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2017 IEEE International Conference on Multisensor Fusion and Integration for Intelligent Systems (MFI)最新文献

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Design of compressive imaging masks for human activity perception based on binary convolutional neural network 基于二值卷积神经网络的人体活动感知压缩成像掩模设计
Rui Ma, Guocheng Liu, Qi Hao, Cong Wang
Many applications demand proper design and implementation of 0-1 binary compressive sensing (CS) measurement matrices. This paper presents a construction method for such binary CS measurement matrices by training a convolutional neural network (CNN) with 0-1 weights. The desired CS performance of resultant binary measurement matrices can be achieved by designing a proper CNN training procedure. For human activity recognition applications, such a sensing system is implemented with a small number of optical sensors and optical masks, which can achieve a high recognition capability with a far smaller amount of data than traditional cameras. In the experiments, the compressive sensory readings are classified using a basic K-Nearest Neighbor (KNN) algorithm to demonstrate the high sampling efficiency of hardware without compromising much the recognition performance.
许多应用需要正确设计和实现0-1二进制压缩感知(CS)测量矩阵。本文通过训练一个0-1权值的卷积神经网络(CNN),提出了一种二元CS测量矩阵的构造方法。通过设计合适的CNN训练程序,可以获得理想的二值测量矩阵的CS性能。对于人体活动识别应用,这样的传感系统是用少量的光学传感器和光学掩模来实现的,与传统相机相比,它可以在数据量少得多的情况下实现很高的识别能力。在实验中,压缩感知读数使用基本的k -最近邻(KNN)算法进行分类,以证明硬件的高采样效率而不影响识别性能。
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引用次数: 1
Extended object tracking using IMM approach for a real-world vehicle sensor fusion system 基于IMM方法的车辆传感器融合系统扩展目标跟踪
Ting Yuan, K. Krishnan, B. Duraisamy, M. Maile, T. Schwarz
Autonomous driving poses unique challenges for vehicle environment perception due to the complicated driving environment where the autonomous vehicle connects itself with surrounding objects. Precise tracking of the relevant dynamic traffic participants (e.g., vehicle/byciclist/pedestrian) becomes a key component for the task of comprehensive environmental perception and reliable scene understanding. It is necessary for vehicle trackers to treat the objects as extended (rigid) target, as opposed to traditional point target tracking (say, in aerospace applications). The extended object tracking is an extremely challenging problem in real world, due to high requirements of the object estimation on accuracy of kinematic/shape information, association robustness, model match on various target motion behaviors, and statistical property amicability (e.g., estimation consistency/covariance reliability). We present an extended object tracker — based on an interacting multiple model with unbiased mixing estimator for kinematic information at a specified tracking reference point, a truncated Gaussian scheme for shape (width/length/orientation) estimation, and a hierarchical association method according to both kinematic and shape information — to tackle all of the major challenges. Our special effort is put on handling an intriguing conflict between theory and practice: the so-called likelihood credibility issue. That is, the likelihood is expected to credibly reflect the data statistical probability but is actually distorted/drifting in real world systems, due to mainly artificial physics introduced in multiple-stage data processing. In this study, from systematic point of view, we design an interacting multiple model based extended object tracker with proper likelihood compensation in the statistically-distorted real world. It can be shown that the presented tracker can deliver an effective estimation performance in real road traffic of the imperfect world.
由于自动驾驶汽车与周围物体连接的复杂驾驶环境,对车辆环境感知提出了独特的挑战。精确跟踪相关的动态交通参与者(如车辆/骑行者/行人)成为全面环境感知和可靠场景理解任务的关键组成部分。与传统的点目标跟踪(例如,在航空航天应用中)不同,车辆跟踪器有必要将目标视为扩展(刚性)目标。扩展目标跟踪在现实世界中是一个极具挑战性的问题,因为目标估计对运动/形状信息的准确性、关联鲁棒性、各种目标运动行为的模型匹配以及统计特性的亲和性(如估计一致性/协方差可靠性)提出了很高的要求。我们提出了一种扩展的目标跟踪器——基于一个相互作用的多模型,在指定的跟踪参考点上对运动信息进行无偏混合估计,对形状(宽度/长度/方向)估计采用截断高斯格式,并根据运动和形状信息采用分层关联方法——来解决所有主要的挑战。我们特别致力于处理理论与实践之间有趣的冲突:所谓的可能性可信度问题。也就是说,由于在多阶段数据处理中引入了人工物理,可能性被期望可靠地反映数据统计概率,但实际上在现实世界系统中是扭曲的/漂移的。在本研究中,我们从系统的角度设计了一种基于交互多模型的扩展目标跟踪器,并在统计失真的现实世界中进行了适当的似然补偿。实验结果表明,该跟踪器在不完美世界的真实道路交通中具有良好的估计性能。
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引用次数: 14
Robust unobtrusive fall detection using infrared array sensors 使用红外阵列传感器的鲁棒不显眼的跌倒检测
Xiuyi Fan, Huiguo Zhang, Cyril Leung, Zhiqi Shen
As the world's aging population grows, fall is becoming a major problem in public health. It is one of the most vital risk to the elderly. Many technology based fall detection systems have been developed in recent years with hardware ranging from wearable devices to ambience sensors and video cameras. Several machine learning based fall detection classifiers have been developed to process sensor data with various degrees of success. In this paper, we present a fall detection system using infrared array sensors with several deep learning methods, including long-short-term-memory and gated recurrent unit models. Evaluated with fall data collected in two different sets of configurations, we show that our approach gives significant improvement over existing works using the same infrared array sensor.
