Since its promulgation in 1896, the German Civil Code, one of the most influential civil codes in the world, has been translated into English several times. Thanks to the Code’s jurisprudential quality, both its English translation and the translating process are of high value and offer various starting points for profound research. However, so far, there have been hardly any substantial studies of the Code’s English translation, neither from the comparative legal or forensic linguistic perspective nor from other angles. This paper attempts to make a substantive, interdisciplinary – i.e., forensic linguistic – content-related, and jurisprudential study of the Code’s English translation to address this research lacuna. To that end, it focuses on two aspects of the statute law’s provisions, i.e., respectively from the lexical and syntactic perspective.
{"title":"A translatological and forensic-linguistic study of the English translation of the German Civil Code","authors":"Qiang Wang","doi":"10.1075/BABEL.00225.WAN","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1075/BABEL.00225.WAN","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000Since its promulgation in 1896, the German Civil Code, one of the most influential civil codes in the world, has been translated into English several times. Thanks to the Code’s jurisprudential quality, both its English translation and the translating process are of high value and offer various starting points for profound research. However, so far, there have been hardly any substantial studies of the Code’s English translation, neither from the comparative legal or forensic linguistic perspective nor from other angles. This paper attempts to make a substantive, interdisciplinary – i.e., forensic linguistic – content-related, and jurisprudential study of the Code’s English translation to address this research lacuna. To that end, it focuses on two aspects of the statute law’s provisions, i.e., respectively from the lexical and syntactic perspective.","PeriodicalId":40183,"journal":{"name":"Babel-Litteratures Plurielles","volume":"41 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-05-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"77957288","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Abstract This study examines the degree of the adequate transference of humorous ECRs expressions in comedy animations from English into Persian dubbed and subtitled versions. It also identifies the most effective translation strategies for transferring humorous ECRs expressions in the Persian dubbed and subtitled versions. First, ECR-related humorous expressions were identified in the source texts, and later they were classified based on the classification of Nedergaard Larsen ( 1993 , 211) for ECRs. Subsequently, the identified humorous ECRs expressions were compared with their equivalent Persian dubbed and subtitled versions to determine whether they were transferred adequately. To examine the employed translation strategies in transferring humorous ECRs expressions, the study opted for Pedersen’s ( 2011 , 77–97) translation strategies for ECRs. The results showed that translators employed a target-oriented approach in the dubbed versions and a source-oriented approach in subtitled versions. However, both techniques could not retain the humorous criteria of the source texts. At the same time, the findings revealed that humorous ECRs expressions were transferred more adequately in the dubbed versions than the subtitled versions. Situational substitution and cultural substitution (by target culture ECR) strategies were the most effective translation strategies for dubbed versions. Similarly, situational substitution and generalization strategies were the most effective translation strategies for subtitled versions.
{"title":"Examining the transference of humorous expressions based on extralinguistic cultural references (ECRs) in comedy animations from English into Persian dubbed and subtitled versions","authors":"H. Sadeghpour","doi":"10.1075/BABEL.00226.SAD","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1075/BABEL.00226.SAD","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract This study examines the degree of the adequate transference of humorous ECRs expressions in comedy animations from English into Persian dubbed and subtitled versions. It also identifies the most effective translation strategies for transferring humorous ECRs expressions in the Persian dubbed and subtitled versions. First, ECR-related humorous expressions were identified in the source texts, and later they were classified based on the classification of Nedergaard Larsen ( 1993 , 211) for ECRs. Subsequently, the identified humorous ECRs expressions were compared with their equivalent Persian dubbed and subtitled versions to determine whether they were transferred adequately. To examine the employed translation strategies in transferring humorous ECRs expressions, the study opted for Pedersen’s ( 2011 , 77–97) translation strategies for ECRs. The results showed that translators employed a target-oriented approach in the dubbed versions and a source-oriented approach in subtitled versions. However, both techniques could not retain the humorous criteria of the source texts. At the same time, the findings revealed that humorous ECRs expressions were transferred more adequately in the dubbed versions than the subtitled versions. Situational substitution and cultural substitution (by target culture ECR) strategies were the most effective translation strategies for dubbed versions. Similarly, situational substitution and generalization strategies were the most effective translation strategies for subtitled versions.","PeriodicalId":40183,"journal":{"name":"Babel-Litteratures Plurielles","volume":"137 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-05-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"89352459","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Abstract The transfer of stories across borders in translation, adaptation, or remake is a common phenomenon in the globalized world. In Turkey, translating foreign audiovisual products to enrich the cultural repertoire has been a prominent practice. Focusing on the portrayal of female characters in contemporary remakes of several American TV series aired on primetime national channels in Turkey, this study aims to pinpoint audiovisual norms that guide the “transfer” of these characters for Turkish audience. The analysis seeks to exemplify how remakes deconstruct, reformulate, and thus (re)construct the representations of women’s identities in Turkey. The study initially concentrates on remakes as a genre, moves on to outline the practice in Turkey, and analyzes the reformulation of gender roles in line with Turkish societal norms within the scope of audiovisual translation from the gender perspective. The study singles out a series of norms that seem to guide and color the transfer of female characters in the remakes for the Turkish audience, elaborates on why it is necessary, and suggests the implications of such practices.
