Pub Date : 2023-03-05DOI: 10.5296/emsd.v12i1.20502
R. Sarikas, Elizabeth Tipton, Andy Fodor, Arsen Djatej
The primary objective of this research is to examine the relationship between different forms of compensation for the board of directors/senior management and key sustainability indicators for publicly traded companies in the healthcare educational services economic sectors across the globe. This study also investigates the existence of measurable links between sustainability policies and extra-financial performance-oriented compensation for CEO, executive directors, and non-board management individuals based on ESG (environmental, social, and governance) or sustainability factors. The findings reveal a rather moderate, but important relationship between the independent and the dependent variable.
{"title":"Sustainability Methodologies and Sustainability-linked Senior Management Compensation Policies: An Analysis of Relationships for Global Companies in the Healthcare and Educational Services Sectors","authors":"R. Sarikas, Elizabeth Tipton, Andy Fodor, Arsen Djatej","doi":"10.5296/emsd.v12i1.20502","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5296/emsd.v12i1.20502","url":null,"abstract":"The primary objective of this research is to examine the relationship between different forms of compensation for the board of directors/senior management and key sustainability indicators for publicly traded companies in the healthcare educational services economic sectors across the globe. This study also investigates the existence of measurable links between sustainability policies and extra-financial performance-oriented compensation for CEO, executive directors, and non-board management individuals based on ESG (environmental, social, and governance) or sustainability factors. The findings reveal a rather moderate, but important relationship between the independent and the dependent variable.","PeriodicalId":408586,"journal":{"name":"Environmental Management and Sustainable Development","volume":"357 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-03-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"115940620","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-02-22DOI: 10.5296/emsd.v12i1.20666
Subrata Pal, P. C. Sarker
A smart country or smart city is one of the key issues all over the world, some countries have projected and some are trying to be smart. In the same way, the present government of Bangladesh wants to develop the country to the stage of a developed and sustainable country through the new concept of 'Smart Bangladesh’ by 2041. The recent development plan is a part of the present Bangladesh government's development agenda widely known as "Smart Bangladesh Vision 2041". This slogan has already attracted a large part of the population (mainly the young citizens) like "Digital Bangladesh". For this reason, the government has taken many inclusive initiatives combining people, government, economy, society and cities. This research paper represents the concepts and key elements or main pillars of "Smart Bangladesh Vision 2041". Besides, it shows various initiatives taken by Bangladesh government for implementing this development plan. It is imperative to have clear, concrete, and conceptual knowledge of Smart Bangladesh for all stakeholders before implementing successfully an inclusive vision.
{"title":"SMART Bangladesh Vision 2041: Concept of a Sustainable Developed Country","authors":"Subrata Pal, P. C. Sarker","doi":"10.5296/emsd.v12i1.20666","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5296/emsd.v12i1.20666","url":null,"abstract":"A smart country or smart city is one of the key issues all over the world, some countries have projected and some are trying to be smart. In the same way, the present government of Bangladesh wants to develop the country to the stage of a developed and sustainable country through the new concept of 'Smart Bangladesh’ by 2041. The recent development plan is a part of the present Bangladesh government's development agenda widely known as \"Smart Bangladesh Vision 2041\". This slogan has already attracted a large part of the population (mainly the young citizens) like \"Digital Bangladesh\". For this reason, the government has taken many inclusive initiatives combining people, government, economy, society and cities. This research paper represents the concepts and key elements or main pillars of \"Smart Bangladesh Vision 2041\". Besides, it shows various initiatives taken by Bangladesh government for implementing this development plan. It is imperative to have clear, concrete, and conceptual knowledge of Smart Bangladesh for all stakeholders before implementing successfully an inclusive vision.","PeriodicalId":408586,"journal":{"name":"Environmental Management and Sustainable Development","volume":"51 1-2","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-02-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"120916955","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-01-17DOI: 10.5296/emsd.v12i1.20677
E. Mohamed, G. Awad
