The study explores affirmative action and its significance as a strategy that guarantees the inclusion and protection of minorities within societies and further examines the fundamental strides for resolving gender inequality problems. Furthermore, the assessment involves collected works of scholars and public papers from countries like Kenya, Ghana, India, USA, and Norway within four continents while using the Systematic Quantitative Assessment (SQAT) methodology. The central research question reads; Has affirmative action been an effective tool for addressing the problems of gender inequality? The findings divulged that affirmative action had been an effective apparatus for solving gender inequality related challenges but the bold achievement is dependent on economic structure and gender laws of a nation, which is visibly engraved in most countries' constitution through the two-thirds gender law, though there is no specific structure that enables optimum implementation. The study recommends notable campaigns, awareness, and implementation structured in favor of affirmative action.
{"title":"Affirmative Action and Gender Inequality: An In-Depth Evaluation of Strides Made on Solving the Problem of Gender Inequality","authors":"Anthonia Nnebuife Ngele","doi":"10.31039/jgss.v1i3.83","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31039/jgss.v1i3.83","url":null,"abstract":"The study explores affirmative action and its significance as a strategy that guarantees the inclusion and protection of minorities within societies and further examines the fundamental strides for resolving gender inequality problems. Furthermore, the assessment involves collected works of scholars and public papers from countries like Kenya, Ghana, India, USA, and Norway within four continents while using the Systematic Quantitative Assessment (SQAT) methodology. The central research question reads; Has affirmative action been an effective tool for addressing the problems of gender inequality? The findings divulged that affirmative action had been an effective apparatus for solving gender inequality related challenges but the bold achievement is dependent on economic structure and gender laws of a nation, which is visibly engraved in most countries' constitution through the two-thirds gender law, though there is no specific structure that enables optimum implementation. The study recommends notable campaigns, awareness, and implementation structured in favor of affirmative action.","PeriodicalId":405920,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Global Social Sciences","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"125956769","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The paper gives useful data for green marketers and producers of green products on the planet. This paper offers helpful guidelines for the government of the countries in the world government to form and formulate the green policies in nature, such as providing exceptional incentives to green products, manufacturers, enlightening the masses and encouraging the public to buy products with eco‐label. The purpose of this research is to determine the effects of green marketing tools on consumer's behavior towards purchasing. A critical audit of past works of literature was utilized in the study to distinguish critical success factors of green marketing as it impacts comprehensively on the purchase behavior of customers globally. Thus, giving solutions to existing problems within the company and how individuals can increase their interest in the idea of “Green Marketing” and "Going Green” respectively. A critical analysis of four successful green marketing tools from all around the world revealed four critical success factors. The study's result, which is a major critical success factor globally, reveals that the eco‐label and eco‐brand of products will positively show and impact significantly on their actual consumer purchase behavior.
{"title":"Green marketing as a marketing tool and consumer purchase behavior","authors":"Mark Bekweri Edeh","doi":"10.31039/jgss.v1i3.77","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31039/jgss.v1i3.77","url":null,"abstract":"The paper gives useful data for green marketers and producers of green products on the planet. This paper offers helpful guidelines for the government of the countries in the world government to form and formulate the green policies in nature, such as providing exceptional incentives to green products, manufacturers, enlightening the masses and encouraging the public to buy products with eco‐label. The purpose of this research is to determine the effects of green marketing tools on consumer's behavior towards purchasing. A critical audit of past works of literature was utilized in the study to distinguish critical success factors of green marketing as it impacts comprehensively on the purchase behavior of customers globally. Thus, giving solutions to existing problems within the company and how individuals can increase their interest in the idea of “Green Marketing” and \"Going Green” respectively. A critical analysis of four successful green marketing tools from all around the world revealed four critical success factors. The study's result, which is a major critical success factor globally, reveals that the eco‐label and eco‐brand of products will positively show and impact significantly on their actual consumer purchase behavior.","PeriodicalId":405920,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Global Social Sciences","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"120904320","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The right to life is a fundamental human right that is engrave in the constitution of most independent countries. This make most sovereign state to be the most important and dominant structure within the social system. Security of life and property on the other hand has long been a part of human existence and sustenance and could be aptly viewed as freedom from threat or violence which is also known as peace. Durable peace has remained elusive in Nigeria since the country gained independence. The nature and character of the Nigerian state which has a colonial origin has led to the manifestations of insecurity and violence in different trends which include; youth involvement in crime, collective and targeted violence against individuals, groups and state institutions which have escalated over the years. The major objective of this paper is to examine the nature of Nigerian state and the high level of insecurity challenges, and strategies that can help eliminate them. Exploratory design with data drawn from secondary sources, and a qualitative method of analysis were adopted. Findings revealed that; the Nigerian state is weak and has displayed gross incapacity to deal with various security challenges plaguing the country; also, Nigeria’s reliance on the use of coercion, has not been able to fully address the challenges of insecurity in the country. The paper recommends that the Nigerian state must rise up from her slumber, overcome its inherent weakness and give direction to political and economic development of the polity.
