Perforated appendicitis is a leading cause of morbidity and mortality in all appendicitis cases, both for adults and children. Delay in preoperative diagnosis is the main reason for perforation. In previous studies, it was revealed that diagnostic modalities such as radiological examination and the current scoring system have not been able to predict the onset of perforated appendicitis. Serological biomarkers of lactic acid are associated with intestinal obstruction and ischemia. The increase in the serological value of lactic acid in perforated appendicitis compared to acute one was shown to increase significantly by 0.25 mmol/L (p<0.05) according to a previous study. This study aimed to determine the correlation between lactic acid level and the severity of appendicitis in patients visiting Dr. Hasan Sadikin General Hospital. This was a cross-sectional prospective analytic observational study on adult patients diagnosed with appendicitis who were admitted to the emergency room of Dr. Hasan Sadikin General Hospital from January 1, 2021 to June 1, 2021. Data analysis was performed using bivariate analysis and correlation tests of difference. This study involved 54 subjects with a mean lactic acid level of 2,5093 mmol/L (0.9 mmol/L - 11.8 mmol/L). In the complicated appendicitis group, 20 subjects (37%) was found to experience an increase in lactic acid (OR 1.07; 95% CI: -0.03-0.22; p=0.14). The correlation analysis showed the direction of negative correlation. Thus, it is concluded that there is no significant correlation between lactic acid level and the severity of appendicitis in patients with appendicitis.
{"title":"Correlation Analysis of Lactic Acid Level as A Predictor of Severity of Patients with Acute Appendicitis","authors":"","doi":"10.15395/mkb.v55n1.2816","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15395/mkb.v55n1.2816","url":null,"abstract":"Perforated appendicitis is a leading cause of morbidity and mortality in all appendicitis cases, both for adults and children. Delay in preoperative diagnosis is the main reason for perforation. In previous studies, it was revealed that diagnostic modalities such as radiological examination and the current scoring system have not been able to predict the onset of perforated appendicitis. Serological biomarkers of lactic acid are associated with intestinal obstruction and ischemia. The increase in the serological value of lactic acid in perforated appendicitis compared to acute one was shown to increase significantly by 0.25 mmol/L (p<0.05) according to a previous study. This study aimed to determine the correlation between lactic acid level and the severity of appendicitis in patients visiting Dr. Hasan Sadikin General Hospital. This was a cross-sectional prospective analytic observational study on adult patients diagnosed with appendicitis who were admitted to the emergency room of Dr. Hasan Sadikin General Hospital from January 1, 2021 to June 1, 2021. Data analysis was performed using bivariate analysis and correlation tests of difference. This study involved 54 subjects with a mean lactic acid level of 2,5093 mmol/L (0.9 mmol/L - 11.8 mmol/L). In the complicated appendicitis group, 20 subjects (37%) was found to experience an increase in lactic acid (OR 1.07; 95% CI: -0.03-0.22; p=0.14). The correlation analysis showed the direction of negative correlation. Thus, it is concluded that there is no significant correlation between lactic acid level and the severity of appendicitis in patients with appendicitis.","PeriodicalId":40791,"journal":{"name":"Majalah Kedokteran Bandung-MKB-Bandung Medical Journal","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.1,"publicationDate":"2023-03-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45279217","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
M. W. Kuntorini, Maya Primagustya Achmad, Aldiana Halim
Cataracts are the second leading cause of visual impairment and the first cause of blindness, both globally and Indonesia. Cataracts do not only reduce vision but also the quality of life of the patients. Cataract surgery of at least one eye is expected to improve the patient's visual function and quality of life. This study aimed to assess the quality of life of patients with bilateral senile cataracts after the first eye surgery compared to people with normal vision. This was a cross-sectional study on 75 patients who underwent their first eye cataract surgery at the Cataract and Refractive Surgery Unit and 75 people with normal vision who visited the Refraction, Contact Lens, and Low Vision Unit of the National Eye Center of Cicendo Eye Hospital during the period of March-June 2020. The quality of life assessment was conducted through interviews using the National Eye Institute Visual Function Questionnaire-25. The non-inferiority test with a margin of 20% was performed. The mean age of the subjects was 63.49 years with no difference in the proportion of gender. Presenting visual acuity of binoculars after the first cataract surgery was 0.26 LogMAR and normal vision was 0.07 LogMAR. With a margin of 20%, the patient's quality of life after the first cataract surgery was not inferior to the normal vision subjects (d = -2.45% (95% CI -6.3% to 1.4%).) Hence, patients' quality of life after the first cataract surgery is not inferior to those with normal vision.
