Pub Date : 2023-10-01DOI: 10.21608/ejvs.2023.232415.1579
Tarek Balabel, Ahmed A. Sabek, Gamal Radwan
.
{"title":"Evaluation of Some Hemato-Biochemical Parameters and Growth Performance of Friesian Calves During Suckling Period Under Egyptian Conditions","authors":"Tarek Balabel, Ahmed A. Sabek, Gamal Radwan","doi":"10.21608/ejvs.2023.232415.1579","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21608/ejvs.2023.232415.1579","url":null,"abstract":".","PeriodicalId":40934,"journal":{"name":"EGYPTIAN JOURNAL OF VETERINARY SCIENCE","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"136247178","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-10-01DOI: 10.21608/ejvs.2023.230351.1567
Amal Yousef, Amgad Moawad, Mostafa Abdou
dwardsiella tarda (E. tarda) is a zoonotic bacterium that causes Edwardsiellosis, characterized by extensive mortality in fish leading to high economic losses. Little information is available on the molecular characterization of antimicrobial resistance in E. tarda . Therefore, the objective of this research was to depict, at the molecular level, E. tarda's antimicrobial resistance isolated from tilapia fish in Egypt, which was identified by both biochemical tests (Microbact™) and polymerase chain reaction (PCR) using species-specific primers targeting the gyrase B1 (gyrB1) gene , a taxonomic marker for E. tarda , with a size of 415 bp. Twenty-four E. tarda isolates were isolated from 100 diseased fish samples randomly collected from 10 private fish farms (ten fish each) in the Kafr El-Sheikh governorate, Egypt. The susceptibility of all isolates was determined against 10 antimicrobial agents (amoxicillin (AMX), ampicillin (AMP), ciprofloxacin (CIP), tetracycline (TE), cefotaxime (CTX), streptomycin (S), erythromycin (E), norfloxacin (NOR), amoxicillin/clavulanic acid (AMC), and sulbactam/ampicillin (SAM). Most of these isolates demonstrate multidrug-resistant phenotypes, as the complete resistance was against erythromycin (100%), followed by the highest resistance against tetracycline and amoxicillin (83.3%). β-Lactamase-encoding genes have been detected as follows: bla TEM and bla SHV in 85.7% and 14.2% of isolates, respectively. While bla OXA and bla CTX-M were not detected, tetracycline resistance genes were identified as follows: tetA in 57.1% and tetB in 42.8%, but the erythromycin resistance gene ( ermB ) was not detected. This study demonstrated that fish are potential sources of multidrug-resistant E. tarda.
{"title":"Molecular Characterization Of Antimicrobial Resistance In Edwardsiella Tarda Isolated From Diseased Tilapia Fish In Egypt","authors":"Amal Yousef, Amgad Moawad, Mostafa Abdou","doi":"10.21608/ejvs.2023.230351.1567","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21608/ejvs.2023.230351.1567","url":null,"abstract":"dwardsiella tarda (E. tarda) is a zoonotic bacterium that causes Edwardsiellosis, characterized by extensive mortality in fish leading to high economic losses. Little information is available on the molecular characterization of antimicrobial resistance in E. tarda . Therefore, the objective of this research was to depict, at the molecular level, E. tarda's antimicrobial resistance isolated from tilapia fish in Egypt, which was identified by both biochemical tests (Microbact™) and polymerase chain reaction (PCR) using species-specific primers targeting the gyrase B1 (gyrB1) gene , a taxonomic marker for E. tarda , with a size of 415 bp. Twenty-four E. tarda isolates were isolated from 100 diseased fish samples randomly collected from 10 private fish farms (ten fish each) in the Kafr El-Sheikh governorate, Egypt. The susceptibility of all isolates was determined against 10 antimicrobial agents (amoxicillin (AMX), ampicillin (AMP), ciprofloxacin (CIP), tetracycline (TE), cefotaxime (CTX), streptomycin (S), erythromycin (E), norfloxacin (NOR), amoxicillin/clavulanic acid (AMC), and sulbactam/ampicillin (SAM). Most of these isolates demonstrate multidrug-resistant phenotypes, as the complete resistance was against erythromycin (100%), followed by the highest resistance against tetracycline and amoxicillin (83.3%). β-Lactamase-encoding genes have been detected as follows: bla TEM and bla SHV in 85.7% and 14.2% of isolates, respectively. While bla OXA and bla CTX-M were not detected, tetracycline resistance genes were identified as follows: tetA in 57.1% and tetB in 42.8%, but the erythromycin resistance gene ( ermB ) was not detected. This study demonstrated that fish are potential sources of multidrug-resistant E. tarda.","PeriodicalId":40934,"journal":{"name":"EGYPTIAN JOURNAL OF VETERINARY SCIENCE","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"136127276","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