{"title":"The Nigerian State and Strategies for Eliminating Security Challenges In Nigeria","authors":"K. Ohazuruike","doi":"10.31039/jgss.v1i2.82","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31039/jgss.v1i2.82","url":null,"abstract":"The right to life is a fundamental human right that is engrave in the constitution of most independent countries. This make most sovereign state to be the most important and dominant structure within the social system. Security of life and property on the other hand has long been a part of human existence and sustenance and could be aptly viewed as freedom from threat or violence which is also known as peace. Durable peace has remained elusive in Nigeria since the country gained independence. The nature and character of the Nigerian state which has a colonial origin has led to the manifestations of insecurity and violence in different trends which include; youth involvement in crime, collective and targeted violence against individuals, groups and state institutions which have escalated over the years. The major objective of this paper is to examine the nature of Nigerian state and the high level of insecurity challenges, and strategies that can help eliminate them. Exploratory design with data drawn from secondary sources, and a qualitative method of analysis were adopted. Findings revealed that; the Nigerian state is weak and has displayed gross incapacity to deal with various security challenges plaguing the country; also, Nigeria’s reliance on the use of coercion, has not been able to fully address the challenges of insecurity in the country. The paper recommends that the Nigerian state must rise up from her slumber, overcome its inherent weakness and give direction to political and economic development of the polity.","PeriodicalId":405920,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Global Social Sciences","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"114311039","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
This study assesses the mediating effect of co-worker support on the relationship between training effectiveness and employee performance. One hundred and thirty-three pieces of literature were reviewed related to the variables in the topic authored with consistent findings. While this study selected different factors that led to training effectiveness pioneered by previous authors in the same field, the selected determinants of training effectiveness revealed a strong and positive relationship to the co-worker support- the mediator variable and the employee performance- the outcome variable. Hence the conclusion that training effectiveness has significant relationship with co-worker support and employee performance. Based on the findings, therefore, the study recommended that, the management should provide quality training facilities, ensure effective transfer of training, encourage training motivation of employees and make efforts to reduce factors that lead to emotional problems at the workplace.
{"title":"Mediating Effect of Co-Worker Support in the Relationship between Training Effectiveness and Employee Performance","authors":"I. Ahmed, A. J. Bambale, Ibrahim Garba Muhammad","doi":"10.31039/jgss.v1i1.129","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31039/jgss.v1i1.129","url":null,"abstract":"This study assesses the mediating effect of co-worker support on the relationship between training effectiveness and employee performance. One hundred and thirty-three pieces of literature were reviewed related to the variables in the topic authored with consistent findings. While this study selected different factors that led to training effectiveness pioneered by previous authors in the same field, the selected determinants of training effectiveness revealed a strong and positive relationship to the co-worker support- the mediator variable and the employee performance- the outcome variable. Hence the conclusion that training effectiveness has significant relationship with co-worker support and employee performance. Based on the findings, therefore, the study recommended that, the management should provide quality training facilities, ensure effective transfer of training, encourage training motivation of employees and make efforts to reduce factors that lead to emotional problems at the workplace.","PeriodicalId":405920,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Global Social Sciences","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"132706807","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The internecine farmers/herders’ clashes that became pervasive in Nigeria in recent times took the centre stage in electioneering campaign in the 2019 general elections in the country. The opposition parties used the bloody clashes that aggravated inter-ethnic disharmony, undermined the country’s security and unleashed socio-economic losses as a main campaign issue. Hence, campaign slogans, jingles and songs that harped on the farmers/herders’ clashes were used during electioneering campaigns to mobilize votes. This study, therefore, examines the campaign slogans, songs and messages by the main opposition party, the Peoples’ Democratic Party (PDP) candidates and its supporters at political rallies in the 2019 elections in Benue State that dwell on the armed herdsmen attacks to dissuade voters from voting the ruling party, the All Progressive Congress (APC) headed by Muhammadu Buhari a Fulani. The study adopts Antonio Gramsci’s theory of hegemony as its theoretical frame of analysis. The study which made use of content analysis and is analytically revealed that political language has become an instrument of hegemonic control meant to divert peoples’ attention from socio-economic realities. In as much as party songs, slogans and jingles tend to convey symbolic aspects of genuine concern for the people’s plight, they fail to offer alternative solutions to prevailing socio-economic realities in Benue State. Amongst other recommendations, it suggests that political debates should be institutionalized in the country’s electoral process.
