Pub Date : 1993-10-28DOI: 10.1109/IEMBS.1993.979309
S. Shukes, R. Splinte, M. Raja, R. Svenson, J. Tuntelder, K. Dezern, M. Thompson, G. Tatsis
Interest in lasa ablation of deep seated anthymic foci in myocardium has created the study for the optical properties of myocardiu~l] . With the usc of a Ti:Sapphire laser and intergrating sphere me&ods[2] we have investigated the spectral range of 690-10SOnm of myocardial tissue. Collimated 8s wet1 as diffuse light was transmitted hough bloodless tissue and measurements of the transmission and reflection were made. From these measuremeats the absorption, scattering and r e d u d scattering coefiiecients were determined. A minimum of these pprameters were found to be in the range of 800-84onm.
{"title":"Exploring the optical window of myocardial tissue for localized laser ablation of ventricular tachycardia","authors":"S. Shukes, R. Splinte, M. Raja, R. Svenson, J. Tuntelder, K. Dezern, M. Thompson, G. Tatsis","doi":"10.1109/IEMBS.1993.979309","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/IEMBS.1993.979309","url":null,"abstract":"Interest in lasa ablation of deep seated anthymic foci in myocardium has created the study for the optical properties of myocardiu~l] . With the usc of a Ti:Sapphire laser and intergrating sphere me&ods[2] we have investigated the spectral range of 690-10SOnm of myocardial tissue. Collimated 8s wet1 as diffuse light was transmitted hough bloodless tissue and measurements of the transmission and reflection were made. From these measuremeats the absorption, scattering and r e d u d scattering coefiiecients were determined. A minimum of these pprameters were found to be in the range of 800-84onm.","PeriodicalId":408657,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of the 15th Annual International Conference of the IEEE Engineering in Medicine and Biology Societ","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1993-10-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"129912958","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1993-10-28DOI: 10.1109/IEMBS.1993.979147
H. Koester, S.P. Levine
Many augmentative and altemative communication (AAC) systems provide a benefit of keysavings at the c a t of increased cognitive-perceptual requirements. A user performance model is derived that shows how cost and benefit determine text generation rate in these systems. The accuracy of the model is evaluated, and examples of useful applications are presented.
{"title":"A model of performance cost versus benefit for augmentative communication systems","authors":"H. Koester, S.P. Levine","doi":"10.1109/IEMBS.1993.979147","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/IEMBS.1993.979147","url":null,"abstract":"Many augmentative and altemative communication (AAC) systems provide a benefit of keysavings at the c a t of increased cognitive-perceptual requirements. A user performance model is derived that shows how cost and benefit determine text generation rate in these systems. The accuracy of the model is evaluated, and examples of useful applications are presented.","PeriodicalId":408657,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of the 15th Annual International Conference of the IEEE Engineering in Medicine and Biology Societ","volume":"10 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1993-10-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"129109931","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1993-10-28DOI: 10.1109/IEMBS.1993.978427
K. M. Allain, G. Coté
T h e final goal of this research is to deslgn a n d implement a computer based system capable of distinguishing between a number of different malignant and benign breast tumors. I t is envisioned that, by incorporat ing computer classification techniques along with patient age and clinical history into a n expert system, the f h a l instrument will be used as a screening device to aid the radiologist In classifying the tumor type noninvasively, potentially without the need fo r biopsy. This paper will describe the first pliase of this approach which includes the incorporat ion of three features to ullow computer differentiation between stellate carcinonras and fibroadenomas. The scanning nicdla was tlie digitized ininge of a film-screen mammogranl . A user friciidly systeni was designed a n d developed which used circularity, su r face roughness, and boundary rougliness as the features to identify those character is t ics in thc digital iniugc which indicate malignancy.