CULAR infections caused by bacteria represent an important public health problem worldwide. This study was conducted to determine the antimicrobial resistance pattern and the emergence of cefoxitin-and vancomycin-resistant S. aureus causing ocular infections at El-Gharbia governorate hospitals. For this study, 300 S. aureus isolates were collected from patients suffering from eye infections from four hospitals in El-Gharbia governorate. Furthermore, isolates were molecularly characterized using 23s rRNA PCR. Antibiotic sensitivity tests were performed using the disk diffusion test. A total of 90 (31%) S. aureus isolates were identified, and distributed within the four hospitals as 25%, 33%, 48%, and 16% from Quotour hospital, El–Menshawy, El-Ramad and Quotour clinic, respectively. Moreover, S. aureus was isolated from male and female patients at the rate of 30.8 % and 31 %, respectively. S. aureus ocular isolates were sensitive to ciprofloxacin, levofloxacin, cefuroxime, amikacin, azithromycin, norfloxacin, sulbactam/ampicillin and cefotaxime. In contrast, 89%, 90%, 100% and 85% of these isolates showed resistance to ampicillin, cefoxitin, doxycycline hydrochloride, and vancomycin. Whereas, the rest of S. aureus strains were cefoxitin-and vancomycin-intermediate resistant. This study alerts the emergence of cefoxitin-and vancomycin-resistant S. aureus causing ocular infections among hospitals in the El-Gharbia governorate. Additionally, ciprofloxacin is the most effective antibiotic against S. aureus causing ocular infections reported in this study.
{"title":"Vancomycin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus Causing Ocular Infections in El-Gharbia Governorate, Egypt","authors":"Amgad Moawad, Lamiaa Eissa, Abdelgayed Younes, Soliman Haroun","doi":"10.21608/ejvs.2023.230168.1564","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21608/ejvs.2023.230168.1564","url":null,"abstract":"CULAR infections caused by bacteria represent an important public health problem worldwide. This study was conducted to determine the antimicrobial resistance pattern and the emergence of cefoxitin-and vancomycin-resistant S. aureus causing ocular infections at El-Gharbia governorate hospitals. For this study, 300 S. aureus isolates were collected from patients suffering from eye infections from four hospitals in El-Gharbia governorate. Furthermore, isolates were molecularly characterized using 23s rRNA PCR. Antibiotic sensitivity tests were performed using the disk diffusion test. A total of 90 (31%) S. aureus isolates were identified, and distributed within the four hospitals as 25%, 33%, 48%, and 16% from Quotour hospital, El–Menshawy, El-Ramad and Quotour clinic, respectively. Moreover, S. aureus was isolated from male and female patients at the rate of 30.8 % and 31 %, respectively. S. aureus ocular isolates were sensitive to ciprofloxacin, levofloxacin, cefuroxime, amikacin, azithromycin, norfloxacin, sulbactam/ampicillin and cefotaxime. In contrast, 89%, 90%, 100% and 85% of these isolates showed resistance to ampicillin, cefoxitin, doxycycline hydrochloride, and vancomycin. Whereas, the rest of S. aureus strains were cefoxitin-and vancomycin-intermediate resistant. This study alerts the emergence of cefoxitin-and vancomycin-resistant S. aureus causing ocular infections among hospitals in the El-Gharbia governorate. Additionally, ciprofloxacin is the most effective antibiotic against S. aureus causing ocular infections reported in this study.","PeriodicalId":40934,"journal":{"name":"EGYPTIAN JOURNAL OF VETERINARY SCIENCE","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"136247163","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-10-01DOI: 10.21608/ejvs.2023.231058.1574
Abd El.Galil El.Gohary, Moshira Elabasy, Fares Elkhiat, Azza Elhadad
. HIS work aimed to investigate the epidemiology and methods of diagnosis and treatment of Salmonella paratyphoid infection in chickens during the period from March to December 2020. For this purpose, a total of 200 suspected diseased chicks 2-14 days old were collected from 10 chicken farms located in Kafrelsheikh Governorate, Egypt. These chicks were examined, and then samples were taken from the lung, liver, intestine, and gall bladder to investigate the current situation of the incidence of Salmonella paratyphoid. These samples were examined bacteriologically, biochemically and serologically and histopathological examination with treatment of experimentally infected chicks. The results revealed 36 isolates with an incidence of (18%). The