随着世界老龄化人口的增长,跌倒正在成为公共卫生的一个主要问题。对老年人来说,这是最重要的风险之一。近年来,许多基于技术的跌倒检测系统已经开发出来,硬件范围从可穿戴设备到环境传感器和摄像机。已经开发了几种基于机器学习的跌倒检测分类器来处理传感器数据,并取得了不同程度的成功。在本文中,我们提出了一个使用红外阵列传感器的跌倒检测系统,该系统具有多种深度学习方法,包括长短期记忆和门控循环单元模型。通过在两组不同配置中收集的坠落数据进行评估,我们表明我们的方法比使用相同红外阵列传感器的现有工作有显着改进。
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引用次数: 29
A non-parametric inference technique for shape boundaries in noisy point clouds 噪声点云中形状边界的非参数推理技术
Selim Ozgen, F. Faion, Antonio Zea, U. Hanebeck
This study explores the non-parametric estimation of a shape boundary from noisy points in 2D when the sensor characteristics are known. As the underlying shape information is not known, the offered algorithm estimates points on the shape boundary by using the statistics of the subsets of point cloud data. The novel approach proposed in this paper is able to find corner points in a local geometry by only using sample mean and covariance matrices of the subsets of the point cloud. While the proposed approach can be used for any class of boundary functions that demonstrates symmetry; for this paper, the analysis and experiments are performed on a connected line segment.
本研究探讨了在已知传感器特性的情况下,二维噪声点形状边界的非参数估计。由于底层的形状信息是未知的,该算法利用点云数据子集的统计量来估计形状边界上的点。本文提出的新方法仅利用点云子集的样本均值和协方差矩阵就能找到局部几何中的角点。虽然所提出的方法可以用于任何一类证明对称的边界函数;本文在连通线段上进行了分析和实验。
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引用次数: 1
A Bayesian approach to terrain map inference based on vibration features 基于振动特征的地形图推理贝叶斯方法
Hyeonwoo Yu, Beomhee Lee
In this paper, we represent a terrain inference method based on vibration features. Autonomous navigation in unstructured environments is a challenging problem. Especially, the detailed interpretation of terrain in unstructured environments is necessary to set an efficient navigation trajectory. As the vibration features are obtained from interactions between the robot and terrain, terrain inference based on vibration can be conducted. To perform the terrain inference for robot path and unobserved field simultaneously, we use a Bayesian random field for structured prediction method. The robot path and the unobserved field are represented by the Conditional Random Field (CRF), and based on the terrain information observed on the robot path, the terrain of the region that the robot does not approach is estimated together. The proposed algorithm is tested with a 4WD mobile robot and real-terrain testbed.
本文提出了一种基于振动特征的地形推断方法。在非结构化环境中自主导航是一个具有挑战性的问题。特别是,在非结构化环境中,地形的详细解释对于设置有效的导航轨迹是必要的。由于振动特征是由机器人与地形的相互作用得到的,因此可以进行基于振动的地形推断。为了同时对机器人路径和未观测场进行地形推断,我们采用贝叶斯随机场进行结构化预测。将机器人路径和未观测区域用条件随机场(Conditional Random field, CRF)表示,根据机器人路径上观测到的地形信息,共同估计机器人未接近区域的地形。采用四轮驱动移动机器人和真实地形试验台对该算法进行了验证。
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引用次数: 6
Robust road line color recognition based on 2-dimensional S-color space 基于二维s色空间的鲁棒道路线颜色识别
Jin Yan, Seung-Hae Baek, Soon-Yong Park
In this paper, we propose an illumination invariant lane color recognition method. Most of the conventional lane color recognition methods suffer from various illumination changes. In the past, the HSV color space has been commonly used to tell white and the yellow road lines, because the HSV color space is a range of specific colors. However, it is known that accurate road line recognition is difficult using the HSV space, because the road illumination is not static but always dynamic. In this paper, we propose a robust road line color recognition method by introducing a 2-dimensional S-color space. The white and yellow color features are clustered in the 2-D S-color space. The centroid of the feature samples in S-space is tracked continuously for real-time lane tracking.
