技术在花卉识别、检测、分割等领域的应用,为花卉领域的研究人员提供了解决问题的最新文献。
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引用次数: 0
Significant Differences Between the IQ Scores of Mathematics Students based on Regression Analysis and Factorial Experimental Design 基于回归分析和因子实验设计的数学学生智商得分的显著差异
Q4 Mathematics Pub Date : 2024-07-05 DOI: 10.52783/cana.v31.829
Hadeel Salim Alkutubi
In this research, data on general intelligence and emotional intelligence scores were analyzed and the difference between them was studied in terms of their application to students of the Mathematics Department in the four stages in the College of Computer Science and Mathematics at the University of Kufa for the academic year 2023-2024. Four statistical methods were used. The first was multiple regression analysis to study the extent to which each student's mathematics score was affected on the general intelligence and emotional intelligence tests (Y), by the student's gender (X1) and his type of residence (X2). The second statistical method is to analyze the design of a factorial experiment to study the presence or absence of significant differences between the grades of students in the four stages by classifying the students in the four stages into males and females, as well as studying the significant difference in the scores of the two intelligence tests (general and emotional) for students in the Mathematics Department in general and divided according to gender. requester. The third method of analysis was to analyze the design of a completely randomized experiment to study the significant differences in students’ intelligence scores between the four academic levels in the mathematics department. If there is a significant difference in the results of analyzing the data in the above methods, then we use the fourth statistical method in this research, which is the analysis of the least significant difference test to study the differences between each two groups separately. The results of the data analysis were numerous, the most important of which is that the intelligence scores in the two tests (general intelligence and emotional intelligence) do not depend on nor are affected by the student’s gender or type of residence. In addition, intelligence scores were not affected for the four educational levels.
本研究分析了库法大学计算机科学与数学学院数学系 2023-2024 学年四个阶段的学生的一般智力和情绪智力得分数据,并研究了它们之间的差异。使用了四种统计方法。第一种是多元回归分析法,研究学生的性别(X1)和居住地类型(X2)对每个学生在一般智力和情绪智力测试中的数学成绩(Y)的影响程度。第二种统计方法是分析因子实验的设计,通过将四个阶段的学生分为男生和女生,研究四个阶段的学生成绩之间是否存在显著差异,同时研究数学系学生在一般情况下和根据性别划分的两种智力测验(一般智力测验和情绪智力测验)得分的显著差异。 请求者。第三种分析方法是分析完全随机实验的设计,研究数学系四个学业水平之间学生智力分 数的显著差异。如果上述方法分析数据的结果存在显著差异,那么我们就采用本研究的第四种统计方法,即最小显著差异检验分析法,分别研究每两组之间的差异。数据分析的结果很多,其中最重要的是,两次测试(一般智力和情绪智力)的智力得分不依赖于学生的性别或居住地类型,也不受其影响。此外,四个教育等级的智力分数也不受影响。
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引用次数: 0
Optimizing Graph Theory Algorithms for Social Network Analysis 为社交网络分析优化图论算法
Q4 Mathematics Pub Date : 2024-07-05 DOI: 10.52783/cana.v31.834
S. Sahoo, Sasmita Mishra
Social network analysis (SNA) leverages graph theory to understand and visualize the complex relationships and structures within social networks. This research paper explores the optimization of graph theory algorithms tailored for SNA, focusing on efficiency improvements in handling large-scale networks. The study reviews key graph theory concepts, identifies common challenges in SNA, and evaluates various optimization techniques. Practical applications and case studies are presented to demonstrate the impact of these optimizations in real-world scenarios.
社会网络分析(SNA)利用图论来理解和可视化社会网络中的复杂关系和结构。本研究论文探讨了为 SNA 量身定制的图论算法的优化问题,重点是提高处理大规模网络的效率。研究回顾了关键图论概念,确定了 SNA 中的常见挑战,并评估了各种优化技术。论文还介绍了实际应用和案例研究,以展示这些优化技术在现实世界中的影响。
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引用次数: 0
Exploring Fractional Quantum Mechanics: Stability Analysis and Wave Propagation in Coupled Schrödinger Equations 探索分数量子力学:耦合薛定谔方程中的稳定性分析和波传播
Q4 Mathematics Pub Date : 2024-07-05 DOI: 10.52783/cana.v31.935
Iftekher S. Chowdhury, Dr. Eric Howard, Dr Nand Kumar
Fractional Quantum Mechanics (FQM) has emerged as a fascinating theoretical framework extending traditional quantum mechanics to describe physical systems with non-local or long-range interactions. In this paper, we delve into the realm of FQM, focusing on stability analysis and wave propagation in coupled Schrödinger equations. We begin with a comprehensive overview of FQM, elucidating its fundamental principles and mathematical formalism. Subsequently, we conduct stability analysis of coupled fractional Schrödinger equations, exploring the conditions under which these systems exhibit stable behavior. Furthermore, we investigate wave propagation phenomena within such systems, shedding light on the unique characteristics of fractional quantum waves. Our findings not only contribute to advancing the theoretical understanding of FQM but also offer insights into potential applications in diverse fields ranging from condensed matter physics to quantum information processing.