{"title":"Computer classification of stellate carcinomas and fibroadenomas using digitized mammograms","authors":"K. M. Allain, G. Coté","doi":"10.1109/IEMBS.1993.978427","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/IEMBS.1993.978427","url":null,"abstract":"T h e final goal of this research is to deslgn a n d implement a computer based system capable of distinguishing between a number of different malignant and benign breast tumors. I t is envisioned that, by incorporat ing computer classification techniques along with patient age and clinical history into a n expert system, the f h a l instrument will be used as a screening device to aid the radiologist In classifying the tumor type noninvasively, potentially without the need fo r biopsy. This paper will describe the first pliase of this approach which includes the incorporat ion of three features to ullow computer differentiation between stellate carcinonras and fibroadenomas. The scanning nicdla was tlie digitized ininge of a film-screen mammogranl . A user friciidly systeni was designed a n d developed which used circularity, su r face roughness, and boundary rougliness as the features to identify those character is t ics in thc digital iniugc which indicate malignancy.","PeriodicalId":408657,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of the 15th Annual International Conference of the IEEE Engineering in Medicine and Biology Societ","volume":"25 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1993-10-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130632318","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1993-10-28DOI: 10.1109/IEMBS.1993.978580
Cunsheng Zhang, W. J. Williams, J. C. Sackellares
{"title":"Rid time-prequency analysis of median fmter and lowpass fmter in reducing emg artifacts in eeg recording","authors":"Cunsheng Zhang, W. J. Williams, J. C. Sackellares","doi":"10.1109/IEMBS.1993.978580","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/IEMBS.1993.978580","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":408657,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of the 15th Annual International Conference of the IEEE Engineering in Medicine and Biology Societ","volume":"10 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1993-10-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"123656789","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1993-10-28DOI: 10.1109/IEMBS.1993.978479
S. Tadikonda, M. Sonka, S. M. Collins
A u t o m a t e d segmentation and interpretation of medical images is o f t en a difficult task due to the complexi ty of the image data. Using cu r ren t reg ion growing segmentation techniques, t h e image is almost always oversegmented or undersegmented because the region growing processes are mostly based on region homogeneity properties. Seman t i c region growing approaches often s t a r t w i t h an oversegmented image and use U priori knowledge to merge regions in objects. We describe here a region merging method that is useful i n o u r s eman t i c genetic image segmenta t ion and in t e rp re t a t ion method.
{"title":"Region merging in medical image segmentation and interpretation","authors":"S. Tadikonda, M. Sonka, S. M. Collins","doi":"10.1109/IEMBS.1993.978479","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/IEMBS.1993.978479","url":null,"abstract":"A u t o m a t e d segmentation and interpretation of medical images is o f t en a difficult task due to the complexi ty of the image data. Using cu r ren t reg ion growing segmentation techniques, t h e image is almost always oversegmented or undersegmented because the region growing processes are mostly based on region homogeneity properties. Seman t i c region growing approaches often s t a r t w i t h an oversegmented image and use U priori knowledge to merge regions in objects. We describe here a region merging method that is useful i n o u r s eman t i c genetic image segmenta t ion and in t e rp re t a t ion method.","PeriodicalId":408657,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of the 15th Annual International Conference of the IEEE Engineering in Medicine and Biology Societ","volume":"107 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1993-10-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"121290895","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1993-10-28DOI: 10.1109/IEMBS.1993.979046
I.E. Sanders, D. Leotta, B. Goldstein
Absfract Adaptive changes that occur in skin microstructure under repeatedly-applied mechanical force are investigated. A load-applicator to apply cyclic loads showed an instrumentation error less than 3% full-scale output. Qualitative histological analysis of prehninary results from a pig model suggested changes in both the epidermis and dermis. Skin adaptation research will provide insight appIicable to development of diagnostic tools to assess skin integrity and therapies to facilitate adaptation in cases where it is impaired or lost.
{"title":"Skin adaptation to mechanical stress","authors":"I.E. Sanders, D. Leotta, B. Goldstein","doi":"10.1109/IEMBS.1993.979046","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/IEMBS.1993.979046","url":null,"abstract":"Absfract Adaptive changes that occur in skin microstructure under repeatedly-applied mechanical force are investigated. A load-applicator to apply cyclic loads showed an instrumentation error less than 3% full-scale output. Qualitative histological analysis of prehninary results from a pig model suggested changes in both the epidermis and dermis. Skin adaptation research will provide insight appIicable to development of diagnostic tools to assess skin integrity and therapies to facilitate adaptation in cases where it is impaired or lost.","PeriodicalId":408657,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of the 15th Annual International Conference of the IEEE Engineering in Medicine and Biology Societ","volume":"16 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1993-10-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"121381933","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1993-10-28DOI: 10.1109/IEMBS.1993.978514
G. Montilla, V. Barrios, V. Subacius, N. Rangel, C. Roux
AbsfrucfAn automutic mi>del-hussd melhod has been developed for thedetection ottheepiurdiill lwtiindury in purusternal short-axis hi-dimensionul cchtwrdit~rums, using genetic algorithms (GA) for optimirution. Our msthcd minimhe a glohd border dependent energy functitrn, which considem optimul edge detection and medical knowledge of the hourt. 'The shupe of the ventricular houndory Is modcled by U pnrnmelricellipticul Fourler series and the C A guides the ellipsdd shupe and position toword an optimal recognition. The mujor advantage of this mudel-based rcppronch, is that it correctly interpreg noise und incomplete images, which ore churncleristics of ccho imuges.