Volatile organic compounds (VOCs) include different organic chemicals that can be easily vaporized and transported long distances via the environment. VOCs and health effects are dependent on the type, concentrations and duration of exposure. Chlorinated volatile compounds (CVOCs) are the most toxic VOCs because of their potential to cause cancer in humans. Many CVOCs are present in significant amounts in our ecosystems, including air, water and soil, and are resistant to degrade, despite the fact that their use has recently been more carefully managed and restricted. These chlorinated compounds are highly toxic and numerous have been banned from commercial utilization because they are persistent in the environment and accumulate in biological systems. Although these chemicals have been banned for decades, they are still being measured in the environment and the food chain. This paper provides a comprehensive review of the recent applications of biotechnology and nanotechnology in CVOCs remediation in various environmental systems. It is divided into many sections; each focuses on specific subtopics, covering diverse perspectives on the principal topic. Sections presented in the paper include; occurrence of CVOCs in the environment, sources, potential human health effects, recent biotechnology and nanotechnology used for CVOCs remediation, advantages and disadvantages of each strategy of treatment and future perspectives in this aspect are also provided. Finally, this paper presents advanced technologies available, to remind CVOCs emissions with their relative merits and demerits, better understand this integrated technology, and to effectively apply them in air, soil, and groundwater remediation. Consequently, we hope that this paper will guide and inspire the application of biotechnology and nanotechnology to the remediation of CVOCs.
{"title":"Advanced Nano-biotechnology for Chlorinated Volatile Compound Pollutants Control","authors":"E. Mohamed, G. Awad","doi":"10.5296/emsd.v12i1.20677","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5296/emsd.v12i1.20677","url":null,"abstract":"Volatile organic compounds (VOCs) include different organic chemicals that can be easily vaporized and transported long distances via the environment. VOCs and health effects are dependent on the type, concentrations and duration of exposure. Chlorinated volatile compounds (CVOCs) are the most toxic VOCs because of their potential to cause cancer in humans. Many CVOCs are present in significant amounts in our ecosystems, including air, water and soil, and are resistant to degrade, despite the fact that their use has recently been more carefully managed and restricted. These chlorinated compounds are highly toxic and numerous have been banned from commercial utilization because they are persistent in the environment and accumulate in biological systems. Although these chemicals have been banned for decades, they are still being measured in the environment and the food chain. This paper provides a comprehensive review of the recent applications of biotechnology and nanotechnology in CVOCs remediation in various environmental systems. It is divided into many sections; each focuses on specific subtopics, covering diverse perspectives on the principal topic. Sections presented in the paper include; occurrence of CVOCs in the environment, sources, potential human health effects, recent biotechnology and nanotechnology used for CVOCs remediation, advantages and disadvantages of each strategy of treatment and future perspectives in this aspect are also provided. Finally, this paper presents advanced technologies available, to remind CVOCs emissions with their relative merits and demerits, better understand this integrated technology, and to effectively apply them in air, soil, and groundwater remediation. Consequently, we hope that this paper will guide and inspire the application of biotechnology and nanotechnology to the remediation of CVOCs.","PeriodicalId":408586,"journal":{"name":"Environmental Management and Sustainable Development","volume":"29 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"121217277","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-01-06DOI: 10.5296/emsd.v12i1.20652
Shahin Alizadeh, R. Teimouri
In developing countries, one of the critical issues in urban planning is investigating and recognizing the quality of life (QoL) in metropolitan areas and preparing a comprehensive solution for it. Recognition of QoL indicators and evaluating their situation in different urban areas is a significant aspect of urban planning and development in metropolitan areas. The present study aims to evaluate the defined indicators of QoL in the urban areas of Tabriz Metropolis. After identifying the effective criteria, a pairwise comparison was conducted by the AHP method to find their weights. Then, ten Tabriz Municipality Districts and three towns located in the metropolitan area, including Basmenj, Sardrood, and Khosrowshahr, were ranked using the models of VIKOR, ELECTRE, and MORRIS. The results indicated that the QoL of districts 5, 2, and 9 among the municipality districts got the highest ranks and had a better situation than the other districts. On the other hand, districts 1, 4, and 6 have no good conditions in terms of QoL. Among the studied towns, Sardrood has better conditions regarding QoL than the others.