prevalence of Salmonella paratyphoid in the internal organs was highest in the intestine (55.6%), followed by liver (25%), gall bladder (13.9%), and lowest in lung (5.6%). Serotyping of Salmonella isolates revealed that two different serotypes (S. Kentucky and S. rechovot) with incidence of 28(77.8%) and 8(22.2%) respectively. The antibiogramme of isolated salmonella strains revealed sensitivity to thiamphenicol, amoxycillin and sulphatrimithoprine, respectively, but, resistant to flomoquine, neomycin and clindamycin. Conclusion: Salmonella paratyphoid is a serious infectious disease to all poultry farms due to high morbidity and mortality. Prevention and control can be achieved by adopting the principles of HACCP (Hazard Analysis Critical Control Point). Hygiene and biosecurity should be part of the overall management of the farm.
{"title":"Present Situation on Incidence of Paratyphoid Infection in Kafrelsheikh Chicken Farms, Egypt","authors":"Abd El.Galil El.Gohary, Moshira Elabasy, Fares Elkhiat, Azza Elhadad","doi":"10.21608/ejvs.2023.231058.1574","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21608/ejvs.2023.231058.1574","url":null,"abstract":". HIS work aimed to investigate the epidemiology and methods of diagnosis and treatment of Salmonella paratyphoid infection in chickens during the period from March to December 2020. For this purpose, a total of 200 suspected diseased chicks 2-14 days old were collected from 10 chicken farms located in Kafrelsheikh Governorate, Egypt. These chicks were examined, and then samples were taken from the lung, liver, intestine, and gall bladder to investigate the current situation of the incidence of Salmonella paratyphoid. These samples were examined bacteriologically, biochemically and serologically and histopathological examination with treatment of experimentally infected chicks. The results revealed 36 isolates with an incidence of (18%). The prevalence of Salmonella paratyphoid in the internal organs was highest in the intestine (55.6%), followed by liver (25%), gall bladder (13.9%), and lowest in lung (5.6%). Serotyping of Salmonella isolates revealed that two different serotypes (S. Kentucky and S. rechovot) with incidence of 28(77.8%) and 8(22.2%) respectively. The antibiogramme of isolated salmonella strains revealed sensitivity to thiamphenicol, amoxycillin and sulphatrimithoprine, respectively, but, resistant to flomoquine, neomycin and clindamycin. Conclusion: Salmonella paratyphoid is a serious infectious disease to all poultry farms due to high morbidity and mortality. Prevention and control can be achieved by adopting the principles of HACCP (Hazard Analysis Critical Control Point). Hygiene and biosecurity should be part of the overall management of the farm.","PeriodicalId":40934,"journal":{"name":"EGYPTIAN JOURNAL OF VETERINARY SCIENCE","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"136128530","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-10-01DOI: 10.21608/ejvs.2023.230331.1566
Salma Elmaya, Nader Mostafa, Mohamed Kassab, Ghada Kirrella, Mohammed Abu El-Magd
. HIS study aimed to detect the adulteration of some beef products (burger, sausage, luncheon) using chemical, molecular, and histological techniques. We used a total of 63 beef product samples (21 from each product) collected from Egyptian markets. Based on costs, these samples were categorized into class A (high price), class B (medium price), and class C (low price). Adulteration was detected using the chemical composition to estimate protein%, the high-resolution melting (HRM) approach of the real-time PCR (HRM-PCR) to detect species substitution, and the histological examination to detect the adulterated tissue. The chemical analysis showed significantly higher measured protein % in class A beef products than in Class B and C. Molecular detection of mitochondrial 16S rRNA using HRM-PCR revealed the presence of meat adulteration in class B and C by mixing beef meat with either meat of other animals (donkey, dog, and cat) which normally are not consumed or slaughtered in Egypt or meat of other closely related animal species such as sheep and goat. On the histological level, adulteration was also found as noticed by the presence of a large number of tissues other than meat including bone, cartilage, fat, connective tissue, and large blood vessels, especially in class B and C products. With these data, we could conclude that medium and low-price meat products had a high incidence of adulteration. We argue that this strategy for the detection of meat adulteration might be used to safeguard consumers against food fraud in developing countries like Egypt.
