Pub Date : 2023-11-15DOI: 10.53656/his2023-6-6-new
Mira Markova
{"title":"New Documentary Evidence on the Life and Work of Georgi S. Rakovski","authors":"Mira Markova","doi":"10.53656/his2023-6-6-new","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.53656/his2023-6-6-new","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":40212,"journal":{"name":"Istoriya-History","volume":"20 9-10","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.2,"publicationDate":"2023-11-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139275092","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-11-15DOI: 10.53656/his2023-6-5-mus
Desilsava Vladimirova
{"title":"Muslim al-Naysābūrī and the Method of the Islamic Legal and Exegetical Tradition","authors":"Desilsava Vladimirova","doi":"10.53656/his2023-6-5-mus","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.53656/his2023-6-5-mus","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":40212,"journal":{"name":"Istoriya-History","volume":"23 2","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.2,"publicationDate":"2023-11-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139275887","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-11-15DOI: 10.53656/his2023-6-3-int
K. Paev
Among the emerging trends in history education in the first decades of the 21st century – strengthening of international cooperation in this field, change in value attitudes and orientations, as well as digitization in history education – the subject of this publication is the first trend. The article examines the activity of EUROCLIO and the International Association for History Didactics, their joint work with various organizations and institutions in the implementation of projects and the creation of history textbooks from the beginning of the XXI century.
{"title":"International Cooperation in History Education at the Beginning of the 21st Century","authors":"K. Paev","doi":"10.53656/his2023-6-3-int","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.53656/his2023-6-3-int","url":null,"abstract":"Among the emerging trends in history education in the first decades of the 21st century – strengthening of international cooperation in this field, change in value attitudes and orientations, as well as digitization in history education – the subject of this publication is the first trend. The article examines the activity of EUROCLIO and the International Association for History Didactics, their joint work with various organizations and institutions in the implementation of projects and the creation of history textbooks from the beginning of the XXI century.","PeriodicalId":40212,"journal":{"name":"Istoriya-History","volume":"30 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.2,"publicationDate":"2023-11-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139271470","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-11-15DOI: 10.53656/his2023-6-4-edu
Veselina Uzunova
History as a school subject has been present in the curricula ever since the establishment of the Bulgarian secular education, and over the years the study of history began to be given more and more importance in our educational system. Society‘s perceived need to acquire knowledge about the past is the only opportunity to better understand the present and anticipate the historical perspective. The radical changes that occurred in Bulgarian society in the second half of the 20th century led to the establishment of a completely new kind of educational system, built on the Soviet model as comprehensive and universally accessible, but at the same time politically burdened with the forcibly imposed new moral and ideological conjuncture. This process was most clearly visible in the arts, among which the discipline of History suffered particularly hard the long-term defeat of its ideologizing and outright falsification. The proposed research examines the political justification of the main historical concepts studied during the period of socialism, the development of the methodology of teaching history in schools between the reforms in 1948, 1959, 1968 and the follow-up of the situation after the end of the totalitarian regime in 1989 until the reform in 2002.
{"title":"Hıstory Educatıon between the Major Reforms in Bulgarıan Educatıon 1948 – 2002","authors":"Veselina Uzunova","doi":"10.53656/his2023-6-4-edu","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.53656/his2023-6-4-edu","url":null,"abstract":"History as a school subject has been present in the curricula ever since the establishment of the Bulgarian secular education, and over the years the study of history began to be given more and more importance in our educational system. Society‘s perceived need to acquire knowledge about the past is the only opportunity to better understand the present and anticipate the historical perspective. The radical changes that occurred in Bulgarian society in the second half of the 20th century led to the establishment of a completely new kind of educational system, built on the Soviet model as comprehensive and universally accessible, but at the same time politically burdened with the forcibly imposed new moral and ideological conjuncture. This process was most clearly visible in the arts, among which the discipline of History suffered particularly hard the long-term defeat of its ideologizing and outright falsification. The proposed research examines the political justification of the main historical concepts studied during the period of socialism, the development of the methodology of teaching history in schools between the reforms in 1948, 1959, 1968 and the follow-up of the situation after the end of the totalitarian regime in 1989 until the reform in 2002.","PeriodicalId":40212,"journal":{"name":"Istoriya-History","volume":"46 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.2,"publicationDate":"2023-11-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139272833","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-11-15DOI: 10.53656/his2023-6-2-val
S. Hanaba
The purpose of the article is to understand the lessons of history from the standpoint of human values and to emphasize the heritage of the past as a social resource capable of fostering understanding, tolerance, complicity and contributing to the solution of contemporary social problems. The methodological basis is the use of socio-philosophical analysis to characterize the historical process as the interaction of two principles: objectively determined and subjectively volitional. The axiological approach helped to analyse the educational potential of history in the modern world practices and to present education as a space of freedom in a person’s self-development. The scholar underlines that the change of historical eras causes a change in the established system of values. It is about the process of revaluation and the value system ‘creation’. No historical fact can be explained and evaluated beyond its historical time. The understanding of the past including its value system in the realities of the modern world determines the understanding of a person as a development system, which is carried out on the basis of the cultural-historical experience of a particular society. The formation of a new system of values and moral-ethical priorities of each historical era does not occur from scratch. The universal human virtues tested by time and sanctified by history serve as a basis for revising and creating worldview and value standards of a specific historical era. They appear to be a spiritual capital of humanity, accumulated over millennia, which will never depreciate, but on the contrary, will gain more value. The reference point in all historical processes is a person. The person is considered to be an active agent of history, who does not create his life under the influence of objective laws and external factors, but who combines his own intentions with the worldview and value orientations of his time. The basis of the historical reality manifestation is determined by the multifaceted nature of human existence. A picture of the past is created from small particles of historical events, individual touches, memories, a mosaic set of human perception of the world, which is more reliable, because it carries the ‘human spirit’. The focus of the scholar’s attention is the world of the unique and unrepeatable, and not the general and theoretically modelled one. Education built on the intentions of tolerance is designed to contribute to the formation of an individual capable of caring about the universal pain of human problems, to cultivate involvement as an important component of worldview mobility.