{"title":"Evaluation of Quality of Life in Metropolitan Areas in a Developing Country Context: The Case of Tabriz, Iran","authors":"Shahin Alizadeh, R. Teimouri","doi":"10.5296/emsd.v12i1.20652","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5296/emsd.v12i1.20652","url":null,"abstract":"In developing countries, one of the critical issues in urban planning is investigating and recognizing the quality of life (QoL) in metropolitan areas and preparing a comprehensive solution for it. Recognition of QoL indicators and evaluating their situation in different urban areas is a significant aspect of urban planning and development in metropolitan areas. The present study aims to evaluate the defined indicators of QoL in the urban areas of Tabriz Metropolis. After identifying the effective criteria, a pairwise comparison was conducted by the AHP method to find their weights. Then, ten Tabriz Municipality Districts and three towns located in the metropolitan area, including Basmenj, Sardrood, and Khosrowshahr, were ranked using the models of VIKOR, ELECTRE, and MORRIS. The results indicated that the QoL of districts 5, 2, and 9 among the municipality districts got the highest ranks and had a better situation than the other districts. On the other hand, districts 1, 4, and 6 have no good conditions in terms of QoL. Among the studied towns, Sardrood has better conditions regarding QoL than the others.","PeriodicalId":408586,"journal":{"name":"Environmental Management and Sustainable Development","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130598148","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-12-25DOI: 10.5296/emsd.v12i1.20618
R. Verma, K. Haseena
Fungi were isolated from raw sewage and sewage that had trickled down soil columns from a waste water treatment plant in Karlsruhe, Germany, using the laboratory techniques.Fusarium sporotrichioides Sherb, Penicillium funiculosum, and Trichoderma harzianum Rafai were named as isolates from raw sewage. P. notatum Westling, P. meleagrinum Biourge, Aspergillus flavus, Link ex Gray, A. repens, A. fumigatus Fresenius, and A. fischeri Wehmer were among the fungi found in the effluent of the soil columns that were isolated under absolutely anaerobic conditions. Fusarium poae (Peck) Wollenw. and Penicillium chrysogenum Thom. were isolated when samples were cultured in anaerobic jars with nitrate. The coloration, smell, and other fungal traits, such as conidial and conidiophore size, etc., were used to identify the organism. The fungi's antibiotic properties against bacteria were investigated. A little amount of the fungal mycelium was plate-plated on new Nutrient agar and Sabouraud agar after isolation. After two days of incubation, bacteria were cross-streaked toward the fungal colonies on the plates. On the plates, six strains of E. coli, Gram-negative Pseudomonas species, and aerobic Gram-positive Enterococci species were streaked in the direction of the fungi. After that, the plates were incubated in an aerobic environment. Similar to this, five anaerobic Gram-positive Bifidobacterium species strains that were isolated from sewage were cross streaked on fungal plates and then further cultured under anaerobic conditions. When compared to A. flavus and A. fumigatus, P. chrysogenum and A. repens were more effective at inhibiting Enterococci. Only P. chrysogenum, A. fumigatus, and A. repens inhibited Pseudomonas sp. A. fumigatus and P. chrysogenum var meleagrinum only little inhibited E. coli, but P. chrysogenum and A. flavus very successfully did so.Pre-growing P. chrysogenum, P. notatum, and P. meleagrinum on plates for two days in an aerobic environment was followed by cross-stripping with test strains of Bifidobacterium and incubation under strictly anaerobic conditions. Both P. chrysogenum and P. notatum had the greatest inhibitory effects on bifidobacterium.
