Pub Date : 2022-05-30DOI: 10.53771/ijbpsa.2022.3.2.0041
Snehal Singh, Ramesh Chandra Agrawal
The present study was undertaken to explore the phytochemical screening, antioxidant and anti-bacterial activities of the hydro-methanolic leaves extract of Carica papaya using standard screening methods such as disc diffusion, DPPH methods. In phytochemical screening, Carica papaya leaf extract showed presence of secondary metabolites such as Carbohydrate, phenols, saponins, and tanins. It also showed dose dependent antibacterial and antioxidant activities.
{"title":"Pharmacological studies of Carica papaya leaves extract","authors":"Snehal Singh, Ramesh Chandra Agrawal","doi":"10.53771/ijbpsa.2022.3.2.0041","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.53771/ijbpsa.2022.3.2.0041","url":null,"abstract":"The present study was undertaken to explore the phytochemical screening, antioxidant and anti-bacterial activities of the hydro-methanolic leaves extract of Carica papaya using standard screening methods such as disc diffusion, DPPH methods. In phytochemical screening, Carica papaya leaf extract showed presence of secondary metabolites such as Carbohydrate, phenols, saponins, and tanins. It also showed dose dependent antibacterial and antioxidant activities.","PeriodicalId":400966,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Biological and Pharmaceutical Sciences Archive","volume":"58 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-05-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"117040549","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-05-30DOI: 10.53771/ijbpsa.2022.3.2.0049
Evelyn Ogochukwu Nwachukwu, Godwin Christian Akuodor, Joseph Olanrewaju Oyindamola, Kingsley Chimsorom Chilaka, Cajetan Elochukwu Ilo, Ejeatuluchukwu Obi, Prince Chiazor Unekwe
Detarium senegalense, J.F. Gmelin (Fabaceae) is used in Nigerian folk medicine to treat different diseases including epilepsy, microbial infections, gastrointestinal diseases and inflammation; its efficacy is widely acclaimed among communities in South Eastern Nigeria. The leaf extract (100 mg/kg, 200 mg/kg and 400 mg/kg) was evaluated for its anticonvulsant activity in mice. Three different study models were used; pentylenetetrazole (PTZ), brucine and isoniazid (INH) convulsion methods. The acute toxicity study and the phytochemical analysis of the extract were also determined. The extract produced significant (p<0.05 and p<0.01) dose-dependent delay in onset, frequency and duration of seizures in mice in the three models of convulsion which is comparable to the standard anticonvulsant drug. The oral acute toxicity test was greater than 5000 mg/kg in mice. The phytochemical screening revealed that D. senegalense leaf extract contains bioactive principles that are relevant in the management of seizure disorders. These findings suggest that D. senegalense leaf extract possesses anticonvulsant properties and justifies its use in traditional medicine.
{"title":"Evaluation of the anticonvulsant properties of the ethanol extract of Detarium senegalense leaves in mice","authors":"Evelyn Ogochukwu Nwachukwu, Godwin Christian Akuodor, Joseph Olanrewaju Oyindamola, Kingsley Chimsorom Chilaka, Cajetan Elochukwu Ilo, Ejeatuluchukwu Obi, Prince Chiazor Unekwe","doi":"10.53771/ijbpsa.2022.3.2.0049","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.53771/ijbpsa.2022.3.2.0049","url":null,"abstract":"Detarium senegalense, J.F. Gmelin (Fabaceae) is used in Nigerian folk medicine to treat different diseases including epilepsy, microbial infections, gastrointestinal diseases and inflammation; its efficacy is widely acclaimed among communities in South Eastern Nigeria. The leaf extract (100 mg/kg, 200 mg/kg and 400 mg/kg) was evaluated for its anticonvulsant activity in mice. Three different study models were used; pentylenetetrazole (PTZ), brucine and isoniazid (INH) convulsion methods. The acute toxicity study and the phytochemical analysis of the extract were also determined. The extract produced significant (p<0.05 and p<0.01) dose-dependent delay in onset, frequency and duration of seizures in mice in the three models of convulsion which is comparable to the standard anticonvulsant drug. The oral acute toxicity test was greater than 5000 mg/kg in mice. The phytochemical screening revealed that D. senegalense leaf extract contains bioactive principles that are relevant in the management of seizure disorders. These findings suggest that D. senegalense leaf extract possesses anticonvulsant properties and justifies its use in traditional medicine.","PeriodicalId":400966,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Biological and Pharmaceutical Sciences Archive","volume":"29 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-05-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"126136759","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-05-30DOI: 10.53771/ijbpsa.2022.3.2.0061