{"title":"Chemical, Molecular, and Histological Techniques for Detection of Adulteration in some Egyptian Meat Products","authors":"Salma Elmaya, Nader Mostafa, Mohamed Kassab, Ghada Kirrella, Mohammed Abu El-Magd","doi":"10.21608/ejvs.2023.230331.1566","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21608/ejvs.2023.230331.1566","url":null,"abstract":". HIS study aimed to detect the adulteration of some beef products (burger, sausage, luncheon) using chemical, molecular, and histological techniques. We used a total of 63 beef product samples (21 from each product) collected from Egyptian markets. Based on costs, these samples were categorized into class A (high price), class B (medium price), and class C (low price). Adulteration was detected using the chemical composition to estimate protein%, the high-resolution melting (HRM) approach of the real-time PCR (HRM-PCR) to detect species substitution, and the histological examination to detect the adulterated tissue. The chemical analysis showed significantly higher measured protein % in class A beef products than in Class B and C. Molecular detection of mitochondrial 16S rRNA using HRM-PCR revealed the presence of meat adulteration in class B and C by mixing beef meat with either meat of other animals (donkey, dog, and cat) which normally are not consumed or slaughtered in Egypt or meat of other closely related animal species such as sheep and goat. On the histological level, adulteration was also found as noticed by the presence of a large number of tissues other than meat including bone, cartilage, fat, connective tissue, and large blood vessels, especially in class B and C products. With these data, we could conclude that medium and low-price meat products had a high incidence of adulteration. We argue that this strategy for the detection of meat adulteration might be used to safeguard consumers against food fraud in developing countries like Egypt.","PeriodicalId":40934,"journal":{"name":"EGYPTIAN JOURNAL OF VETERINARY SCIENCE","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"136127274","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-08-01DOI: 10.21608/ejoh.2023.203765.1238
M. Sarhan, A. Shehata
W ORLDWIDE food creation is seriously hampered by drought. Biochar and potassium silicate are essential for how crops use their energy, whether under favorable or adverse conditions. They may also make plants more drought tolerant. Ajwain ( Trachyspermum ammi L) is a medicinal and aromatic plant that is cultivated mainly for its seed, herb, and volatile oil. This present study was carried out to evaluate the effects of biochar and foliar application of potassium silicate K 2 SiO 3 under irrigation intervals (3, 4, and 5 days) on growth, fruits yield, essential oil, and its main components as well as chemical constituents of Ajwain in filed experiments conducted at the Experimental Farm of East of Malawi, El-Minia Governorate, Egypt during the two seasons of 2020/2021 and 2021/2022. A split plot design in four replications was used. Three irrigation intervals in main plot biochar and potassium silicate treatments and/ or in sub plot. Results showed that irrigation every 3 and 4 days produced the highest yield with higher quality parameters. While irrigation every 5 days gave highly significant positive values of water use efficiency. Biochar + sprays of K-silicate produced the highest fruit yield. Irrigation every 3 and 4 days combined with biochar + foliar spray of K-silicate achieved the highest values of fruit yield and its components. These results show that biochar + K-silicate treatment can increase water use efficiency and produce high fruit yield.