真菌是用实验室技术从德国卡尔斯鲁厄一家污水处理厂的未经处理的污水和顺着土壤柱流下的污水中分离出来的。从原污水中分离出孢子毛枯镰刀菌、真菌青霉和哈茨木霉。P. notatum Westling, P. meleaginum Biourge，黄曲霉，Link ex Gray, A. repens, A. fumigatus Fresenius和A. fischeri Wehmer是在绝对厌氧条件下分离的土壤柱流出物中发现的真菌之一。镰刀菌poae (Peck) Wollenw和青霉菌。样品在硝酸厌氧罐中培养时分离。颜色、气味和其他真菌特征，如分生孢子和分生孢子的大小等，被用来识别生物体。研究了真菌对细菌的抗菌性能。分离后取少量菌丝体平板于new nutrition琼脂和Sabouraud琼脂上。经过两天的孵育，细菌在培养皿上向真菌菌落方向交叉排列。在培养皿上，6株大肠杆菌、革兰氏阴性假单胞菌和需氧革兰氏阳性肠球菌沿真菌方向呈条纹状排列。之后，培养皿在有氧环境中培养。与此类似，将从污水中分离出的5株厌氧革兰氏阳性双歧杆菌种在真菌板上交叉划线，然后在厌氧条件下进一步培养。与黄曲霉和烟曲霉相比，黄曲霉和红曲霉对肠球菌的抑制效果更好。只有黄曲假单胞菌、烟熏假单胞菌和灰化假单胞菌对大肠杆菌有抑制作用，烟熏假单胞菌和黑化假单胞菌对大肠杆菌的抑制作用很小，而黄曲假单胞菌和黄曲霉对大肠杆菌的抑制作用非常成功。在好氧环境下，在平板上预生长的黄假单胞菌、notatum假单胞菌和meleaginum假单胞菌在好氧环境下生长两天，然后与双歧杆菌试验菌株交叉剥离，并在严格的厌氧条件下孵育。对双歧杆菌的抑制作用最大的是黄芽孢杆菌和notatum芽孢杆菌。
{"title":"Antibiotic Producing Fungi in Sewage: Inhibitory Effect on 4 Bacterial Test Strains, and Different Fungal Types","authors":"R. Verma, K. Haseena","doi":"10.5296/emsd.v12i1.20618","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5296/emsd.v12i1.20618","url":null,"abstract":"Fungi were isolated from raw sewage and sewage that had trickled down soil columns from a waste water treatment plant in Karlsruhe, Germany, using the laboratory techniques.Fusarium sporotrichioides Sherb, Penicillium funiculosum, and Trichoderma harzianum Rafai were named as isolates from raw sewage. P. notatum Westling, P. meleagrinum Biourge, Aspergillus flavus, Link ex Gray, A. repens, A. fumigatus Fresenius, and A. fischeri Wehmer were among the fungi found in the effluent of the soil columns that were isolated under absolutely anaerobic conditions. Fusarium poae (Peck) Wollenw. and Penicillium chrysogenum Thom. were isolated when samples were cultured in anaerobic jars with nitrate. The coloration, smell, and other fungal traits, such as conidial and conidiophore size, etc., were used to identify the organism. The fungi's antibiotic properties against bacteria were investigated. A little amount of the fungal mycelium was plate-plated on new Nutrient agar and Sabouraud agar after isolation. After two days of incubation, bacteria were cross-streaked toward the fungal colonies on the plates. On the plates, six strains of E. coli, Gram-negative Pseudomonas species, and aerobic Gram-positive Enterococci species were streaked in the direction of the fungi. After that, the plates were incubated in an aerobic environment. Similar to this, five anaerobic Gram-positive Bifidobacterium species strains that were isolated from sewage were cross streaked on fungal plates and then further cultured under anaerobic conditions. When compared to A. flavus and A. fumigatus, P. chrysogenum and A. repens were more effective at inhibiting Enterococci. Only P. chrysogenum, A. fumigatus, and A. repens inhibited Pseudomonas sp. A. fumigatus and P. chrysogenum var meleagrinum only little inhibited E. coli, but P. chrysogenum and A. flavus very successfully did so.Pre-growing P. chrysogenum, P. notatum, and P. meleagrinum on plates for two days in an aerobic environment was followed by cross-stripping with test strains of Bifidobacterium and incubation under strictly anaerobic conditions. Both P. chrysogenum and P. notatum had the greatest inhibitory effects on bifidobacterium.","PeriodicalId":408586,"journal":{"name":"Environmental Management and Sustainable Development","volume":"19 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-12-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"124957696","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-11-18DOI: 10.5296/emsd.v12i2.21052
Noraina Mazuin Sapuan, Nazatul Faizah Haron, Vikniswari Vija Kumaran, Nur Surayya Saudi, Abdul Rahim Ridzuan
In the construction and building industry, sustainable development is becoming a powerful force for economic, social, and environmental gains with fewer negative consequences for the environment. It is essential to establish green and sustainable practices in the building and construction industry in order to improve energy efficiency, particularly by utilising the newest green technologies. As a result, the study’s objectives are to first investigate the most relevant practices to be used for green building employment; second, evaluate the benefits produced by the execution of green building; and third, analyse the best practices of green building characteristics. The findings of this study showed that green buildings developed using energy-efficient systems and implementing sustainable practices can reduce energy consumption, as well as lower the cost of operating and maintaining these buildings in the long term. Meanwhile, the government’s role is essential to attracting more participants in implementing sustainable practices in the construction and building sector, especially through more stringent regulations and appealing incentives.