Adrian Srikishen, Gomathinayagam Subramanian
The increase in resistance of pathogenic fungi towards normal antifungals has led to a decrease in their effectiveness in the treatment of fungal diseases. Therefore, the need for newer forms of treatment is urgent, leading to studies into traditional medicines, specifically those of herbal natures. Batis maritima is one such plant, which has historically been used in herbal remedies for the treatment of a wide range of diseases, many of which are results of fungal pathogens. The focus of this study was therefore to determine the effectiveness of alcoholic extract of leaves of B. maritima as an antifungal agent against two animal pathogens. Crude alcoholic extracts of leaves of B. maritima were prepared in concentrations of 50%, 10% 5% and 1%. These were then subjected to antifungal assays against Aspergillus flavus and Malassezia sp., using the Well Diffusion method. The results of the tests showed Zones of Inhibition of 55.9 ± 3.40 mm, 52.7 ± 1.72 mm and 47.0 ± 3.68 mm, respectively, for the 10% 5% and 1% extracts against A. flavus; no inhibition was seen with the 50% extract concentration. With respect to Malassezia sp., inhibition of 25.3 ± 5.44 mm was observed at 50% extract concentration, with no inhibition at lower concentrations. It may therefore be seen from these findings that alcoholic leaf extracts of B. maritima prove to be effective against A. flavus while lesser effective against Malassezia sp.
{"title":"Antifungal activity of alcoholic extracts of Batis maritima against animal pathogens","authors":"Adrian Srikishen, Gomathinayagam Subramanian","doi":"10.53771/ijbpsa.2022.3.2.0061","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.53771/ijbpsa.2022.3.2.0061","url":null,"abstract":"The increase in resistance of pathogenic fungi towards normal antifungals has led to a decrease in their effectiveness in the treatment of fungal diseases. Therefore, the need for newer forms of treatment is urgent, leading to studies into traditional medicines, specifically those of herbal natures. Batis maritima is one such plant, which has historically been used in herbal remedies for the treatment of a wide range of diseases, many of which are results of fungal pathogens. The focus of this study was therefore to determine the effectiveness of alcoholic extract of leaves of B. maritima as an antifungal agent against two animal pathogens. Crude alcoholic extracts of leaves of B. maritima were prepared in concentrations of 50%, 10% 5% and 1%. These were then subjected to antifungal assays against Aspergillus flavus and Malassezia sp., using the Well Diffusion method. The results of the tests showed Zones of Inhibition of 55.9 ± 3.40 mm, 52.7 ± 1.72 mm and 47.0 ± 3.68 mm, respectively, for the 10% 5% and 1% extracts against A. flavus; no inhibition was seen with the 50% extract concentration. With respect to Malassezia sp., inhibition of 25.3 ± 5.44 mm was observed at 50% extract concentration, with no inhibition at lower concentrations. It may therefore be seen from these findings that alcoholic leaf extracts of B. maritima prove to be effective against A. flavus while lesser effective against Malassezia sp.","PeriodicalId":400966,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Biological and Pharmaceutical Sciences Archive","volume":"25 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-05-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130052030","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-05-30DOI: 10.53771/ijbpsa.2022.3.2.0052
Muthuswami Ruby Rajan, Kamaraj Ramana Devi
Zinc oxide nanoparticles were synthesized and characterized by UV-VIS, SEM, EDAX, and FTIR. Different concentrations of zinc oxide nanoparticles such as 20,40,60,80 and 100 mg were prepared for treating dying industry effluent. In this study, different quantities of dye industry effluent on the survival of Common carp as function of exposure time and mortality were analyzed. Based on the acute toxicity test 1/100 (T1), 1/50 (T2), 1/10 (T3) of LC50 value were selected for the sub-lethal test and feed utilization and hematological parameters were estimated after 14 days. The UV-Visible absorption spectra show that ZnO nanoparticles exhibit strong adsorption at 370nm. SEM image shows that the zinc oxide nanoparticles were observed at the wavelength range of 10.81mm (2μm), and 10.8mm (10μm). EDAX spectrum recorded on the zinc oxide nanoparticles is shown as two peaks were located on the spectrum at 1.00 KeV and 8.62 KeV. The FTIR spectrum of zinc oxide nanoparticles was analyzed in the range of 500-4000cm-1. Feed utilization parameters were higher in T3. Haematological parameters such as WBC, Hemoglobin, RBC, Haematocrit and platelets count of Common carp is gradually decreased from T1 to T3 and MVC, MCH and MCHC gradually increased from T1 to T3.