本文提出了一种光照不变的车道颜色识别方法。传统的车道颜色识别方法大多受到光照变化的影响。在过去,通常使用HSV色彩空间来区分白色和黄色的道路线,因为HSV色彩空间是一个特定颜色的范围。然而,由于道路照明不是静态的,而是动态的,因此很难利用HSV空间进行准确的道路线识别。本文通过引入二维s色空间,提出了一种鲁棒的道路线颜色识别方法。白色和黄色特征聚类在二维s色空间中。在s空间中连续跟踪特征样本的质心,实现实时车道跟踪。
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引用次数: 1
A study on the 3D printing simulator for construction and application of robust control Using SMCSPO 基于SMCSPO鲁棒控制的3D打印模拟器构建及应用研究
Hyun-Hee Kim, C. Park, Min-Cheol Lee
In the field of architecture, 3D printing technology has the advantage of shortening the construction period by continuous addition and installing the desired shape and structure directly on site. However, the conventional 3D printer structure has limitations in practical use because of its versatility, mobility, and limited accessibility. In this study, a 3-axis gantry robot type 3D printing simulator for construction is proposed, and nozzle part is designed to inject viscous material. Since viscous material has strong nonlinear characteristics due to compression and elasticity, the robust controller Sliding Mode Control with Sliding Perturbation Observer (SMCSPO) was applied to the nozzle control and compared with the PID control results. From the simulation results, it can be confirmed that SMCSPO control is more suitable than PID control on the nozzle control for viscous material injection.
在建筑领域,3D打印技术的优势在于通过不断的添加,直接在现场安装所需的形状和结构,缩短了施工周期。然而,传统的3D打印机结构在实际使用中由于其通用性,移动性和有限的可及性而受到限制。本研究提出了一种用于建筑的三轴龙门机器人型3D打印模拟器,并设计了喷嘴部分用于喷射粘性材料。针对粘性材料由于压缩和弹性而具有较强的非线性特性,将带滑动摄动观测器的鲁棒控制器滑模控制(SMCSPO)应用于喷嘴控制,并与PID控制结果进行比较。仿真结果表明,SMCSPO控制比PID控制更适合于粘性物料喷射的喷嘴控制。
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引用次数: 0
A probabilistic logic for multi-source heterogeneous information fusion 一种多源异构信息融合的概率逻辑
T. Henderson, R. Simmons, D. Sacharny, A. Mitiche, Xiuyi Fan
We investigate methods to define a probabilistic logic and their application to multi-source fusion problems in geospatial decision support systems1. We begin with a discussion of augmenting propositional calculus with probabilities. Given a set of sentences, S, each with a known probability, the problem is to determine the probability of a query sentence that is a disjunction of literals appearing in S. First, we examine Nilsson's [19] solution based on the semantic models of the sentences; we develop two different approaches to solving the problem as posed: (1) using a linear solver, and (2) geometrically finding the intersection of a line with the probability convex hull. Nilsson's approach provides lower and upper bounds on the solution. We then propose a new approach which finds probabilities for the atoms found in the sentences, and then uses these probabilities to compute the probability of the query sentence. Finally, we describe how this probability representation method can form the basis for a probabilistic logic system to support a multi-source knowledge base for decision support.