摘要:提出了一种基于遗传算法优化的胸廓短轴高维尿径检测方法，用于胸廓外尿径检测。我们的模型最小化了一个全局边界依赖的能量函数，它考虑了最佳的边缘检测和小时的医学知识。采用U - p - p -椭圆傅勒级数对心室的形状进行建模，并利用C - A对椭圆的形状和位置进行最优识别。这种基于模型的方法的主要优点是能够正确地解释噪声和不完整图像，从而提高了图像的识别能力。
{"title":"Model-based epicardial boundary detection using genetic algorithms","authors":"G. Montilla, V. Barrios, V. Subacius, N. Rangel, C. Roux","doi":"10.1109/IEMBS.1993.978514","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/IEMBS.1993.978514","url":null,"abstract":"AbsfrucfAn automutic mi>del-hussd melhod has been developed for thedetection ottheepiurdiill lwtiindury in purusternal short-axis hi-dimensionul cchtwrdit~rums, using genetic algorithms (GA) for optimirution. Our msthcd minimhe a glohd border dependent energy functitrn, which considem optimul edge detection and medical knowledge of the hourt. 'The shupe of the ventricular houndory Is modcled by U pnrnmelricellipticul Fourler series and the C A guides the ellipsdd shupe and position toword an optimal recognition. The mujor advantage of this mudel-based rcppronch, is that it correctly interpreg noise und incomplete images, which ore churncleristics of ccho imuges.","PeriodicalId":408657,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of the 15th Annual International Conference of the IEEE Engineering in Medicine and Biology Societ","volume":"84 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1993-10-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"116150860","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1993-10-28DOI: 10.1109/IEMBS.1993.978825
R. Throne, L. Olson
{"title":"A truncated eigenvector solution to the inverse problem of electrocardiography","authors":"R. Throne, L. Olson","doi":"10.1109/IEMBS.1993.978825","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/IEMBS.1993.978825","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":408657,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of the 15th Annual International Conference of the IEEE Engineering in Medicine and Biology Societ","volume":"142 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1993-10-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"116349944","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1993-10-28DOI: 10.1109/IEMBS.1993.978651
Honglian Sun
In this paper, it hiresolution microscope image processing system is p?rsent.ed, which is consited of HDTV came ra i nclus t. r i a 1 a pp 1 i c a t ion, conipiiter and display with VGA. The interface circuite between HDTV signal and PC is based on fast scan and slower capture image data.This paper describes hardware configuration principle with emphasis. f o r
本文介绍了一种高分辨率显微镜图像处理系统。它是由高清电视组成的，它包括一台一台高清电视，一台一台高清电视，一台一台高清电视，一台高清电视，一台高清电视，一台高清电视，一台VGA显示器。HDTV信号与PC机之间的接口电路是基于快速扫描和慢速采集图像数据。本文重点介绍了硬件配置原理。F / r
{"title":"Hiresolution microscope image processing system","authors":"Honglian Sun","doi":"10.1109/IEMBS.1993.978651","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/IEMBS.1993.978651","url":null,"abstract":"In this paper, it hiresolution microscope image processing system is p?rsent.ed, which is consited of HDTV came ra i nclus t. r i a 1 a pp 1 i c a t ion, conipiiter and display with VGA. The interface circuite between HDTV signal and PC is based on fast scan and slower capture image data.This paper describes hardware configuration principle with emphasis. f o r","PeriodicalId":408657,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of the 15th Annual International Conference of the IEEE Engineering in Medicine and Biology Societ","volume":"67 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1993-10-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"121551333","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1993-10-28DOI: 10.1109/IEMBS.1993.978519
K. Pakdaman, J. Vibert, N. Azmy
AbstracfThis paper deals with the modelling of excitatory networks. The conditions in which to& or phasic activities arise in such networks were investigated. These behaviors a re iniplicated in the generation of the brainstem spontaneous activity or in epaeptic-like synchronous discharge patterns. It was shown that a physiologically relevant parameter couId control the switclling from one type of activity to the other. INTRODUCTION Excitatory synapses play N) important role in the amplification and synchronization of the electrical activity in living neural networks. The following examples show that excitatory connections may lead to both phasic and tonic electrical activities in living neural networks: 1 ) Direct application of penicillin to the brain's surface decreases the activity of inhibitory GABAergic synapses and elicits seizures similar IO epileptic seizures [I]. Withdrawal of GABA in neocorticd neurons [2 ] , and the injection of a minute dose of tetanus toxin f3] both produce similar epileptic syndromes. In fact a decrease in inhibition has been associated with epilepsy [4], [ 5 ] . The epileptic seizures are characterized by a synchronized overall (phasic) activity in the network. Therefore the lack of inhibitory connections in the network contributes to the emergence of an overall synchronized panem. 