{"title":"Impact of zinc oxide nanoparticles treated dye industry effluent on growth and hematological characteristics of common carp","authors":"Muthuswami Ruby Rajan, Kamaraj Ramana Devi","doi":"10.53771/ijbpsa.2022.3.2.0052","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.53771/ijbpsa.2022.3.2.0052","url":null,"abstract":"Zinc oxide nanoparticles were synthesized and characterized by UV-VIS, SEM, EDAX, and FTIR. Different concentrations of zinc oxide nanoparticles such as 20,40,60,80 and 100 mg were prepared for treating dying industry effluent. In this study, different quantities of dye industry effluent on the survival of Common carp as function of exposure time and mortality were analyzed. Based on the acute toxicity test 1/100 (T1), 1/50 (T2), 1/10 (T3) of LC50 value were selected for the sub-lethal test and feed utilization and hematological parameters were estimated after 14 days. The UV-Visible absorption spectra show that ZnO nanoparticles exhibit strong adsorption at 370nm. SEM image shows that the zinc oxide nanoparticles were observed at the wavelength range of 10.81mm (2μm), and 10.8mm (10μm). EDAX spectrum recorded on the zinc oxide nanoparticles is shown as two peaks were located on the spectrum at 1.00 KeV and 8.62 KeV. The FTIR spectrum of zinc oxide nanoparticles was analyzed in the range of 500-4000cm-1. Feed utilization parameters were higher in T3. Haematological parameters such as WBC, Hemoglobin, RBC, Haematocrit and platelets count of Common carp is gradually decreased from T1 to T3 and MVC, MCH and MCHC gradually increased from T1 to T3.","PeriodicalId":400966,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Biological and Pharmaceutical Sciences Archive","volume":"52 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-05-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"122102037","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-05-30DOI: 10.53771/ijbpsa.2022.3.2.0056
Kuntala Neog Barua, Bebija L. Singha, Bonanya Bora, Satyam Bordoloi
Genus Dendrobium of Orchidaceae prized for their floricultural excellence, that have fascinated the commercial growers all over the world and attention has paid to exploit this group. Destruction of specific habitats encourage the species vanished and need attention to conservation and restoration of rare and endangered taxa. In vitro seed propagation is the most popular multiplication technique and indispensable components of plant genetic resource management. Present observation deals with the effect of different media on In vitro seed proliferation and growth of plantlets of two endangered Dendrobium – D. lituiflorum Lindl. and D. aduncum Lindl. for large scale propagation. In D. lituiflorum, the highest germination percentage (95.48%) was recorded in MS medium supplemented with yeast extract, otherwise, in D. aduncum, 90.43 % germination was recorded in medium supplemented with potato extract. Quick proliferation of D. lituiflorum by the use of banana extract exhibited 12.5±1.77 number of shoot and 12.5±1.77 length. However, maximum number of shoots as 14.5±1.77 and length 4.84±0.58 cm. recorded in D. aduncum. After 12 weeks of culture, the medium containing 1.5 mgL-1 IBA supplemented with 0.2% banana extract showed maximum root formation (5.9±0.95) in D. lituiflorum. Otherwise, in D. aduncum, the highest number of roots7.9±1.33 per shoot was recorded the medium supplemented with 1.5mgL-1 IBA and 0.2% potato extract after 9 week of culture. In green house condition the seedlings of D. lituiflorum showed better performance in the medium containing brick chips: charcoal: coconut husk (1:1:2) and brick chips: charcoal: sphagnum moss (1:1:2) is better for D. aduncum. Seed derived propagation is very easy approach for multiplication of these species and could be successfully applied for mass multiplication intended for future conservation, and commercial aspects.