{"title":"The Value of Historical Knowledge for the Modern World","authors":"S. Hanaba","doi":"10.53656/his2023-6-2-val","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.53656/his2023-6-2-val","url":null,"abstract":"The purpose of the article is to understand the lessons of history from the standpoint of human values and to emphasize the heritage of the past as a social resource capable of fostering understanding, tolerance, complicity and contributing to the solution of contemporary social problems. The methodological basis is the use of socio-philosophical analysis to characterize the historical process as the interaction of two principles: objectively determined and subjectively volitional. The axiological approach helped to analyse the educational potential of history in the modern world practices and to present education as a space of freedom in a person’s self-development. The scholar underlines that the change of historical eras causes a change in the established system of values. It is about the process of revaluation and the value system ‘creation’. No historical fact can be explained and evaluated beyond its historical time. The understanding of the past including its value system in the realities of the modern world determines the understanding of a person as a development system, which is carried out on the basis of the cultural-historical experience of a particular society. The formation of a new system of values and moral-ethical priorities of each historical era does not occur from scratch. The universal human virtues tested by time and sanctified by history serve as a basis for revising and creating worldview and value standards of a specific historical era. They appear to be a spiritual capital of humanity, accumulated over millennia, which will never depreciate, but on the contrary, will gain more value. The reference point in all historical processes is a person. The person is considered to be an active agent of history, who does not create his life under the influence of objective laws and external factors, but who combines his own intentions with the worldview and value orientations of his time. The basis of the historical reality manifestation is determined by the multifaceted nature of human existence. A picture of the past is created from small particles of historical events, individual touches, memories, a mosaic set of human perception of the world, which is more reliable, because it carries the ‘human spirit’. The focus of the scholar’s attention is the world of the unique and unrepeatable, and not the general and theoretically modelled one. Education built on the intentions of tolerance is designed to contribute to the formation of an individual capable of caring about the universal pain of human problems, to cultivate involvement as an important component of worldview mobility.","PeriodicalId":40212,"journal":{"name":"Istoriya-History","volume":"3 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.2,"publicationDate":"2023-11-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139274926","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-09-15DOI: 10.53656/his2023-5-2-gre
Yura Konstantinova
The aim of the proposed study is to trace the creation and the development of the Greek consular network in Bulgaria in the second half of the 19th century. The topic has not been the subject of scientific research so far, but is important for understanding the unequal positions with which the Balkan states enter the period of their independent existence. The study of the Greek consular network on the Balkans also makes it possible to outline the priorities in Athens’ foreign policy, as well as to trace the importance it assigns to its compatriots left outside the borders of the free Greek state. Last but not least, it is of interest to Greece to fight to preserve the privileged status it enjoys under the regime of capitulations. However, this effort creates serious problems in Greece’s bilateral relations with the Ottoman Empire and with Bulgaria in post-liberation period.