{"title":"Green Building Best Practices in Achieving Energy and Environmental Sustainability","authors":"Noraina Mazuin Sapuan, Nazatul Faizah Haron, Vikniswari Vija Kumaran, Nur Surayya Saudi, Abdul Rahim Ridzuan","doi":"10.5296/emsd.v12i2.21052","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5296/emsd.v12i2.21052","url":null,"abstract":"In the construction and building industry, sustainable development is becoming a powerful force for economic, social, and environmental gains with fewer negative consequences for the environment. It is essential to establish green and sustainable practices in the building and construction industry in order to improve energy efficiency, particularly by utilising the newest green technologies. As a result, the study’s objectives are to first investigate the most relevant practices to be used for green building employment; second, evaluate the benefits produced by the execution of green building; and third, analyse the best practices of green building characteristics. The findings of this study showed that green buildings developed using energy-efficient systems and implementing sustainable practices can reduce energy consumption, as well as lower the cost of operating and maintaining these buildings in the long term. Meanwhile, the government’s role is essential to attracting more participants in implementing sustainable practices in the construction and building sector, especially through more stringent regulations and appealing incentives.","PeriodicalId":408586,"journal":{"name":"Environmental Management and Sustainable Development","volume":"10 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-11-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130108959","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-11-18DOI: 10.5296/emsd.v12i2.21051
Nazatul Faizah Haron, Noraina Mazuin Sapuan, Vikniswari Vija Kumaran, Nur Surayya Saudi, Abdul Rahim Ridzuan
Converging data have recently received attention due to the linkages between environmental pollution, the COVID-19 pandemic, climate change, as well as mental health. This encourages explored the intricate interplay between climate change, environmental pollution, and the Covid-19 pandemic, shedding light on their collective impacts on global mental health. The empirical evidence presented reveals how climate-induced disasters and pollution exacerbate mental health challenges, while the pandemic's multifaceted effects further compound these burdens. Vulnerable populations, including low-income communities, children, and frontline workers, face disproportionate mental health implications in this context. As the implications of this "triangle impact" become increasingly evident, urgent and comprehensive action is imperative. Policymakers and healthcare practitioners must adopt an integrated approach that incorporates climate adaptation measures, pollution mitigation strategies, and pandemic preparedness efforts to address these complex challenges. Equitable access to mental health services is crucial, recognizing mental well-being as a cornerstone of overall resilience. By fostering collaborative and empathetic action, society can forge a path toward a sustainable and mentally healthy future for all.