{"title":"In vitro seed propagation of endangered Dendrobium - Dendrobium lituiflorum Lindl. and D. aduncum Lindl.","authors":"Kuntala Neog Barua, Bebija L. Singha, Bonanya Bora, Satyam Bordoloi","doi":"10.53771/ijbpsa.2022.3.2.0056","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.53771/ijbpsa.2022.3.2.0056","url":null,"abstract":"Genus Dendrobium of Orchidaceae prized for their floricultural excellence, that have fascinated the commercial growers all over the world and attention has paid to exploit this group. Destruction of specific habitats encourage the species vanished and need attention to conservation and restoration of rare and endangered taxa. In vitro seed propagation is the most popular multiplication technique and indispensable components of plant genetic resource management. Present observation deals with the effect of different media on In vitro seed proliferation and growth of plantlets of two endangered Dendrobium – D. lituiflorum Lindl. and D. aduncum Lindl. for large scale propagation. In D. lituiflorum, the highest germination percentage (95.48%) was recorded in MS medium supplemented with yeast extract, otherwise, in D. aduncum, 90.43 % germination was recorded in medium supplemented with potato extract. Quick proliferation of D. lituiflorum by the use of banana extract exhibited 12.5±1.77 number of shoot and 12.5±1.77 length. However, maximum number of shoots as 14.5±1.77 and length 4.84±0.58 cm. recorded in D. aduncum. After 12 weeks of culture, the medium containing 1.5 mgL-1 IBA supplemented with 0.2% banana extract showed maximum root formation (5.9±0.95) in D. lituiflorum. Otherwise, in D. aduncum, the highest number of roots7.9±1.33 per shoot was recorded the medium supplemented with 1.5mgL-1 IBA and 0.2% potato extract after 9 week of culture. In green house condition the seedlings of D. lituiflorum showed better performance in the medium containing brick chips: charcoal: coconut husk (1:1:2) and brick chips: charcoal: sphagnum moss (1:1:2) is better for D. aduncum. Seed derived propagation is very easy approach for multiplication of these species and could be successfully applied for mass multiplication intended for future conservation, and commercial aspects.","PeriodicalId":400966,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Biological and Pharmaceutical Sciences Archive","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-05-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"128995071","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Oxidative stress has been implicated in the pathogenesis of many pathological cases. it is implicated in both organ and systemic dysfunction. Gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) is a pathological condition with first onset observed during pregnancy. It causes pregnancy complications and affects 2-7% of pregnant women. For that purpose, this studywas performed with 94 pregnant women with informed consent,51 were diagnosed with GDMand 43 apparently healthy pregnant women. The following parameters were assessed: Malondialdehyde (MDA), Total Antioxidant Capacity (TAC), Total Plasma Peroxide (TPP) and Oxidative Stress Index (OSI). MDA, TPP, and TAC were determined colorimetrically and OSI calculated. Anthropometric indices (weight, height, BMI) and socio-demographic data were determined using standard methods. Data generated were analysed using ANOVA, Student t-test, LSD post hoc and Pearson correlation at P<0.05. The TAC level was significantly higher in control groups (p<0.05), while TPP and OSI were significantly higher in the GDM group compared to control group (p<0.05). A significant negative correlation was observed between TAC and OSI in GDM group (r= -0.486, p=0.005*), and a positive correlation between MDA and BMI, as well as MDA and Age in GDM group (r=0.527, p=0.002* and r=0.375, p=0.034* respectively). GDM patients tend to have a higher TPP level and decreased TAC which may enhance the pathogenesis or pathophysiology of these conditions.