{"title":"The State, Farmers/Herders’ Clashes and Voter Mobilization in the 2019 General Elections in Nigeria: Interrogating Electioneering Campaign Rhetoric in Benue State","authors":"M. Ugbudu, Wandoo Buter","doi":"10.31039/jgss.v1i1.81","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31039/jgss.v1i1.81","url":null,"abstract":"The internecine farmers/herders’ clashes that became pervasive in Nigeria in recent times took the centre stage in electioneering campaign in the 2019 general elections in the country. The opposition parties used the bloody clashes that aggravated inter-ethnic disharmony, undermined the country’s security and unleashed socio-economic losses as a main campaign issue. Hence, campaign slogans, jingles and songs that harped on the farmers/herders’ clashes were used during electioneering campaigns to mobilize votes. This study, therefore, examines the campaign slogans, songs and messages by the main opposition party, the Peoples’ Democratic Party (PDP) candidates and its supporters at political rallies in the 2019 elections in Benue State that dwell on the armed herdsmen attacks to dissuade voters from voting the ruling party, the All Progressive Congress (APC) headed by Muhammadu Buhari a Fulani. The study adopts Antonio Gramsci’s theory of hegemony as its theoretical frame of analysis. The study which made use of content analysis and is analytically revealed that political language has become an instrument of hegemonic control meant to divert peoples’ attention from socio-economic realities. In as much as party songs, slogans and jingles tend to convey symbolic aspects of genuine concern for the people’s plight, they fail to offer alternative solutions to prevailing socio-economic realities in Benue State. Amongst other recommendations, it suggests that political debates should be institutionalized in the country’s electoral process.","PeriodicalId":405920,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Global Social Sciences","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"131322823","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Switzerland, a country composed of four major language groups, is comprised of 26 cantons and many municipalities, with each canton being linguistically homogenous, has always been a model of a federal state that is practising an inclusive democracy. The Nigerian federation, on the other hand, has evolved from a colonial federal legacy that was based on three unwieldy component regions into a union of 36 states and 774 constitutionally entrenched localities. Pressures for fundamental federal reforms have remained a persistent, intense and divisive feature of contemporary Nigerian politics, characterised by ethnic, religious and regional contestations that frequently produce episodes of violence. The paper examines the impact of federalism and Democratization process in Nigeria with particular focus on governance, political representation and participation using the Swiss federalism as a model in a comparative perspective. Both primary and secondary sources of data are applied with the theory of Separation of Powers guiding the discourse in the paper. The findings suggest that the Swiss federation has been built into a state where governance is institutionalised, while diversity is seen as strength with the people and the cantons well represented through participation in decision making, whereas in Nigeria, the practice of federalism has thrown up many challenges of governance. The paper recommends that Nigeria should borrow a leaf from the Swiss model of federalism through the devolution of power and decentralisation of functions from the federal government to the states and local governments. Also, Nigeria could adopt the Swiss model of direct democracy, which would allow for more citizens' participation in decision making and governance.