{"title":"Climate Change, Environmental Pollution and Covid-19 Pandemic: The Triangle Impacts on Mental Health","authors":"Nazatul Faizah Haron, Noraina Mazuin Sapuan, Vikniswari Vija Kumaran, Nur Surayya Saudi, Abdul Rahim Ridzuan","doi":"10.5296/emsd.v12i2.21051","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5296/emsd.v12i2.21051","url":null,"abstract":"Converging data have recently received attention due to the linkages between environmental pollution, the COVID-19 pandemic, climate change, as well as mental health. This encourages explored the intricate interplay between climate change, environmental pollution, and the Covid-19 pandemic, shedding light on their collective impacts on global mental health. The empirical evidence presented reveals how climate-induced disasters and pollution exacerbate mental health challenges, while the pandemic's multifaceted effects further compound these burdens. Vulnerable populations, including low-income communities, children, and frontline workers, face disproportionate mental health implications in this context. As the implications of this \"triangle impact\" become increasingly evident, urgent and comprehensive action is imperative. Policymakers and healthcare practitioners must adopt an integrated approach that incorporates climate adaptation measures, pollution mitigation strategies, and pandemic preparedness efforts to address these complex challenges. Equitable access to mental health services is crucial, recognizing mental well-being as a cornerstone of overall resilience. By fostering collaborative and empathetic action, society can forge a path toward a sustainable and mentally healthy future for all.","PeriodicalId":408586,"journal":{"name":"Environmental Management and Sustainable Development","volume":"24 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-11-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"133001928","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-11-11DOI: 10.5296/emsd.v11i4.20455
D. M. Petiangma, K. S. Shende, Niba Mary Fonteh
Seven years after the formulation of the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs), uncertainty looms on whether the 2030 targets would be achieved. In the Noun Division of Cameroon diverse stakeholders have made substantial efforts to meet the 2030 SDG on the provision of portable water to the rural communities. Despite these laudable efforts, access to portable water remains a topical issue in the Division. The focus of this study was to assess the prospects and challenges of water management stakeholders in the provision of portable water to the rural communities of the Noun Division. In order to meet this objective, a total of 400 questionnaires were randomly administered to household heads in rural councils with the help of traditional authorities. International, national, regional and local stakeholders involved in the management of water resources were interviewed. The “17 in 1” and “iQ. BAC” water test kits were respectively used to analyse the chemical properties of drinking water sources in situ and faecal content within 48 hours. Descriptive and inferential statistical techniques were used to analyse quantitative data while content and narrative analysis were used for qualitative data. Findings revealed that local, national and international portable water management stakeholders prioritised the improvement of portable water sources over other parameters. Whereas the proportion of people who depended on unimproved water sources reduced from 79.92% in 2015 to 57.52% in 2022, that with mean round trip time of over 30 minutes rather increased from 49.62% to 50.38%. Moreover, 50% of the interviewee indicated that portable water is expensive in the area, suggesting why 42.3% of the population still rely on streams today. Five sampled streams analysed with the iQ. BAC test kit tested positive for total coliform while confirmatory laboratory analysis revealed E. coli concentration of 11-100MPN/100ml in Njimom which according to WHO is synonymous to medium risk. The “17 in 1” test kit revealed abnormal concentration of lead (0.03-0.05 ppm) and sulphate (400-800 ppm) mainly in streams and boreholes. PCA identified five main components that account for 72.71% variance in the hydrochemistry of drinking water sources. Though, none of the four scenarios developed revealed complete access to improve drinking water in rural areas of the Noun Division by 2030, Njimom and Foumbot showed remarkable progress under the most probable scenario (50% increase in current effort) considered to be the most realistic. Water governance stakeholders should quadruple their current efforts in improving portable water sources and adopt a holistic approach that engulfs water quality improvement if they wish to make significant progress on SDG 6.1.