{"title":"Evaluation of malondialdehyde, total plasma peroxides, total antioxidant capacity and oxidative stress index in gestational diabetes mellitus","authors":"Idongesit Kokoabasi Isong, Kaiso-Umo Sunday Esiere, Olufemi Ebenezer Akinluwade, Euphoria Chimuanya Akwiwu, Iya Eze Bassey, Onyinechi Nehemiah Iwejuo, Kingsley John Emmanuel, Kunle Joseph Akinluwade","doi":"10.53771/ijbpsa.2022.3.2.0044","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.53771/ijbpsa.2022.3.2.0044","url":null,"abstract":"Oxidative stress has been implicated in the pathogenesis of many pathological cases. it is implicated in both organ and systemic dysfunction. Gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) is a pathological condition with first onset observed during pregnancy. It causes pregnancy complications and affects 2-7% of pregnant women. For that purpose, this studywas performed with 94 pregnant women with informed consent,51 were diagnosed with GDMand 43 apparently healthy pregnant women. The following parameters were assessed: Malondialdehyde (MDA), Total Antioxidant Capacity (TAC), Total Plasma Peroxide (TPP) and Oxidative Stress Index (OSI). MDA, TPP, and TAC were determined colorimetrically and OSI calculated. Anthropometric indices (weight, height, BMI) and socio-demographic data were determined using standard methods. Data generated were analysed using ANOVA, Student t-test, LSD post hoc and Pearson correlation at P<0.05. The TAC level was significantly higher in control groups (p<0.05), while TPP and OSI were significantly higher in the GDM group compared to control group (p<0.05). A significant negative correlation was observed between TAC and OSI in GDM group (r= -0.486, p=0.005*), and a positive correlation between MDA and BMI, as well as MDA and Age in GDM group (r=0.527, p=0.002* and r=0.375, p=0.034* respectively). GDM patients tend to have a higher TPP level and decreased TAC which may enhance the pathogenesis or pathophysiology of these conditions.","PeriodicalId":400966,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Biological and Pharmaceutical Sciences Archive","volume":"37 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-05-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"117276915","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-05-30DOI: 10.53771/ijbpsa.2022.3.2.0040
Nasreen Kader Kamel
The spontaneous loss of conception before 20-21weeks of gestation called miscarriage, and thyroid dysfunction acts as risk factor for recurrent abortion for negative R uses of goiter pregnancy. The Study aimed to investigate the hypothyroidism goiter state in miscarriage abortion during second trimester reliance upon blood groups and R uses system. Material& Methods:135 subjects was carried out in prospective study at Kirkuk teaching hospital, since from April to first of July 2021 .The study included 45 cases of miscarriage abortions, while 45 was healthy control pregnancy and study constituted 45 women with goiter hypothyroidism of same fertility age ranged at 27- 40 years determined hormones level (T4 (thyroxin), T3 (triiodothyronine), TSH (thyroid stimulating hormone), LH (luteinization hormone), Prolactin (PRL) by ELISA method, and blood groups antigen due to reaction with antibody serum pregnancy and abortion by using slide test method. Questionnaire was complete taken for all women, such as metabolic, chronic diseases and endocrine disorder. Results: The mean T4 level in cases of recurrent abortion was (119.21±1.98 mmol/l), while in control group was (4.78±0.76ng/dl) during second trimester in negative R uses groups, the mean level of LH in negative R uses group in recurrent abortion cases was (9.91±1.23 mu/l),, while in control group was (6.41±1.18 mmol/l) during second trimester for negative Ruses group, and the level of T3 was (17.21±1.42 mmol/l) in miscarriage abortion while in control group was (1.56±0.5 ng/dl) during second trimester at p<0.05. Identifications of blood groups and Ruses factor in healthy pregnant was (30 women Rh+) and (15 women Rh_) when (17 blood group A, 13 blood group B), while in miscarriage abortion was (18 women Rh+) and (27womenRh_), when (11 blood group A, 20 blood group B). Conclusion: The hypothyroidism goiter pregnancy repressed LH and prolactin highly level during miscarriage abortion lead to outcome of pregnancy under lowering level of T4, TSH suppression in negative Ruses with blood group B at age ranged about 27- 40years thru second trimester after 21 weeks ago of the gestation.