研究了概率逻辑的定义方法及其在地理空间决策支持系统中多源融合问题中的应用。我们从讨论概率的增广命题演算开始。给定一组句子S,每个句子都有一个已知的概率,问题是确定一个查询句子是S中出现的字面分离的概率。首先,我们根据句子的语义模型检验Nilsson[19]的解决方案;我们开发了两种不同的方法来解决所提出的问题:(1)使用线性求解器,(2)从几何上找到与概率凸包的直线相交。Nilsson的方法提供了解的下界和上界。然后,我们提出了一种新的方法,即找到句子中发现的原子的概率,然后使用这些概率来计算查询句子的概率。最后,我们描述了这种概率表示方法如何构成概率逻辑系统的基础,以支持决策支持的多源知识库。
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引用次数: 5
A survey of performance measures to evaluate ego-lane estimation and a novel sensor-independent measure along with its applications 评价自我车道估计的性能指标综述和一种新的传感器无关测度及其应用
T. Nguyen, J. Spehr, Jian Xiong, M. Baum, S. Zug, R. Kruse
Lane estimation plays a central role for Driver Assistance Systems, therefore many approaches have been proposed to measure its performance. However, no commonly agreed metric exists. In this work, we first present a detailed survey of the current measures. Most of them apply pixel-level benchmarks on camera images and require a time-consuming and fault-prone labeling process. Moreover, these metrics cannot be used to assess other sources such as the detected guardrails, curbs or other vehicles. Therefore, we introduce an efficient and sensor-independent metric, which provides an objective and intuitive self-assessment for the entire road estimation process at multiple levels: individual detectors, lane estimation itself, and the target applications (e.g., lane keeping system). Our metric does not require a high labeling effort and can be used both online and offline. By selecting the evaluated points in specific distances, it can be applied to any road model representation. By comparing in 2D vehicle coordinate system, two possibilities exist to generate the ground-truth: the human-driven path or the expensive alternative with DGPS and detailed maps. This paper applies both methods and reveals that the human-driven path also qualifies for this task and it is applicable to scenarios without GPS signal, e.g., tunnel. Although the lateral offset between reference and detection is widely used in the majority of works, this paper shows that another criterion, the angle deviation, is more appropriate. Finally, we compare our metric with other state-of-the-art metrics using real data recordings from different scenarios.
车道估计在驾驶辅助系统中起着核心作用,因此人们提出了许多方法来衡量其性能。然而,没有一个普遍认可的度量标准存在。在这项工作中,我们首先对当前的措施进行了详细的调查。它们中的大多数对相机图像应用像素级基准,并且需要一个耗时且容易出错的标记过程。此外,这些指标不能用于评估其他来源,如检测到的护栏、路缘或其他车辆。因此,我们引入了一种高效且独立于传感器的度量,它在多个层面上为整个道路估计过程提供了客观直观的自我评估:单个检测器,车道估计本身以及目标应用(例如车道保持系统)。我们的指标不需要很高的标签工作,可以在线和离线使用。通过选择特定距离的评估点,它可以应用于任何道路模型表示。通过在二维车辆坐标系统中进行比较,存在两种可能性来生成地面真相:人类驱动的路径或昂贵的DGPS和详细地图替代方案。本文对这两种方法进行了应用,结果表明,人工驱动路径也可以满足这一任务,并且适用于没有GPS信号的场景,例如隧道。虽然参考点与检测点之间的横向偏移量在大多数工作中被广泛使用,但本文表明另一种判据——角度偏差更为合适。最后,我们使用来自不同场景的真实数据记录将我们的指标与其他最先进的指标进行比较。
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引用次数: 8
Calibration of VLP-16 Lidar and multi-view cameras using a ball for 360 degree 3D color map acquisition 校准VLP-16激光雷达和多视角相机,使用球进行360度3D彩色地图采集
Geun-Mo Lee, Ju-Hwan Lee, Soon-Yong Park
Calibration between Lidar sensor and RGB cameras can be applied to various fields such as object recognition and tracking, 2D-3D mapping, and simultaneous localization and mapping (SLAM). Different methods for calibrating Lidar sensor and RGB cameras have been proposed using special 3D markers or calibration patterns. However, most of these methods have disadvantages of longer processing time, and various experimental constraints such as entire calibration pattern must appear within the scan range of the Lidar. In this paper, we propose a simple and fast calibration method between a Lidar sensor and multiple RGB cameras using a sphere object.
激光雷达传感器与RGB相机之间的校准可以应用于物体识别和跟踪、2D-3D测绘、同步定位和测绘(SLAM)等多个领域。已经提出了使用特殊的3D标记或校准模式来校准激光雷达传感器和RGB相机的不同方法。然而,这些方法大多存在处理时间较长的缺点,并且必须在激光雷达的扫描范围内出现整个校准模式等各种实验限制。本文提出了一种基于球面物体的激光雷达传感器与多个RGB相机之间简单快速的标定方法。
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引用次数: 19
期刊
2017 IEEE International Conference on Multisensor Fusion and Integration for Intelligent Systems (MFI)
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