{"title":"Gender identification in the portrayal of female roles in the remakes of American TV series in Turkey","authors":"Sinem Sancaktaroğlu Bozkurt, A. Okyayuz","doi":"10.1075/BABEL.00224.SAN","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1075/BABEL.00224.SAN","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract The transfer of stories across borders in translation, adaptation, or remake is a common phenomenon in the globalized world. In Turkey, translating foreign audiovisual products to enrich the cultural repertoire has been a prominent practice. Focusing on the portrayal of female characters in contemporary remakes of several American TV series aired on primetime national channels in Turkey, this study aims to pinpoint audiovisual norms that guide the “transfer” of these characters for Turkish audience. The analysis seeks to exemplify how remakes deconstruct, reformulate, and thus (re)construct the representations of women’s identities in Turkey. The study initially concentrates on remakes as a genre, moves on to outline the practice in Turkey, and analyzes the reformulation of gender roles in line with Turkish societal norms within the scope of audiovisual translation from the gender perspective. The study singles out a series of norms that seem to guide and color the transfer of female characters in the remakes for the Turkish audience, elaborates on why it is necessary, and suggests the implications of such practices.","PeriodicalId":40183,"journal":{"name":"Babel-Litteratures Plurielles","volume":"24 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-05-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"82823191","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Abstract This paper deals with the challenge of developing a multilingual dictionary of touristic-cultural terms with Croatian as the source language, based on the principles of lexicography which include the rigorous metalexicographic methodology and the practical needs of users (tourism professionals, managers, teachers, and students of philological careers, as well as those related to tourism and hospitality). The project, broadly speaking, is divided into three phases. The current, first phase of research includes the elaboration of a corpus comprising a series of terms, simple units, or expressions from different areas with special attention to the realia of the source language, which do not exist in the target languages (German, English, Spanish and others). The second phase will involve the lemmatization of entries, their classification, the elaboration of appendices, and the modeling of parameters and definers that will be used in the lexicographical definition. The third phase covers the elaboration of the microstructure. At this stage, special emphasis will be placed on the type of lexicographic definitions (and their combinations) that will be used in the dictionary. It is expected that the dictionary would have photographic materials under copyright.
{"title":"Developing a multilingual dictionary of touristic-cultural terms (with Croatian as the source language)","authors":"Ivana Lončar, A. Pintarić","doi":"10.1075/BABEL.00221.LON","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1075/BABEL.00221.LON","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract This paper deals with the challenge of developing a multilingual dictionary of touristic-cultural terms with Croatian as the source language, based on the principles of lexicography which include the rigorous metalexicographic methodology and the practical needs of users (tourism professionals, managers, teachers, and students of philological careers, as well as those related to tourism and hospitality). The project, broadly speaking, is divided into three phases. The current, first phase of research includes the elaboration of a corpus comprising a series of terms, simple units, or expressions from different areas with special attention to the realia of the source language, which do not exist in the target languages (German, English, Spanish and others). The second phase will involve the lemmatization of entries, their classification, the elaboration of appendices, and the modeling of parameters and definers that will be used in the lexicographical definition. The third phase covers the elaboration of the microstructure. At this stage, special emphasis will be placed on the type of lexicographic definitions (and their combinations) that will be used in the dictionary. It is expected that the dictionary would have photographic materials under copyright.","PeriodicalId":40183,"journal":{"name":"Babel-Litteratures Plurielles","volume":"29 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-05-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"87602931","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Review of Federici & O’Brien (2020): Translation in Cascading Crisis","authors":"María Del Mar Sánchez Ramos","doi":"10.1075/BABEL.00223.MAR","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1075/BABEL.00223.MAR","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":40183,"journal":{"name":"Babel-Litteratures Plurielles","volume":"94 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-05-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"75322907","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
This contrastive study aims to analyze and compare the usages of one type of sentence connectors, reinforcing additive connectors, in English and in Spanish through a corpus-based approach, which relies on bidirectional translation data. The analysis includes behavioral profiles of each of the list of connectors in each language, comparisons among them, comparisons between original texts and translated texts in both directions, cross-register differences, translational options, and the connectors’ mutual correspondence, which shows the degree of equivalence of each pair of connectors based on how often they are translated into each other. The results show important differences in the use of reinforcing additive connectors, mainly connected with (a) the more even distribution in English as compared with the great predominance of one connector in Spanish, además; (b) a more marked tendency for explicitation in Spanish and for the use of zero translation in English; (c) generally low mutual correspondence values, which seem to reflect high language variation, richness, and complex mapping of resources utilized to connect sentences.