{"title":"Hypothyroidism in miscarriage abortion during second trimester regarding on the ABO- Rh blood system","authors":"Nasreen Kader Kamel","doi":"10.53771/ijbpsa.2022.3.2.0040","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.53771/ijbpsa.2022.3.2.0040","url":null,"abstract":"The spontaneous loss of conception before 20-21weeks of gestation called miscarriage, and thyroid dysfunction acts as risk factor for recurrent abortion for negative R uses of goiter pregnancy. The Study aimed to investigate the hypothyroidism goiter state in miscarriage abortion during second trimester reliance upon blood groups and R uses system. Material& Methods:135 subjects was carried out in prospective study at Kirkuk teaching hospital, since from April to first of July 2021 .The study included 45 cases of miscarriage abortions, while 45 was healthy control pregnancy and study constituted 45 women with goiter hypothyroidism of same fertility age ranged at 27- 40 years determined hormones level (T4 (thyroxin), T3 (triiodothyronine), TSH (thyroid stimulating hormone), LH (luteinization hormone), Prolactin (PRL) by ELISA method, and blood groups antigen due to reaction with antibody serum pregnancy and abortion by using slide test method. Questionnaire was complete taken for all women, such as metabolic, chronic diseases and endocrine disorder. Results: The mean T4 level in cases of recurrent abortion was (119.21±1.98 mmol/l), while in control group was (4.78±0.76ng/dl) during second trimester in negative R uses groups, the mean level of LH in negative R uses group in recurrent abortion cases was (9.91±1.23 mu/l),, while in control group was (6.41±1.18 mmol/l) during second trimester for negative Ruses group, and the level of T3 was (17.21±1.42 mmol/l) in miscarriage abortion while in control group was (1.56±0.5 ng/dl) during second trimester at p<0.05. Identifications of blood groups and Ruses factor in healthy pregnant was (30 women Rh+) and (15 women Rh_) when (17 blood group A, 13 blood group B), while in miscarriage abortion was (18 women Rh+) and (27womenRh_), when (11 blood group A, 20 blood group B). Conclusion: The hypothyroidism goiter pregnancy repressed LH and prolactin highly level during miscarriage abortion lead to outcome of pregnancy under lowering level of T4, TSH suppression in negative Ruses with blood group B at age ranged about 27- 40years thru second trimester after 21 weeks ago of the gestation.","PeriodicalId":400966,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Biological and Pharmaceutical Sciences Archive","volume":"12 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-05-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130670701","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-05-30DOI: 10.53771/ijbpsa.2022.3.2.0051
Mussa M. Alkhatib, Entesar Hussain madi, Mohammed Khadim Wali
Background: Meat is considered a good source of animal vitamins, minerals, and proteins in some parts of the world, such as the Arabian Peninsula, India, and the Middle East. Measuring metal concentrations in camel meat is therefore essential for preventing food safety threats, which in turn protect consumers. Camel meat can be contaminated with heavy metals that may pose problems for human health and food safety. Methods: In this study, a determination of the concentrations of heavy or toxic metals that may be harmful to human health was made in camel meat obtained from different sources and butcher shops over a period of time in Samawah city. A total of 100 samples from different locations in Samawah city were collected for measurement each week using an atomic absorption spectrometer. Results: This was a positive sign for ensuring human health since camel meat was not polluted in any of the tested samples.