{"title":"Impact of First Eye Cataract Surgery on Quality of Life","authors":"M. W. Kuntorini, Maya Primagustya Achmad, Aldiana Halim","doi":"10.15395/mkb.v55n1.2935","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15395/mkb.v55n1.2935","url":null,"abstract":"Cataracts are the second leading cause of visual impairment and the first cause of blindness, both globally and Indonesia. Cataracts do not only reduce vision but also the quality of life of the patients. Cataract surgery of at least one eye is expected to improve the patient's visual function and quality of life. This study aimed to assess the quality of life of patients with bilateral senile cataracts after the first eye surgery compared to people with normal vision. This was a cross-sectional study on 75 patients who underwent their first eye cataract surgery at the Cataract and Refractive Surgery Unit and 75 people with normal vision who visited the Refraction, Contact Lens, and Low Vision Unit of the National Eye Center of Cicendo Eye Hospital during the period of March-June 2020. The quality of life assessment was conducted through interviews using the National Eye Institute Visual Function Questionnaire-25. The non-inferiority test with a margin of 20% was performed. The mean age of the subjects was 63.49 years with no difference in the proportion of gender. Presenting visual acuity of binoculars after the first cataract surgery was 0.26 LogMAR and normal vision was 0.07 LogMAR. With a margin of 20%, the patient's quality of life after the first cataract surgery was not inferior to the normal vision subjects (d = -2.45% (95% CI -6.3% to 1.4%).) Hence, patients' quality of life after the first cataract surgery is not inferior to those with normal vision.","PeriodicalId":40791,"journal":{"name":"Majalah Kedokteran Bandung-MKB-Bandung Medical Journal","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.1,"publicationDate":"2023-03-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42126243","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Hypercholesterolemia during pregnancy is a physiological condition resulting from increased insulin resistance, lipoprotein synthesis, and lipolysis in adipose tissue, which mobilizes lipids as an energetic substrate for fetal growth. Consumption of foods high in fat and cholesterol may lead to an increase in total blood cholesterol levels during pregnancy due to saturated fat and cholesterol contents that will increases the synthesis of lipoproteins in the blood. The objectives of this study were to determine the effects of high fat and cholesterol diet on the total blood cholesterol levels in pregnant Wistar rats. This study was a true experimental research using a randomized post-test-only control group design conducted from November 2020 to October 2021on fourteen female Wistar rats that were divided into control and intervention groups. Cow brain was provided as the high fat and cholesterol diet and after the rats gave birth, blood was drawn from the heart. The total blood serum cholesterol levels were assessed using Micro Lab 300 with the CHOD-PAP method and the data were analyzed using an independent t-test. This study showed that the mean total blood cholesterol levels for the control and treatment groups were 80.43±18.512 mg/dL and 142.57±24.786 mg/dL, respectively, which reflected a significant differences in the mean total blood cholesterol level between the control and treatment groups (p-value <0.01). In conclusion, a high fat and cholesterol diet affects the total blood cholesterol level in pregnant Wistar rats.
{"title":"Effect of High Fat and Cholesterol Diet on Total Blood Cholesterol Levels in Pregnant Wistar Rats","authors":"","doi":"10.15395/mkb.v55n1.2651","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15395/mkb.v55n1.2651","url":null,"abstract":"Hypercholesterolemia during pregnancy is a physiological condition resulting from increased insulin resistance, lipoprotein synthesis, and lipolysis in adipose tissue, which mobilizes lipids as an energetic substrate for fetal growth. Consumption of foods high in fat and cholesterol may lead to an increase in total blood cholesterol levels during pregnancy due to saturated fat and cholesterol contents that will increases the synthesis of lipoproteins in the blood. The objectives of this study were to determine the effects of high fat and cholesterol diet on the total blood cholesterol levels in pregnant Wistar rats. This study was a true experimental research using a randomized post-test-only control group design conducted from November 2020 to October 2021on fourteen female Wistar rats that were divided into control and intervention groups. Cow brain was provided as the high fat and cholesterol diet and after the rats gave birth, blood was drawn from the heart. The total blood serum cholesterol levels were assessed using Micro Lab 300 with the CHOD-PAP method and the data were analyzed using an independent t-test. This study showed that the mean total blood cholesterol levels for the control and treatment groups were 80.43±18.512 mg/dL and 142.57±24.786 mg/dL, respectively, which reflected a significant differences in the mean total blood cholesterol level between the control and treatment groups (p-value <0.01). In conclusion, a high fat and cholesterol diet affects the total blood cholesterol level in pregnant Wistar rats.","PeriodicalId":40791,"journal":{"name":"Majalah