{"title":"Evaluating the Impact of Biochar and Foliar Application of Potassium Silicate on the Growth and Productivity of Ajwain (Trachyspermum ammi L) Plant Under Water Stress in The Newly Reclaimed Soil Conditions","authors":"M. Sarhan, A. Shehata","doi":"10.21608/ejoh.2023.203765.1238","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21608/ejoh.2023.203765.1238","url":null,"abstract":"W ORLDWIDE food creation is seriously hampered by drought. Biochar and potassium silicate are essential for how crops use their energy, whether under favorable or adverse conditions. They may also make plants more drought tolerant. Ajwain ( Trachyspermum ammi L) is a medicinal and aromatic plant that is cultivated mainly for its seed, herb, and volatile oil. This present study was carried out to evaluate the effects of biochar and foliar application of potassium silicate K 2 SiO 3 under irrigation intervals (3, 4, and 5 days) on growth, fruits yield, essential oil, and its main components as well as chemical constituents of Ajwain in filed experiments conducted at the Experimental Farm of East of Malawi, El-Minia Governorate, Egypt during the two seasons of 2020/2021 and 2021/2022. A split plot design in four replications was used. Three irrigation intervals in main plot biochar and potassium silicate treatments and/ or in sub plot. Results showed that irrigation every 3 and 4 days produced the highest yield with higher quality parameters. While irrigation every 5 days gave highly significant positive values of water use efficiency. Biochar + sprays of K-silicate produced the highest fruit yield. Irrigation every 3 and 4 days combined with biochar + foliar spray of K-silicate achieved the highest values of fruit yield and its components. These results show that biochar + K-silicate treatment can increase water use efficiency and produce high fruit yield.","PeriodicalId":40934,"journal":{"name":"EGYPTIAN JOURNAL OF VETERINARY SCIENCE","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.5,"publicationDate":"2023-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48243716","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-08-01DOI: 10.21608/ejoh.2023.208133.1242
Sherif S. Saleh, Wessam M. Serag El-Din, Hala F. Mohammed
T HE development of biochemical from plant cells marks the beginning of a new phase in biotechnological research and increasing global demand for scopolamine. From this point, somatic calli of Egyptian henbane ( Hyoscyamus muticus L.) were produced from leaf segments cultured on Murashige and Skoog (MS) medium containing various concentrations of Kin (0.5, 1, and 2 mg/l) or 2,4-D (1 and 2 mg/l). Immobilisation callus was conducted using various alginate treatments at 1.0, 1.5 and 2.0% combined with glycerol at 2, 3 and 4%. To complete gleization, two sources of calcium ions (CaCl 2 and Ca (NO 3 ) 2 .4H 2 O) were used at three concentrations 10, 20 and 30% or 1.5, 3 and 5%, respectively. The encapsulated somatic cell aggregates were cultured in liquid MS medium with 100, 200 and 300 mg/l of each tryptophan, glutamine and jasmine oil at 0.1, 0.2 and 0.3 % (v/v). The dried and fresh weights of immobilised cells were obtained after every two weeks of incubation for one month. The highest callus production (100%) was obtained on a medium containing 0.5 mg/l of Kin. While the medium containing 0.5 mg/l Kin plus 1 mg/l 2,4-D produced the highest percentage of somatic embryos (91.67%) with 147 embryos/g, this count produced a regeneration percentage of 39.27% (equivalent to 57.67 embryos/g). HPLC analysis revealed that the highest values of scopolamine and hyoscyamine (the major alkaloids) were obtained from applied tryptophan. When cells were treated with 100 mg/l of tryptophan, the medium contained 0.008 mg/ml of scopolamine and 0.09 mg/ml of hyoscyamine, respectively.