{"title":"Estimation of heavy metals in fresh camel meat in Samawah city as a human food hygiene","authors":"Mussa M. Alkhatib, Entesar Hussain madi, Mohammed Khadim Wali","doi":"10.53771/ijbpsa.2022.3.2.0051","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.53771/ijbpsa.2022.3.2.0051","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Meat is considered a good source of animal vitamins, minerals, and proteins in some parts of the world, such as the Arabian Peninsula, India, and the Middle East. Measuring metal concentrations in camel meat is therefore essential for preventing food safety threats, which in turn protect consumers. Camel meat can be contaminated with heavy metals that may pose problems for human health and food safety. Methods: In this study, a determination of the concentrations of heavy or toxic metals that may be harmful to human health was made in camel meat obtained from different sources and butcher shops over a period of time in Samawah city. A total of 100 samples from different locations in Samawah city were collected for measurement each week using an atomic absorption spectrometer. Results: This was a positive sign for ensuring human health since camel meat was not polluted in any of the tested samples.","PeriodicalId":400966,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Biological and Pharmaceutical Sciences Archive","volume":"9 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-05-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"128120014","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-05-30DOI: 10.53771/ijbpsa.2022.3.2.0042
Jahida Begum, W Islam
The contact and gustatory effects of spinosad on the mortality and repellency of Cryptolestes pusillus (Schon.) were conducted under laboratory conditions. Spinosad at 0.32 l/g caused lowest mortality (16.67±1.67% of 2nd instar larva of C. pusillus in wheat after 24h and highest mortality (59.14±1.65%) was observed at 1.25 l/g in wheat after 72 h exposure. The LC50 value was 0.11 l/g in wheat after 72 h, which indicated that spinosad is highly toxic against the 2nd instar larvae of C. pusillus. In case of 4th instar larvae highest mortality (58.12±3.45%) were observed at 1.25 l/g concentration but lowest 10.00± 2.10 after 24 h exposure. The highest mortality was observed (40.00±2.88%) in adults. The different doses (1.25, 0.63, 0.32, 016 and 0.08 l/ml) of spinosad showed repellent activities against adults of C. pusillus. All the doses of spinosad offered 0.1% level of significance (P<0.01). Spinosad used in this experiment have great potential in the control of C. pusillus which is important from the Integrated Pest Management and the Global Environmental Protection point of views.
在实验室条件下，研究了spinosad对隐蝽(Cryptolestes pusillus)死亡率和驱避力的接触效应和味觉效应。Spinosad 0.32 l / g引起的死亡率最低(16.67±1.67%的二龄幼虫的c . pusillus小麦后24 h和死亡率最高(59.14±1.65%)观察到1.25 l / g小麦72 h后曝光。72h后对小麦的LC50值为0.11 l/g，表明spinosad对pusillus 2龄幼虫具有很强的毒力。4龄幼虫在浓度为1.25 l/g时死亡率最高(58.12±3.45%)，24 h后死亡率最低(10.00±2.10);成人死亡率最高(40.00±2.88%)。不同剂量(1.25、0.63、0.32、016和0.08 l/ml)的spinosad对小蠹成虫均有驱避作用。所有剂量的spinosad均有0.1%的显著性水平(P<0.01)。本试验所使用的Spinosad在防治小蠹蛾方面具有很大的潜力，从害虫综合治理和全球环境保护的角度来看具有重要意义。
{"title":"Toxic and repellent potentials of spinosad against Cryptolestes pusillus (Schon.) (Coleoptera: Cucujidae)","authors":"Jahida Begum, W Islam","doi":"10.53771/ijbpsa.2022.3.2.0042","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.53771/ijbpsa.2022.3.2.0042","url":null,"abstract":"The contact and gustatory effects of spinosad on the mortality and repellency of Cryptolestes pusillus (Schon.) were conducted under laboratory conditions. Spinosad at 0.32 l/g caused lowest mortality (16.67±1.67% of 2nd instar larva of C. pusillus in wheat after 24h and highest mortality (59.14±1.65%) was observed at 1.25 l/g in wheat after 72 h exposure. The LC50 value was 0.11 l/g in wheat after 72 h, which indicated that spinosad is highly toxic against the 2nd instar larvae of C. pusillus. In case of 4th instar larvae highest mortality (58.12±3.45%) were observed at 1.25 l/g concentration but lowest 10.00± 2.10 after 24 h exposure. The highest mortality was observed (40.00±2.88%) in adults. The different doses (1.25, 0.63, 0.32, 016 and 0.08 l/ml) of spinosad showed repellent activities against adults of C. pusillus. All the doses of spinosad offered 0.1% level of significance (P<0.01). Spinosad used in this experiment have great potential in the control of C. pusillus which is important from the Integrated Pest Management and the Global Environmental Protection point of views.","PeriodicalId":400966,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Biological and