Kedokteran Bandung-MKB-Bandung Medical Journal","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.1,"publicationDate":"2023-03-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49369651","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pneumonia is the leading cause of infection-related death among children and still remains a global health problem, especially for children under five. This study aimed to identify the clinical features of pneumonia in under-five chilren treated at Atma Jaya Hospital during the period of 2017-2020. This was a cross-sectional retrospective descriptive study on all under-five patients diagnosed with pneumonia treated in Atma Jaya Hospital. Data were collected from November 2021-January 2022 from the medical records of these children (n=148) and analyzed using the univariate analysis. Results showed that most subjects of this study were boys (60.8%), in the age group of 1-4 years old (62.2%), with fever as the most common pnemonia clinical symptom (93.9%). Physical examinations revealed that the average pulse of the subjects were 131.2 beats/minute and the average temperature was 37.1°C. Other signs and symptoms identified during physical examinations were tachypnea (20,3%), retractions (56.1%), crackles (82.4%), and wheezing (22,3%). The laboratory findings presented a mean hemoglobin of 11.0 g/dL, a mean hematocrit of 32.5%, and a mean CRP of 13.2 mg/dL, while most subjects had normal leukocyte (58.1%) and platelet counts (52.0%). The most common chest X-ray finding of pneumonia in these children was infiltrate (92.6%) and the average length of stay was 4 days. Most under-five children experiencing pneumonia recovered after treatment (97.3%).
{"title":"Pneumonia Clinical Features in Under-Five Children Treated in Atma Jaya Hospital in 2017-2020","authors":"Rachel Roselany, Edward Surjono","doi":"10.15395/mkb.v55n1.2966","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15395/mkb.v55n1.2966","url":null,"abstract":"Pneumonia is the leading cause of infection-related death among children and still remains a global health problem, especially for children under five. This study aimed to identify the clinical features of pneumonia in under-five chilren treated at Atma Jaya Hospital during the period of 2017-2020. This was a cross-sectional retrospective descriptive study on all under-five patients diagnosed with pneumonia treated in Atma Jaya Hospital. Data were collected from November 2021-January 2022 from the medical records of these children (n=148) and analyzed using the univariate analysis. Results showed that most subjects of this study were boys (60.8%), in the age group of 1-4 years old (62.2%), with fever as the most common pnemonia clinical symptom (93.9%). Physical examinations revealed that the average pulse of the subjects were 131.2 beats/minute and the average temperature was 37.1°C. Other signs and symptoms identified during physical examinations were tachypnea (20,3%), retractions (56.1%), crackles (82.4%), and wheezing (22,3%). The laboratory findings presented a mean hemoglobin of 11.0 g/dL, a mean hematocrit of 32.5%, and a mean CRP of 13.2 mg/dL, while most subjects had normal leukocyte (58.1%) and platelet counts (52.0%). The most common chest X-ray finding of pneumonia in these children was infiltrate (92.6%) and the average length of stay was 4 days. Most under-five children experiencing pneumonia recovered after treatment (97.3%).","PeriodicalId":40791,"journal":{"name":"Majalah Kedokteran Bandung-MKB-Bandung Medical Journal","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.1,"publicationDate":"2023-03-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48105096","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
In providing the best health care to the community, hospitals as health care facilities utilize technologies that are influenced by developments and advances in medical sciences and technologies. One of such technologies is the information management technology. Since the quality of information processing is an essential factor for succesful medical care of patients, Regulation of the Minister of Health of the Republic of Indonesia Number 82 of 2013 requires all hospitals to implement a hospital information management system (HIMS). To assess the successful implementation of HIMS, various models and frameworks have been developed, including the HOT-FIT model. This study aimed to analyze the implementation of the hospital management information system at Langsa General Hospital, Aceh, Indonesia, using the HOT-FIT model which applied the SEM-PLS method. This quantitative study was performed in approximately three months using the HOT-FIT (company, technology-FIT human,) framework that includes nine variables of system quality, information quality, service quality, organization structure, facility situations, support from leadership, system usage, user satisfaction, and net benefits. Data analysis was performed using the SEM-PLS analysis in SmartPLS application (V.3.2.9). Results showed that human, organization, and technology supports were factors that influence the successful implementation of HIMS. To conclude, the HOT-FIT model can be used to identify the factors that influence the successful implementation of HIMS to inform the HIMS improvement in the hospital that will eventually improve the hospital’s quality system, information, service quality, and user satisfaction.