{"title":"Tropane Alkaloids Production of Immobilized Cells of Egyptian Henbane (Hyoscyamus muticus L.)","authors":"Sherif S. Saleh, Wessam M. Serag El-Din, Hala F. Mohammed","doi":"10.21608/ejoh.2023.208133.1242","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21608/ejoh.2023.208133.1242","url":null,"abstract":"T HE development of biochemical from plant cells marks the beginning of a new phase in biotechnological research and increasing global demand for scopolamine. From this point, somatic calli of Egyptian henbane ( Hyoscyamus muticus L.) were produced from leaf segments cultured on Murashige and Skoog (MS) medium containing various concentrations of Kin (0.5, 1, and 2 mg/l) or 2,4-D (1 and 2 mg/l). Immobilisation callus was conducted using various alginate treatments at 1.0, 1.5 and 2.0% combined with glycerol at 2, 3 and 4%. To complete gleization, two sources of calcium ions (CaCl 2 and Ca (NO 3 ) 2 .4H 2 O) were used at three concentrations 10, 20 and 30% or 1.5, 3 and 5%, respectively. The encapsulated somatic cell aggregates were cultured in liquid MS medium with 100, 200 and 300 mg/l of each tryptophan, glutamine and jasmine oil at 0.1, 0.2 and 0.3 % (v/v). The dried and fresh weights of immobilised cells were obtained after every two weeks of incubation for one month. The highest callus production (100%) was obtained on a medium containing 0.5 mg/l of Kin. While the medium containing 0.5 mg/l Kin plus 1 mg/l 2,4-D produced the highest percentage of somatic embryos (91.67%) with 147 embryos/g, this count produced a regeneration percentage of 39.27% (equivalent to 57.67 embryos/g). HPLC analysis revealed that the highest values of scopolamine and hyoscyamine (the major alkaloids) were obtained from applied tryptophan. When cells were treated with 100 mg/l of tryptophan, the medium contained 0.008 mg/ml of scopolamine and 0.09 mg/ml of hyoscyamine, respectively.","PeriodicalId":40934,"journal":{"name":"EGYPTIAN JOURNAL OF VETERINARY SCIENCE","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.5,"publicationDate":"2023-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46899801","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-08-01DOI: 10.21608/ejoh.2023.203697.1237
S. Youssef, M. Wehedy, M. Hafez, I. El-Oksh
S ALINITY is one of the serious abiotic stresses adversely affecting the productivity of most crops. Arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi and salicylic acid treatments are known to ameliorate salinity stress, but their combined effect has never been examined on watermelon. Therefore, to investigate the synergetic effects of them on vegetative growth, nutrient content, physiological and biochemical characteristics, and fruit yield and quality of watermelon cv. Aswan F1 grown under saline water conditions, a split split-plot design with three replications was conducted in the North Sinai Governorate, Egypt, during the two successive growing seasons of 2020 and 2021. The main factor included irrigation water salinity regimes at three levels: 1600, 4000 and 5000 ppm. Subfactors included arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi at two levels (non-inoculated and inoculated), and salicylic acid foliar spraying at four concentrations (0, 1, 2 and 4 mM) in subplots. The results revealed that saline water increasing led to evident reductions in vegetative growth parameters and fruit yield. Mycorrhizal inoculation or foliar application of salicylic acid improved the growth and productivity of watermelon plants under salinity conditions by maintaining a higher leaf relative water content and membrane stability index, enhancing chlorophyll content, and inducing the accumulation of proline and the activity of antioxidant enzymes. In addition, this study affirmed the synergistic effects of mycorrhizal inoculation and salicylic acid spraying on ameliorating the deleterious effects of saline-water irrigation on the growth and productivity of watermelon plants via generating simulative impacts on all physiological and biochemical attributes.
{"title":"Synergistic Interactions of Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Fungi and Salicylic Acid Alleviate Adverse Effects of Water Salinity on Growth and Productivity of Watermelon via Enhanced Physiological and Biochemical Responses","authors":"S. Youssef, M. Wehedy, M. Hafez, I. El-Oksh","doi":"10.21608/ejoh.2023.203697.1237","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21608/ejoh.2023.203697.1237","url":null,"abstract":"S ALINITY is one of the serious abiotic stresses adversely affecting the productivity of most crops. Arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi and salicylic acid treatments are known to ameliorate salinity stress, but their combined effect has never been