分数量子力学(Fractional Quantum Mechanics,简称 FQM)作为一种迷人的理论框架已经出现,它扩展了传统量子力学,用于描述具有非局部或长程相互作用的物理系统。在本文中,我们将深入探讨 FQM 领域,重点是耦合薛定谔方程中的稳定性分析和波传播。我们首先全面概述了 FQM,阐明了其基本原理和数学形式。随后,我们对耦合分数薛定谔方程进行稳定性分析,探索这些系统表现出稳定行为的条件。此外,我们还研究了此类系统中的波传播现象,揭示了分数量子波的独特特征。我们的研究成果不仅有助于推进对分数量子力学的理论理解,还为从凝聚态物理到量子信息处理等不同领域的潜在应用提供了见解。
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引用次数: 0
Applying a Fuzzy Ordering Approach in Transportation Problems with Decagonal Intuitionistic Fuzzy Numbers 在使用十边形直觉模糊数的交通问题中应用模糊排序法
Q4 Mathematics Pub Date : 2024-07-05 DOI: 10.52783/cana.v31.975
KR Balasubramanian
In this study, the paper delves into precision challenges within traditional transportation problem solutions, which rigidly define cost, supply, and demand. Acknowledging the inherent vagueness in real world contexts, the research explores the efficacy of intuitive fuzzy sets as a potent tool. Organized into four distinct sections, this work utilizes decagonal intuitionistic fuzzy numbers for managing supply and demand, while upholding conventional approaches for cost considerations. Employing a fuzzy ordering method, optimal solutions are derived by adjusting the configuration of decagonal intuitive fuzzy numbers across each segment. Through a comparative analysis, the Study identifies the most effective solution, with initial sections addressing balanced geometric intuitionistic fuzzy transportation problems and the final part focusing on unbalanced scenarios, specifically emphasizing supply and demand complexities.
在这项研究中,论文深入探讨了传统交通问题解决方案所面临的精确性挑战,这些解决方案僵化地定义了成本、供应和需求。由于认识到现实世界中固有的模糊性,本研究探讨了直观模糊集作为一种有效工具的功效。这项研究分为四个不同的部分,利用十边形直观模糊数来管理供应和需求,同时坚持传统的成本考量方法。采用模糊排序法,通过调整各部分的十边形直观模糊数配置,得出最佳解决方案。通过比较分析,该研究确定了最有效的解决方案,最初的部分涉及平衡的几何直观模糊运输问题,最后的部分侧重于不平衡的情况,特别强调了供需的复杂性。
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引用次数: 0
A Fuzzy Optimal Base Stock System for Tolerant Clients 面向宽容客户的模糊优化基础库存系统
Q4 Mathematics Pub Date : 2024-07-05 DOI: 10.52783/cana.v31.952
Jagatheesan. R
Base stock is an amount of stock that a company requires to maintain in order to handle an unexpected huge demand. To lerant clients are the clients who are tolerant to the company’s delayed supply, who come back to the same company even if their demands are not met within their expected time. This implies that the clients are solely relied on that company. Marketing manager requires to maintain on hand to satisfy such tolerant clients’ demands with some delay, no longer than expected by that tolerant client.This paper diagnosis the performance measures of optimal base stock system for tolerant clients in fuzzy environment. The fuzzy numbers can be modified to crisp number with the help of fuzzy ranking methods. Here the used fuzzy ranking method is prominent for de-fuzzification. The famous Triangular fuzzy number and Trapezoidal fuzzy number methods are played a major role for de-fuzzification. At last, the optimization of base stock is verified with numerical examples in fuzzy environment.