{"title":"Hospital Management Information System Implementation Assessment Using HOT-FIT Model in Langsa General Hospital Aceh, Indonesia","authors":"","doi":"10.15395/mkb.v55n1.280","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15395/mkb.v55n1.280","url":null,"abstract":"In providing the best health care to the community, hospitals as health care facilities utilize technologies that are influenced by developments and advances in medical sciences and technologies. One of such technologies is the information management technology. Since the quality of information processing is an essential factor for succesful medical care of patients, Regulation of the Minister of Health of the Republic of Indonesia Number 82 of 2013 requires all hospitals to implement a hospital information management system (HIMS). To assess the successful implementation of HIMS, various models and frameworks have been developed, including the HOT-FIT model. This study aimed to analyze the implementation of the hospital management information system at Langsa General Hospital, Aceh, Indonesia, using the HOT-FIT model which applied the SEM-PLS method. This quantitative study was performed in approximately three months using the HOT-FIT (company, technology-FIT human,) framework that includes nine variables of system quality, information quality, service quality, organization structure, facility situations, support from leadership, system usage, user satisfaction, and net benefits. Data analysis was performed using the SEM-PLS analysis in SmartPLS application (V.3.2.9). Results showed that human, organization, and technology supports were factors that influence the successful implementation of HIMS. To conclude, the HOT-FIT model can be used to identify the factors that influence the successful implementation of HIMS to inform the HIMS improvement in the hospital that will eventually improve the hospital’s quality system, information, service quality, and user satisfaction.","PeriodicalId":40791,"journal":{"name":"Majalah Kedokteran Bandung-MKB-Bandung Medical Journal","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.1,"publicationDate":"2023-03-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44238754","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Development of hyperplastic nodules in the transition zone of the prostate is the characteristic of Benign prostatic enlargement (BPE). Men with hypertension have a high risk of severe lower urinary tract syndrome (LUTS). This restrospective cohort analytic study investigated the association between LUTS and BPE in hypertension patients. Subjects were BPE patients with primary hypertension who visited the urology clinic of Dr. Hasan Sadikin General Hospital Bandung that were sampled consecutively from 2017 to 2020. Three hundred and twenty-four patients from the urology department participated in the study. These patients were categorized into mild LUTS (IPSS 1-7) (n=37, 11.4%), moderate LUTS (IPSS 8-19) (n=169, 52.2%), and severe LUTS (IPSS 20-35) (n=118, 36.4%). A positive correlation (r = 0.761, p = 0.000) and weak positive correlation (r = 0.152, p = 0.006) were found between systolic blood pressure and prostate volume and between LUTS and systolic blood pressure, respectively. In addition, there was also a weak positive correlation between diastolic blood pressure and prostate volume (r = 0.065, p = 0.245) and LUTS (r = 0.015, p = 0.784). Thus, there is an association between hypertension and prostate enlargement and the severity of lower urinary tract symptoms
{"title":"Association of Lower Urinary Tract Symptoms and Benign Prostatic Enlargement in Patients with Hypertension","authors":"","doi":"10.15395/mkb.v55n1.2689","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15395/mkb.v55n1.2689","url":null,"abstract":"Development of hyperplastic nodules in the transition zone of the prostate is the characteristic of Benign prostatic enlargement (BPE). Men with hypertension have a high risk of severe lower urinary tract syndrome (LUTS). This restrospective cohort analytic study investigated the association between LUTS and BPE in hypertension patients. Subjects were BPE patients with primary hypertension who visited the urology clinic of Dr. Hasan Sadikin General Hospital Bandung that were sampled consecutively from 2017 to 2020. Three hundred and twenty-four patients from the urology department participated in the study. These patients were categorized into mild LUTS (IPSS 1-7) (n=37, 11.4%), moderate LUTS (IPSS 8-19) (n=169, 52.2%), and severe LUTS (IPSS 20-35) (n=118, 36.4%). A positive correlation (r = 0.761, p = 0.000) and weak positive correlation (r = 0.152, p = 0.006) were found between systolic blood pressure and prostate volume and between LUTS and systolic blood pressure, respectively. In addition, there was also a weak positive correlation between diastolic blood pressure and prostate volume (r = 0.065, p = 0.245) and LUTS (r = 0.015, p = 0.784). Thus, there is an association between hypertension and prostate enlargement and the severity of lower urinary tract symptoms","PeriodicalId":40791,"journal":{"name":"Majalah Kedokteran Bandung-MKB-Bandung Medical Journal","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.1,"publicationDate":"2023-03-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42315383","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-03-10DOI: 10.1163/21983534-10010003