{"title":"Federalism and the Challenges of Democratization in Nigeria: Lessons from the Swiss Model","authors":"K. Ohazuruike, Micheal Udo Mbanaso","doi":"10.31039/jgss.v1i1.80","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31039/jgss.v1i1.80","url":null,"abstract":"Switzerland, a country composed of four major language groups, is comprised of 26 cantons and many municipalities, with each canton being linguistically homogenous, has always been a model of a federal state that is practising an inclusive democracy. The Nigerian federation, on the other hand, has evolved from a colonial federal legacy that was based on three unwieldy component regions into a union of 36 states and 774 constitutionally entrenched localities. Pressures for fundamental federal reforms have remained a persistent, intense and divisive feature of contemporary Nigerian politics, characterised by ethnic, religious and regional contestations that frequently produce episodes of violence. The paper examines the impact of federalism and Democratization process in Nigeria with particular focus on governance, political representation and participation using the Swiss federalism as a model in a comparative perspective. Both primary and secondary sources of data are applied with the theory of Separation of Powers guiding the discourse in the paper. The findings suggest that the Swiss federation has been built into a state where governance is institutionalised, while diversity is seen as strength with the people and the cantons well represented through participation in decision making, whereas in Nigeria, the practice of federalism has thrown up many challenges of governance. The paper recommends that Nigeria should borrow a leaf from the Swiss model of federalism through the devolution of power and decentralisation of functions from the federal government to the states and local governments. Also, Nigeria could adopt the Swiss model of direct democracy, which would allow for more citizens' participation in decision making and governance.","PeriodicalId":405920,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Global Social Sciences","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"127015897","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
In the latter years of the Ottoman Empire, Turkish-Armenian Relations was one of the issues that regularly dominated the nation's political and intellectual life. Some writers were able to convey a heated topic of the time using symbols rather than by speaking directly to the issue. This approach has also been followed by certain authors who are concerned that criticizing the present administration and its policies may result in fines or punishments. By employing symbols, making up fictional characters to represent both their own and the other party's thinking, and telling tales about actual events and concepts, they were able to do away with these fines and penalties. Ömer Seyfettin's "Ashab-ı Kehfimiz" (Diary of an Armenian Youth), which is the subject of the article, is such a work. The researchers who will examine social and political events should consider such works, which will make their research more equipped. In this novel, the author put himself in the place of an Armenian youth and wrote down the events as if he were keeping a diary, and conveyed the events and the general scene in this way.
在奥斯曼帝国的后期，土耳其与亚美尼亚的关系是经常支配国家政治和知识生活的问题之一。一些作家能够用符号来传达当时的热门话题，而不是直接谈论这个问题。一些作者也采用了这种方法，他们担心批评现政府及其政策可能会导致罚款或惩罚。通过使用符号，虚构人物来代表自己和对方的思想，讲述真实的事件和概念，他们能够摆脱这些罚款和惩罚。Ömer Seyfettin的《亚美尼亚青年日记》(Ashab- yi Kehfimiz)就是这样一部作品，也是本文的主题。研究社会和政治事件的研究人员应该考虑这些作品，这将使他们的研究更有条件。在这部小说中，作者把自己放在一个亚美尼亚青年的位置上，像写日记一样把发生的事情写下来，并以这种方式传达了事件和整个场景。
{"title":"Treating Turkish-Armenian Relations with Symbolism in Literary Works: The Example of Ömer Seyfettin's \"Ashab-ı Kehfimiz\" (Diary of an Armenian Youth)","authors":"Cafer Ulu","doi":"10.31039/jgss.v1i1.111","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31039/jgss.v1i1.111","url":null,"abstract":"In the latter years of the Ottoman Empire, Turkish-Armenian Relations was one of the issues that regularly dominated the nation's political and intellectual life. Some writers were able to convey a heated topic of the time using symbols rather than by speaking directly to the issue. This approach has also been followed by certain authors who are concerned that criticizing the present administration and its policies may result in fines or punishments. By employing symbols, making up fictional characters to represent both their own and the other party's thinking, and telling tales about actual events and concepts, they were able to do away with these fines and penalties. Ömer Seyfettin's \"Ashab-ı Kehfimiz\" (Diary of an Armenian Youth), which is the subject of the article, is such a work. The researchers who will examine social and political events should consider such works, which will make their research more equipped. In this novel, the author put himself in the place of an Armenian youth and wrote down the events as if he were keeping a diary, and conveyed the events and the general scene in this way.","PeriodicalId":405920,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Global Social Sciences","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"126473516","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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