examined on watermelon. Therefore, to investigate the synergetic effects of them on vegetative growth, nutrient content, physiological and biochemical characteristics, and fruit yield and quality of watermelon cv. Aswan F1 grown under saline water conditions, a split split-plot design with three replications was conducted in the North Sinai Governorate, Egypt, during the two successive growing seasons of 2020 and 2021. The main factor included irrigation water salinity regimes at three levels: 1600, 4000 and 5000 ppm. Subfactors included arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi at two levels (non-inoculated and inoculated), and salicylic acid foliar spraying at four concentrations (0, 1, 2 and 4 mM) in subplots. The results revealed that saline water increasing led to evident reductions in vegetative growth parameters and fruit yield. Mycorrhizal inoculation or foliar application of salicylic acid improved the growth and productivity of watermelon plants under salinity conditions by maintaining a higher leaf relative water content and membrane stability index, enhancing chlorophyll content, and inducing the accumulation of proline and the activity of antioxidant enzymes. In addition, this study affirmed the synergistic effects of mycorrhizal inoculation and salicylic acid spraying on ameliorating the deleterious effects of saline-water irrigation on the growth and productivity of watermelon plants via generating simulative impacts on all physiological and biochemical attributes.","PeriodicalId":40934,"journal":{"name":"EGYPTIAN JOURNAL OF VETERINARY SCIENCE","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.5,"publicationDate":"2023-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48372010","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-08-01DOI: 10.21608/ejoh.2023.206923.1241
Aisha, S.A. Gaser, Thoraua S.A. Abo El-Wafa, Nemat Allah Y.O.Mokhtar
T HE trial was conducted during the four successive seasons of 2019, 2020, 2021, and 2022 in a vineyard in the El-Khatatba region, Lat. 29:92 o , Long. 30.93 o to study the influence of Irrigation scheduling and hundz soil substance to improve water use efficiency, vegetative growth, fruit quality and yield of Flame Seedless grapevines grown in sandy soil. Seven-year-old vines in sandy soil were chosen, spaced at 2 x 3 meters, irrigated by the surface drip irrigation system, and trellised by the Spanish Parron system. The experiment was designed to study the effects of different rates from soil conditioners, Hundz soil, (0.5, 1, 1.5 and 2 kg/ vine) under irrigation levels at 70, 85, and 100% IWR. Hundz soil was applied to the soil under drip irrigation lines yearly. The Results showed that hundz soil substances 2 kg/vine plus an irrigation level at 85%IWR was effective in improving bud burst, bud fertility percentage, shoot length, number of leaves /shoot, and leaf area as well as enhancing yield per vine, cluster weight, berry weight, soluble solids content, and total anthocyanin while ,reducing total acidity in berries compared with irrigation level alone in four seasons of study. Additionally, water use efficiency (WUE) was improved at irrigation level at 70% IWR with 2 kg/vine and, it can save about 15% of water to achieve the same yield and fruit quality, according to the availability of water due to addition of hundz soil substances, especially under drip irrigation.
试验于2019年、2020年、2021年和2022年连续四个季节在拉图29:92 o的El Khatatba地区的一个葡萄园进行。30.93o研究灌溉制度和浑土物质对沙质土壤中火焰无籽葡萄水分利用效率、营养生长、果实品质和产量的影响。选择沙质土壤中的七年树龄葡萄藤，间距为2 x 3米，采用表面滴灌系统灌溉，并采用西班牙Parron系统进行棚架灌溉。该实验旨在研究在70、85和100%IWR的灌溉水平下，土壤改良剂Hundz土壤（0.5、1、1.5和2kg/株）的不同施用量的影响。每年在滴灌线路下的土壤上施用浑子土。结果表明，2公斤/株的浑土物质加上85%IWR的灌溉水平，可以有效地改善芽突、芽育性、茎长、叶/茎数和叶面积，并提高单株产量、丛重、浆果重量、可溶性固形物含量和总花青素，在四个研究季节中，与单独灌溉水平相比，降低了浆果的总酸度。此外，在IWR为70%的灌溉水平下，每株2公斤葡萄的水分利用效率（WUE）得到了提高，并且根据添加了浑土物质的水分可用性，特别是在滴灌条件下，它可以节省约15%的水分，以实现相同的产量和果实质量。
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Pub Date : 2023-08-01DOI: 10.21608/ejoh.2023.196613.1232
M. Ali, M. Mohamed, M. Eid, Asmaa Mostafa Omar
{"title":"Effect of Superabsorbent Polymer Application on Soil Hydraulic Properties, Growth, Yield, and Water Use Efficiency of ‘Early Sweet’ Grapevine (Vitis vinefera) under Different Irrigation Levels","authors":"M. Ali, M. Mohamed, M. Eid, Asmaa Mostafa Omar","doi":"10.21608/ejoh.2023.196613.1232","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21608/ejoh.2023.196613.1232","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":40934,"journal":{"name":"EGYPTIAN JOURNAL OF VETERINARY SCIENCE","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.5,"publicationDate":"2023-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41879355","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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