{"title":"The Greek Consular Network in Bulgarian Lands before The Liberation","authors":"Yura Konstantinova","doi":"10.53656/his2023-5-2-gre","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.53656/his2023-5-2-gre","url":null,"abstract":"The aim of the proposed study is to trace the creation and the development of the Greek consular network in Bulgaria in the second half of the 19th century. The topic has not been the subject of scientific research so far, but is important for understanding the unequal positions with which the Balkan states enter the period of their independent existence. The study of the Greek consular network on the Balkans also makes it possible to outline the priorities in Athens’ foreign policy, as well as to trace the importance it assigns to its compatriots left outside the borders of the free Greek state. Last but not least, it is of interest to Greece to fight to preserve the privileged status it enjoys under the regime of capitulations. However, this effort creates serious problems in Greece’s bilateral relations with the Ottoman Empire and with Bulgaria in post-liberation period.","PeriodicalId":40212,"journal":{"name":"Istoriya-History","volume":"18 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135487008","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-09-15DOI: 10.53656/his2023-5-5-the
Stefan Kamenski
The article presents the procedure for the conclusion of peace treaties with the five former satellites of Nazi Germany after the end of the Second World War. The paper uses the methodology of the historical and legal analysis. The focus is on the accessible State Department archives for the Potsdam Conference of the Big Three, the first session of the Council of Foreign Ministers in London, and the December 1945 conference of the Foreign Ministers of the USSR, the United States, and the United Kingdom in Moscow. The negotiations between the three Great Powers leading to the decision to hold the Paris Peace Conference in 1946 are examined. Conclusions are made about how the USA, the United Kingdom and the USSR did not spare efforts to maintain complete control over the process without allowing other powers to interfere.
{"title":"The East-West Procedural Conflict over the 1946 Paris Peace Conference","authors":"Stefan Kamenski","doi":"10.53656/his2023-5-5-the","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.53656/his2023-5-5-the","url":null,"abstract":"The article presents the procedure for the conclusion of peace treaties with the five former satellites of Nazi Germany after the end of the Second World War. The paper uses the methodology of the historical and legal analysis. The focus is on the accessible State Department archives for the Potsdam Conference of the Big Three, the first session of the Council of Foreign Ministers in London, and the December 1945 conference of the Foreign Ministers of the USSR, the United States, and the United Kingdom in Moscow. The negotiations between the three Great Powers leading to the decision to hold the Paris Peace Conference in 1946 are examined. Conclusions are made about how the USA, the United Kingdom and the USSR did not spare efforts to maintain complete control over the process without allowing other powers to interfere.","PeriodicalId":40212,"journal":{"name":"Istoriya-History","volume":"44 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135487009","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-09-15DOI: 10.53656/his2023-5-9-wid
Bisser Petrov
{"title":"A Broad Vision of Bulgarian History in the First Half of the Twentieth Century","authors":"Bisser Petrov","doi":"10.53656/his2023-5-9-wid","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.53656/his2023-5-9-wid","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":40212,"journal":{"name":"Istoriya-History","volume":"38 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135487012","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-09-15DOI: 10.53656/his2023-5-7-rak
Vera Boneva
{"title":"The Famous Rakovski: The Revivаl Figure in the Light of Newly Discovered Ottoman Archive Sources","authors":"Vera Boneva","doi":"10.53656/his2023-5-7-rak","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.53656/his2023-5-7-rak","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":40212,"journal":{"name":"Istoriya-History","volume":"59 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135487015","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-09-15DOI: 10.53656/his2023-5-4-bui
Angel Zlatkov
The article examines the challenges in the construction of the network of Bulgarian trade agencies in the Ottoman Empire at the end of the 19th century. Although they officially have consular functions, the Bulgarian representations are an important part of Prime Minister Dr. Konstantin Stoilov’s strategy for solving the Bulgarian national question and the accession of Macedonia to the Principality of Bulgaria. Their task is to counteract the development of foreign propaganda in European Turkey and to become a coordination and management center of Bulgarian legal and illegal organizations. Therefore, the Bulgarian trade agents encountered opposition not only from the Ottoman authorities, but also from the consuls of the neighboring Balkan states and Russia – contenders for the distribution of the Ottoman heritage in the Balkans. The author uses the rich archive of the Ministry of Foreign Affairs and Denominations in Sofia to show the solutions of the Prime Minister to the main problems and to analyze the result of their implementation.
{"title":"Building the Network of Bulgarian Trade Agencies in the Ottoman Empire at the End of the 19th Century – Challenges, Problems, Solutions","authors":"Angel Zlatkov","doi":"10.53656/his2023-5-4-bui","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.53656/his2023-5-4-bui","url":null,"abstract":"The article examines the challenges in the construction of the network of Bulgarian trade agencies in the Ottoman Empire at the end of the 19th century. Although they officially have consular functions, the Bulgarian representations are an important part of Prime Minister Dr. Konstantin Stoilov’s strategy for solving the Bulgarian national question and the accession of Macedonia to the Principality of Bulgaria. Their task is to counteract the development of foreign propaganda in European Turkey and to become a coordination and management center of Bulgarian legal and illegal organizations. Therefore, the Bulgarian trade agents encountered opposition not only from the Ottoman authorities, but also from the consuls of the neighboring Balkan states and Russia – contenders for the distribution of the Ottoman heritage in the Balkans. The author uses the rich archive of the Ministry of Foreign Affairs and Denominations in Sofia to show the solutions of the Prime Minister to the main problems and to analyze the result of their implementation.","PeriodicalId":40212,"journal":{"name":"Istoriya-History","volume":"46 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135487011","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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