{"title":"Prospects and Challenges of Water Management Stakeholders in the Rural Communities of the Noun Division, West Region, Cameroon","authors":"D. M. Petiangma, K. S. Shende, Niba Mary Fonteh","doi":"10.5296/emsd.v11i4.20455","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5296/emsd.v11i4.20455","url":null,"abstract":"Seven years after the formulation of the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs), uncertainty looms on whether the 2030 targets would be achieved. In the Noun Division of Cameroon diverse stakeholders have made substantial efforts to meet the 2030 SDG on the provision of portable water to the rural communities. Despite these laudable efforts, access to portable water remains a topical issue in the Division. The focus of this study was to assess the prospects and challenges of water management stakeholders in the provision of portable water to the rural communities of the Noun Division. In order to meet this objective, a total of 400 questionnaires were randomly administered to household heads in rural councils with the help of traditional authorities. International, national, regional and local stakeholders involved in the management of water resources were interviewed. The “17 in 1” and “iQ. BAC” water test kits were respectively used to analyse the chemical properties of drinking water sources in situ and faecal content within 48 hours. Descriptive and inferential statistical techniques were used to analyse quantitative data while content and narrative analysis were used for qualitative data. Findings revealed that local, national and international portable water management stakeholders prioritised the improvement of portable water sources over other parameters. Whereas the proportion of people who depended on unimproved water sources reduced from 79.92% in 2015 to 57.52% in 2022, that with mean round trip time of over 30 minutes rather increased from 49.62% to 50.38%. Moreover, 50% of the interviewee indicated that portable water is expensive in the area, suggesting why 42.3% of the population still rely on streams today. Five sampled streams analysed with the iQ. BAC test kit tested positive for total coliform while confirmatory laboratory analysis revealed E. coli concentration of 11-100MPN/100ml in Njimom which according to WHO is synonymous to medium risk. The “17 in 1” test kit revealed abnormal concentration of lead (0.03-0.05 ppm) and sulphate (400-800 ppm) mainly in streams and boreholes. PCA identified five main components that account for 72.71% variance in the hydrochemistry of drinking water sources. Though, none of the four scenarios developed revealed complete access to improve drinking water in rural areas of the Noun Division by 2030, Njimom and Foumbot showed remarkable progress under the most probable scenario (50% increase in current effort) considered to be the most realistic. Water governance stakeholders should quadruple their current efforts in improving portable water sources and adopt a holistic approach that engulfs water quality improvement if they wish to make significant progress on SDG 6.1.","PeriodicalId":408586,"journal":{"name":"Environmental Management and Sustainable Development","volume":"25 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-11-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130002913","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-10-06DOI: 10.5296/emsd.v11i4.20200
John Vourdoubas
Solar photovoltaic electricity generation is important for the energy transition to net zero carbon economy in the coming decades. The aim of the current research is the investigation of the possibilities of installing floating solar photovoltaic panels on the surface of water reservoirs in the island of Crete, Greece. Solar photovoltaic electricity is currently generated in Crete while the solar panels are installed either on the fields or on the rooftop of buildings. Few natural water reservoirs exist in the island while many man-made dams have been constructed to store water and use it for irrigation and drinking purposes. Installation of floating solar panels on the surface of Potamon dam and Aposelemis dam in Crete could generate significant amounts of green electricity. Additionally, it could result in water savings due to lower water evaporation from the dams while more land area will be available for cultivation. Installation of floating solar panels in the two above-mentioned water dams with coverage ratio 10% could generate 252.77 GWhel/year corresponding at 8.3% of the annual electricity generation in Crete while 2.88 mil. m3/year of water could be saved. When the coverage ratio in the two dams is at 30% the annual electricity generation could be at 758.31 GWhel/year corresponding at 24.9% of the annual electricity generation in Crete while 8.64 mil. m3/year of water could be saved. Our results indicate that floating solar panels is a promising alternative technology to ground-mounted solar-PV panels for “solar electricity” generation in Crete.