Pharmaceutical Sciences Archive","volume":"334 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-05-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"133003423","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Malnutrition is a leading cause of decreased school performance and an array of conditions, including delayed puberty. This study was conducted to assess the nutritional status and the serum testosterone, estradiol and prolactin levels in secondary school students aged 11-16 years. A total of 176 secondary school students within Calabar metropolis participated in this study of which 49.4% were male and 50.6% were female. The pubertal status—puberche, thelarche and menarche of the subjects were documented. Nutritional status was determined using standardized technique for anthropometry and WHO Anthroplus software. Sex hormone levels were assayed using ELISA. Statistical analysis was done using SPSS. Analysis of the results showed that 51% of the boys exhibited some degree of pubarche compared to 47.2% of the females. Thelarche and menarche were exhibited by 73% and 49.4% of girls respectively. A comparison of age, anthropometric indices, prolactin, estradiol and testosterone in male and female subjects in the study showed that girls had significantly higher body mass index (p = 0.023), estradiol (p = 0.0001) and prolactin (p=0.007) but significantly lowered testosterone (p=0.0001) compared to their male counterparts. There was however, no statistical significant difference (p>0.05) in the mean height and weight of both groups. The nutritional status in the study showed that 3.4% of the adolescents were stunted, 6.8% were wasting, 89.2% were normal, 3.4% were overweight while 0.6% were obese. The boys and girls had comparable frequencies of stunting, thinness/wasting, normal, overweight and obesity. Five adolescent girls and seven adolescent boys showed predisposition to delayed puberty. Poor nutritional status and low sex hormones were found to be predisposing factors for delayed puberty, and more male were so disposed.
{"title":"Puberty and nutritional status in adolescents","authors":"Idongesit Kokoabasi Isong, Olufemi Ebenezer Akinluwade, Kaiso-Umo Sunday Esiere, Iya Eze Bassey, Euphoria Chimuanya Akwiwu, James Inyang Asuquo, Kunle Joseph Akinluwade","doi":"10.53771/ijbpsa.2022.3.2.0026","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.53771/ijbpsa.2022.3.2.0026","url":null,"abstract":"Malnutrition is a leading cause of decreased school performance and an array of conditions, including delayed puberty. This study was conducted to assess the nutritional status and the serum testosterone, estradiol and prolactin levels in secondary school students aged 11-16 years. A total of 176 secondary school students within Calabar metropolis participated in this study of which 49.4% were male and 50.6% were female. The pubertal status—puberche, thelarche and menarche of the subjects were documented. Nutritional status was determined using standardized technique for anthropometry and WHO Anthroplus software. Sex hormone levels were assayed using ELISA. Statistical analysis was done using SPSS. Analysis of the results showed that 51% of the boys exhibited some degree of pubarche compared to 47.2% of the females. Thelarche and menarche were exhibited by 73% and 49.4% of girls respectively. A comparison of age, anthropometric indices, prolactin, estradiol and testosterone in male and female subjects in the study showed that girls had significantly higher body mass index (p = 0.023), estradiol (p = 0.0001) and prolactin (p=0.007) but significantly lowered testosterone (p=0.0001) compared to their male counterparts. There was however, no statistical significant difference (p>0.05) in the mean height and weight of both groups. The nutritional status in the study showed that 3.4% of the adolescents were stunted, 6.8% were wasting, 89.2% were normal, 3.4% were overweight while 0.6% were obese. The boys and girls had comparable frequencies of stunting, thinness/wasting, normal, overweight and obesity. Five adolescent girls and seven adolescent boys showed predisposition to delayed puberty. Poor nutritional status and low sex hormones were found to be predisposing factors for delayed puberty, and more male were so disposed.","PeriodicalId":400966,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Biological and Pharmaceutical Sciences Archive","volume":"19 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-04-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"121968248","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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