2 ) The Solitary Complex is an area of the brainstem which has been implicated in various functions such as cardiovascular regulation, respiration and feeding functions. In vitro studies of the Solitary Complex have revealed that in the absence of afferent sensory inputs, fully excitatory networks within the Solitary Complex generate a tonic background synaptic activity [6 ] . Such spontaneous activities in the brainstem are important in the control of locomotion (71, respiration [8], sleep w'aking cycles [9], and cardiovascular parameters [lo]. Therefore other networks of excitatory synaptic connections may also be implicated in generating brainstem spontaneous activities. These excitatory networks would constitute re-excitatory loops which conmbute to the generation of tonic background synaptic activities. Quantitative and qualitative modelling aided by computer technology have made important contributions to the understanding of the nervous system. Simulations submitted to biological constrainls of structural and dynamical plausibility can shed light on how the assembly of complex neural units behaves. This led us to simulate fully excitatoly neural networks. We investigated the conditions which led to tonic or phasic activities in excitatory networks. Special attention was paid to the possibility to transform one type of behavior to the other through the modification of a single control parameter. METHODS The modelNeural networks were simulated using a connectionist model with high biological plausibility called Neuro-Bio-Clusters (NBC) [ 1 I]. Simulations were performed using a phenomenological model of the temporal evolution of th
{"title":"Tonic and phasic overall activities in biologically plausible excitatory neural networks","authors":"K. Pakdaman, J. Vibert, N. Azmy","doi":"10.1109/IEMBS.1993.978519","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/IEMBS.1993.978519","url":null,"abstract":"AbstracfThis paper deals with the modelling of excitatory networks. The conditions in which to& or phasic activities arise in such networks were investigated. These behaviors a re iniplicated in the generation of the brainstem spontaneous activity or in epaeptic-like synchronous discharge patterns. It was shown that a physiologically relevant parameter couId control the switclling from one type of activity to the other. INTRODUCTION Excitatory synapses play N) important role in the amplification and synchronization of the electrical activity in living neural networks. The following examples show that excitatory connections may lead to both phasic and tonic electrical activities in living neural networks: 1 ) Direct application of penicillin to the brain's surface decreases the activity of inhibitory GABAergic synapses and elicits seizures similar IO epileptic seizures [I]. Withdrawal of GABA in neocorticd neurons [2 ] , and the injection of a minute dose of tetanus toxin f3] both produce similar epileptic syndromes. In fact a decrease in inhibition has been associated with epilepsy [4], [ 5 ] . The epileptic seizures are characterized by a synchronized overall (phasic) activity in the network. Therefore the lack of inhibitory connections in the network contributes to the emergence of an overall synchronized panem. 2 ) The Solitary Complex is an area of the brainstem which has been implicated in various functions such as cardiovascular regulation, respiration and feeding functions. In vitro studies of the Solitary Complex have revealed that in the absence of afferent sensory inputs, fully excitatory networks within the Solitary Complex generate a tonic background synaptic activity [6 ] . Such spontaneous activities in the brainstem are important in the control of locomotion (71, respiration [8], sleep w'aking cycles [9], and cardiovascular parameters [lo]. Therefore other networks of excitatory synaptic connections may also be implicated in generating brainstem spontaneous activities. These excitatory networks would constitute re-excitatory loops which conmbute to the generation of tonic background synaptic activities. Quantitative and qualitative modelling aided by computer technology have made important contributions to the understanding of the nervous system. Simulations submitted to biological constrainls of structural and dynamical plausibility can shed light on how the assembly of complex neural units behaves. This led us to simulate fully excitatoly neural networks. We investigated the conditions which led to tonic or phasic activities in excitatory networks. Special attention was paid to the possibility to transform one type of behavior to the other through the modification of a single control parameter. METHODS The modelNeural networks were simulated using a connectionist model with high biological plausibility called Neuro-Bio-Clusters (NBC) [ 1 I]. Simulations were performed using a phenomenological model of the temporal evolution of th","PeriodicalId":408657,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of the 15th Annual International Conference of the IEEE Engineering in Medicine and Biology Societ","volume":"100 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1993-10-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"114703969","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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