{"title":"Possibilities of Using Floating Solar Photovoltaic Panels on Water Reservoirs in the Island of Crete, Greece","authors":"John Vourdoubas","doi":"10.5296/emsd.v11i4.20200","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5296/emsd.v11i4.20200","url":null,"abstract":"Solar photovoltaic electricity generation is important for the energy transition to net zero carbon economy in the coming decades. The aim of the current research is the investigation of the possibilities of installing floating solar photovoltaic panels on the surface of water reservoirs in the island of Crete, Greece. Solar photovoltaic electricity is currently generated in Crete while the solar panels are installed either on the fields or on the rooftop of buildings. Few natural water reservoirs exist in the island while many man-made dams have been constructed to store water and use it for irrigation and drinking purposes. Installation of floating solar panels on the surface of Potamon dam and Aposelemis dam in Crete could generate significant amounts of green electricity. Additionally, it could result in water savings due to lower water evaporation from the dams while more land area will be available for cultivation. Installation of floating solar panels in the two above-mentioned water dams with coverage ratio 10% could generate 252.77 GWhel/year corresponding at 8.3% of the annual electricity generation in Crete while 2.88 mil. m3/year of water could be saved. When the coverage ratio in the two dams is at 30% the annual electricity generation could be at 758.31 GWhel/year corresponding at 24.9% of the annual electricity generation in Crete while 8.64 mil. m3/year of water could be saved. Our results indicate that floating solar panels is a promising alternative technology to ground-mounted solar-PV panels for “solar electricity” generation in Crete.","PeriodicalId":408586,"journal":{"name":"Environmental Management and Sustainable Development","volume":"28 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-10-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"131667157","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-08-11DOI: 10.5296/emsd.v11i4.20162
Oylum Gokkurt Baki1, B. Baki
The Black Sea is surrounded by numerous industrial and agricultural areas. Therefore, many land-based pollutants are released into the Black Sea. Discharge of industrial and agricultural untreated wastewater to the Black Sea from a single source or scattered sources has been reported.The current study aimed to determine the concentration values of some heavy metals in the tissues of whiting fish (Merlangius merlangus, Linnaeus, 1758), one of the economical demersal species of the Black Sea. Accordingly, the accumulation concentrations of heavy metals including manganese (Mn), cobalt (Co), copper (Cu), zinc (Zn), and iron (Fe) were investigated in muscle tissue, gill, gonad, liver, and other visceral organs (except liver) in whiting fish samples.Heavy metal concentrations determined in the muscle tissue, which are particularly important for human consumption and health were sorted as Fe>Zn>Cu>Co>Mn and the concentration values of metals were 82.84±7.11; 50.45±12.24; <0.818; <0.479; <0.413 µg.kg-1, respectively. Zn had the highest concentration in gonad tissues whereas the highest concentration determined in the liver, visceral organs, and gills was Fe. As a result of the comparison of heavy metal results obtained in the muscle tissues with the relevant standards (FAO, 2010 and FAO/WHO, 2004), it was found that they were below the risky limit values for human consumption.
{"title":"Determination of Heavy Metals in Black Sea Whiting Fish (Merlangius merlangus, Linnaeus, 1758) Species","authors":"Oylum Gokkurt Baki1, B. Baki","doi":"10.5296/emsd.v11i4.20162","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5296/emsd.v11i4.20162","url":null,"abstract":"The Black Sea is surrounded by numerous industrial and agricultural areas. Therefore, many land-based pollutants are released into the Black Sea. Discharge of industrial and agricultural untreated wastewater to the Black Sea from a single source or scattered sources has been reported.The current study aimed to determine the concentration values of some heavy metals in the tissues of whiting fish (Merlangius merlangus, Linnaeus, 1758), one of the economical demersal species of the Black Sea. Accordingly, the accumulation concentrations of heavy metals including manganese (Mn), cobalt (Co), copper (Cu), zinc (Zn), and iron (Fe) were investigated in muscle tissue, gill, gonad, liver, and other visceral organs (except liver) in whiting fish samples.Heavy metal concentrations determined in the muscle tissue, which are particularly important for human consumption and health were sorted as Fe>Zn>Cu>Co>Mn and the concentration values of metals were 82.84±7.11; 50.45±12.24; <0.818; <0.479; <0.413 µg.kg-1, respectively. Zn had the highest concentration in gonad tissues whereas the highest concentration determined in the liver, visceral organs, and gills was Fe. As a result of the comparison of heavy metal results obtained in the muscle tissues with the relevant standards (FAO, 2010 and FAO/WHO, 2004), it was found that they were below the risky limit values for human consumption.","PeriodicalId":408586,"journal":{"name":"Environmental Management and Sustainable Development","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-08-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"124477507","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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