N. Assié-Lumumba
This article is the English version of a presentation delivered at the international symposium that was held on February 10–12, 2020, in Dakar (Senegal) in honor and memory of Professor Samir Amin. In what could be read as an autoethnography of more than four decades of observation and evolution the intellectual journey has been enriched from the status and experiences as students to adult academics with critical perspectives shaped the uBuntu-inspired life vision of Samir Amin. The journey of this global giant evolved with extraordinary consistency from childhood questioning social inequality to the global arena as the ultimate advocate of the marginalized everywhere. He inspired generations with his unsurpassed prolific knowledge production, his intellectual rigor and his humanity. The article also recognizes the role of his comrade and spouse, Isabelle Eynard Amin. Samir Amin’s unwavering commitment to the struggle to create a new world of equality and respect of our common humanity to achieve the highest level of human civilization. Beside the economy as the substructure articulated in Marxist analysis, formal education, as part of the superstructure, plays a more critical role than conceived by the classical Marxist and dependency theory as a critical tool for colonial and neo-colonial control. Indeed, formal education also contains the seed for possible social transformation.
{"title":"Samir Amin the African, Global Giant, and Epitome of uBuntu in Tireless Pursuit of the ‘Highest Level of Human Civilization’","authors":"N. Assié-Lumumba","doi":"10.1163/21983534-10010003","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1163/21983534-10010003","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000This article is the English version of a presentation delivered at the international symposium that was held on February 10–12, 2020, in Dakar (Senegal) in honor and memory of Professor Samir Amin. In what could be read as an autoethnography of more than four decades of observation and evolution the intellectual journey has been enriched from the status and experiences as students to adult academics with critical perspectives shaped the uBuntu-inspired life vision of Samir Amin. The journey of this global giant evolved with extraordinary consistency from childhood questioning social inequality to the global arena as the ultimate advocate of the marginalized everywhere. He inspired generations with his unsurpassed prolific knowledge production, his intellectual rigor and his humanity. The article also recognizes the role of his comrade and spouse, Isabelle Eynard Amin. Samir Amin’s unwavering commitment to the struggle to create a new world of equality and respect of our common humanity to achieve the highest level of human civilization. Beside the economy as the substructure articulated in Marxist analysis, formal education, as part of the superstructure, plays a more critical role than conceived by the classical Marxist and dependency theory as a critical tool for colonial and neo-colonial control. Indeed, formal education also contains the seed for possible social transformation.","PeriodicalId":40791,"journal":{"name":"Majalah Kedokteran Bandung-MKB-Bandung Medical Journal","volume":"116 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.1,"publicationDate":"2023-03-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"87082382","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-03-10DOI: 10.1163/21983534-10010006
R. Ghosh
As societal and community institutions, schools operate within certain worldviews. These worldviews impact the aims and objectives of schooling and therefore influence the culture of the school and classroom, not to mention the content of the curriculum and teacher practices. In this paper I consider the “traditional” African worldview of Ubuntu as a framework or a foundation for schooling and education to combat the alienation and discrimination faced by many students in the schools in Western countries which are pushing neo-liberal objectives but that lead them to violence and increasingly, to radicalization. I look at the recent phenomenon of radicalization that makes societies and nations unsafe, and some of the push and pull factors that are increasingly attracting some students in the contemporary world to extremist actions. While the threat of Islamic terrorism seems to have subsided, the threats from extreme right-wing nationalist and alt-right groups is increasing at a fast pace (Ghosh et al, 2016a; Eger and Valdex, 2014; Fadel, 2019; Jones, 2018). I contrast the concept of Ubuntu with Western values of humanism and analyze the core values of the Ubuntu worldview in pedagogical practices. I conclude that present punitive measures are ineffective in preventing radicalization which poses a security threat to all nations, but that schooling has an important role to play in combating this phenomenon through a worldview that is not only humanistic but different in its very understanding of what a human being is and therefore, in preventing schools from alienating individuals and groups.