基础库存是公司为应对意外的巨大需求而需要维持的库存量。忠诚客户是指对公司延迟供货持容忍态度的客户,即使他们的需求未能在预期时间内得到满足,他们也会再次光顾同一家公司。这意味着客户只依赖这家公司。市场营销经理需要保持一定的库存,以满足这类宽容客户的需求,但延迟时间不得超过该宽容客户的预期时间。在模糊排序法的帮助下,可以将模糊数修正为清晰数。这里使用的模糊排序法主要用于去模糊化。著名的三角模糊数和梯形模糊数方法在去模糊化中发挥了重要作用。最后,在模糊环境中用数字实例验证了基础库存的优化。
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引用次数: 0
Computational Machine Learning Analytics for Prediction of Water Quality 用于水质预测的计算机器学习分析技术
Q4 Mathematics Pub Date : 2024-07-05 DOI: 10.52783/cana.v31.942
Nitya Nand Jha, R. Singh, Sushila Sharma, Abhishek Kumar
In terms of impacts on ecosystems, industry, people, and flora and fauna, water quality is paramount. Contamination and pollution have degraded water quality in recent decades. Predicting WQC and Water Quality Index (WQI) is the problem of this article; WQI is an important measure of water validity. This research use machine learning approaches to forecast WQI and WQC, and it does so by optimizing and tweaking the parameters of several machine learning models. Parameter optimization and tuning for four classification models and four regression models both make use of grid search, an essential tool in both contexts. To forecast WQC, classification models such as Random Forest (RF), Extreme Gradient Boosting (Xgboost), Gradient Boosting (GB), and Adaptive Boosting (Ada-Boost) are used. Predicting WQI is done using regression models such as K-nearest neighbour (KNN), decision tree (DT), support vector regression (SVR), and multi-layer perceptron (MLP). Data normalization and data imputation (mean imputation) were also executed as pretreatment steps to suit the data and make it convenient for any further processing. Seven characteristics and ninety-one cases make up the dataset used for this research. Five evaluation measures were calculated to evaluate the classification systems' effectiveness: accuracy, recall, precision, Matthews' Correlation Coefficient (MCC), and F1 score. A total of four evaluation metrics were calculated to measure the efficacy of the regression models: MAE, MedAE,MSE, and R2. The results of the testing showed that the GB model yielded the most accurate predictions of WQC values (99.50%), making it the top performer in terms of categorization. The experimental findings show that the MLP regressor model got a value of 99.8 percent R2 when predicting WQI values, making it the best performing model in regression.
就对生态系统、工业、人类和动植物的影响而言,水质至关重要。近几十年来,污染使水质恶化。预测 WQC 和水质指数(WQI)是本文要解决的问题;WQI 是衡量水质有效性的重要指标。本研究采用机器学习方法预测 WQI 和 WQC,并通过优化和调整多个机器学习模型的参数来实现。四个分类模型和四个回归模型的参数优化和调整都使用了网格搜索,这在两种情况下都是必不可少的工具。为了预测 WQC,使用了随机森林 (RF)、极端梯度提升 (Xgboost)、梯度提升 (GB) 和自适应提升 (Ada-Boost) 等分类模型。预测 WQI 采用回归模型,如 K-近邻(KNN)、决策树(DT)、支持向量回归(SVR)和多层感知器(MLP)。数据归一化和数据估算(平均估算)也作为预处理步骤执行,以适应数据并方便进一步处理。七种特征和 91 个案例构成了本研究使用的数据集。为评价分类系统的有效性,计算了五个评价指标:准确度、召回率、精确度、马修斯相关系数(MCC)和 F1 分数。共计算了四个评价指标来衡量回归模型的有效性:MAE、MedAE、MSE 和 R2。测试结果表明,GB 模型对 WQC 值的预测准确率最高(99.50%),在分类方面表现最佳。实验结果表明,MLP 回归模型预测 WQI 值的 R2 值为 99.8%,是回归模型中表现最好的。
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引用次数: 0
Homotopy on Smooth Fuzzy Fréchet Manifold 光滑模糊弗雷谢特流形上的同向性
Q4 Mathematics Pub Date : 2024-07-05 DOI: 10.52783/cana.v31.859
Ahmed Ghanawi Jasim, Intisar Harbi, Ali Salim Mohammed
    This paper presents definition to a fuzzy FF-smooth homotopy on FF-smooth fuzzy Fréchet manifold and proves that the fuzzy FF-smooth homotopy of a fuzzy path forms an equivalence relation. The researchers also expand the study to include three types of fuzzy FF-smooth homotopy of a fuzzy path, namely a maximal fuzzy FF-smooth homotopy, an internal fuzzy FF-smooth homotopy, and local fuzzy FF-smooth homotopy admitting equivalence relations and a structure of a group.