{"title":"Translating additive connectors from English into Spanish and vice versa","authors":"Belén Labrador","doi":"10.1075/BABEL.00211.LAB","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1075/BABEL.00211.LAB","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000This contrastive study aims to analyze and compare the usages of one type of sentence connectors, reinforcing additive connectors, in English and in Spanish through a corpus-based approach, which relies on bidirectional translation data. The analysis includes behavioral profiles of each of the list of connectors in each language, comparisons among them, comparisons between original texts and translated texts in both directions, cross-register differences, translational options, and the connectors’ mutual correspondence, which shows the degree of equivalence of each pair of connectors based on how often they are translated into each other. The results show important differences in the use of reinforcing additive connectors, mainly connected with (a) the more even distribution in English as compared with the great predominance of one connector in Spanish, además; (b) a more marked tendency for explicitation in Spanish and for the use of zero translation in English; (c) generally low mutual correspondence values, which seem to reflect high language variation, richness, and complex mapping of resources utilized to connect sentences.","PeriodicalId":40183,"journal":{"name":"Babel-Litteratures Plurielles","volume":"27 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-05-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"81197558","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Applying insights from Shi Er’s philosophic-cultural studies-based “boundary theory” to the construal of the nature of translation, this paper discusses the various aspects of what could be regarded as a generative approach to defining translation, ranging from the idea that translation is a “cross-boundary” activity of communication to the concept of translational generativity and to analyzing the fundamental properties of what could qualify or disqualify given texts as translation. It thus provides a new understanding of the nature of translation enhanced by elements of Chinese philosophy and culture.
{"title":"A cross-boundary approach to the generative nature of translation","authors":"Zaixi Tan","doi":"10.1075/BABEL.00214.TAN","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1075/BABEL.00214.TAN","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 Applying insights from Shi Er’s philosophic-cultural studies-based “boundary theory” to the construal of the nature of\u0000 translation, this paper discusses the various aspects of what could be regarded as a generative approach to defining translation, ranging\u0000 from the idea that translation is a “cross-boundary” activity of communication to the concept of translational generativity and to analyzing\u0000 the fundamental properties of what could qualify or disqualify given texts as translation. It thus provides a new understanding of the\u0000 nature of translation enhanced by elements of Chinese philosophy and culture.","PeriodicalId":40183,"journal":{"name":"Babel-Litteratures Plurielles","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-05-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"89883514","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Crítica de Postigo Pinazo (2020): La interpretación en un mundo cambiante: nuevos escenarios, tecnologías, retos formativos y grupos vulnerables","authors":"Marta Alcaide Martínez","doi":"10.1075/BABEL.00216.MAR","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1075/BABEL.00216.MAR","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":40183,"journal":{"name":"Babel-Litteratures Plurielles","volume":"52 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-05-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"89360285","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
In recent years, attempts have been made to unveil the role of women in the history of translation and have brought to light women’s contributions to translation, which had generally been overlooked in mainstream discourse on the history of translation. This study focuses on Zenobia Camprubí ’s (1887–1956) contribution to translation. Camprubí, the wife of the Spanish poet and Nobel laureate Juan Ramón Jiménez (1881–1958), translated literary and non-literary texts extensively from English into Spanish. In order to critically evaluate her impact as a translator, a thorough analysis is carried out, based on a mixed range of sources, such as newspapers, private correspondence, previous studies on Camprubí ’s work as a translator, and contemporary research on translation history. The results provide new insights regarding into the reception of Camprubí ’s translations at the time of publication (characterized by frequent comments with value judgments typically for women as well as unfounded questioning of her role as a translator), her unusual and distinctive (co-)translation method, and her presence in contemporary translation literature. Ultimately, this study reveals how, despite her undoubted commitment to translation, Camprubí never really stepped out of her husband’s shadow, which is, regrettably, the case of many other women translators.
{"title":"The poet’s wife","authors":"Pilar Ordóñez-López","doi":"10.1075/BABEL.00212.ORD","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1075/BABEL.00212.ORD","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000In recent years, attempts have been made to unveil the role of women in the history of translation and have brought to light women’s contributions to translation, which had generally been overlooked in mainstream discourse on the history of translation. This study focuses on Zenobia Camprubí ’s (1887–1956) contribution to translation. Camprubí, the wife of the Spanish poet and Nobel laureate Juan Ramón Jiménez (1881–1958), translated literary and non-literary texts extensively from English into Spanish. In order to critically evaluate her impact as a translator, a thorough analysis is carried out, based on a mixed range of sources, such as newspapers, private correspondence, previous studies on Camprubí ’s work as a translator, and contemporary research on translation history. The results provide new insights regarding into the reception of Camprubí ’s translations at the time of publication (characterized by frequent comments with value judgments typically for women as well as unfounded questioning of her role as a translator), her unusual and distinctive (co-)translation method, and her presence in contemporary translation literature. Ultimately, this study reveals how, despite her undoubted commitment to translation, Camprubí never really stepped out of her husband’s shadow, which is, regrettably, the case of many other women translators.","PeriodicalId":40183,"journal":{"name":"Babel-Litteratures Plurielles","volume":"22 8","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-05-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"72495989","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Review of Rodríguez Melchor, Horváth & Fergusson (2020): The Role of Technology in Conference Interpreter Training","authors":"Vorya Dastyar","doi":"10.1075/BABEL.00217.DAS","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1075/BABEL.00217.DAS","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":40183,"journal":{"name":"Babel-Litteratures Plurielles","volume":"39 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-05-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"81346082","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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