作为社会和社区机构，学校在一定的世界观下运作。这些世界观影响了学校教育的目的和目标，从而影响了学校和课堂的文化，更不用说课程的内容和教师的实践了。在本文中，我认为“传统”非洲世界观的乌班图是学校教育的框架或基础，以对抗西方国家学校中许多学生所面临的疏远和歧视，这些学生正在推动新自由主义目标，但却导致他们暴力和越来越激进化。我研究了最近使社会和国家变得不安全的激进化现象，以及越来越多地吸引当代世界一些学生采取极端主义行动的一些推动和拉动因素。虽然伊斯兰恐怖主义的威胁似乎已经消退，但来自极右翼民族主义和另类右翼团体的威胁正在快速增加(Ghosh等人，2016a;Eger and Valdex, 2014;Fadel医生,2019;琼斯,2018)。将乌班图世界观与西方人文主义价值观进行对比，分析乌班图世界观在教学实践中的核心价值。我的结论是，目前的惩罚措施在防止对所有国家构成安全威胁的激进化方面是无效的，但学校教育在通过一种不仅是人道主义的世界观，而且在理解人类是什么方面是不同的世界观来对抗这一现象方面发挥着重要作用，因此，在防止学校疏远个人和群体方面。
{"title":"Ubuntu: Applying a Southern Theoretical Paradigm to Counter Youth Radicalization","authors":"R. Ghosh","doi":"10.1163/21983534-10010006","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1163/21983534-10010006","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000As societal and community institutions, schools operate within certain worldviews. These worldviews impact the aims and objectives of schooling and therefore influence the culture of the school and classroom, not to mention the content of the curriculum and teacher practices. In this paper I consider the “traditional” African worldview of Ubuntu as a framework or a foundation for schooling and education to combat the alienation and discrimination faced by many students in the schools in Western countries which are pushing neo-liberal objectives but that lead them to violence and increasingly, to radicalization. I look at the recent phenomenon of radicalization that makes societies and nations unsafe, and some of the push and pull factors that are increasingly attracting some students in the contemporary world to extremist actions. While the threat of Islamic terrorism seems to have subsided, the threats from extreme right-wing nationalist and alt-right groups is increasing at a fast pace (Ghosh et al, 2016a; Eger and Valdex, 2014; Fadel, 2019; Jones, 2018). I contrast the concept of Ubuntu with Western values of humanism and analyze the core values of the Ubuntu worldview in pedagogical practices. I conclude that present punitive measures are ineffective in preventing radicalization which poses a security threat to all nations, but that schooling has an important role to play in combating this phenomenon through a worldview that is not only humanistic but different in its very understanding of what a human being is and therefore, in preventing schools from alienating individuals and groups.","PeriodicalId":40791,"journal":{"name":"Majalah Kedokteran Bandung-MKB-Bandung Medical Journal","volume":"41 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.1,"publicationDate":"2023-03-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"84597648","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-03-10DOI: 10.1163/21983534-10010007
B. Nordtveit
Using Samir Amin’s theories of worldwide value and historical materialism, this article seeks to show that capitalism is inherently racist, at least since the TransAtlantic enslavement, and that its proponents are perpetuating racism by using it as a tool to deepen economic divides, and to destroy solidarity between workers. The global health crisis of Covid-19 demonstrates the expendability of frontline workers, a large proportion of whom are Black people and has exasperated the economic injustice propagated by the capitalist model. The racist and exploitative structure is global, with a Center extracting rent from the Periphery, where political power and “corruptionists” collude with global corporations. In low-intensity democracies such as the US, paid elections at best will lead to politicians making superficial discursive changes at Superstructure level, whereas the racist Base remains the same. Movements such as Black Lives Matter can be shaped and contained through manipulation of media. To change the Base, this article argues the need for “delinking” of the Periphery from the monopoly economy, and rehabilitation of Marxism through creation of a new global organization – a new Internationale of Workers, or a new Bandung. Putin’s invasion of Ukraine in Spring 2022 adds a layer of complexity to the international situation (as it is opening for discourses that are strengthening the monopoly economy worldwide, e.g., in arms manufacturing), but may eventually lead to the demise of the autocratic-capitalist system in Russia, with international repercussions.
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Pub Date : 2023-03-10DOI: 10.1007/978-3-319-70043-4_4
Y. Waghid
{"title":"On the Educational Potential of Ubuntu","authors":"Y. Waghid","doi":"10.1007/978-3-319-70043-4_4","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-70043-4_4","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":40791,"journal":{"name":"Majalah Kedokteran Bandung-MKB-Bandung Medical Journal","volume":"132 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.1,"publicationDate":"2023-03-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"72994793","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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