本文提出了 FF-smooth 模糊弗雷谢流形上的模糊 FF-smooth 同调的定义,并证明了模糊路径的模糊 FF-smooth 同调构成等价关系。研究人员还将研究扩展到模糊路径的三种模糊 FF-光滑同调,即最大模糊 FF-光滑同调、内部模糊 FF-光滑同调和局部模糊 FF-光滑同调,其中局部模糊 FF-光滑同调承认等价关系和群的结构。
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引用次数: 0
Analysis and Prediction of Stock Price using HMM and Facebook’s Prophet Computational Models 使用 HMM 和 Facebook 的先知计算模型分析和预测股票价格
Q4 Mathematics Pub Date : 2024-07-05 DOI: 10.52783/cana.v31.813
K. Senthamarai Kannan
In recent times, the utilization of Statistical and Machine Learning techniques has gained prominence in the realm of financial data analysis. These methods are applied to various types of financial data, encompassing textual information, numerical data, and graphical representations. This study aims to compare the performance of two prominent forecasting methods, Hidden Markov Models and Facebook’s Prophet in the context of stock price prediction. Assessing the predictive accuracy, interpretability, and adaptability of both approaches through empirical experiments and case studies sheds light on their respective advantages and limitations. These experiments demonstrate that the predicted stock prices are in closer proximity to the actual price when compared to using a single data source. Furthermore, the achieved MAPE are 0.01, 0.025 and respectively, outperforming conventional methodologies. Our validation of effectiveness extends to real-world datasets encompassing the NIFTY50 Index. These findings offer valuable insights for researchers and practitioners seeking effective strategies for stock price prediction.
近来,统计和机器学习技术在金融数据分析领域的应用日益突出。这些方法适用于各种类型的金融数据,包括文本信息、数字数据和图形表示。本研究旨在比较隐马尔可夫模型和 Facebook's Prophet 这两种著名预测方法在股价预测方面的表现。通过实证实验和案例研究来评估这两种方法的预测准确性、可解释性和适应性,从而揭示它们各自的优势和局限性。这些实验表明,与使用单一数据源相比,预测的股票价格更接近实际价格。此外,实现的 MAPE 分别为 0.01、0.025 和 0.025,优于传统方法。我们对有效性的验证扩展到了包括 NIFTY50 指数在内的真实世界数据集。这些发现为寻求有效股价预测策略的研究人员和从业人员提供了宝贵的见解。
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引用次数: 0
IoT-Based Smart Glove for Pollution Monitoring and Potholes mapping using Node-MCU 使用 Node-MCU 绘制基于物联网的污染监测和坑洼地图的智能手套
Q4 Mathematics Pub Date : 2024-07-05 DOI: 10.52783/cana.v31.947
Dr.Kaushalya Thopate, Dr.Deepali S. Jadhav, Ms.Kalyani Ghuge, Dr.Virat V Giri, Dr. Ganesh B. Dongre, Mrs.Archana, Bhushan Burujwale
In a nation where the majority of transport is characterized by road transport and the large number of vehicles moving on the expansive road networks, the pressuring issues of potholes and pollution their stemming wear and tear, and the health hazards caused due to that have posed formidable challenges to the authorities as well as the individuals moving around also. To address these critical concerns of society we have introduced an IoT-based (Node-MCU) smart glove that continuously collects the real-time data of pollution and the exact locations of the potholes. This innovative solution not only provides enhanced pothole detection along the provided route but gives insights of the air quality along their routes. introducing the remembrance factor and managing the previous data on potholes and pollution along with the severity index to prioritize hazardous repairs on the route. All Together the smart glove ensures the driver's safety by delivering real-time data of the conditions of the routes.
在一个以公路运输为主要交通方式的国家,大量车辆在广阔的公路网络上行驶,坑洼、污染、磨损以及由此造成的健康危害等问题给政府部门和人们的出行带来了巨大的挑战。为了解决这些重大的社会问题,我们推出了一种基于物联网(节点-管理单元)的智能手套,它能持续收集污染的实时数据和坑洼的准确位置。这一创新解决方案不仅能加强对所提供路线上坑洞的检测,还能深入了解沿途的空气质量。它还引入了记忆因素,管理以前关于坑洞和污染的数据以及严重程度指数,以便优先进行路线上的危险维修。总之,智能手套通过提供路线状况的实时数据来确保驾驶员的安全。
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引用次数: 0
期刊
Communications on Applied Nonlinear Analysis
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